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Nineteenth-century African American historians believed in the power of history to change minds, fight racial prejudice, make African Americans proud of their past and address their current condition. This history with an agenda relied in part on collective biographies, i. e. biographical sketches of great men and ( a few ) women. This essay will examine the way this pantheon was constructed in the early African American press as well as the first books by African American historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ce court essai évoque l’apport linguistique normatif du quotidien Haratch à l’arménien occidental, parlé par la majorité des Arméniens en exil dans les deux premiers tiers du 20e siècle. Des articles et éditoriaux par le fondateur du journal, Chavarch Missakian, et l’un de ses collaborateurs, l’écrivain et homme de presse Chavarch Nartouni, illustrent l’engagement de Haratch en défense de la langue arménienne occidentale et l’héritage linguistique qu’a représenté cet unique quotidien arménien en Europe, publié à Paris de 1925 à 2009.

The article analyzes two magazines produced by the Capuchin friars in two different regions, El Adalid Seráfico de Sevilla and El Heraldo Seráfico de Cartago, using a comparative methodology. It proposes to study these publications using the communication circuit developed by Robert Darnton, with an emphasis on the people involved in the processes of production, distribution, and consumption. Since the late 19th century, the Capuchin Order began financing magazines with doctrinal content and printing workshops wherever they were present. The objective of this study is to analyze the Capuchin magazines from a comparative perspective. [Extracted from the article]

In this article we intend to present some considerations (more than explanations) about the field of meanings of the words homeland and patriotism in Portugal in the aftermath of the Liberal Revolution of 1820. To this end, we will use as a reference a periodical called Patriota Portuense, published between January and December 1821 in Porto. The article is divided into two fundamental parts. Firstly, we will try to understand how the concepts of homeland and patriotism gained popularity in the educated and politicized circles of Enlightened Europe, especially in Spain, France and England. We chose these countries because of their preponderance in the experience of the first Portuguese liberalism and in the interpretations of the concepts under analysis, in the case of the last two even because of the experience and learning that exile will provide. In the second, we will focus on the revolutionary meaning that, with the military pronouncement of 1820, in Portugal, these terms definitively began to be enunciated through the Patriota Portuense. As we consider newspapers to be key analytical instruments for conceptual history, we will try to see, in an unstable political context, what meanings were attributed by this periodical to words and how it tried to act on reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'année 1932 marque le passage en France d'une pratique confidentielle à des formes multiples du ski de randonnée qui se détachent dans cette période. À une voie militaire du ski de randonnée qui persiste et où la domination de la Nature est recherchée symboliquement pour la formation des soldats, se développe une seconde voie, celle de l'« aventure », illustrée par la recherche de l'excellence et de la performance symbolisée plus particulièrement par l'essor des raids. Enfin, une voie « conviviale » vient compléter cette pluralité des formes de pratique du ski de randonnée en plaçant au cœur des préoccupations de ces pratiquants la recherche de loisirs où la logique contemplative de la Nature est valorisée. À travers cet article, il s'agit donc de montrer que la dynamique du ski de randonnée, présentée par les médias de cette époque, est non seulement exponentielle dans la France de l'entre-deux-guerres, mais aussi plurielle en termes de représentations sociales des formes de pratique de ce sport de montagne. The year 1932 marks the transition in France from a confidential practice to multiple forms of ski touring which stand out in this period. Alongside a military way of ski touring which persists and where the domination of Nature is symbolically sought for the training of soldiers, a second way is developing, the "adventure" way, illustrated by the search for excellence and the performance symbolized more particularly by the rise of raids. Finally, a "friendly" way completes this plurality of forms of ski touring by placing at the heart of the practitioners' concerns the search for leisure where the contemplative logic of Nature is valued. Through this article, it is therefore a question of showing that the dynamics of ski touring, presented by the media of this period, are not only exponential in France between the two wars but also plural in terms of representational forms of practice of this mountain sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Loin des principes de neutralité et d’objectivité habituellement cultivés par les médias, les émotions peuvent être au coeur même d’articles de presse quand elles relèvent à la fois du sujet et du traitement qui en est fait. Cette question de la saillance des émotions face à l’actualité a été particulièrement notable lors des attentats qui ont affectés Paris en 2015. Nous analyserons ici ce phénomène à l’oeuvre dans les titres d’articles publiés le 14 novembre, au lendemain de ces événements, quand l’information se cristallisait dans la stupeur, l’horreur et l’effroi. Nous montrerons comment l’utilisation du discours direct, en rapportant la parole de victimes, de soignants, de témoins ou de simples citoyens, a permis de construire une mosaïque émotionnelle collective, éminemment nécessaire pour appréhender la douleur avant l’étape du deuil et de la compréhension des événements qui venaient de se dérouler.

The Tri-Border Area between Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay is often seen as a lawless region, which ignores its character as a center of energy resources, commerce, and tourism. The focus of this article is to identify the representations about the region in Brazil’s two most widely read newspapers, the Folha de S.Paulo and O Globo, and if they reinforce these images. To do so, the concepts of framing and agenda-setting are used. A qualitative analysis was complemented by the use of NVivo software to detect the words most frequently associated with the region. The results indicate a predominance of issues related to illegalities in the press coverage, especially terrorism. Of the total texts about the Tri-Border Area published between 2011 and 2019, 55.5% in O Globo and 47% in Folha contained references to illegalities. The root terror- was present, respectively, in 39% and 40% of the texts. We conclude that the press coverage of the region does not follow specific events (event-driven). Members of security forces are the preeminent sources of reports, and the absence of dissonant voices tends to reinforce the region’s image of insecurity and the need for solutions that involve support border surveillance and control solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Les articles de presse sont une source sous-utilisée de renseignements locaux sur des questions de santé publique complexes et structurelles qui ne sont pas abordées dans les politiques ou prises en compte dans la collecte de données courantes. Nous avons appliqué des méthodes de revue systématique aux articles de presse en ligne et créé un ensemble de données sur les interventions et les initiatives des municipalités face aux problèmes de toilettes publiques durant la première année de la pandémie de COVID-19. L'utilisation de modèles fondés sur la consommation pour l'usage de toilettes a fait la manchette durant les périodes de fermeture et de confinement. Nos résultats ont montré que de nombreuses municipalités se sont attaquées à ces problèmes, mais largement en usant de mesures temporaires relatives à la pandémie, ne tenant pas compte des besoins des groupes marginalisés. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Outre-Mers: Revue d'Histoire Colonial et Impériale is the property of Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Outre-Mers: Revue d'Histoire Colonial et Impériale is the property of Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Outre-Mers: Revue d'Histoire Colonial et Impériale is the property of Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Outre-Mers: Revue d'Histoire Colonial et Impériale is the property of Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Outre-Mers: Revue d'Histoire Colonial et Impériale is the property of Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Outre-Mers: Revue d'Histoire Colonial et Impériale is the property of Societe Francaise d'Histoire d'Outre Mer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La presse est un moyen d’expression ou de formation de l’opinion. Les gouvernements peuvent donc difficilement s’en désintéresser dès lors que la presse a, sur le plan politique, des répercussions évidentes. Elle peut en effet créer d’importants courants d’opinions. Elle conditionne en toute hypothèse le monde intellectuel et moral dans lequel chacun se trouve plongé. En effet, la diffusion de l’information sous toutes ses formes peut causer dommage à autrui : atteinte à la réputation, à l’honneur, ou à l’intimité, perte de la clientèle en cas de campagne publicitaire dommageable orchestrée par l’annonceur ou l’agence de publicité et l’entreprise de presse. En d’autres termes, le professionnel de la presse, dans l’exerce de son métier, peut gravement causer préjudice qu’il doit par conséquent, réparer au cas où sa responsabilité civile est établie. Il y a ainsi une impérieuse nécessité de cogiter sur les mécanismes de droit pouvant permettre d’harmoniser ou de concilier la liberté, indispensable, de la presse avec les droits inaliénables et inviolables d’autrui. L’auteur qui cause dommage est tenu d’indemniser la victime du dommage. Cette réparation peut se faire soit à nature soit par équivalent.

Cette étude aborde les récits brefs d’anticipation parus dans la presse entre 1860 et 1940 qui traitent de sexualité. Trois veines distinctes de cette thématique sont envisagées en fonction de leur effet littéraire et pragmatique : l’anticipation gauloise, érotico-pornographique et fantaisiste.

Créé en 1857 par Charles Renouvier, le néologisme « uchronie » connaît un développement de son usage depuis le dernier quart du XIXe siècle. D’abord lié à l’œuvre de Renouvier, il s’autonomise peu à peu, le plus souvent employé dans la presse comme synonyme d’hypothèse historique. Les journaux conservateurs et maurassiens en usent afin de proposer des histoires alternatives, des futurs qui n’ont pas eu lieu, conformes à leurs convictions politiques. D’autres courants politiques et philosophiques s’emparent du terme – le mot montrant une grande plasticité idéologique dans ses usages –, ainsi que des auteurs convoquant des futurs non advenus avec une intention qui peut être ludique. L’article se propose d’étudier, à travers un corpus de presse constitué de journaux et revues (1857-1945), les divers usages et sens du mot « uchronie », les rapports que l’uchronie entretient avec le passé, le présent et l’avenir et les enjeux notamment idéologiques de l’usage de l’uchronie dans ses liens avec la science historique.

Dans l’entre-deux-guerres, la crise est ce qui donne sa cohérence à une large part des discours médiatiques – contaminant le fictionnel comme le non-fictionnel en un sensationnalisme général, argumentatif et narratif. Rhétorique événementielle et, contradictoirement, cadence ordinaire, la crise traverse l’ensemble des rubriques du journal et connecte l’aventure des romans d’anticipation à l’actualité. Ce genre, par ses relations étroites aux formes journalistiques, s’avère ainsi un témoin majeur des mutations du sensationnalisme dans la période, et permet de penser, autrement que sur un modèle de concurrence ou d’hybridation, la relation entre romanesque et information dans la production générale de la vraisemblance des récits médiatiques.

La présente étude s'intéresse aux nécrologies publiées dans la presse àl'occasion de la mort de Jules et surtout de celle d'Edmond de Goncourt. Grâce à Retronews et à Gallica nous avons pu estimer la façon dont la presse française appréhende ces deux décès à 26 ans d'intervalle.

This article seeks to understand the positions of three Rio de Janeiro journals, Careta, Fon-Fon and O Malho, in terms of a woman’s role in the concept of the “modern family” during the first half of the twentieth century, whether as a daughter, wife, or mother. Based on the concept of modern patriarchy, we seek to understand the new forms of patriarchy in republican Brazil and how these affected women’s behavior, their everyday lives in the family sphere and in social and power dynamics in private and public spaces, during this period of accelerated change. Based on this analysis, we consider how the press reported to its readers on marriages and separations and how it presented female desire through divorce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a study of the way Soviet authorities' discourses on music were received in France. The post-war period is very interesting in many aspects. The political landscape changed following Zhdanov and Stalin's deaths, and two decrees regarding music production were published in 1948 and 1958. The press bulletins of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as well as the journalistic and intellectual production with scholarly pretensions of the PCF inform us about the reception of Soviet music in the French public space. We understand the evolution of censorship in the USSR thanks to the discourse in France about the professional Soviet musician and about the Soviet opera. Since censorship in the USSR was not always controlled, it is appropriate to question the role of Soviet and French communist intellectuals. As such, we study socialist realism in music, but also the conflicts that the enforcement of such ideological principles produces. Moreover, although French sympathizers covered Soviet musical news extensively, we observe divergences of opinion resulting from the diversity of the editorial frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"O autor de si mesmo" and "Mineirinho" are both chronicles written as reactions to newspaper reports about cases of extreme violence. Both are also texts published in the mainstream media of their time: Gazeta de Notícias, in the case of Machado de Assis, and the magazine Senhor, in the case of Clarice Lispector. This article seeks to analyze these texts in parallel, in order to investigate the modalities of reaction to the violence that they embody. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Angebote kommerzieller und öffentlich-rechtlich getragener News-Provider auf Instagram. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf Postings und Accounts, die expressis verbis oder implizit ein junges Publikum zu erreichen suchen. Vorgestellt wird eine Typologie, mit der verschiedene Formate des Instagram-Journalismus unterschieden werden können: Mono-Epigramme, Karussell-Epigramme, Video-Epigramme, Reels und Stories. Anschließend werden vor dem Hintergrund des bekannten Medienkompetenzmodells von Dieter Baacke verschiedene Unterrichtsvorschläge unterbreitet. Abstract (english): Journalism on Instagram. A topic for German lessons?! This article examines German offerings of commercial and public service news providers on Instagram. A particular focus is on postings and accounts that expressis verbis or implicitly seek to reach a young audience. A multimodal typology is presented that can be used to distinguish different formats of Instagram journalism: Mono-epigrams, Carousel epigrams, Video epigrams, Reels and Stories. Subsequently, various teaching suggestions are made, using the background of Dieter Baacke‘s well-known media competence model.

The article analyzes the conflicting political discourses during the independence of South America, focusing on Peru and the figure of the liberator José de San Martín. The importance of propaganda warfare and journalistic struggle between Lima, Buenos Aires, and Santiago de Chile is highlighted. Various publications and studies addressing this topic are mentioned, such as books on political press, political culture, and the representation of independence in different Latin American countries. The article seeks to understand the different perspectives and debates that arose during this historical period. [Extracted from the article]

Based on the concepts of modernity of the public space, of liberal exile and Hispanic American experience, the present article intends to examine Cipriano Barata's and Frei Caneca's transcripts in Correio do Rio de Janeiro, in 1823, while its editor João Soares Lisboa was in prison for being accused of "colluding with Republicans". These editions discussed civic virtues, the Emperor's morality, and the idealization of what Soares Lisboa called a "Monarchical-Democratic" government and disseminated, in the Court, the ruling center of the Empire, a project for Brazil that fought the Upper House and defended provincial autonomy in a federal arrangement, with broad citizen participation in government, formation of militias and restriction of the monarch's powers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Dank ihrer Lage und Geschichte entwickelte die Stadt Novi Sad (deutsch Neusatz, ungarisch Újvidék) seit der Gründung eine multikulturelle und multiethnische Identität. Lange Zeit waren die Deutschen eine der drei größten Volksgruppen (neben Serben und Ungarn), die diese Freistadt bewohnten. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg hat doch die Mehrheit der Donauschwaben Novi Sad verlassen und obwohl ihre Spuren in der Stadt noch sichtbar sind, sind sie immer schwieriger zu finden. Aus dem Grund widmen wir uns der Inhaltsanalyse der deutschsprachigen Presse, die seit dem neunzehnten Jahrhundert in Novi Sad veröffentlicht wurde, mit dem Ziel das Leben der Deutschen in Novi Sad zu rekonstruieren und Einsichten über einen wichtigen Aspekt der Geschichte dieser multikulturellen Donaustadt zu gewinnen. Die Untersuchung hat ergeben, dass infolge der politischen Ereignisse im neunzehnten und zwanzigsten Jahrhundert die Identität der Donauschwaben immer problematischer wurde. Trotzdem widmeten sie sich in zahlreichen Presseorganen wichtigen Lebens- und Alltagsthemen wie Arbeit, Religion, Sozialwesen, Bildung und Erziehung, sowie Unterhaltung. Nicht nur, dass die deutschsprachige Presse dadurch der Multikulturalität der Stadt beigetragen hat, sondern es waren viele Deutsche auch für die Welt außerhalb ihrer Gemeinde und Region offen, was dem multikulturellen Geist der Stadt selbst entsprach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]