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Ensiling allows for more efficient pasture utilization in kikuyu (Cenchrus clandestinus Hochst. ex Chiov.)-based forage systems. However, the chemical composition of kikuyu challenges this process. Additives can improve the quality of kikuyu silage. This study aimed to evaluate how the organoleptic, fermentative, and nutritive traits of kikuyu (90-d regrowth) were affected by three inoculants [farm-made inoculants (FMI), Efficient Microorganisms (EMI), and a commercial inoculant] compared with a control. We hypothesized that FMI and EMI would perform similarly to the commercial inoculant on kikuyu silage. The control treatment had lower scores for odor, but texture, moisture and color were adequate and similar among treatments. Kikuyu silage had similar concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (2.72–3.23%) among treatments, with the pH (5.04–5.20) and buffering capacity [95–111 meq NaOH 100 g–1 dry matter (DM)] indicating resistance to acidification. The DM of kikuyu silage (20.7–21.0%) was similar to the forage prior to ensiling. The crude protein (8.13–8.69%) and ash (15.5–16.8%) concentrations indicated the forage's advanced maturity and were not affected by the inoculants. Mean neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was similar for FMI and EMI (54.8 and 54.8%) compared with the control and commercial inoculant (58.5 and 62.8%), and kikuyu silage had lower concentrations than fresh forage. In vitro DM digestibility was similar among treatments (55.7–59.0%). There was no clear advantage of using inoculants to ensile kikuyu grass, but the variation in NDF and hemicellulose concentrations in the control treatment suggests that kikuyu silages may benefit from inoculants. Universidad de Costa Rica/[739-B0-091]/UCR/Costa Rica UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal (CINA)

RESUMEN El crecimiento de la población mundial ha causado un aumento en la demanda de alimentos de origen animal, en donde el ganado bovino se ha convertido en una de las especies más importantes económicamente hablando, a raíz de los altos costos de concentrados se ha generado interés en la búsqueda de alternativas de alimentación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento de algunos parámetros zootécnicos en terneros suplementados con diferentes inclusiones de FES papa- zanahoria. Se establecieron cuatro grupos con una alimentación base de leche y forraje, dos grupos fueron suplementados con 6 y 9 g/kg/PV de alimento FES papa- zanahoria, un grupo con 6 g de concentrado balanceado y un grupo control. Las variables evaluadas fueron ganancia de peso, altura de la cruz y consumo de alimento. Los animales del T2 y T3, alcanzaron un peso final estadísticamente superior (p

The growth of the world population has caused an increase in the demand for food of animal origin, where cattle have become one of the most important species economically speaking; due to the high costs of concentrates, interest has been generated in the search for feeding alternatives. The objective of this work was to determine the behavior of some zoo technical parameters in calves supplemented with different of FES potato-carrot inclusions. Four groups were established with a basic diet of milk and forage, two groups were supplemented with 6 and 9 g/kg/PV of FES-carrot feed, one group with 6 g of balanced concentrate and the control group. The variables evaluated were weight gain, height at the withers and food consumption. The animals of T2 and T3 reached a statistically higher final weight (p, El crecimiento de la población mundial ha causado un aumento en la demanda de alimentos de origen animal, en donde el ganado bovino se ha convertido en una de las especies más importantes económicamente hablando; a raíz de los altos costos de concentrados se ha generado interés en la búsqueda de alternativas de alimentación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento de algunos parámetros zootécnicos en terneros suplementados con diferentes inclusiones de FES papa- zanahoria. Se establecieron cuatro grupos con una alimentación base de leche y forraje, dos grupos fueron suplementados con 6 y 9 alimento FES papa- zanahoria, un grupo con 6 g de concentrado balanceado y un grupo control. Las variables evaluadas fueron: ganancia de peso, altura de la cruz y consumo de alimento. Los animales del T2 y T3, alcanzaron un peso final estadísticamente superior (p, O crescimento da população mundial causou um aumento na demanda por alimentos de origem animal, onde o gado se tornou uma das espécies mais importantes economicamente falando; Devido ao alto custo dos concentrados, foi gerado interesse na busca de alternativas alimentares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o comportamento de alguns parâmetros zootécnicos em bezerros suplementados com diferentes inclusões de cenoura-batata FES. Quatro grupos foram estabelecidos com uma dieta básica de leite e forragem, dois grupos foram suplementados com 6 e 9 g/kg/PV de ração FES-cenoura, um grupo com 6 g de concentrado balanceado e um grupo controle. As variáveis ​​avaliadas foram: ganho de peso, estatura na cernelha e consumo alimentar. Os animais de T2 e T3 atingiram um peso final estatisticamente maior (p

Objective: This study investigated the consumption behaviours of healthcare professionals in relation to red meat and processed red meat products.Design: This study included a questionnaire conducted through face-to-face interviews with 149 health professionals. The purpose of the questionnaire was to determine the extent to which health professionals agreed with the WHO classification of red meat and processed red meat on their list of carcinogenic products.Setting: This research was carried out in İzmir, which is Turkey's third largest city. The survey was conducted in 2016 by holding face to face interviews with forty-three specialist doctors, sixteen doctors, twelve dentists, sixty-four nurses and fourteen pharmacists.Subjects: Nationally representative sample of healthcare professionals in Turkey.Results: People educated in healthcare are especially cautious about the consumption of processed red meat products. The results of the research revealed the importance of processing and cooking patterns in red meat consumption preferences.Conclusions: The consequences of the research, in terms of breaking down prejudices and overcoming the anxieties of those with health concerns who do not consume red meat, are important. In fact, the results show that healthcare professionals consume red meat, but they are more careful in their consumption of processed red meat products. This result is in line with the WHO report. © 2019 The Authors., 2015-ZRF-047, Acknowledgements: The authors thank all the healthcare professionals who have given their precious time during the fieldwork and patiently answered the questions and sincerely responded. Financial support: This work was supported by the Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination (Project No: 2015-ZRF-047). Conflict of interest: None. Authorship: We worked together with N.D. in this study which I am responsible author. Also she is supervisor in my master course and ongoing PhD process. She has numerous national and international notifications and articles in the areas of food safety and food economics. N.D. teaches at university in these fields. This work contains a section from O.S.A.’s completed master thesis. The questionnaire form was designed and analysed together. Fieldwork was done by O.S.A. The Turkish language of this study was written together and translated by N.D. into English. It was send to a native speaker for proofreading by O.S.A., who can offer the paper showing that this work is edited by a native English speaker, if requested. Ethics of human subject participation:This study was conducted according to guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving human subjects were approved by the Ege University. Verbal consent was witnessed and formally recorded.

Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a commonly diagnosed cancer in Southeast Asia. Many studies have examined the risk factors for NPC, yet the roles of some risk factors remain inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between modifiable lifestyle factors and the risk of NPC in the Singaporean population. Methods We conducted a case–control study in Singapore with 300 patients and 310 controls who were recruited between 2008 and 2012. Each control was selected and individually matched to each patient based on sex, ethnicity, and age (±5 years). A total of 290 pairs of cases and controls were matched successfully. We examined lifestyle factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, various salted and preserved food consumption, and weaning practices. Results After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis showed that those participants who were current smokers and had ever smoked tobacco had a higher risk of NPC than participants who had never smoked, with odds ratios (ORs) of 4.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.58–7.86; P

Submitted by Fabiano Jucá (fjuca@unicentro.br) on 2019-02-20T16:31:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_final_egon.pdf: 1400792 bytes, checksum: 97767437cd074929e41e0e1f0d44aec0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-20T16:31:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_final_egon.pdf: 1400792 bytes, checksum: 97767437cd074929e41e0e1f0d44aec0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-25 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES The use of preserved foods, such as pre-dried silage of winter cereals, are becoming a tool for intensive system maintenance. However, the quantity and quality of forage produced by winter cereals depends on several factors, which we point out the variability between species, genotypes of the same species and their adaptabilities to different environmental conditions. This study aims to measure the productivity of twelve cultivars from winter cereals harvested in preflourishing stadium in Guarapuava-PR region, and to evaluate the nutritional quality of forage and the resulting pre-dried silage. As experimental material we used black oat (Avena strigosa) cv. EMB 139 and cv. IAPAR 61; white oat (Avena sativa) cv. IPR and 126 hp. URS Taura; barley (Hordeum vulgare) cv. BRS Brau and cv. BRS Cauê; wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. BRS Umbu and cv. BRS Tarumã; rye (Secale cereale) cv. Temprano and cv. BRS Serrano; and triticale (X Triticosecale) cv. IPR and 111 hp. BRS Saturn. Triticale cv. IPR 111 was the earliest producer of pre-dried in pre-flowering stage (94 days). The oat cv. IAPAR 61 and oat cv. IPR 126 were the most productive. Triticale cv. IPR 111 was shown as a high quality nutritional food as fodder, and kept these characteristics after preservation (21471 e 20684 kg GM ha-1). While the pre-dried silage barley cv. BRS Cauê showed the greatest potential for nutrient degradability (61.47% of TDN). In addition, it was noted that variations on the composition of the fiber and ruminal degradation kinetics between species and cultivars, however, all materials studied showed good degradability. It was observed similarity between the degradability results of forage and pre-dried silage, having the same trends. Barley cv. BRS Brau had the highest hemicellulose content in its composition (31.9%), however, the IPR 111 triticale was the treatment with the highest potential degradability, both as fodder as pre-dried silage. A utilização de alimentos conservados, como a silagem pré-secada de cereais de inverno, vêm se tornando uma ferramenta para manutenção da produtividade do sistema pecuário intensivo. No entanto, a quantidade e a qualidade da forragem produzida pelos cereais de inverno são dependentes de diversos fatores, dos quais cabe destacar a variabilidade entre as espécies, entre genótipos de mesma espécie, e suas adaptabilidades às diferentes condições ambientais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo mensurar a produtividade de doze cultivares de cereais de inverno colhidas em estádio de pré-floresciemento na região de Guarapuava-PR, além de avaliar a qualidade nutricional da forragem e da silagem présecada resultante. Como material experimental utilizou-se aveia preta (Avena strigosa) cv. EMB 139 e cv. IAPAR 61; aveia branca (Avena sativa) cv. IPR 126 e cv. URS Taura; cevada (Hordeum vulgare) cv. BRS Brau e cv. BRS Cauê; trigo (Triticum aestivum) cv. BRS Umbu e cv. BRS Tarumã; centeio (Secale cereale) cv. Temprano e cv. BRS Serrano; e triticale (X Triticosecale) cv. IPR 111 e cv. BRS Saturno. O triticale cv. IPR 111 foi o mais precoce pra produção de pré-secado em estádio de pré-florescimento (94 dias). A aveia preta cv. IAPAR 61 e a aveia branca cv. IPR 126 foram as mais produtivas (21.471 e 20.684 kg de MV ha-1). O triticale cv. IPR 111 se mostrou como um alimento de alta qualidade nutricional enquanto forragem, e manteve essas características após conservação. Já a silagem pré-secada da cevada cv. BRS Cauê apresentou o maior potencial de degradabilidade de nutrientes (61,47% de NDT). Além disso, notou-se variações sobre a composição da fibra e a cinética de degradação ruminal entre espécies e cultivares, porém, todos os materiais estudados apresentaram boa degradabilidade. Observou-se similaridade entre os resultados de degradabilidade da forragem e da silagem pré-secada, tomando as mesmas tendências. A cevada cv. BRS Brau obteve o maior teor de hemicelulose em sua composição (31,9%), porém, o triticale IPR 111 foi o tratamento com maior potencial de degradabilidade, tanto como forragem quanto silagem pré-secada.

Preserved foods have been found in some studies to be associated with increased cancer risks. The possible relationship between preserved foods and prostate cancer was investigated in a case-control study in southeast China during 2001-2002 covering 130 histologically confirmed cases and 274 inpatient controls without malignant disease. The total amount of preserved food consumed was positively associated with cancer risk, the adjusted odds ratio being 7.05 (95% CI: 3.12-15.90) for the highest relative to the lowest quartile of intake. In particular, the consumption of pickled vegetables, fermented soy products, salted fish and preserved meats was associated with a significant increase in prostate cancer risk, all with a significant dose-response relationship.

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar o enlatamento da anchoita, a característica química do produto e determinar a qualidade e a aceitabilidade da conserva em molho com tomate. O pescado selecionado, a anchoita, foi capturado na costa sul do Rio Grande do Sul, o molho de cobertura foi o concentrado de tomate e as latas utilizadas, de folhas de flandres. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à composição proximal, prova de Kreiss, valor energético, teste de esterilidade comercial, rendimento do conteúdo da conserva e teste de aceitação por escala hedônica. Os teores de umidade, proteínas, lipídeos e cinzas foram respectivamente de 74,2%, 19,3%, 3,8% e 2,3%, sendo que um dos três lotes analisados apresentou resultado positivo na prova de Kreiss. A conserva de anchoita apresentou valor energético de 112,7 kcal/100 g. No teste de esterilidade comercial, todos os lotes estavam em conformidade com a legislação. Na avaliação de rendimento e da característica sensorial, a conserva apresentou mais de 50% de conteúdo sólido em relação ao total e o índice de aceitabilidade foi de 89,9%. As amostras de conserva avaliadas neste estudo estavam de acordo com a legislação vigente e, em relação ao seu consumo, o produto foi bem aceito pelos 51 julgadores. This study was conducted to evaluate the canning process of anchoita (Engraulis anchoita), the chemical and quality features and the acceptability of canned anchovy preserved in tomato sauce. The analyzed product was the anchoita caught in the south coast of the Rio Grande do Sul, preserved in concentrated tomato sauce and canned in tinplate cans. The analyses were performed by determining the proximal composition, Kreiss test, energetic value, commercial sterility test, yield of canned contents, and the acceptance testing by hedonic scale. The moisture, protein, fat, and ash contents were 74.2%, 19.3%, 3.8%, 2.3%, respectively, and one of the three analyzed lots showed positive Kreiss test. The energetic value of the anchoita was 112.7 kcal/100 g. In the commercial sterility test, all of the product lots were in compliance with the legislation. In the evaluation of yields and sensory quality, the canned fish showed more than 50% of solid contents in relation to the total amount and the acceptability rate was of 89.9%, respectively. The samples evaluated in this study have showed that the canned fish are in accordance with the legislation in force, and it consumption was well accepted by 51 tasters.

Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010