Search

Complexity in grassland simulation models can easily outpace available validation data. The challenge for developing useful grassland models is to include sufficient detail to quantify differences among plant species, soils, [...]

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess and compare the features of the Bemfola, Gonal-f and Puregon injection pens., Methods: Females who intended to undergo hormonal treatment received the three different pens in a randomized, consecutive sequence. For each of the pens, the potential patients completed an Injection Pen Assessment Questionnaire, as well as a questionnaire comparing the handling, convenience and preference among the three pens., Results: The mean score on the visual analogue scale (VAS) for the Bemfola pen (BP) was 77.8 ± 14.0; for the Puregon pen (PP), 72.1 ± 12.4; and for the Gonal-f pen (GP), 68.6 ± 16.4. The BP was superior to both competitor devices in pen size, inconspicuousness, ease of use and dose changing; no significant differences to both competitor pens were observed in the way the pen looks, the way the pen feels and the ease of injection of the volume. The 'overall' assessment was significantly better for the BP when compared to the GP (p = 0.0019), while no significant difference was observed between the BP and the PP., Conclusions: This study demonstrated significantly higher ratings for pen size, inconspicuousness, ease of use and dose adjustment for the BP compared to other marketed pens.

Examines excellence in three major pharmaceutical companies: Merck, Lilly, and Glaxo. Provides an overview of recent trends in the health care industry. Shows that although all three companies are facing tough competition and strict cost-containment pressures, they continue to develop innovative strategies for increasing the quality of their product offering. Analyses Merck's recent acquisition of Medco and its implications; also highlights Merck's "Vital Interests" programme. Discusses Lilly's recent purchase of PCS from McKesson Drug and Lilly's recent efforts to concentrate on its core business. Introduces Helix, Glaxo's new computer network for pharmacists and explains the benefits of this unique service, both to its users and the sponsor.