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38. Measuring diagnoses: ICD code accuracy

Author

O'Malley, Kimberly J., Cook, Karon F., Price, Matt D., Wildes, Kimberly Raiford, Hurdle, John F., and Ashton, Carol M.

Subjects
Health care industry, Nosology -- Analysis, Health care industry -- Standards, Health care industry -- Services
Abstract

Objective. To examine potential sources of errors at each step of the described inpatient International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding process. Data Sources/Study Setting. The use of disease codes from the ICD has expanded from classifying morbidity and mortality information for statistical purposes to diverse sets of applications in research, health care policy, and health care finance. By describing a brief history of ICD coding, detailing the process for assigning codes, identifying where errors can be introduced into the process, and reviewing methods for examining code accuracy, we help code users more systematically evaluate code accuracy for their particular applications. Study Design/Methods. We summarize the inpatient ICD diagnostic coding process from patient admission to diagnostic code assignment. We examine potential sources of errors at each step and offer code users a tool for systematically evaluating code accuracy. Principle Findings. Main error sources along the "patient trajectory" include amount and quality of information at admission, communication among patients and providers, the clinician's knowledge and experience with the illness, and the clinician's attention to detail. Main error sources along the "paper trail" include variance in the electronic and written records, coder training and experience, facility quality-control efforts, and unintentional and intentional coder errors, such as misspecification, unbundling, and upcoding. Conclusions. By clearly specifying the code assignment process and heightening their awareness of potential error sources, code users can better evaluate the applicability and limitations of codes for their particular situations. ICD codes can then be used in the most appropriate ways. Key Words. ICD codes, accuracy, error sources, Nosology (the systematic classification of diseases) has always fascinated the sick and their would-be healers. Western societies developed an interest in nosology in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries when they [...]

Published
2005

42. Incidence and Treatment Outcomes of Vocal Fold Movement Impairment After Total Arch Replacement.

Author

Fullmer, Tanner, Wang, David C., Price, Matt D., LeMaire, Scott A., Coselli, Joseph S., Gregorio Casar, J., Donovan, Donald T., Eddie Liou, N., and Ongkasuwan, Julina

Abstract

Background: Vocal fold movement impairment (VFMI) secondary to neuronal injury is a known risk after aortic surgery. Total arch replacement is technically challenging, and the incidence of vocal fold movement impairment secondary to neuronal injury after this surgery is unknown. This study examined the incidence of VFMI after total arch replacement and medialization treatment outcomes.Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Methods: All patients who underwent total arch replacement at a tertiary care center over 11 years (2006-2017) were identified through an institutional database. End points included evidence of VFMI on flexible laryngoscopy, time to diagnosis, time to treatment, need for reintubation, and intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay.Results: Of the 358 patients who underwent total arch replacement, 63 (20%) were diagnosed with VFMI during their initial inpatient stay. Fifty patients (79%) VFMIs were left-sided, nine (14%) were right-sided, and four (6%) were bilateral. Thirty-nine patients (62%) underwent inpatient vocal fold medialization: 28 (72%) by injection laryngoplasty and 11 (28%) by type 1 thyroplasty. Those with unilateral VFMI had longer ICU (8.9 days) and hospital (19.4 days) than those with no VFMI (5.7 and 16.1 days). Among patients with unilateral VFMI, those who underwent inpatient vocal fold medialization trended toward shorter ICU (6.2 vs. 14.4 days, P = .03) and hospital stays (20.1 vs. 23.3 days, P = .4) than patients who did not have a medialization procedure.Conclusion: The overall incidence of VFMI after total arch replacement in our series was 20%. Both the right and left vocal folds are potentially at risk from a total arch replacement; consequently, the distribution of injury in our cohort was more heterogeneous than in other series.Level Of Evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 129:699-703, 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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43. Moderate hypothermia ≥24 and ≤28°C with hypothermic circulatory arrest for proximal aortic operations in patients with previous cardiac surgery

Author

Preventza, Ourania, primary, Garcia, Andrea, additional, Kashyap, Sarang A., additional, Akvan, Shahab, additional, Cooley, Denton A., additional, Simpson, Kiki, additional, Rammou, Athina, additional, Price, Matt D., additional, Omer, Shuab, additional, Bakaeen, Faisal G., additional, Cornwell, Lorraine D., additional, and Coselli, Joseph S., additional

Published
2016
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44. Early versus late inpatient awake transcervical injection laryngoplasty after thoracic aortic repair.

Author

Chen, Diane W., Price, Matt D., LeMaire, Scott A., Coselli, Joseph S., Liou, N. Eddie, and Ongkasuwan, Julina

Abstract

Background: Vocal fold movement impairment (VFMI), a known complication following thoracic aortic surgery, has been associated with poorer surgical outcomes, including higher pulmonary complications and longer length of stay (LOS). Awake transcervical injection laryngoplasty in the inpatient setting serves to augment pulmonary toilet function for affected patients. This study investigates clinical outcomes of patients who underwent early versus late injection laryngoplasty following aortic surgery.Methods: A 5-year review (2011-2016) of 35 patients who underwent inpatient injection laryngoplasty for VFMI following aortic repair was conducted. Data included demographics, surgery parameters, laryngologic evaluation, pulmonary complications, LOS, and mortality. Early injection was defined as within 5 days from extubation. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 17.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).Results: All 35 patients (mean age 56, 77% male) underwent left vocal-fold injection laryngoplasty without complication. There were 15 (43%) early procedures and 20 (57%) late procedures. Mean LOS for early and late injection groups (13 vs. 20 days, respectively) significantly differed (P = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3 to 14.4). Early laryngoplasty cohorts experienced less pulmonary complications (20%) than those who had late medialization (50%), but this did not reach significance (P = 0.06, 95% CI -0.3 to 8.1). The most common complication type in both groups was therapeutic bronchoscopy.Conclusion: Early awake injection laryngoplasty within 5 days from extubation is feasible and may improve clinical outcomes for patients with VFMI following aortic repair. Further prospective studies on this approach for VFMI after thoracic surgery are needed.Level Of Evidence: 4. Laryngoscope, 128:144-147, 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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46. Results of open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Author

LeMaire SA, Price MD, Green SY, Zarda S, and Coselli JS

Abstract

Background: Open surgical repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs) enables the effective replacement of the diseased aortic segment and reliably prevents aneurysm rupture. However, these operations also carry substantial risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality, principally caused by the associated ischemic insult involving the spinal cord, kidneys, and other abdominal viscera. Here, we describe the early outcomes of a contemporary series of open TAAA repairs., Methods: We reviewed the outcomes of 823 open TAAA repairs performed between January 2005 and May 2012. Of these, 209 (25.4%) were Crawford extent I repairs, 264 (32.1%) were extent II, 157 (19.1%) were extent III, and 193 (23.5%) were extent IV. Aortic dissection was present in 350 (42.5%) cases, and aneurysm rupture was present in 37 (4.5%). Adjuncts used during the procedures included cerebrospinal fluid drainage in 639 (77.6%) cases, left heart bypass in 430 (52.2%), and cold renal perfusion in 674 (81.9%)., Results: The composite endpoint, adverse outcome-defined as operative death, renal failure that necessitated dialysis at discharge, stroke, or permanent paraplegia or paraparesis-occurred after 131 (15.9%) procedures. There were 69 (8.4%) operative deaths. Permanent paraplegia or paraparesis occurred after 42 (5.1%) cases, stroke occurred after 27 (3.3%), and renal failure necessitating permanent dialysis occurred after 45 (5.5%)., Conclusions: Although open surgical repair of the thoracoabdominal aorta can be life-saving to patients at risk for fatal aneurysm rupture, these operations remain challenging and are associated with substantial risk of early death and major complications. Additional improvements are needed to further reduce the risks associated with TAAA repair, particularly as increasing numbers of patients with advanced age and multiple or severe comorbidities present for treatment.

Published
2012
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