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Background: The effectiveness of neurosurgical operating room (OR) checklists to improve communication, safety attitudes, and clinical outcomes is uncertain., Purpose: To develop, implement, and evaluate a post-operative neurosurgery operating room checklist., Methods: Four large academic medical centers participated in this study. We developed an evidence-based checklist to be performed at the end of every adult-planned or emergent surgery in which all team members pause to discuss key elements of the case. We used a prospective interrupted time series study design to assess trends in clinical and cost outcomes. Safety attitudes and communication among OR providers were also assessed., Results: There were 11,447 neurosurgical patients in the preintervention and 10,973 in the postintervention periods. After implementation, survey respondents perceived that postoperative checklists were regularly performed, important issues were communicated at the end of each case, and patient safety was consistently reinforced. Observed to expected (O/E) overall mortality rates remained less than one, and 30-day readmission rate, length of stay index, direct cost index, and perioperative venous thromboembolism and hematoma rates remained unchanged as a result of checklist implementation., Conclusion: A neurosurgical checklist can improve OR team communication; however, improvements in safety attitudes, clinical outcomes, and health system costs were not observed.

Objective: To describe neurosurgical patient and caregiver perceptions of provider communication, the impact of patient education, and their understanding of information given to them throughout the neurosurgical care trajectory., Methods: We organized focus groups composed of patients who had been hospitalized on the neurosurgical service at 5 urban academic tertiary referral hospitals within a large university health system, along with the patients' caregivers. During focus groups, we used semistructured questions to answer the study questions. Content analysis was used to analyze the data., Results: Forty-three patients and caregivers took part in 5 focus groups. In total we identified 12 coding categories (or topics) that were associated with patient and family information needs. Despite the fact all patients were receiving care within the same health system, often with the same care team and clinical environments, their experiences often could not have been more different. We found stark variations in how patients and caregivers described the quality of communication and patient education they received that affected their satisfaction. Satisfied patients and caregivers generally felt well informed and reported good understanding of the clinical care plan throughout the perioperative course, whereas dissatisfied patients struggled with unanswered questions, unmet information needs, and a sense of confusion throughout their care experience., Conclusions: Our study describes several unmet needs, finds inconsistencies in how information is delivered and a lack of patient-centered and caregiver-centered approaches to communication. Neurosurgery groups should identify unmet needs at their institution and implement strategies and interventions to improve the patient and caregiver experience., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)