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Concerns about the impact of plastics pollution on the environment have been growing since the 1970s. Marine debris has reportedly entangled and (or) been ingested by 914 marine species ranging from microinvertebrates to large marine mammals. Shorebirds have a high potential to be exposed to and ingest plastics pollution, as many species migrate long distances and periodically concentrate around shorelines, coastal areas, and estuaries that can have elevated levels of plastics pollution. Currently, little is understood about plastics exposure, frequency of occurrence (FO), and potential impacts relating to shorebirds. In this study, we catalogued and reviewed available studies across the globe that examined plastics pollution in shorebirds. We then quantified relevant traits of species and their environments to explore how shorebirds may be exposed to plastics pollution. Of 1106 samples from 26 shorebird species described within 16 studies that examined plastic ingestion, 53% of individuals contained some form of plastics pollution. Overall, Haematopodidae (oystercatchers) had the highest FO of plastics, followed by Recurvirostridae (avocets), Scolopacidae (sandpipers, phalaropes, godwits, and curlews), and Charadriidae (plovers). Plastics FO was much greater among species that migrated across marine areas (either oceanic or coastal) than those species that used continental flyways. Species that foraged at sea, on mudflats, or on beaches had higher average FO of plastic ingestion than species that foraged in upland or freshwater environments. Finally, species that used a sweeping foraging mode showed higher levels of ingested plastics and contained a far greater number of plastic pieces than all other techniques. These conclusions are based on a limited number of species and samples, with the distribution of samples skewed taxonomically and geographically. Using the combined knowledge of known shorebirds-plastics interactions and shorebird ecology, we present a hierarchical approach to identifying shorebirds that may be more vulnerable and susceptible to plastic ingestion. We provide recommendations on sampling protocols and future areas of research. Key words: plastic, pollution, marine litter, waders, shorebirds Les preoccupations en matiere d'impact de la pollution plastique sur l'environnement se sont accrues depuis les annees 1970. Les debris marins auraient entrave ou ete ingeres par 914 especes marines allant des micro-invertebres aux grands mammiferes marins. Les oiseaux de rivage sont tres susceptibles d'etre exposes a la pollution plastique et de lingerer, car de nombreuses especes migrent sur de longues distances et se concentrent periodiquement autour des rivages, des zones cotieres et des estuaires qui peuvent presenter des niveaux eleves de pollution plastique. A l'heure actuelle, on connait peu de choses sur l'exposition aux plastiques, la frequence et les impacts potentiels sur les oiseaux de rivage. Dans cette etude, les auteurs ont catalogue et synthetise les etudes disponibles a travers le monde qui se sont penchees sur la pollution plastique chez les oiseaux de rivage. Ils ont ensuite quantifie les caracteristiques pertinentes des especes et de leurs environnements afin d'explorer comment les oiseaux de rivage peuvent etre exposes a la pollution plastique. Sur 1106 echantillons provenant de 26 especes d'oiseaux de rivage decrites dans 16 etudes qui ont examine l'ingestion de plastiques, 53 % des individus comportaient une certaine forme de pollution plastique. Dans l'ensemble, les Haematopodidae (huitriers) presentaient la frequence d'occurrence (FO) la plus elevee de plastiques, suivis des Recurvirostridae (avocettes), des Scolopacidae (becasseaux, phalaropes, barges, courlis) et des Charadriidae (pluviers). La FO de plastiques etait beaucoup plus importante chez les especes qui migraient a travers les zones marines (oceaniques ou cotieres) que chez les especes qui utilisaient les voies de migration continentales. Les especes qui se nourrissaient en mer, dans les vasieres ou sur les plages presentaient une FO moyenne d'ingestion de plastiques plus elevee que les especes qui se nourrissaient dans les environnements de hautes terres ou d'eau douce. Enfin, les especes qui utilisaient un mode de recherche de nourriture par balayage presentaient des niveaux plus eleves d'ingestion de plastiques et contenaient un nombre beaucoup plus important de morceaux de plastique que celles qui utilisaient toutes les autres techniques. Ces conclusions sont basees sur un nombre limite d'especes et d'echantillons, la distribution des echantillons etant biaisee sur le plan taxonomique et geographique. En utilisant les connaissances combinees des interactions connues entre les oiseaux de rivage et les plastiques et de l'ecologie des oiseaux de rivage, les auteurs presentent une approche hierarchique pour identifier les oiseaux de rivage qui pourraient etre plus vulnerables et susceptibles d'ingerer des plastiques. Ils formulent des recommandations sur les protocoles d'echantillonnage et les futurs domaines de recherche. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : plastique, pollution, dechets marins, echassiers, oiseaux de rivage, Introduction Concerns about the impact of plastics pollution on the environment have been growing since the 1970s. Initially, plastics pollution was thought to be primarily distributed around heavily populated areas; [...]

The Arctic Council working group, the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) established the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme (CBMP), an international network of scientists, governments, Indigenous organizations, and conservation groups working to harmonize and integrate efforts to extend and develop monitoring and assessment of the Arctic's biodiversity. Its relevance stretches beyond the Arctic to a broad range of regional and global initiatives and agreements. This paper describes the process and approach taken in the last two decades to develop and implement the CBMP. It documents challenges encountered, lessons learnt, and solutions, and considers how it has been a model for national, regional, and global monitoring programmes; explores how it has impacted Arctic biodiversity monitoring, assessment, and policy and concludes with observations on key issues and next steps. The following are overarching prerequisites identified in the implementation of the CBMP: effective coordination, sufficient and sustained funding, improved standards and protocols, co-production of knowledge and equitable involvement of IK approaches, data management to facilitating regional analysis and comparisons, communication and outreach to raising awareness and engagement in the programme, ensuring resources to engage in international fora to ensuring programme implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article from the American Journal of Veterinary Research discusses Texas A&M University's Veterinary Education, Research, & Outreach team's innovative strategies to study bovine respiratory disease (BRD). By comparing microbial samples with the host transcriptome, the team gains detailed insights into cattle respiratory systems, identifying factors affecting susceptibility. The research aims to develop new strategies, including vaccines, to prevent, detect, and treat BRD, which is a significant issue in North American cattle feedlots, costing the industry around $1 billion annually. The team collaborates with other institutions to improve animal welfare and the livelihoods of those in the industry. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines the opportunities and challenges within academic labor of operating an off-campus space using the STEAM Factory as a case study. The STEAM Factory supports research collaborations across all disciplines and engages in community outreach that shares research outcomes and seeks to understand impact in a local context. Third-space labor makes the STEAM Factory model possible and drives collaboration, especially with community partners. The STEAM Factory has a membership made up of faculty, postdoctoral scholars, and staff supported by a program director, a faculty director, and a member-elected board of directors. As an organization, STEAM has been a detailed archiver of its own history, providing a public report annually. To better understand the perspective of STEAM Factory members, and the nature of mentorship and workplace collaborations, the membership was surveyed on three different occasions: January 2018, January 2020, and January 2021. Surveys were followed up with structured interviews that addressed the rationale for collaboration among faculty. During the interviews, we found that for those conducting community research, the space and staff support has been integral not only to their ability to engage in community research but also their enthusiasm for community engagement. Through a discussion of the organizational history of the STEAM Factory, in combination with insights from membership feedback, this paper recognizes the role of third space labor, workers whose labor blends academic and support roles, in support of third places, places to gather that are not-home and not-work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Computerized clinical decision support systems (CCDSSs) promise improvements in care quality; however, uptake is often suboptimal. We sought to characterize system use, its predictors, and user feedback for the Electronic Asthma Management System (eAMS)-an electronic medical record system-integrated, point-of-care CCDSS for asthma-and applied the GUIDES checklist as a framework to identify areas for improvement.Materials and Methods: The eAMS was tested in a 1-year prospective cohort study across 3 Ontario primary care sites. We recorded system usage by clinicians and patient characteristics through system logs and chart reviews. We created multivariable models to identify predictors of (1) CCDSS opening and (2) creation of a self-management asthma action plan (AAP) (final CCDSS step). Electronic questionnaires captured user feedback.Results: Over 1 year, 490 asthma patients saw 121 clinicians. The CCDSS was opened in 205 of 1033 (19.8%) visits and an AAP created in 121 of 1033 (11.7%) visits. Multivariable predictors of opening the CCDSS and producing an AAP included clinic site, having physician-diagnosed asthma, and presenting with an asthma- or respiratory-related complaint. The system usability scale score was 66.3 ± 16.5 (maximum 100). Reported usage barriers included time and system accessibility.Discussion: The eAMS was used in a minority of asthma patient visits. Varying workflows and cultures across clinics, physician beliefs regarding asthma diagnosis, and relevance of the clinical complaint influenced uptake.Conclusions: Considering our findings in the context of the GUIDES checklist helped to identify improvements to drive uptake and provides lessons relevant to CCDSS design across diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]