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15 results on '"Preisner, Klaus"'

9. Religiosität und Fertilität: eine empirische Untersuchung des Einflusses von Religiosität auf Elternschaft und Kinderzahl

Author

Sandmann, Tim, Preisner, Klaus, Sandmann, Tim, and Preisner, Klaus

Abstract

"Anhand der Daten der Allgemeinen Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften von 2012 wird für Ost- und Westdeutschland der Einfluss christlicher Religiosität auf a) die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Elternschaft und b) die Anzahl der Kinder mithilfe von Poisson-Logit-Hurdle-Modellen untersucht. Religiosität wird hierbei anhand des mehrdimensionalen Konzepts der Zentralität nach Huber gemessen. Zunächst wird geprüft, ob Religiosität einen Effekt auf Elternschaft und die realisierte Kinderzahl hat, was nur in Westdeutschland der Fall ist. Schließlich wird untersucht, über welche Mechanismen die vorgefundenen Effekte vermittelt werden, wobei als Mediatoren Kindernutzen, Fertilitätsnormen, Bewertung von Geburtenkontrolle, Geschlechterrollen sowie Eheaffinität berücksichtigt werden. Die Mediationsanalysen für Westdeutschland deuten darauf hin, dass religiöse Personen vor allem aufgrund ihrer stärkeren Präferenz für die Ehe häufiger den Übergang zur Elternschaft vollziehen. Obwohl die Mediatoren die erwarteten Zusammenhänge mit Religiosität und Familiengröße aufweisen, kann die höhere Kinderzahl religiöser Personen kaum mit den verwendeten Mediatoren erklärt werden." (Autorenreferat), "The effect of religiosity on a) the likelihood to have children, and b) the number of children is analyzed for East- and West-Germany using the Allgemeine Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften 2012 data and poisson-logit hurdle models. Religiosity is measured with Huber and Huber’s multidimensional concept of centrality. At first, the effect of religiosity on the likelihood to have children and the number of children is analyzed for East and West Germany – showing that religiosity influences fertility only in West Germany. Finally, mediator variables such as value of children, fertility norms, opinion on birth control, traditional gender roles as well as marriage patterns are used to explain why centrality increases fertility in West Germany. The analyses show that religious persons are more likely to have children, in particular because they more often marry. Although the mediator variables show the expected correlations with religiosity and family size, the mediators hardly explain the greater number of children in religious people." (author's abstract)

Published
2017

14. Endothelial Cells from Donor and Host Origin Contribute to Re-Vascularization in Islet Transplantation

Author

SCHNEIDER, KERSTIN, HAMMES, HANS-PETER, DEUTSCH, URBAN, BRANDHORST, DANIEL, MORGENSTERN, EBERHARDT, BRETZEL, REINHARDT G., PREISNER, KLAUS T., and LINN, THOMAS J.

Subjects
Pancreatic beta cells -- Transplantation, Diabetes -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

Islets of Langerhans are disrupted from the surrounding network of vessels by the isolation procedure. Transplantation of islets (Tx) into muscle tissue indicates that host vessels vascularize the graft. The [...]

Published
2000

15. Closing the Happiness Gap: The Decline of Gendered Parenthood Norms and the Increase in Parental Life Satisfaction

Author

Klaus Preisner, Julia M. Schaub, Franz Neuberger, Ariane Bertogg, University of Zurich, and Preisner, Klaus

Subjects
parenthood norms, Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, motherhood, fatherhood, life satisfaction, parenthood norms, Germany, gender, Fertility, fatherhood, Gender Studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 3312 Sociology and Political Science, Germany, gender, 050602 political science & public administration, life satisfaction, 10095 Institute of Sociology, media_common, 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology, motherhood, 05 social sciences, Closing (real estate), Life satisfaction, 0506 political science, 3318 Gender Studies, 050903 gender studies, 1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Happiness, ddc:300, Normative, Demographic economics, 0509 other social sciences, Psychology
Abstract

In recent decades, normative expectations for parenthood have changed for both men and women, fertility has declined, and work–family arrangements have become more egalitarian. Previous studies indicate that the transition to parenthood and work–family arrangements both influence life satisfaction and do so differently for men and women. Drawing on constructivism and utility maximization, we theorize how gendered parenthood norms influence life satisfaction after the transition to parenthood, and how decisions regarding motherhood and fatherhood are made in order to maximize life satisfaction. We hypothesize that the rise of gender-egalitarian patterns has contributed to closing the parental happiness gap, and that the effects of motherhood and fatherhood on life satisfaction have converged. We test these assumptions by drawing on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (1984-2015) and applying a series of hybrid panel regressions to estimate motherhood and fatherhood effects on life satisfaction in Western Germany over the last three decades. We then trace trends in these effects back to changing parenthood norms. The results indicate that the implications of parenthood have converged for men and women. As support for a gendered division of labor has lost ground, the transition to parenthood has become increasingly conducive to life satisfaction for both genders, and the parental happiness gap has vanished.

Published
2019

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