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The main aim of this study is to examine the leading transformations that have occurred throughout the period 2000–2018 in the Spanish publishing industry as a consequence of technological change and its adaptation to the new digital environment. Firstly, this work focuses on the economic importance of Spanish publishing sector studying three key variables: production, employment, and export capacity; secondly, the analysis moves along the structural changes in the Spanish publishing sector through the new millennium, and thirdly, this study discusses on the main business models emerged in the heat of technological disruption. Finally, conclusions close this research.

Wegen einer Katastrophe oder eines Konflikts werden viele Menschen zu Binnenvertriebenen oder Fl��chtlingen. Dann suchen sie nur nach einer Sache: einer sicheren Unterkunft. Das Zurverf��gungstellen einer geeigneten Unterkunft f��r Fl��chtlinge und Vertriebene nach einer Katastrophe ist ein anspruchsvolles Thema. Diese Studie konzentriert sich auf Syrien und die Binnenvertriebenen in Syrien.Die Geschichte der Vertriebenen hat 2012 begonnen und im Jahr 2021 betr��gt die Zahl der Binnenvertriebenen in Syrien lt. UNHCR 6,7 Millionen. Aufgrund dieser enormen Zahl wurden die Vertriebenenlager in Syrien zu St��dte des Chaos geworden und 69 % der Unterk��nfte in diesen Lagern sind Zelte, die Notunterk��nfte sind und den syrischen Vertriebenen keine Sicherheit bieten.Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit ist es, eine sichere und komfortable Unterkunft f��r die Vertriebenen in Syrien zu entwerfen, die der technologischen Entwicklung entspricht und umweltfreundliche Materialien mit geringen Kosten ber��cksichtigt. Das Ziel des ersten Vorschlags f��r die Unterkunft ist es, eine g��nstige, klimagerechte und umweltfreundliche Unterkunft aus lokalen Materialien (Lehm) zu bauen, die sowohl im kalten Winter als auch im hei��en Sommer angemessene Lebensbedingungen bietet.Das Ziel des zweiten und dritten Vorschlags f��r die Unterkunft ist die Verwendung von 3D-Druckern f��r zwei Arten von Unterk��nften: bei der ersten Art handelt es sich um Print-on-Demand mit Verwendung umweltfreundlicher Materialien und die zweite Art ist ein umweltfreundlicher printed Module., Due to a disaster or a conflict many people will become displaced persons or refugees. Then they will be looking for one thing only: a safe home. And providing an appropriate post disaster home for refugees and displaced persons is a challenging topic. This study is focusing on Syria and the internally displaced persons in Syria. Their Story started in 2012 and the number of the internally displaced people in Syria in 2021 according to UNHCR is 6.7 million. Due to this huge number, the displaced people camps in Syria became cities of chaos and 69% of the shelters in these camps are tents, which are emergency shelters and provide no safety to Syrian displaced people. The aim of this thesis is designing a safe and comfort shelter for the displaced persons in Syria in line with the technological development and by taking onto account friendly environmentally materials with low cost. The first proposal aims to use local materials (Clay) for building low cost, climate responsive and environmentally friendly shelters, which provide appropriate living conditions in both cold winter and hot summer. The second and third proposal aim to use 3D printers for printing two types of shelters, the first one is print on demand by using friendly environmentally materials and the second one is an eco-friendly printed module.

Continuing to consider the trends of the world book publishing, it is impossible not to dwell on the self-publishing, which has been gaining momentum in the world since the beginning of the century. Back in 2008, samizdat was equal to the number of titles published with books published by traditional publishers. In 2018, 1 million book titles were self-published in the US. China has crossed the million mark long ago. Statistics from China and Japan coming to the International Publishers Association also include self-published books, so the number of titles published in China is a staggering 65 007 519 and Japan's 2 017 808, including those published by traditional publishers in China — 203 000, and in Japan — 76 581 [1]. In our study, we sought to identify causes and identify trends in the emergence, growth, and spread of self-publishing in European countries and the United States. How self-publishing allows authors of publications to bypass publishers and bookstores and sell books directly to a potential reader. The impact of self-publishing on the publishing industry as a whole has been established: reducing the cost of printing, storing and distributing books. It has been proven that the impetus for self-publishing publications has been the development of technology, the improvement of e-book and tablet readers that have improved readability; provided free access to view and purchase the book. The article explores the advantages and disadvantages of self-publishing a book; the role of publishing platforms that allow the author to publish the book independently; the author's image risks are analyzed when publishing a book with self-view; attention is paid to the concept of graphic arts; the difference between graphomaniac and true self-expression is determined. Literary genres preferred by authors who decide to publish a book by themselves are considered. Self-published books are generally not eligible for prizes for literary or artistic achievement. The article gives examples of the first literary awards for self-published authors., Продовжуючи дослідження тенденцій світового книговидання, доцільно зупинитися на самвидаві, що від початку нинішнього століття високими темпами набирає обертів у світі. Ще 2008 р. самвидав зрівнявся за кількістю назв із книгами, надрукованими традиційними видавництвами. У 2018 р. у США завдяки самвидаву було опубліковано 1 млн назв книг. Китай мільйонну позначку перетнув давно. Статистичні дані з Китаю та Японії, що надійшли до Міжнародної асоціації видавців, враховують також і самвидавні книги, тому кількість видань, випущених у Китаї впродовж 2018 рр., сягала 65 007 519 друк. од., в Японії — 2 017 808, із них надруковано традиційними видавництвами у Китаї — 203 000, в Японії — 76 581 [1]. У пропонованій розвідці авторка намагалася визначити причини виникнення самвидаву та з'ясувати тенденції зростання його обсягів в європейських країнах і США; розглянути вплив самодрукування книги на видавничу галузь загалом. Проаналізовано, як самвидав дає змогу авторам, оминаючи видавництва та книгарні, реалізовувати книги безпосередньо потенційному читачеві. Зауважено, що перевагами самвидаву є зменшення витрат на друк, зберігання й розповсюдження книг. Доведено, що поштовхом до розвитку самвидаву стали новітні технології, вдосконалення рідерів електронних книг і планшетних комп'ютерів, що поліпшили читабельність, надали вільний доступ до перегляду й придбання книг. Досліджено переваги та вади самопублікації книги; розглянуто роль видавничих платформ, що надають можливість оприлюднити книгу самостійно; проаналізовано іміджеві ризики автора під час випуску книги самвидавом; приділено увагу поняттю графоманії; визначено різницю між графоманією і справжнім самвидавом. Розглянуто літературні жанри, котрим надають перевагу автори, які вирішили видавати книги самостійно. Самвидавні книги зазвичай не можуть претендувати на літературні чи художні премії. Наведено приклади літературних премій для авторів-самовидавців.

A indústria da moda é um dos sectores mais influentes da nossa sociedade, não apenas em termos de poder financeiro, mas também na forma como molda tendências e se afirma enquanto cultura. A presente investigação procura perceber as possibilidades e desafios que o designer gráfico enfrenta com a evolução da tecnologia no campo dos têxteis, e se se verifica um regime de comunicação mútuo. O designer gráfico acrescenta novas e diferentes características ao trabalho com tecido, mas a impressão do tecido incorpora preocupações que refletem na escala do ser humano. A diferença reside principalmente em questões de tipologia, sendo que habitualmente o designer gráfico trabalha o papel, mas pode também trabalhar o tecido. Presentemente existe um interesse crescente pela impressão digital têxtil, sobretudo pela sua versatilidade e desempenho nas possibilidades que oferece ao abrir portas, tanto para os intervenientes historicamente afastados destas operações, assim como para aqueles que não intervinham no mundo da impressão têxtil, devido à tecnologia surgir como inacessível técnica e economicamente. A tecnologia evolui no sentido do print-on-demand e ano após ano os avanços são crescentes e sistematicamente adotados pelos criadores de moda, escancarando-se também a oportunidade para o designer gráfico de ser cada vez mais interveniente. Esta dissertação divide-se em duas partes: contextualização histórica da impressão digital e da impressão de têxteis e na segunda parte a contextualização contemporânea do designer gráfico, e do universo da moda perante o print-on-demand no contexto da indústria têxtil. Como projeto prático desta dissertação, decidimos experienciar o uso da tecnologia da impressão digital em tecido. Para esse efeito foi criada uma metodologia, encetando posteriormente um processo daí decorrente, onde a impressão é o resultado de um esforço conjunto de colaboração entre design gráfico e moda.

If a company chooses digital textile printing, which have higher unit price, would it not be beneficial to know what possibilities the technique bring to the product development process? Are there design possibilities that companies using traditional textile printing cannot obtain?Advantages of using digital textile printing could for example give a competitive edge, which that distinguish the brand and offer new designs. Such insights are relevant knowledge when designing textile products to be successfully introduced to the market.The aim of this master thesis is to design a collection of textile pattern design, and implement them in a textile interior product. At the same time, the aim is to explore the advantages and disadvantages of digital textile printing.During a literature review it was identified that the disadvantages of digital textile printing are the relatively high price and the slow printing speed. These are crucial factors when choosing printing method, but reviewing digital printing there are interesting qualities that provide new possibilities. For example, when it comes to the pattern design process, digital textile printing eliminates design constrains such as repeat size and limited use of colors. The abilities to print a single product or small batches without a pre-production process illustrate potential for print-on-demand production. It is therefore concluded in this thesis that digital printing enables customization and illustrates potential for new innovational ideas. When reviewing the ecological sustainability qualities of several printing techniques, it is concluded that digital textile printing have a lot of advantages. Digital textile printing is consistently less wasteful, and with minimal excess production no unnecessary products are manufactured Validerat; 20160622 (global_studentproject_submitter)

Mossberg (1998) bekräftar att batch-baserad logstik inom bokbranschen har flertalet negativa konsekvenser. Mossberg (1998) skriver följande; ”ETT PÅGÅENDE RESURSSLÖSERI De osålda böckerna drar på sig transport- och lagerkostnader… …överskottet -- inte sällan mer än halva upplagan! -- makuleras inom en treårsperiod. Bortsett från det stötande i detta resursslöseri bidrar förfarandet till att den svenska bokmarknaden har fått den ’’färskvaruprägel’’ som tidigare berörts -- och som innebär en tidsmässig begränsning av den svenskspråkiga litteraturen.” (Mossberg, 1998) Mossbergs (1998) iakttagelser stödjer även de observationer vi gjort på fallföretaget. Detta är också grunden till vårt projekt där vi bidrar till ett mera effektivt och hållbart arbetssätt hos en av Sveriges största ekonomiboksproducenter. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka fördelar som enligt teorin kan uppnås vid en övergång från en batch-baserad till en print-on-demand baserad logistikhantering av böcker. Målet är att presentera rekommendationer för beslutsfattande och framtida strategi för fallföretaget, men också för att hjälpa andra företag med liknande krav och behov. Denna fallstudie genomförs på ett svenskt företag där man i huvudsak arbetar med kundservice/support till företag som använder sig av deras bokföringsprogram och servicetjänster. En viktig del i deras tjänst innebär publicering samt e-försäljning av informationsböcker. Vi har dock kunnat se att ytterst lite görs för att förbättra sin kvalitet inom detta område. Vår undersökning visar att fallföretaget sammantaget skulle vinna flera fördelar genom att använda sig utav en print-on-demand-lösning. Detta eftersom man skulle förbättra sin kvalitet i alla de avseenden vi fokuserat på, med en lägre totalkostnad, ingen kapitalbindning och en minskad påverkan på miljön. Mossberg (1998) confirms that batch-based logistics in the book industry has several negative consequences. Mossberg (1998) writes the following; "AN ONGOING WASTE OF RESOURCES The unsold books are incurring transportation and inventory costs ... ... surplus - often more than half the recipients edition! -- canceled within three years. Aside from the offensive in this waste of resources, this procedure contributes to the fact that the Swedish book market has got the '' fresh character '' as mentioned earlier -- and as entails a temporal limitation of the Swedish-language literature" (Mossberg, 1998) Mossberg's (1998) findings also support the observations we have made in this study. This constitutes the foundation of this survey, where we contributes for a more effective and sustainable operation at one of Sweden's largest economy book producers. The purpose of this study is to examine the advantages and disadvantages that come with make-to-stock and a batch based logistics management of books. But also to identify the advantages that, according to the theory, can be achieved in a transition to make-to-order with a print-on-demand solution. The goal is to present recommendations for decision-making and future strategy for the company where this study took place, as well as to help other companies with similar needs and requirements. This case study is conducted at a Swedish company which essentially work with customer service / support to businesses using their accounting software and services. An important part of their service means publishing as well as e-books sale of information books. We have noticed that little is done to improve their efficiency and quality in this area. Our study shows that this company would gain several benefits by making use out of a print-on-demand solution. This because it would improve their quality in all respects we’ve focused on, with a lower total cost, no tied up capital and en reduced environmental impact.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the ANRT, its purpose and activity in the French national network for the dissemination and preservation of PhD theses.Design/methodology/approachThe paper includes a historical study and an evaluation of current activities and future perspectives.FindingsThe ANRT has played a significant role in the back‐office of the French network for the dissemination and preservation of PhD theses for over 40 years. Its online catalogue contains more than 200,000 PhD theses that academic or other research institutions can order in print format or on microfiche. Complementary to this national mandate, the ANRT runs a print‐on‐demand service for more than 7,200 PhD theses called “Thèses à la carte”. Today, the development of electronic theses and dissertations (ETD) and open access is challenging the future of the ANRT.Originality/valueThe ANRT Lille is one of those institutions that are more or less unknown to the wider public and even to LIS professionals. This paper presents it for the first time to a larger and international readership.

The aim of this thesis is to investigate how the literary site Vulkan.se affects the conditions for publishing, distribution, incorporation in value systems and feedback in the literary process, as it appears in Lars Furuland’s model of this process. The purpose is also to propose an updated version of the model. This is achieved through a qualitative testing of Furuland’s theory. Vulkan.se is analyzed using concepts from the sociology of literature and Lars Furuland’s model “the literary process”, and is put into perspective of previous research and theories on actors and technical development related to the Swedish book market, such as print-on-demand and publishing on the Internet. The results show that web publishing at Vulkan.se can be incorporated into Furuland’s existing model. However, due to the ongoing technical development on the Internet, which has created new ways for the author to create, write, publish and sell books and get feed-back directly from their readers, several internal modifications are proposed.

Der Print-on-Demand-Service ProPrint ist ein Gemeinschaftsprojekt der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen (SUB) und des Computer- und Medienservices der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Der Service bietet die Möglichkeit, wissenschaftliche Aufsätze, elektronische Dissertationen oder Beiträge aus digitalisierten Büchern online zu recherchieren, individuell zusammenzustellen und als Paperback oder Skript von Druckdienstleistern produzieren zu lassen. ProPrint bietet bereits einen Zugriff auf über viertausend Monographien und Hochschulschriften an. Dabei wird das Netzwerk von Dokumentenservern und die Einbindung lokaler Druckunternehmen mit Print-on-Demand-Ausstattung kontinuierlich erweitert. Ziel ist es, die individuelle Publikation mit dem Pro-Print-Service in jeder wichtigen deutschen Universitätsstadt verfügbar zu machen.

A detailed english description (three pages) is enclosed in the publication. Die heutige Menge an textuellen Informationen erfordert vom Interessenten eine adäquate Selektion und Rezeption. Als printmedientechnischer Beitrag zur Lösung dieser Problematik wird das Book-on-Demand- (BoD) Verfahren in Verbindung mit einer individuellen Auswahl von Buchinhalten genutzt. Dazu wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit ein Formalismus entwickelt, der im Rahmen eines BoD-Workflows die kontextspezifische logische Neustrukturierung von Einheiten eines bestehenden elektronischen Buches automatisiert. Als Grundlage dient das aus der Graphentheorie bekannte Modell des minimalen Spannbaums (MSB). Bei der Bildung des MSB werden vor allem die primäre, vom Autor des bestehenden Buches vorgegebene, logische Struktur und eine dem Buch zu Grunde liegende Taxonomie ausgewertet. Für eine prototypische Implementierung des formalen Modells wird eine geeignete Softwarearchitektur für XML-kodierte Bücher entwickelt. Die Bewertung der resultierenden Buchgliederungen wird durch neuartige Metriken für logische Strukturen unterstützt.

This essay studies what happens to the poetics of a text that was first written on or for a certain internet platform when it is later copy-pasted to a different literary medium – that of an edited and printed book. The main target of the discussion is Finnish author Karri Kokko’s conceptual literary work Retweeted (2016), a print-on-demand book, the roots of which are firmly in both the traditions of print media and the digital interfaces of the social media platform Twitter. The analysis pays close attention to the medial qualities of both Twitter and the conceptual novel that draws material from it. The essay aims to highlight the poetic qualities of the material produced and circulated on Twitter, the affectivity of the platform itself, and the effects the transposition into the codex format has on these phenomena. The essay argues that when investigating the poetics of internet-based collages, and social media platforms more generally, one must be mindful of 1) the logics of writing and revenue on internet platforms, and 2) the paratextuality of both the original online platforms and the book at hand. peerReviewed