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1. Planck early results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency Instrument in-flight performance

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R. J., Dick, J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leahy, J. P., Lowe, S., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martínez-González, E., Meinhold, P. R., Morgante, G., Pearson, D., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Poutanen, T., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valiviita, J., Villa, F., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Aja, B., Artal, E., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Battaglia, P., Bennett, K., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Cabella, P., Cappellini, B., Chen, X., Colombo, L., Cruz, M., Danese, L., D'Arcangelo, O., Davies, R. D., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Foley, S., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Génova-Santos, R. T., George, D., Gómez, F., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Herreros, J. M., Hoyland, R. J., Hughes, N., Jewell, J., Jukkala, P., Juvela, M., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kilpia, V. -H., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Laaninen, M., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. -M., Leonardi, R., León-Tavares, J., Leutenegger, P., Lilje, P. B., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Malaspina, M., Marinucci, D., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Miccolis, M., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Pettorino, V., Pietrobon, D., Pospieszalski, M., Prézeau, G., Prina, M., Procopio, P., Puget, J. -L., Quercellini, C., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Robbers, G., Rocha, G., Roddis, N., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Stringhetti, L., Tauber, J. A., Tofani, G., Toffolatti, L., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Watson, C., White, S. D. M., and Winder, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The scientific performance of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) after one year of in-orbit operation is presented. We describe the main optical parameters and discuss photometric calibration, white noise sensitivity, and noise properties. A preliminary evaluation of the impact of the main systematic effects is presented. For each of the performance parameters, we outline the methods used to obtain them from the flight data and provide a comparison with pre-launch ground assessments, which are essentially confirmed in flight., Comment: Published version

Published
2011
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2. Planck Early Results. II. The thermal performance of Planck

Author

Planck Collaboration, Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Baker, M., Balbi, A., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bhandari, P., Bhatia, R., Bock, J. J., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J. R., Borders, J., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bowman, B., Bradshaw, T., Breelle, E., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Cabella, P., Camus, P., Cantalupo, C. M., Cappellini, B., Cardoso, J. F., Catalano, A., Cayon, L., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chambelland, J. P., Charra, J., Charra, M., Chiang, L. Y, Chiang, C., Christensen, P. R., Clements, D. L., Collaudin, B., Colombi, S., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Crook, M., Cuttaia, F., Damasio, C., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., de Bernardis, P., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J. M., Desert, F. -X., Doerl, U., Dolag, K., Donzelli, S., Dore, O., Douspis, M., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Enslin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli, F., Foley, S., Forni, O., Fosalba, P., Fourmond, J. J., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Gavila, E., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Giraud-Heraud, Y., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Gorski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Guyot, G., Harrison, D., Helou, G., Henrot-Versille, S., Hernandez-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Hobson, M., Holmes, W. A., Hornstrup, A., Hovest, W., Hoyland, R. J., Huffenberger, K. M., Israelsson, U., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Juvela, M., Keihanen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T. S., Kneissl, R., Knox, L., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J. M., Lami, P., Lasenby, A., Laureijs, R. J., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leonardi, R., Leroy, C., Lilje, P. B., Lopez-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Macias-Perez, J. F., Maciaszek, T., MacTavish, C. J., Maffei, B., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Mann, R., Maris, M., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Masi, S., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Mazzotta, P., McGehee, P., Meinhold, P. R., Melchiorri, A., Melot, F., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Miville-Deschenes, M. -A., Moneti, A., Montier, L., Mora, J., Morgante, G., Morisset, N., Mortlock, D., Munshi, D., Murphy, A., Naselsky, P., Nash, A., Natoli, P., Netterfield, C. B., Novikov, D., Novikov, I., O'Dwyer, I. J., Osborne, S., Pajot, F., Pasian, F., Patanchon, G., Pearson, D., Perdereau, O., Perotto, L., Perrotta, F., Piacentini, F., Piat, M., Plaszczynski, S., Platania, P., Pointecouteau, E., Polenta, G., Ponthieu, N., Poutanen, T., Prezeau, G., Prina, M., Prunet, S., Puget, J. L., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Renault, C., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Ristorcelli, I., Rocha, G., Rosset, C., Rubiino-Martin, J. A., Rusholme, B., Sandri, M., Santos, D., Schaefer, B. M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M. D., Shellard, P., Smoot, G. F., Starck, J. -L., Stassi, P., Stivoli, F., Stolyarov, V., Stompor, R., Sudiwala, R., Sygnet, J. -F., Tauber, J. A., Terenzi, L., Toffolatti, L., Tomasi, M., Torre, J. -P., Tristram, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Vibert, L., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wandelt, B. D., Watson, C., White, S. D. M., Wilkinson, A., Wilson, P., Yvon, D., Zacchei, A., Zhang, B., and Zonca, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The performance of the Planck instruments in space is enabled by their low operating temperatures, 20K for LFI and 0.1K for HFI, achieved through a combination of passive radiative cooling and three active mechanical coolers. The scientific requirement for very broad frequency coverage led to two detector technologies with widely different temperature and cooling needs. Active coolers could satisfy these needs; a helium cryostat, as used by previous cryogenic space missions (IRAS, COBE, ISO, Spitzer, AKARI), could not. Radiative cooling is provided by three V-groove radiators and a large telescope baffle. The active coolers are a hydrogen sorption cooler (<20K), a 4He Joule-Thomson cooler (4.7K), and a 3He-4He dilution cooler (1.4K and 0.1K). The flight system was at ambient temperature at launch and cooled in space to operating conditions. The HFI bolometer plate reached 93mK on 3 July 2009, 50 days after launch. The solar panel always faces the Sun, shadowing the rest of Planck, andoperates at a mean temperature of 384K. At the other end of the spacecraft, the telescope baffle operates at 42.3K and the telescope primary mirror operates at 35.9K. The temperatures of key parts of the instruments are stabilized by both active and passive methods. Temperature fluctuations are driven by changes in the distance from the Sun, sorption cooler cycling and fluctuations in gas-liquid flow, and fluctuations in cosmic ray flux on the dilution and bolometer plates. These fluctuations do not compromise the science data., Comment: Accepted by A&A. Also available at http://www.rssd.esa.int

Published
2011
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3. Planck pre-launch status: Design and description of the Low Frequency Instrument

Author

Bersanelli, M., Mandolesi, N., Butler, R. C., Mennella, A., Villa, F., Aja, B., Artal, E., Artina, E., Baccigalupi, C., Balasini, M., Baldan, G., Banday, A., Bastia, P., Battaglia, P., Bernardino, T., Blackhurst, E., Boschini, L., Burigana, C., Cafagna, G., Cappellini, B., Cavaliere, F., Colombo, F., Crone, G., Cuttaia, F., D'Arcangelo, O., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Angelis, L., De Gasperis, G. C., De La Fuente, L., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Falvella, M. C., Ferrari, F., Ferretti, R., Figini, L., Fogliani, S., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T., Garavaglia, S., Gomez, F., Gorski, K., Gregorio, A., Guzzi, P., Herreros, J. M., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hoyland, R., Hughes, N., Janssen, M., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Kilpia, V. H., Laaninen, M., Lapolla, P. M., Lawrence, C. R., Leahy, J. P., Leonardi, R., Leutenegger, P., Levin, S., Lilje, P. B., Lowe, S. R., Lubin, D. Lawson P. M., Maino, D., Malaspina, M., Maris, M., Marti-Canales, J., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Mediavilla, A., Meinhold, P., Miccolis, M., Morgante, G., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Pagan, L., Paine, C., Partridge, B., Pascual, J. P., Pasian, F., Pearson, D., Pecora, M., Perrotta, F., Platania, P., Pospieszalski, M., Poutanen, T., Prina, M., Rebolo, R., Roddis, N., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Salmon, n M. J., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Stringhetti, L., Taddei, E., Tauber, J., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wilkinson, A., Winder, F., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In this paper we present the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), designed and developed as part of the Planck space mission, the ESA program dedicated to precision imaging of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Planck-LFI will observe the full sky in intensity and polarisation in three frequency bands centred at 30, 44 and 70 GHz, while higher frequencies (100-850 GHz) will be covered by the HFI instrument. The LFI is an array of microwave radiometers based on state-of-the-art Indium Phosphide cryogenic HEMT amplifiers implemented in a differential system using blackbody loads as reference signals. The front-end is cooled to 20K for optimal sensitivity and the reference loads are cooled to 4K to minimise low frequency noise. We provide an overview of the LFI, discuss the leading scientific requirements and describe the design solutions adopted for the various hardware subsystems. The main drivers of the radiometric, optical and thermal design are discussed, including the stringent requirements on sensitivity, stability, and rejection of systematic effects. Further details on the key instrument units and the results of ground calibration are provided in a set of companion papers., Comment: 23 pages, 31 figures, accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planck LFI technical papers published by JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/1748-0221

Published
2010
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4. Planck pre-launch status: the Planck-LFI programme

Author

Mandolesi, N., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Artal, E., Baccigalupi, C., Balbi, A., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartelmann, M., Bennett, K., Bhandari, P., Bonaldi, A., Borrill, J., Bremer, M., Burigana, C., Bowman, R. C., Cabella, P., Cantalupo, C., Cappellini, B., Courvoisier, T., Crone, G., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., D'Arcangelo, O., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Angelis, L., de Gasperis, G., De Rosa, A., De Troia, G., de Zotti, G., Dick, J., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Dörl, U., Dupac, X., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T., Galeotta, S., Gasparo, F., Giardino, G., Gomez, F., Gonzalez-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F., Hell, R., Herranz, D., Herreros, J. M., Hildebrandt, S., Hovest, W., Hoyland, R., Huffenberger, K., Janssen, M., Jaffe, T., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kisner, T., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lähteenmäki, A., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S. M., Leahy, J. P., Leonardi, R., Levin, S., Lilje, P. B., López-Caniego, M., Lowe, S. R., Lubin, P. M., Maino, D., Malaspina, M., Maris, M., Marti-Canales, J., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Meinhold, P., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Morgante, G., Morigi, G., Morisset, N., Moss, A., Nash, A., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Paine, C., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Passvogel, T., Pearson, D., Pérez-Cuevas, L., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Popa, L. A., Poutanen, T., Prezeau, G., Prina, M., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Riller, T., Rocha, G., Roddis, N., Rohlfs, R., Rubiño-Martin, J. A., Salerno, E., Sandri, M., Scott, D., Seiffert, M., Silk, J., Simonetto, A., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Sternberg, J., Stivoli, F., Stringhetti, L., Tauber, J., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Villa, F., Vittorio, N., Wade, L., White, M., White, S., Wilkinson, A., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper provides an overview of the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) programme within the ESA Planck mission. The LFI instrument has been developed to produce high precision maps of the microwave sky at frequencies in the range 27-77 GHz, below the peak of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation spectrum. The scientific goals are described, ranging from fundamental cosmology to Galactic and extragalactic astrophysics. The instrument design and development are outlined, together with the model philosophy and testing strategy. The instrument is presented in the context of the Planck mission. The LFI approach to ground and inflight calibration is described. We also describe the LFI ground segment. We present the results of a number of tests demonstrating the capability of the LFI data processing centre (DPC) to properly reduce and analyse LFI flight data, from telemetry information to calibrated and cleaned time ordered data, sky maps at each frequency (in temperature and polarization), component emission maps (CMB and diffuse foregrounds), catalogs for various classes of sources (the Early Release Compact Source Catalogue and the Final Compact Source Catalogue). The organization of the LFI consortium is briefly presented as well as the role of the core team in data analysis and scientific exploitation. All tests carried out on the LFI flight model demonstrate the excellent performance of the instrument and its various subunits. The data analysis pipeline has been tested and its main steps verified. In the first three months after launch, the commissioning, calibration, performance, and verification phases will be completed, after which Planck will begin its operational life, in which LFI will have an integral part., Comment: 25 pages, 16 figures. In press on Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2010
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5. Analysis of thermally-induced effects in Planck Low Frequency Instrument

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Burigana, C., Maino, D., Ferretti, R., Morgante, G., Prina, M., Mandolesi, N., Butler, C., Valenziano, L., and Villa, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The Planck mission will provide full-sky maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background with unprecedented angular resolution (~ 10') and sensitivity (DT / T = 10^-6). This requires cryogenically cooled, high sensitivity detectors as well as an extremely accurate control of systematic errors, which must be kept at micro-K level. In this work we focus on systematic effects arising from thermal instabilities in the Low Frequency Instrument operating in the 30-100 GHz range. Our results show that it is of crucial importance to assure "in hardware" a high degree of stability. In addition, we provide an estimate of the level at which it is possible to reduce the contamination level in the observed maps by proper analysis of the Time Ordered Data., Comment: 5 pages, 7 figures. The following article has been submitted for publication in the AIP Proceedings of the Workshop on "Experimental Cosmology at millimeter wavelengths", Cervinia, Italy, 9-13 July 2001

Published
2001
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6. Baseline 18FDG-PET Metabolic Tumour Volume (MTV) as a Potential Predictive Factor of Response to Metronomic Chemotherapy (mCHT) in HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC) Patients (pts). Preliminary Results of the Metro-pet Study

Author

Meazza Prina, M, Gotuzzo, I, Cazzaniga, M, De Bernardi, E, Cafaro, P, Capici, S, Cogliati, V, Fulvia Pepe, F, Cicchiello, F, Riva, F, Cordani, N, Cerrito, M, Turolla, E, Landoni, C, Elisei, F, Crivellaro, C, Virdone, L, Monaco, L, Guidi, A, Guerra, L, Meazza Prina, M, Gotuzzo, I, Cazzaniga, M, De Bernardi, E, Cafaro, P, Capici, S, Cogliati, V, Fulvia Pepe, F, Cicchiello, F, Riva, F, Cordani, N, Cerrito, M, Turolla, E, Landoni, C, Elisei, F, Crivellaro, C, Virdone, L, Monaco, L, Guidi, A, and Guerra, L

Subjects
mCHT, 18FDG-PET, MBC
Published
2023

7. Harnessing DLL3 inhibition: From old promises to new therapeutic horizons

Author

Cortinovis, D, Colonese, F, Abbate, M, Sala, L, Meazza Prina, M, Cordani, N, Sala, E, Canova, S, Cortinovis D. L., Colonese F., Abbate M. I., Sala L., Meazza Prina M., Cordani N., Sala E., Canova S., Cortinovis, D, Colonese, F, Abbate, M, Sala, L, Meazza Prina, M, Cordani, N, Sala, E, Canova, S, Cortinovis D. L., Colonese F., Abbate M. I., Sala L., Meazza Prina M., Cordani N., Sala E., and Canova S.

Abstract

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with a high relapse rate, limited therapeutic options, and poor prognosis. The combination of chemotherapy and immune-checkpoint inhibitors brings a new therapeutic era, although the lack of predictive biomarkers of response reduces the efficacy of applying the treatment to the entire population of patients with SCLC. The lack of treatments able to bind to a specific target has always been a substantial difference to the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) counterpart. Delta-like canonical Notch ligand 3 is a protein frequently overexpressed in SCLC and is therefore being explored as a potentially promising therapeutic target in high-grade neuroendocrine lung cancer. In this article, we critically review the activity and efficacy of old DLL3 inhibitors antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and their failures through new compounds and their possible applications in clinical practice, with a focus on new molecular classification of SCLC.

Published
2022

12. Prevalence of Parkinsonism and Parkinson Disease in urban and rural populations from Latin America: A Community Population-Based Survey.

Author

Llibre-Guerra, J.J., Prina, M., Sosa, A.L., Acosta, D., Jimenez-Velasquez, I.Z., Guerra, Mariella, Salas, A., Valvuerdi, A., Llibre-Guerra, J.C., Peeters, G.M.E.E., Ziegemeier, E., Acosta, I., Tanner, C., Juncos, J., Rodriquez, J.J. Llibre, Llibre-Guerra, J.J., Prina, M., Sosa, A.L., Acosta, D., Jimenez-Velasquez, I.Z., Guerra, Mariella, Salas, A., Valvuerdi, A., Llibre-Guerra, J.C., Peeters, G.M.E.E., Ziegemeier, E., Acosta, I., Tanner, C., Juncos, J., and Rodriquez, J.J. Llibre

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 248093.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2022

13. A divisive hierarchical clustering methodology for enhancing the ensemble prediction power in large scale population studies: the ATHLOS project

Author

Barmpas, P., Tasoulis, S., Vrahatis, A.G., Georgakopoulos, S.V., Anagnostou, P., Prina, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Bickenbach, J., Bayes, I., Bobak, M., Caballero, F.F., Chatterji, S., Egea-Cortés, L., García-Esquinas, E., Leonardi, M., Koskinen, S., Koupil, I., Paja̧k, A., Prince, M., Sanderson, W., Scherbov, S., Tamosiunas, A., Galas, A., Haro, J.M., Sanchez-Niubo, A., Plagianakos, V.P., Panagiotakos, D., Barmpas, P., Tasoulis, S., Vrahatis, A.G., Georgakopoulos, S.V., Anagnostou, P., Prina, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Bickenbach, J., Bayes, I., Bobak, M., Caballero, F.F., Chatterji, S., Egea-Cortés, L., García-Esquinas, E., Leonardi, M., Koskinen, S., Koupil, I., Paja̧k, A., Prince, M., Sanderson, W., Scherbov, S., Tamosiunas, A., Galas, A., Haro, J.M., Sanchez-Niubo, A., Plagianakos, V.P., and Panagiotakos, D.

Abstract

The ATHLOS cohort is composed of several harmonized datasets of international groups related to health and aging. As a result, the Healthy Aging index has been constructed based on a selection of variables from 16 individual studies. In this paper, we consider additional variables found in ATHLOS and investigate their utilization for predicting the Healthy Aging index. For this purpose, motivated by the volume and diversity of the dataset, we focus our attention upon data clustering, where unsupervised learning is utilized to enhance prediction power. Thus we show the predictive utility of exploiting hidden data structures. In addition, we demonstrate that imposed computation bottlenecks can be surpassed when using appropriate hierarchical clustering, within a clustering for ensemble classification scheme, while retaining prediction benefits. We propose a complete methodology that is evaluated against baseline methods and the original concept. The results are very encouraging suggesting further developments in this direction along with applications in tasks with similar characteristics. A straightforward open source implementation for the R project is also provided (https://github.com/Petros-Barmpas/HCEP).

Published
2022

14. 2- Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Latin American Individuals with Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease: A 10/66 Dementia Research Group Study (Ana Luisa Sosa).

Author

Sosa, Ana Luisa, Khan, N, Arruabarrena, MM, Kim, DJ, Jiang, M, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Rodriguez-Salgado, AM, Acosta, I, Acosta, D, Jimenez-Velasquez, IZ, Guerra, M, Salas, A, López-Contreras, R, Dhara, Santana, Hesse, H, Tanner, C, Prina, M, and Llibre-Guerra, JJ

Abstract

Objectives: Studies in PD have traditionally focused on motor features, however, interest in non-motor manifestations has increased resulting in improved knowledge regarding the prognosis of the disease. Although several studies have explored the incidence of dementia in PD cohorts, these studies have been conducted mainly in reference centers in high-income countries (HIC). In this study we aimed to analyze the prevalence of cognitive impairment in people with parkinsonism and PD and its association with incident dementia in a population- based study, of elderly from six Latin American countries. Methods: This report consists of the analysis of data from a follow-up of 12,865 elderly people aged 65 years or older, carried out by 10/66 Dementia Research Group. Residents of urban and rural areas, from six low and middle- income countries (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Mexico and Peru). Exposures include parkinsonism and PD defined according to the UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank diagnostic criteria. Cognitive impairment was the main exposure and dementia was measured through the dementia diagnosis algorithm from 10/66 DRG. Results: At baseline, the overall prevalence of cognitive impairment was 14% (n = 1,581), in people with parkinsonism and PD, it was of 30.0% and 26.2%, respectively. Parkinsonism and PD were individually associated with prevalent and incident dementia after controlling for age, sex, and education. The pooled odds ratios from a fixed-effects meta-analysis were 2.2 (95% CI: 1.9 – 2.6) for parkinsonism and 1.9 (95% CI: 1.4 – 2.4) for PD. Regarding incident dementia, the pooled sub-Hazard ratio estimated using a competing risk model was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2 –1.9) for parkinsonism and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0 – 2.2) forPD. Conclusions: Parkinsonism and PD were associated cross-sectionally with the presence of cognitive impairment, and prospectively with incident dementia in elderly people in the community population of Latin America studied. Systematic screening for cognitive impairment and dementia with valid tools in PD patients may help with earlier detection of those at highest risk for adverse outcomes. Identifying modifiable risk factors could potentially lead to efficient interventions even in advanced stages of PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. S6: Junior Research Award Winner: Cognitive impairment and Dementia in Latin American Individuals with Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease: A 10/66 Dementia Research Group Study - Jorge Jesus L. Llibre-Guerra, MD.

Author

Llibre-Guerra, JJ, Khan, N, Arruabarrena, MM, Kim, DJ, Jiang, M, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Rodriguez-Salgado, AM, Acosta, I, Sosa, AL, Acosta, D, Jimenez-Velasquez, IZ, Guerra, M, Salas, A, López-Contreras, R, Dhara, Santana, Joel, Solorzano, Jeyachandran, C, Hesse, H, Tanner, C, and Prina, M

Abstract

Background: Limited knowledge exists about the association between Parkinsonism or Parkinson's disease (PD) and cognitive impairment and dementia in Latin America. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the cross-sectional and prospective associations between Parkinsonism and PD with cognitive impairment and dementia in a large multi-country cohort in Latin America. Methods: The 10/66 is a prospective, observational cohort study. This population-based cohort study was based in six Latin American countries: Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Mexico, and Peru. The study includes 12,865 participants from six countries, including residents aged 65 years and living in urban and rural catchment areas. Exposures included diagnosed Parkinsonism and PD defined according to the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank diagnostic criteria. Cognitive impairment was the main outcome measure for cross-sectional analysis and dementia was used to measure the prospective association with the exposures. Logistic regression models were used to explore the association between Parkinsonism/PD with cognitive impairment at baseline. Competing risk models were used to assess the prospective association between Parkinsonism/PD with incident dementia accounting for competing risk of mortality. Individual country analyses were combined via fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of cognitive impairment in people with Parkinsonism and PD was 30% and 26.2%, respectively. Parkinsonism (OR 2.2 (95%CI 1.9 – 2.6)) and PD (1.9 (95%CI 1.4 – 2.4)) were individually associated with baseline and incident cognitive impairment after accounting for age, sex, and education, after pooling. In competing risk models, the pooled sub- hazard ratios for dementia in the fixed effect metanalysis were 1.5 (95%CI 1.2 – 1.9) for parkinsonism and 1.5 (95%CI 1.0 – 2.2) for PD. Conclusions: Parkinsonism and PD were cross-sectionally associated with cognitive impairment and prospectively associated with incident dementia in Latin America. Routine screening for cognitive impairment and dementia with validated tools in PD patients may aid earlier detection of those at greater risk ofadverseoutcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Socioeconomic inequalities in physical and cognitive functioning: cross-sectional evidence from 37 cohorts across 28 countries in the ATHLOS project

Author

Stefler D, Prina M, Wu YT, Sánchez-Niubó A, Lu W, Haro JM, Marmot M, and Bobak M

Subjects
social inequalities, physical function, ageing, cognition
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Physical and cognitive functioning in older age follows a socioeconomic gradient but it is unclear whether the strength of the association differs between populations. Using harmonised data from an international collaboration of cohort studies, we assessed socioeconomic inequalities in physical and cognitive functioning and explored if the extent of inequalities varied across countries based on their economic strength or wealth distribution. METHODS: Harmonised data from 37 population-based cohorts in 28 countries were used, with an overall sample size of 126 765. Socioeconomic position of participants was indicated by education and household income. Physical functioning was assessed by self-reported mobility and activities of daily living; and cognitive functioning by memory and verbal fluency tests. Relative (RII) and slope (SII) index of inequality were calculated in each cohort, and their association with the source country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gini-index was assessed with correlation and cross-level interaction in multilevel models. RESULTS: RII and SII values indicated consistently higher risk of low physical and cognitive functioning in participants with lower education or income across cohorts. Regarding RII, there were weak but statistically significant correlations and interactions with GDP and Gini-index, suggesting larger inequalities in countries with lower Gini-index and higher GDP. For SII, no such correlations were observed. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that socioeconomic inequalities in physical and cognitive functioning exist across different social contexts but the magnitude of these inequalities varies. Relative inequalities appear to be larger in higher-income countries but it remains to be seen whether such observation can be replicated.

Published
2021

17. The role of ageing in the wish to be dead: disentangling age, period and cohort effects in suicide ideation in European population

Author

Cabello M, Rico-Uribe LA, Martinez-Ávila JC, Sánchez-Niubó A, Caballero FF, Borges G, Mellor-Marsá B, Haro JM, Prina M, Koskinen S, and Ayuso-Mateos JL

Subjects
Europe, period, suicide ideation, Cohort
Abstract

AIMS: To investigate potential age, period and birth cohort effects in the prevalence of suicide ideation in European ageing population. METHODS: A total of 50 782 community-dwelling adults (aged + 50) from 20 different European countries were collected in the Survey Health Ageing and Retirement study. A multilevel logistic regression model of repeated measures was modelled to assess the effects of age and other variables, including the variability of observations over three levels: birth cohort groups, time period assessment and individual differences. RESULTS: The larger effect of variability was attributed to individual-level factors (57.8%). Youngest-old people (65-79 years) showed lower suicide ideation than middle-aged people (50-64 years). No significative differences were found for suicide ideation between middle-aged people and oldest-old (80 + years). Only 0.85% and 0.13% of the total variability of suicide ideation accounted for birth cohort and period effects, respectively. Cohorts born between 1941 and 1944 possessed the lowest estimates of suicide ideation. Conversely, suicide ideation started to rise with post-War generations and reached a significant level for people born from 1953-1957 to 1961-1964. Regarding the time period, participants assessed in 2006-2007 showed a lower likelihood of suicide ideation. The rest of the cohorts and period groups did not show any significant effect on the prevalence of suicide ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that age and suicide ideation relationship is not linear in middle and older age. The European Baby boomers born from 50s to mid-60s might report higher suicide ideation than their ancestors. This scenario would imply a greater need for mental healthcare services for older people in the future.

Published
2021

18. Development of a common scale for measuring healthy ageing across the world: results from the ATHLOS consortium

Author

Sanchez-Niubo, A., Forero, C.G., Wu, Y.-T., Giné-Vázquez, L., Prina, M., De La Fuente, J., Daskalopoulou, C., Critselis, E., De La Torre-Luque, A., Panagiotakos, D., Arndt, H., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Bayes-Marin, I., Bickenbach, J., Bobak, M., Caballero, F.F., Chatterji, S., Egea-Cortés, L., García-Esquinas, E., Leonardi, M., Koskinen, S., Koupil, I., Mellor-Marsá, B., Olaya, B., Pająk, A., Prince, M., Raggi, A., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Sanderson, W., Scherbov, S., Tamosiunas, A., Tobias-Adamczyk, B., Tyrovolas, S., Haro, J.M., Sanchez-Niubo, A., Forero, C.G., Wu, Y.-T., Giné-Vázquez, L., Prina, M., De La Fuente, J., Daskalopoulou, C., Critselis, E., De La Torre-Luque, A., Panagiotakos, D., Arndt, H., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Bayes-Marin, I., Bickenbach, J., Bobak, M., Caballero, F.F., Chatterji, S., Egea-Cortés, L., García-Esquinas, E., Leonardi, M., Koskinen, S., Koupil, I., Mellor-Marsá, B., Olaya, B., Pająk, A., Prince, M., Raggi, A., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Sanderson, W., Scherbov, S., Tamosiunas, A., Tobias-Adamczyk, B., Tyrovolas, S., and Haro, J.M.

Abstract

Background: Research efforts to measure the concept of healthy ageing have been diverse and limited to specific populations. This diversity limits the potential to compare healthy ageing across countries and/or populations. In this study, we developed a novel measurement scale of healthy ageing using worldwide cohorts. Methods: In the Ageing Trajectories of Health-Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project, data from 16 international cohorts were harmonized. Using ATHLOS data, an item response theory (IRT) model was used to develop a scale with 41 items related to health and functioning. Measurement heterogeneity due to intra-dataset specificities was detected, applying differential item functioning via a logistic regression framework. The model accounted for specificities in model parameters by introducing cohort-specific parameters that rescaled scores to the main scale, using an equating procedure. Final scores were estimated for all individuals and converted to T-scores with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. Results: A common scale was created for 343 915 individuals above 18 years of age from 16 studies. The scale showed solid evidence of concurrent validity regarding various sociodemographic, life and health factors, and convergent validity with healthy life expectancy (r = 0.81) and gross domestic product (r = 0.58). Survival curves showed that the scale could also be predictive of mortality. Conclusions: The ATHLOS scale, due to its reliability and global representativeness, has the potential to contribute to worldwide research on healthy ageing.

Published
2021

19. Enhancing the Human Health Status Prediction: The ATHLOS Project

Author

Anagnostou, P., Tasoulis, S., Vrahatis, A. G., Georgakopoulos, S., Prina, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Bickenbach, J., Bayes-Marin, I., Caballero, F. F., Egea-Cortés, L., García-Esquinas, E., Leonardi, M., Scherbov, S., Tamosiunas, A., Galas, A., Haro, J. M., Sanchez-Niubo, A., Plagianakos, V., Panagiotakos, D., Anagnostou, P., Tasoulis, S., Vrahatis, A. G., Georgakopoulos, S., Prina, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., Bickenbach, J., Bayes-Marin, I., Caballero, F. F., Egea-Cortés, L., García-Esquinas, E., Leonardi, M., Scherbov, S., Tamosiunas, A., Galas, A., Haro, J. M., Sanchez-Niubo, A., Plagianakos, V., and Panagiotakos, D.

Abstract

Preventive healthcare is a crucial pillar of health as it contributes to staying healthy and having immediate treatment when needed. Mining knowledge from longitudinal studies has the potential to significantly contribute to the improvement of preventive healthcare. Unfortunately, data originated from such studies are characterized by high complexity, huge volume, and a plethora of missing values. Machine Learning, Data Mining and Data Imputation models are utilized a part of solving these challenges, respectively. Toward this direction, we focus on the development of a complete methodology for the ATHLOS Project – funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program, which aims to achieve a better interpretation of the impact of aging on health. The inherent complexity of the provided dataset lies in the fact that the project includes 15 independent European and international longitudinal studies of aging. In this work, we mainly focus on the HealthStatus (HS) score, an index that estimates the human status of health, aiming to examine the effect of various data imputation models to the prediction power of classification and regression models. Our results are promising, indicating the critical importance of data imputation in enhancing preventive medicine’s crucial role.

Published
2021

20. Enhancing the Human Health Status Prediction: The ATHLOS Project

Author

Anagnostou, P., primary, Tasoulis, S., additional, Vrahatis, A. G., additional, Georgakopoulos, S., additional, Prina, M., additional, Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., additional, Bickenbach, J., additional, Bayes-Marin, I., additional, Caballero, F. F., additional, Egea-Cortés, L., additional, García-Esquinas, E., additional, Leonardi, M., additional, Scherbov, S., additional, Tamosiunas, A., additional, Galas, A., additional, Haro, J. M., additional, Sanchez-Niubo, A., additional, Plagianakos, V., additional, and Panagiotakos, D., additional

Published
2021
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21. Factors related with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among low- and middle-income settings: the 10/66 DRG study

Author

Daskalopoulou C, Wu YT, Pan W, Giné Vázquez I, Prince M, Prina M, and Tyrovolas S

Abstract

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity research in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) is limited. We investigated sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity prevalence and sociodemographic, bio-clinical and lifestyle factors in LMICs settings. For the purposes of this study, the 10/66 Dementia Research Group follow-up wave information from individuals aged 65 and over in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Peru, Mexico, Puerto Rico, China, was employed and analysed (n = 8.694). Based on indirect population formulas, we calculated body fat percentage (%BF) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Sarcopenia prevalence ranged from 12.4% (Dominican Republic) to 24.6% (rural Peru); sarcopenic obesity prevalence ranged from 3.0% (rural China) to 10.2% (rural Peru). Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sarcopenia were higher for men 2.82 (2.22-3.57) and those with higher %BF 1.08 (1.07-1.09), whereas higher number of assets was associated with a decreased likelihood 0.93 (0.87-1.00). OR of sarcopenic obesity were higher for men 2.17 (1.70-2.76), those reporting moderate alcohol drinking 1.76 (1.21-2.57), and those with increased number of limiting impairments 1.54 (1.11-2.14). We observed heterogeneity in the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in the 10/66 settings. We also found a variety of factors to be associated with those. Our results reveal the need for more research among the older population of LMICs.

Published
2020

22. Multimorbidity patterns in low-middle and high income regions: a multiregion latent class analysis using ATHLOS harmonised cohorts

Author

Bayes-Marin I, Sánchez-Niubó A, Egea-Cortés L, Nguyen H, Prina M, Fernández D, Haro JM, and Olaya B

Subjects
high-income country (HICs), latent class analysis (LCA), low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), multimorbidity, non-communicable diseases (NCDs)
Abstract

Our aim was to determine clusters of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a very large, population-based sample of middle-aged and older adults from low- and middle-income (LMICs) and high-income (HICs) regions. Additionally, we explored the associations with several covariates.

Published
2020

23. Prediction of dementia risk in low-income and middle-income countries (the 10/66 Study): an independent external validation of existing models

Author

Stephan, B.C.M., Pakpahan, E. (Eduwin), Siervo, M. (Mario), Licher, S. (Silvan), Muniz-Terrera, G. (Graciela), Mohan, D. (Devi), Acosta, D. (Daisy), Rodriguez Pichardo, G. (Guillermina), Sosa, A.L. (Ana Luisa), Acosta, I. (Isaac), Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J. (Juan J), Prince, M. (Martin), Robinson, L. (Louise), Prina, M. (Matthew), Stephan, B.C.M., Pakpahan, E. (Eduwin), Siervo, M. (Mario), Licher, S. (Silvan), Muniz-Terrera, G. (Graciela), Mohan, D. (Devi), Acosta, D. (Daisy), Rodriguez Pichardo, G. (Guillermina), Sosa, A.L. (Ana Luisa), Acosta, I. (Isaac), Llibre-Rodriguez, J.J. (Juan J), Prince, M. (Martin), Robinson, L. (Louise), and Prina, M. (Matthew)

Abstract

Background: To date, dementia prediction models have been exclusively developed and tested in high-income countries (HICs). However, most people with dementia live in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where dementia risk prediction research is almost non-existent and the ability of current models to predict dementia is unknown. This study investigated whether dementia prediction models developed in HICs are applicable to LMICs. Methods: Data were from the 10/66 Study. Individuals aged 65 years or older and without dementia at baseline were selected from China, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela. Dementia incidence was assessed over 3–5 years, with diagnosis according to the 10/66 Study diagnostic algorithm. Discrimination and calibration were tested for five models: the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia risk score (CAIDE); the Study on Aging, Cognition and Dementia (AgeCoDe) model; the Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI); the Brief Dementia Screening Indicator (BDSI); and the Rotterdam Study Basic Dementia Risk Model (BDRM). Models were tested with use of Cox regression. The discriminative accuracy of each model was assessed using Harrell's concordance (c)-statistic, with a value of 0·70 or higher considered to indicate acceptable discriminative ability. Calibration (model fit) was assessed statistically using the Grønnesby and Borgan test. Findings: 11 143 individuals without baseline dementia and with available follow-up data were included in the analysis. During follow-up (mean 3·8 years [SD 1·3]), 1069 people progressed to dementia across all sites (incidence rate 24·9 cases per 1000 person-years). Performance of the models varied. Across countries, the discriminative ability of the CAIDE (0·52≤c≤0·63) and AgeCoDe (0·57≤c≤0·74) models was poor. By contrast, the ANU-ADRI (0·66≤c≤0·78), BDSI (0·62≤c≤0·78), and BDRM (0·66≤c≤0·78) models showed similar levels of disc

Published
2020
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24. Alcohol Drinking and Health in Ageing: A Global Scale Analysis of Older Individual Data through the Harmonised Dataset of ATHLOS

Author

Tyrovolas, S., Panaretos, D., Daskalopoulou, C., Gine-Vazquez, I., Niubo, A.S., Olaya, B., Bobak, M., Prince, Ma., Prina, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Caballero, F.F., Garcia-Esquinas, E., Holger, A., Scherbov, S., Sanderson, W., Gheno, I., Koupil, I., Bickenbach, J., Chatterji, S., Koskinen, S., Raggi, A., Pajak, A., Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B., Haro, J.Ma., Panagiotakos, D., Tyrovolas, S., Panaretos, D., Daskalopoulou, C., Gine-Vazquez, I., Niubo, A.S., Olaya, B., Bobak, M., Prince, Ma., Prina, M., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Caballero, F.F., Garcia-Esquinas, E., Holger, A., Scherbov, S., Sanderson, W., Gheno, I., Koupil, I., Bickenbach, J., Chatterji, S., Koskinen, S., Raggi, A., Pajak, A., Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B., Haro, J.Ma., and Panagiotakos, D.

Abstract

We investigated the relation between alcohol drinking and healthy ageing by means of a validated health status metric, using individual data from the Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project. For the purposes of this study, the ATHLOS harmonised dataset, which includes information from individuals aged 65+ in 38 countries, was analysed (n = 135,440). Alcohol drinking was reflected by means of three harmonised variables: alcohol drinking frequency, current and past alcohol drinker. A set of 41 self-reported health items and measured tests were used to generate a specific health metric. In the harmonised dataset, the prevalence of current drinking was 47.5% while of past drinking was 26.5%. In the pooled sample, current alcohol drinking was positively associated with better health status among older adults ((b-coef (95% CI): 1.32(0.45 to 2.19)) and past alcohol drinking was inversely related (b-coef (95% CI): −0.83 (−1.51 to −0.16)) with health status. Often alcohol consumption appeared to be beneficial only for females in all super-regions except Africa, both age group categories (65–80 years old and 80+), both age group categories, as well as among all the financial status categories (all p < 0.05). Regional analysis pictured diverse patterns in the association for current and past alcohol drinkers. Our results report the need for specific alcohol intake recommendations among older adults that will help them maintain a better health status throughout the ageing process.

Published
2020

25. Prediction of dementia risk in low-income and middle-income countries (the 10/66 Study): an independent external validation of existing models

Author

Stephan, BC, Pakpahan, E, Siervo, M, Licher, Silvan, Muniz-Terrera, G, Mohan, D, Acosta, D, Rodriguez Pichardo, G, Sosa, AL, Acosta, I, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Prince, M, Robinson, L, Prina, M, Stephan, BC, Pakpahan, E, Siervo, M, Licher, Silvan, Muniz-Terrera, G, Mohan, D, Acosta, D, Rodriguez Pichardo, G, Sosa, AL, Acosta, I, Llibre-Rodriguez, JJ, Prince, M, Robinson, L, and Prina, M

Published
2020

29. Healthy ageing trajectories and lifestyle behaviour: the Mexican Health and Aging Study

Author

Daskalopoulou C, Koukounari A, Wu YT, Terrera GM, Caballero FF, de la Fuente J, Tyrovolas S, Panagiotakos DB, Prince M, and Prina M

Abstract

Projections show that the number of people above 60 years old will triple by 2050 in Mexico. Nevertheless, ageing is characterised by great variability in the health status. In this study, we aimed to identify trajectories of health and their associations with lifestyle factors in a national representative cohort study of older Mexicans. We used secondary data of 14,143 adults from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). A metric of health, based on the conceptual framework of functional ability, was mapped onto four waves (2001, 2003, 2012, 2015) and created by applying Bayesian multilevel Item Response Theory (IRT). Conditional Growth Mixture Modelling (GMM) was used to identify latent classes of individuals with similar trajectories and examine the impact of physical activity, smoking and alcohol on those. Conditional on sociodemographic and lifestyle behaviour four latent classes were suggested: high-stable, moderate-stable, low-stable and decliners. Participants who did not engage in physical activity, were current or previous smokers and did not consume alcohol at baseline were more likely to be in the trajectory with the highest deterioration (i.e. decliners). This study confirms ageing heterogeneity and the positive influence of a healthy lifestyle. These results provide the ground for new policies.

Published
2019

30. Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors

Author

de la Torre-Luque A, de la Fuente J, Prina M, Sánchez-Niubó A, Haro JM, and Ayuso-Mateos JL

Subjects
Healthy ageing, Measurement invariance, Longitudinal trajectories, Mixture modelling, Depression
Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at depicting the course of depression symptoms over the old age, with a special interest in a) uncovering its relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors; b) analysing its predictive role on healthy-ageing outcomes later in life. METHODS: The sample comprised 8317 older adults (46.02% men) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Robust structural equation modelling was used to identify symptom trajectories and their relationships with time-varying factors. Trajectory class and covariates were used to predict outcomes (quality of life, satisfaction with life, and daily living functioning) in a 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: Three trajectory classes (so-called, normative, subclinical, chronic symptom trajectories) were identified for both sexes. Rising hearing difficulties and history of psychiatric problems were consistently associated with the chronic symptom trajectory. Lower education level, history of psychiatric problems, and increasing visual difficulties were connected with the subclinical trajectories. Finally, participants with either a subclinical or a chronic symptom trajectory showed worse outcomes than the remaining participants in the follow-up. CONCLUSION: This study highlighted the presence of varying courses of depression symptoms (each showing some distinctive features from other another) over the old age, pointing to some relevant implications for clinical assessment and treatment prescription.

Published
2019

34. Cohort profile: The Ageing Trajectories of Health – Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project

Author

Sanchez-Niubo, A., Egea-Cortés, L., Olaya, B., Caballero, F., Ayuso-Mateos, J., Prina, M., Bobak, M., Arndt, H., Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B., Pająk, A., Leonardi, M., Koupil, I., Panagiotakos, D., Tamosiunas, A., Scherbov, S., Sanderson, W., Koskinen, S., Chatterji, S., Haro, J., Sanchez-Niubo, A., Egea-Cortés, L., Olaya, B., Caballero, F., Ayuso-Mateos, J., Prina, M., Bobak, M., Arndt, H., Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B., Pająk, A., Leonardi, M., Koupil, I., Panagiotakos, D., Tamosiunas, A., Scherbov, S., Sanderson, W., Koskinen, S., Chatterji, S., and Haro, J.

Published
2019

35. The Planck Sorption Cooler: Using Metal Hydrides to Produce 20 K

Author

Pearson, David P, Bowman, R, Prina, M, and Wilson, P

Subjects
Metals And Metallic Materials
Abstract

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has built and delivered two continuous closed cycle hydrogen Joule-Thomson (JT) cryocoolers for the ESA Planck mission, which will measure the anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background. The metal hydride compressor consists of six sorbent beds containing LaNi4.78Sn0.22 alloy and a low pressure storage bed of the same material. Each sorbent bed contains a separate gas-gap heat switch that couples or isolates the bed with radiators during the compressor operating cycle. ZrNiHx hydride is used in this heat switch. The Planck compressor produces hydrogen gas at a pressure of 48 Bar by heating the hydride to approx.450 K. This gas passes through a cryogenic cold end consisting of a tube-in-tube heat exchanger, three pre-cooling stages to bring the gas to nominally 52 K, a JT value to expand the gas into the two-phase regime at approx.20 K, and two liquid - vapor heat exchangers that must remove 190 and 646 mW of heat respectively.

Published
2006

36. Sorption coolers using a continuous cycle to produce 20 K for the Planck flight mission

Author

Nash, A, Pearson, D, Paine, C, Bowman, R. C, Prina, M, and Bhandari, P

Abstract

Two sorption coolers using hydrogen as the working fluid are currently being fabricated and assembled for flight delivery by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Being vibration free, scalable and with the capability for the cold end to be remotely located from the warm spacecraft are the major advantages of this class of cryo-coolers. These systems have been designed to provide a total cooling capacity (per cooler) of 1 W at a cold end temperature less than 19 K. They will be used for the Planck surveyor mission (2007 launch). In this paper we present the level Of maturity of the hydrogen sorption cooler technology at JPL by describing the design and how it has been validated at the subsystem and system levels.

Published
2005

40. Cryogenic testing of Planck sorption cooler test facility

Author

Zhang, B, Pearson, D, Borders, J, Franklin, B, Prina, M, Hardy, J, and Crumb, D

Subjects
Engineering (General)
Abstract

A test facility has been upgraded in preparation for testing of two hydrogen sorption cryocoolers operating at 18/20 K. these sorption coolers are currently under development at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This work summarizes the scope of the test facility upgrade, including design for cryogenic cooling power delivery, system thermal management, insulation schemes, and data acquisition techniques. Ground support equipment for the sorption coolers, structural features of the test chamber, and the vacuum system involved for system testing will also be described in detail.

Published
2004

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