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Since from many decades man is being using natural resources in many ways in this society, he has also conserved energy, which has made him too led comfort life. Advancement of conductive polymers heavily relies on the study of various piezoelectric rich polymer energy sources and their features since these materials are the easiest to come by in nature, affordable, environmentally acceptable, and have strong electrical potency. In the present research work Barium Zirconate Titanate (BZT) is a piezoelectric enhanced material and its performance is studied. By using the hydrothermal approach and the Co-precipitate gel technique, BZT nano materials were effectively synthesized and studied the electrical behavior performances. The BZT nano composite synthesized, exhibited Ba (Zr0.25Ti0.75) O3) phase was added polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer matrix which was prepared by simple solvent casting process. The XRD and SEM have revealed purity phase and formation of BZT nano particles have composited along with α and β-phase PVDF polymer. The prime electrical properties such as dielectric conductivity, dielectric loss, and dielectric constant parameters of Barium Zirconate Titanate (BZT)-polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were evaluated and further analyzed in detail with consideration of different frequencies in dielectric studies. Maximum dielectric loss with regard to frequency was observed in 0.5%BZT-PVDF films, which have witnessed for high dielectric stability, and the conductivity was raised with 0.5%BZT based PVDF polymer films as compared to pure PVDF polymer. Our experimental studies demonstrate the strong frequency dependence of dielectric parameters including real and imaginary modulus as well as dielectric loss. Additionally, the investigation has provided convincing evidence for the pure PVDF polymer film's melting point and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), which helps us understand the stability of conductive polymers.

Introduction: This retrospective study conducted at the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, included all cases of Neuroblastomas received during the 5year period- January 2004 to December 2008. Materials and Methods: Resected specimens and Incisional biopsy specimen’s/ lymph nodes of size more than 2x2 cm were included as per International Neuroblastoma Pathology Committee (I.N.P.C) criteria. The specimens were then classified into Undifferentiated (confirmed by Immunohistochemistry), Poorly Differentiated and Differentiating. Patient details and 3 year Follow up were obtained by communication with treating doctors and reviewing hospital records. Results: During the 5 year period we received 38 specimens of Neuroblastomas, one specimen was rejected as it was less than 2x2 cms. The study was hence carried forth on 37 cases- 27 post-chemotherap y and 10 pre-chemotherapy. The Clinicopathologic features studied included Age, Sex, Clinical presentation, Tumor location, Preoperative Chemotherapy and the Gross and Microscopic features. Mitotic Karyorrhectic Index (M.K.I) was determined in the ten pre-chemotherapy cases. Conclusion: The Ten Pre-chemotherapy Neuroblastomas were subclassified into Favorable and Unfavorable histology based on three parameters- Age, Histological Differentiation and M.K.I. Five cases belonged to Favorable group and Five to the Unfavorable group. One case was lost to follow up from both the groups respectively. The remaining 4 Favorable cases are doing well on follow up. In the Unfavorable group 3 cases expired and 1 is doing well. As M.K.I could not be determined, the 27 post -chemotherapy cases were followed up with age and histologic differentiation alone. Keywords: Neuroblastoma, Immunohistochemistry, Mitotic Karyorrhectic Index (M.K.I).

Diabetes is one of the major chronic diseases in all population which is a major health challenge. The diabetes developed during pregnancy is called Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The identification of GDM at early stages of the pregnancy is very important otherwise it will lead to major health issues both in mother and the baby. We developed a Data mining (DM) model to analyze the risk factors of GDM using different DM techniques. Dataset used for analysis contains the details of the pregnant women collected from the local hospital of Mysuru, India. The clustering and classification techniques used are k-means clustering, J48 Decision Tree, Random-Forest and Naive-Bayes classifier. Classification accuracy is enhanced by using feature subset selection wrapper approach. A balanced dataset is developed by using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE).Using accuracy the performances of classifiers are compared.

Introduction: This study conducted at the department of Pathology, Govt. Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram aimed at studying the morphologic spectrum of Peripheral Neuroblastic tumors based on the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Committee (INPC) criteria. Materials and Methods: The study included all cases of Peripheral Neuroblastic tumors received in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram during the period January 2004 to December 2008. Resected specimens and Incisional biopsy specimen’s/ lymph nodes of size more than 2x2 cm were included as per INPC criteria. Specimens were grossly and histopathologically studied and classified. Immunohistochemical markers were used only for undifferentiated neuroblastoma. Results: Of 56 cases received, one incisional biopsy was rejected. Of the remaining 55, 37 were Neuroblastomas (67%), 8 Ganglioneuroblastomas (15%) and 10 Ganglioneuromas (18%). The predominant type of Neuroblastoma received was Differentiated - 26 cases (70%). Among Ganglioneuroblastomas 50% were of the Nodular classical type and in Ganglioneuromas 100% were of the mature type. Conclusion: The morphological spectrum of Peripheral Neuroblastic tumors were analyzed in 55 cases which included 37 cases of Neuroblastomas, 8 Ganglioneuroblastomas and 10 Ganglioneuromas. Further subtyping based on the I.N.P.C classification showed Neuroblastomas- 26 Differentiating, 9 Poorly Differentiated and 2 Undifferentiated. Among the Ganglioneuroblastomas- 4 were Nodular Classical, 2 Variant and 2 Intermixed. All 10 Ganglioneuromas were mature. Keywords: Peripheral Neuroblastic tumors, Neuroblastoma, Ganglioneuroblastoma, Ganglioneuroma, Immunohistochemistry.

BACKGROUND The adrenal gland neoplasms include primary and metastatic malignant tumours. They can be functional or non-functional and also detected as incidentaloma lesions. Advanced imaging often reveals adrenal tumours and tumour-like conditions in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Even with the functional study and advanced imaging, preoperative diagnosis is always challenging. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of adrenal tumours performed during July 2014-April 2016 was done. Total 7 cases were included. Case records and histopathology reports were reviewed to collect data. RESULTS Majority were females (85%) with mean age of 50 years. 71% patients presented symptomatically and incidentaloma was noticed in 29%. Functional tumours were found in 71%. 42% discrepancy were noted between the radiological and final histopathological findings. 28% noted in benign lesions and 14% in malignant conditions. CONCLUSION In the current era, even though imaging can aid in diagnosis, histopathology still remains as gold standard investigation in adrenal tumours.