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Lone offences are becoming more common across Europe among people with an immigrant background. In Hungary, the number of crimes related to migration and people with an immigrant background is small. The appearance of migration in the media, on the other hand, generates serious emotions. It can create groupings and trigger emotions in individuals to commit acts of wrongdoing. The phenomenon of migration has both positive and negative effects. One of the most frightening of the negative effects is the way it reshapes our thinking. This can be observed in the relationship between people with an immigrant background and the inhabitants of the host country. In my study I examine a lone perpetrator who emerges as a result of migration, focusing on the issue of prevention. I show how criminal policy and prevention models work, or do not work. At the end of the study, I outline a possible prevention model.

Environmental drug prevention interventions are gaining momentum alongside and in concert with ‘classical’ prevention practices such as school, family and community interventions. The Icelandic Pre...

“Dating Matters®” is a CDC-developed comprehensive, multi-component teen dating violence (TDV) prevention model, made available to the public in 2019. A longitudinal, multi-site demonstration project found that the model significantly reduced TDV during middle school relative to an evidence-based, single-program intervention (Safe Dates; Niolon et al., 2019 ), when implemented across 46 middle schools in four high-risk urban areas with predominantly Black (55%) and Hispanic (28%) youth participants. Research on the costs of implementing TDV prevention strategies is limited, despite recognition within the field of prevention science that such data are critical to widespread dissemination. The current study adds to the available literature on the cost of dating violence prevention by estimating the budgetary impact from the payer perspective of implementing the comprehensive Dating Matters model, compared to Safe Dates, at four sites over four school years to inform prevention planning in communities. Total costs of implementing Dating Matters were relatively stable within sites over time but varied greatly between sites ( M = $175,452 per year; range = $130,149 to $227,604). The mean per-student cost of Dating Matters was $145.40 but also ranged widely ($20.66 to $324.65) across sites and years. Variation was largely driven by staffing costs and number of students served. As expected, total and per-student costs were substantially lower at all sites for the Safe Dates program ( M = $12,148; range = $2,848 to $17,840; $44.81 per student) compared to Dating Matters. This study provides an estimate from the payer perspective to demonstrate the budgetary impact of Dating Matters. These estimates can help inform implementation decisions and planning by potential funders, communities, and organizations as they seek to support and implement effective TDV prevention strategies. It also adds substantially to understanding of the additional costs associated with a move from single-program interventions to community-wide initiatives.

This paper describes the need for an effective preventive model in preventing the smuggling of marijuana in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea land border area in Muara Tami District, Jayapura Papua. The model applied so far is an outward-looking model where this model implements an integrated cross-border inspection, supervision, and security. The unstructured interview approach and the Delphi method were used in this study so that accurate data was obtained that in practice, the current model used still did not look professional and integrated, namely between cross-border service officers, Police and defense, Ondoaffi. Traditional leaders, religious leaders, and border communities in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea region. Besides, the integration between Ministries/Institutions related to programs and budgets to prevent marijuana smuggling in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border area in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, Papua Province is also still weak. The reason people who choose to smuggle marijuana is because they do not feel guilty and think that it is a profitable job with a strong social network, the behavior that neutralizes themselves that carrying marijuana is not a crime. Besides, the existence of problems such as geographic, demographic, and disturbance from armed crime groups (OPM) that have not received serious action are also factors related to the above problems. Based on this background, this dissertation provides a strategic step, contained several policy recommendations that can strengthen this model so that it is expected to be maximized and more efficient than the previous model. Keywords: Land Border Territory, Organized Crime, Social Networking, Neutralization, and the Delphi Method, The Crime Prevention Model of Cannabis Smuggling Abstrak Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang perlunya suatu model pencegahan yang berdaya guna dalam mencegah penyelundupan ganja di wilayah perbatasan darat Indonesia-Papua Nugini di Distrik Muara Tami, Jayapura Papua. Model yang diterapkan selama ini, yaitu model outwar d looking , yang menerapkan pemeriksaan, pengawasan dan keamanan lintas batas secara terpadu. Pada kenyataannya, penyalahgunaan ganja yang berasal dari Papua Nugini masih mengkhawatirkan di wilayah perbatasan. Dengan pendekatan wawancara tidak terstruktur dan metode Delphi diperoleh data akurat bahwa model yang dilakukan sekarang dalam pelaksanaannya masih belum terlihat professional dan terpadu antara petugas pelayanan lintas batas, petugas keamanan (Polisi) dan pertahanan (TNI), Ondoaffi (tokoh adat), tokoh agama dan masyarakat perbatasan di wilayah Indonesia-Papua Nugini. Selanjutnya, masih lemahnya keterpaduan antara Kementerian/Lembaga terkait program dan anggaran dalam rangka pencegahan penyelundupan ganja di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia-Papua Nugini di Distrik Muara Tami, Kota Jayapura Provinsi Papua. Masih adanya orang-orang memilih melakukan penyelundupan ganja karena tidak merasa bersalah dan merupakan pekerjaan yang menguntungkan, jaringan sosial yang kuat, terdapatnya perilaku yang menetralkan dirinya bahwa membawa ganja bukan suatu kejahatan. Serta persoalan yang masih belum serius diantisipasi seperti persoalan geografis, demografis dan gangguan dari kelompok kejahatan bersenjata (OPM). Terkait persoalan tersebut, disertasi ini akan memberikan suatu langkah strategis, dengan beberapa rekomendasi kebijakan yang menguatkan model ini bisa memaksimalkan dan berdaya guna dari model sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Wilayah Perbatasan Darat, Kejahatan Terorganisir, Jaringan sosial, Netralisasi dan Metode Delphi, Model Pencegahan Kejahatan Penyelundupan Ganja Аннотация В этой статье описывается потребность в эффективной превентивной модели предотвращения контрабанды марихуаны в сухопутной приграничной территории Индонезии-Папуа-Новой Гвинеи в районе Муара Тами, Джаяпура, Папуа. Применяемая до сих пор модель - это модель внешнего наблюдения, которая реализует интегрированный трансграничный контроль, надзор и безопасность. . Фактически злоупотребление марихуаной из Папуа-Новой Гвинеи по-прежнему вызывает беспокойство в приграничных территориях. С помощью подхода неструктурированного интервью и метода Дельфи получены точные данные о том, что текущая модель в ее реализации все еще не выглядит профессиональной и интегрированной между офицерами трансграничной службы, офицерами безопасности (полиция) и обороны (TNI), Ондоафи (традиционные лидеры), религиозными лидерами и приграничной общиной в территории Индонезия-Папуа-Новая Гвинея. Кроме того, все еще существует слабая интеграция между министерствами/ведомствами, имеющими отношение к программам и бюджетам, с целью предотвращения контрабанды марихуаны в приграничной территории Индонезии-Папуа-Новой Гвинеи в районе Муара Тами города Джаяпура, провинция Папуа. Некоторые люди по-прежнему предпочитают провозить марихуану контрабандой, потому что они не чувствуют себя виноватыми, и это прибыльная работа с сильной социальной организацией; они считают, что ношение марихуаны не является преступлением. Такие проблемы, как географические, демографические и вмешательство вооруженных преступных группировок (OPM), которые еще ждут своего решения, также являются факторами, способствующими этому преступлению. Основываясь на этом, данная статья даёт стратегический шаг с несколькими рекомендациями по политике, которые смогут максимально укрепить эту модель и сделать её более эффективной по сравнению с предыдущей моделью. Ключевые Слова: Сухопутная Приграничная Территория, Организованная Преступность, Социальные Сети, Нейтрализация И Метод Дельфи, Модель Предупреждения Контрабанды Марихуаны.

The authors thank Koning et al. for their critical review of the Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM) and for highlighting its strengths. We would, however, like to respond to their criticisms.First, K...

We are delighted to see that our commentary resulted in a much-needed discussion about the strengths, narratives, and challenges of the Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM). We kindly respond to the de...

Background Mandatory folic acid fortification of staples is a proven intervention to prevent spina bifida and anencephaly, two life-threatening and disabling neural tube defects. We estimated the global proportion of folic acid-preventable spina bifida and anencephaly (FAP SBA) prevented through mandatory folic acid fortification of wheat and/or maize flour in 2019. Methods Using data from the Global Fortification Data Exchange, we identified countries with mandatory fortification policies that required at least 1.0 ppm folic acid be added to wheat and/or maize flour and had information on percentage of industrially milled flour that is fortified. We built FAP SBA prevention models assuming mandatory folic acid fortification at 200 μg/day of folic acid fully protects against FAP SBA and would lower the prevalence neural tube defects to 0.5 per 1,000 live births. Results In 2019, 56 countries met our criteria for mandatory folic acid fortification of wheat (n = 56 countries) and/or maize (n = 15 countries) flour and with complete data for our modeling. Overall, our prevention model estimated that 65,380 FAP SBA cases were prevented in 2019 through folic acid fortification of wheat and/or maize flour. We estimated the current global prevention proportion of all preventable FAP SBA cases worldwide to be at 23% of total possible prevention. Conclusion Global prevention efforts for FAP SBA are slow and have stalled. Mandatory fortification should be urgently implemented in all countries to prevent epidemics of FAP SBA, and to achieve health-related Sustainable Development Goals for year 2030 by reducing child mortality due to preventable FAP SBA.

Various cases of leakage of sensitive files such as confidential report and privacy documents of customers and staff have been reported mistakenly sent via email, leaked through unprotected USB Sticks and mobile devices. Multi-agent systems have experienced growing acceptance and importance as distributed systems become more widespread. The most common issues of this system are security in term of vulnerability of documents. This research address the security issues of a multi-agent in a distributed environment providing a data leakage prevention model that effectively control data leakage, data loss and data theft from an insider.

Zusammenfassung. Vernachlässigung, körperliche, psychische oder sexuelle Misshandlung erhöhen das Risiko für Entwicklungsstörungen wie auch das Risiko gesundheitlicher Langzeitfolgen im Erwachsenenalter. Die Prävention von Misshandlungen ist deshalb wichtig. In der Schweiz zeigt sich ein mehrschichtiges Präventionsmodell, dessen Hauptfokus auf der Stützung der Familie liegt. Ein verbessertes gesellschaftliches Bewusstsein hinsichtlich der wichtigen Bedeutung einer adäquaten kindlichen Betreuung steht sowohl im Interesse jedes Einzelnen wie auch im Interesse des Gesundheitssystems und der Gesellschaft als Ganzes.

The Corruption Perception Index in Indonesia in 2018 is ranked 89th out of 180 countries, far below Singapore, which is in third place and Malaysia at 61st. Therefore, this study aimed to find a model for preventing corruption in government agencies using the independent variables: Organizational Culture (X1), Competence (X2), Leadership (X3), and Internal Control (X4). This research employed quantitative methods (survey), and data analysis uses correlation analysis and multiple regression with the help of the SPSS software program. The number of the target population involved 357 people (employees of government financial institutions), and 100 people were taken randomly as samples. The results showed that: a) the corruption prevention model in government agencies was Y = 1.507 + 0.878 X1-0.365 X2-0.282 X3 + 0.401 X4; b) the variable of organizational culture (X1), competence (X2), leadership (X3), and internal control simultaneously had an R2 value of 0.471, meaning that this variable contributed 47.1% to corruption prevention and the remaining 52.9%. % referred to other factors; c) organizational culture (X1) and internal control (X4) had a dominant effect on corruption prevention (Y); d) competence (X2) and leadership (X3) negatively affected the corruption prevention. This study contributed to lowering the corruption perception index by strengthening organizational culture and internal control, while strengthening competence and leadership must be followed by anti-corruption awareness.

In two decades, the Icelandic prevention model (IPM) has been employed to dramatically reduce rates of adolescent substance use in Iceland. Briefly, the IPM is a multisectoral, community-based, collaborative system where researchers, policy makers, administrative leaders, and practitioners join forces to reduce the odds of adolescent substance use over time. Comparatively, Iceland now ranks among the lowest in adolescent substance use in all of Europe. Since 2005, the IPM has garnered considerable international attention, and several countries or municipalities within them have adapted, or are presently adapting, the model to their needs. In this commentary, we first briefly review the history and formation of the IPM in Iceland from a school-based survey to a fully integrated prevention system. In the second part, we present a short overview of the national consensus building and institutional collaboration that led to the implementation of the model in Chile in Latin America, as a demonstrative example. In this volume of Health Promotion Practice, we also present a series of two practice-based articles that introduce the IPM. The first article, titled “Development and Guiding Principles of the Icelandic Model for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use,” introduces the theoretical origins of the model, five guiding principles, and evidence of effectiveness to date. In the second article, titled “Implementing the Icelandic Model for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use,” we outline 10 practice-based steps to guide model implementation in other countries. Both articles are available via open access, and both are also available online in Spanish.

Controlling an epidemiological model is often performed using optimal control theory techniques for which the solution depends on the equations of the control system, objective functional and possible state and/or control constraints. In this paper, we propose a model-free control approach based on an algorithm that operates in 'real-time' and drives the state solution according to a direct feedback on the state solution that is aimed to be minimized, and without knowing explicitly the equations of the control system. We consider a concrete epidemic problem of minimizing the number of HIV infected individuals, through the preventive measure pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) given to susceptible individuals. The solutions must satisfy control and mixed state-control constraints that represent the limitations on PrEP implementation. Our model-free based control algorithm allows to close the loop between the number of infected individuals with HIV and the supply of PrEP medication 'in real time', in such manner that the number of infected individuals is asymptotically reduced and the number of individuals under PrEP medication is below a fixed constant value. We prove the efficiency of our approach and compare the model-free control solutions with the ones obtained using a classical optimal control approach via Pontryagin maximum principle. The performed numerical simulations allow us to conclude that the model-free based control strategy highlights new and interesting performances compared with the classical optimal control approach., Comment: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published open access by 'Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering' (ISSN: 1551-0018) at [https://www.aimspress.com/mbe/article/5926/special-articles]

The objective of this chapter was to describe the most relevant aspects of prematurity in asymptomatic patients. Through a review of the literature, we will discuss the most effective strategies to predict and prevent prematurity in asymptomatic women with single or multiple pregnancies. Clinical predictions are greatly limited, and the use of cervical length measurements and biochemical markers for certain risk groups improves prediction strategies, although with limited sensitivity. Quantitative fibronectin testing has advantages, and its association with cervical length measurements improves predictive quality. Primary prevention should be undertaken in all patients. Single-pregnancy patients should be treated with progesterone, cerclage, or pessary, the latter having the least precise indication. In twin pregnancies, although the data are more conflicting, there seems to be specific possibilities for the use of progesterone, cerclage, and pessary. Great advances have been made in this field; however, only select subgroups of women seem to benefit from these results. Further studies are necessary to further explain conflicting data regarding the best prediction and prevention model for asymptomatic women, especially for patients considered at low risk.

Many of society's systemic implicit biases against older persons predate COVID-19. A perfect storm of these biases now rages against older persons much more explicitly and visibly during the COVID-19 pandemic. They comprise of blends of discrimination based on age ("ageism"), multiplied by the prejudice against persons with mental symptoms (mentalism), and by notions against persons with disabilities (ableism). The collective result of this tragedy has caused a devastating impact on older persons' lives and flagrant violation of their human rights. We explore the evidence to better understand the drivers of these biases and ways to mitigate their impact. We also review strategies to alleviate the effects of ageism, mentalism, and ableism using a prevention model.

The strategy of any organization is based on the growth of its customer base, and one of 6 its principles is that selling a product to an existing customer is much more profitable than acquiring 7 a new customer. However, this approach has several opportunities for improvement, since it usu- 8 ally has a totally reactive approach, which does not give opportunity to the areas specialized in 9 customer experience and recovery, to give an effective response for that moment, since the customer 10 is gone at the time of the intervention. This happens because usually a diagnostic analysis of cus- 11 tomers who have stopped buying products or services in a defined period, commonly three (3) pe- 12 riods or months, is performed. This paper challenges the way to face this problem, and proposes 13 the development of a complete solution, which does not focus exclusively on the prediction of 14 churn, as is usually done in the state of the art research, but to intervene in different interactions 15 that can be carried out with customers. The above focused not only to prevent customer churn, but 16 to generate an added value of continuous improvement in sales processes, increase customer pene- 17 tration, leading to an improvement in customer experience and consequently, an increase in cus- 18 tomer loyalty.

The strategy of any organization is based on the growth of its customer base, and one of 5 its principles is that selling a product to an existing customer is much more profitable than acquiring 6 a new customer. However, this approach has several opportunities for improvement, since it usu- 7 ally has a totally reactive approach, which does not give opportunity to the areas specialized in 8 customer experience and recovery, to give an effective response for that moment, since the customer 9 is gone at the time of the intervention. This happens because usually a diagnostic analysis of cus- 10 tomers who have stopped buying products or services in a defined period, commonly three (3) pe- 11 riods or months, is performed. This thesis work challenges the way to face this problem, and pro- 12 poses the development of a complete solution, which does not focus exclusively on the prediction 13 of churn, as is usually done in the state of the art research, but to intervene in different interactions 14 that can be carried out with customers. The above focused not only to prevent customer churn, but 15 to generate an added value of continuous improvement in sales processes, increase customer pene- 16 tration, leading to an improvement in customer experience and consequently, an increase in cus- 17 tomer loyalty.

The strategy of any organization is based on the growth of its customer base, and one of 5 its principles is that selling a product to an existing customer is much more profitable than acquiring 6 a new customer. However, this approach has several opportunities for improvement, since it usu- 7 ally has a totally reactive approach, which does not give opportunity to the areas specialized in 8 customer experience and recovery, to give an effective response for that moment, since the customer 9 is gone at the time of the intervention. This happens because usually a diagnostic analysis of cus- 10 tomers who have stopped buying products or services in a defined period, commonly three (3) pe- 11 riods or months, is performed. This paper challenges the way to face this problem, and proposes 12 the development of a complete solution, which does not focus exclusively on the prediction of 13 churn, as is usually done in the state of the art research, but to intervene in different interactions 14 that can be carried out with customers. The above focused not only to prevent customer churn, but 15 to generate an added value of continuous improvement in sales processes, increase customer pene- 16 tration, leading to an improvement in customer experience and consequently, an increase in cus- 17 tomer loyalty.

The strategy of any organization is based on the growth of its customer base, and one of its principles is that selling a product to an existing customer is much more profitable than acquiring a new customer. However, this approach has several opportunities for improvement, since it usually has a totally reactive approach, which does not give opportunity to the areas specialized in customer experience and recovery, to give an effective response for that moment, since the customer is gone at the time of the intervention. This happens because usually a diagnostic analysis of customers who have stopped buying products or services in a defined period, commonly three (3) periods or months, is performed. This thesis work challenges the way to face this problem, and proposes the development of a complete solution, which does not focus exclusively on the prediction of churn, as is usually done in the state of the art research, but to intervene in different interactions that can be carried out with customers. The above focused not only to prevent customer churn, but to generate an added value of continuous improvement in sales processes, increase customer penetration, leading to an improvement in customer experience and consequently, an increase in customer loyalty.

The mechanism of coal and gas outbursts tends to be more complex after entering the deep part of a coal mine from the shallow ground. As deep coal roadway outbursts change from gas-dominated to geostress-dominated, it is imperative to explore how to prevent outbursts of deep geostress-dominated coal roadways. Because the fracture zone of surrounding rocks in deep roadways is far larger than that in shallow roadways, this research considered the pressure relief field for a deep roadway. The first pressure relief field in the horizontal and vertical directions was 1.3 times and 2.05 times, respectively, greater than the roadway diameter based on data analysis, while the second pressure relief field in the horizontal and vertical directions was 1.8 and 2.8 times, respectively, greater than the roadway diameter. The range of the pressure relief of the second pressure relief field was 1.4 times greater than that of the first one in both the horizontal and vertical directions. With the action of the pressure relief field, the strip of the overlying coal roadway would produce a pressure relief area, a stress concentration area and the original coalbed area. Then, we proposed a dual pressure relief and outburst prevention model and applied it in the Qujiang Coal Mine. With the supplementation of hydraulic technology, this model released pressure from the floor rock roadway and drilled boreholes across beds to extract gas. The application showed that releasing pressure in the strip zone of the coal roadway was very effective in preventing an outburst. The hazards produced by both the geostress of the roof and floor rocks and the coalbed gas were removed so that the coal roadway could be excavated in a safe and rapid manner.

Anemia among pregnant women, especially in developing countries is still becoming problematic. Although several programs implemented, they showed a modest impact on the reduction. It is essential to develop the efficient approach for tackling this problem. This study was aimed to identify and develop the model of anemia associated modality care that can be used for preventing and managing of anemia during pregnancy. This research was a cross-sectional study of creating a prevention model using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM PLS) technique. This technique was to find out which indicator variables has the direct and indirect influence of causing anemic pregnant women. This research was conducted in the Kaduhejo, Pandeglang, Banten in 2018 and involved 258 pregnant women living with their families. These respondents were recruited using multistage cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted by a questionnaire to identify the pregnant women characteristics and maternal knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and family support. The models were constructed to arrange the intervention module as well as analyzing model using SEM-PLS. The results of this study showed that exogenous variables had a statistically significant T value reflected on the variable> 1.96, thus indicating that the indicator block had a positive and significant effect of reflecting the variable. In conclusion, anemia among pregnant women influenced by direct factors, such as family support, maternal knowledge and perception.

Religious radicalism is a serious problem faced by many countries in the world, including Indonesia. Various efforts have been made by authorities to prevent the emergence of religious radicalism. One model of the efforts for preventing religious radicalism is the assimilation-based model. The purpose of this study is to examine some factors triggering religious radicalism, and the application of the assimilation-based model for the prevention of religious radicalism in Lombok society. This research uses qualitative approach. The data are collected through observation, interview and documentation methods. These data are then analyzed by following Miles and Huberman’s suggestion, consisting of data reduction, presentation and verification. This research finds out that, firstly, the main factor causing religious radicalism is due to lack of education among people; a situation which makes these people easily compromise radical doctrines without further critical thoughts. Secondly, the application of religious radicalism prevention model has to be accompanied by government’s policies and civil’s participation in social, cultural, and economic empowerment. In addition, it is important to conduct religious activities that create good atmosphere for all parties in conflict. This research concludes that religious radicalism can be prevented by social assimilation.

Introduction The Ratu's Model is a nursing model to prevent postpartum depression, is a product of Ratu's dissertation. Depression is one of the common psychological problem experienced by postpartum women. The number is estimated to reach 20% in Indonesia, 15–20% in the Riau Province, and must to be pressed to 1%. Objectives This study aims to identify the effectiveness of Ratu's Model to prevent postpartum depression. Method Quasi-experiment research alongside with pre–post test analysis of the control group, number of the respondents was undergone among 54 women pregnant and the spouses in each intervention and control group. Educational intervention was given toward intervention group for 3 times, with 3 times monitoring, and 3 times measurement. Result A significant correlation between Ratu's Model with lowered postpartum depression incidence. Conclusion The Ratu's Model is effective lowering the incidence of postpartum depression.

El sector de servicios financieros enfrenta desafíos en el desarrollo de actividades que requieren la utilización de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, debido a que están expuestas a una serie de riesgos como cibercrímen, que pueden afectar la confianza en la marca de la empresa y en el servicio. Con el fin de hacer frente a estos desafíos, ACH Colombia desarrolló un proyecto para anticipar y prevenir los riesgos relacionados con los crímenes informáticos, utilizando herramientas que faciliten el análisis de información para la toma de decisiones. Adicionalmente, ha diseñado e implementado un modelo de prevención especial para el botón de pagos, que es uno de los servicios que esta compañía presta a las entidades financieras, personas jurídicas y naturales y entidades públicas. El presente artículo pretende presentar algunos resultados del proyecto.

In Hungary, the number of offenses related to migration and persons with an immigrant background is small. However, the phenomenon of migration in the media generates serious emotions. This can create clusters and trigger emotions that trigger violations in individuals. The phenomenon of migration carries both positive and negative effects. One of the most negative effects of all the negative effects is how to transform our thinking. This can be seen in the relationship between people with an immigrant background and those in the host country. In my study, I investigate the lonely perpetrator of the phenomenon of migration, focusing on prevention issues. A lone offender may appear among both the host and the person with an immigrant background. I show how criminal dogmatic and preventive models work or do not work. At the end of the study, based on the concept of a lone offender, I present a possible prevention model using preventive or predictive profiling.

The national context of Sweden is particularly illustrative for international research, in that bullying and degrading treatment have been a central aspect of policy-making for some time. In Sweden, schools and municipalities are obliged to produce detailed action plans to counteract bullying. The aim of this study is to describe and analyse how practitioners in schools, during implementation of the Municipality Bullying Prevention Model (MBPM), change the way they work and apply decentralised reasoning to prevent bullying. This study makes use of an action-research approach. In the project, bullying prevention is addressed by the participating schools. The findings indicate that practitioners introduced various measures in different places and at different levels during implementation of the MBPM. It also became apparent that bullying prevention work needs to build on a school’s contextual knowledge and have a whole-school approach.

The issue of human trafficking is increasing in every year and victims are mostly women and children. After 11 years of law endorsement, Act No. 21 in 2007 on the eradication of trafficking crime, the rate of human trafficking has actually increased in Indonesia and across the world. The purpose of this research is to establish a model of Womens trafficking prevention based on economic empowerment. Quantitative was collected by distributed questionnaires to 250 participants about community knowledge of trafficking. Qualitative was collected by indept interview to a male traffickers, 2 government officials, 10 community members, and 1 victim. We use percentage analysis to know about knowlegde trafficking. Qualitative approach to demonstrate how to prevent women’s trafficking. We find many communities do not understand about human trafficking. Their knowledge of human trafficking is lacking. The governments program to empower women is not specific to prevent human trafficking. We design model of economic empowerment to prevent women’s trafficking.

This paper shows an elaborated model to try to stop the spread of COVID-19 cases everywhere and anytime. The main objective of this paper is to implement an alternative COVID-19 prevention model. This new model is entitled “the Free COVID-19 Areas (FCAs).” The FCA offers a serial of steps that can help to stop the fast spread of COVID-19 worldwide. Subsequently, the FCAs has five modules: Module-I: The COVID-19-GPS-Mapping; Module-II: The strategic planning by geographical area; Module-III: The national COVID-19 test; Module-IV: The green areas labeling (GAL); Module-V: The permanent cycle monitoring system (PCM-System).

Currently, the plagiarism is continuously seen in the academic fields. The one of the reasons is thought that the accurate application of plagiarism results in obscurity. To solve this issue related to the plagiarism, this study examines the typical examples of the plagiarism in recent years and surveys the relevant references of plagiarism, and proposes the general definition of the plagiarism from the aspect of "uniqueness." Moreover, this study considers the prevention of the plagiarism along the idea that attempts to prevent the plagiarism at the stage before plagiarism occurring. It is different from the ordinary idea that focuses on how to detect the plagiarism after it happened. We conceive the prevention model of the plagiarism based on that idea, design the application utilizing the model and show its mechanism.