Search

Education for early childhood has undergone many changes. Challenges Technological developments require educators to be more creative in packaging learning models for students. During the era of the covid pandemic the learning process took place online. Now the pandemic is over and teaching and learning activities have returned to normal. This is a challenge for teachers, because teachers must be able to convey learning material more creatively. Combining technological developments with the needs of students at school. This study aims to determine the extent to which the use of technology in early childhood learning. The methods used included questionnaires, interviews and observations, by taking a sample of 26 schools in the Madiun City area. The results of the study show that all schools have utilized technology, but so far its use has been limited to learning media, such as the use of laptops, projectors, internet or OHPs. Technology has not been used directly in learning resources such as being used in educational games.

Human error is a mistake due to human negligence, both consciously and unconsciously, which can cause a system to experience disruption and not run as planned. These errors can occur at the managerial, conceptual, or technical level. One of the activities with a high potential for finding human error is construction activities. Construction activities are a series of activities that include the construction, operation, maintenance, demolition, and construction of a building. Infrastructure development is one of the government’s policy focuses in 2023, with development from four main areas: water resources, roads and bridges, settlements, and housing. These infrastructure projects must have a good quality because they are closely related to user safety and security. Based on data from the Social Security Organizing Agency (BPJS) Employment and statements from the Ministry of PUPR, the industrial sector is an enormous contributor to work accidents with an average percentage of 32% each year. The human factor is one of the forerunners of human error apart from equipment and working environment conditions. Viewed from the perspective of Cognitive System Engineering, human error is caused by the failure of human cognitive processes where the process is related to Human Information Processing (HIP). This paper will describe and briefly discuss the problem of human error and its relation to Human Information Processing (HIP). This paper will examine various literature and summarize efforts that can be applied to improve the information processing process in the hope of minimizing the occurrence of human error in the scope of construction work.

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) merupakan inflamasi kronis yang dapat melibatkan sistem saraf, membran mukosa, dan organ lain dalam tubuh. Avascular bone necrosis (AVN) merupakan gejala yang muncul pada penderita SLE. Maksilektomi dilakukan pada tulang maksila yang mengalami AVN. Penutupan celah pasca maksilektomi tersebut dilakukan dengan cara menggunakan protesa maksilofasial intraoral yaitu obturator. Tujuan laporan kasus ini mengkaji rehabilitasi prostetik menggunakan protesa obturator definitif resin akrilik pada penderita SLE pasca maksilektomi. Laporan kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 21 tahun datang ke Poli Gigi dan Mulut RSUP Dr. Sardjito dengan keluhan bau mulut, hilangnya gusi pada langit-langit, dan kegoyahan gigi rahang atas. Pasien didiagnosis SLE sejak lebih dari 1 tahun yang lalu. Pada pemeriksaan intraoral, selain lesi pada mukosa palatum, ditemukan juga nekrosis pada tulang palatum, kehilangan gigi 14, 15, 16, dan 25, serta kegoyahan derajat 3 pada seluruh gigi rahang atas yang tersisa. Pasien dirawat dengan obat Myfortic (2 x 180 mg/hari) dan Fluconazole (1x150 mg/hari) kemudian dirujuk ke Poli Bedah Mulut untuk dilakukan maksilektomi, dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan protesa obturator oleh tim prostodonti. Pasien dibuatkan obturator pasca bedah untuk menutup celah palatum pasca maksilektomi. Pencetakan menggunakan bahan hydrocolloid irreversible sebelum operasi untuk pembuatan obturator pasca bedah. Insersi obturator menunjukkan celah palatum tertutup rapat oleh plat akrilik. Retensi didapatkan menggunakan kawat stainless pada titanium wire mesh pengganti tulang maksila. Tidak ada keluhan saat kontrol, penelanan baik. Tiga bulan pasca pemakaian obturator pasca bedah dilakukan pemasangan obturator definitif resin akrilik rahang atas. Pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan suara sengau berkurang, estetis, dan pengunyahan baik. Simpulan: Protesa obturator definitif resin akrilik pada pasien SLE pasca maksilektomi dapat mengembalikan fungsi estetik, mengurangi suara sengau (mengembalikan fungsi bicara), mengembalikan fungsi penelanan, dan pengunyahan. Kata kunci: Maksilektomi, obturator definitif resin akrilik, systemic lupus erythematosus. ABSTRACT Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammation that involves the nervous system, mucous membranes, and other organs. Avascular bone necrosis (AVN) is a symptom that appears in people with SLE. Maxillectomy is performed on the maxillary bone affected with AVN. The post-maxillectomy gap closure was performed using an intraoral maxillofacial prosthesis, namely an obturator. This case report was aimed to examine the prosthetic rehabilitation using Acrylic resin definitive obturator prosthesis in SLE patients post-maxillectomy. Case report: A 21-years-old woman came to Dr Sardjito Oral Clinic with complaints of bad breath, palatogingival loss, and loose maxillary teeth. The patients was diagnosed with SLE for more than one year prior. The intraoral examination result showed that apart from the palatal mucosa lesions, there was also found necrosis of the palate bone, loss of teeth 14, 15, 16, and 25, and grade 3 loose of all of the remaining maxillary teeth. The patient was treated with Myfortic® (2 x 180 mg/day) and Fluconazole® (1 x 150 mg/day), then referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic for maxillectomy, followed the fabrication of obturator prostheses by the prosthodontist team. The patient was assigned a postoperative obturator to close the palate gap after maxillectomy. An imprint was carried out using an irreversible hydrocolloid material before surgery for the manufacture of a post-surgical obturator. The obturator insertion shows that the palate gap was tightly closed by an acrylic plate. Retention was obtained using the stainless wire on titanium wire mesh instead of the maxillary bone—the patients presented no complaints during control and had adequate ingestion. Three months after wearing a postoperative obturator, the acrylic resin definitive obturator prosthesis was then installed. Clinical examination showed reduced nasal sound, and better aesthetical and mastication aspect. Conclusion: Acrylic resin definitive obturator prosthesis in post-maxillectomy SLE patients can restore aesthetic function, reduce nasal sound (restore speech function), restore swallowing and mastication function. Keywords: Maxillectomy, acrylic resin definitive obturator prosthesis, systemic lupus erythematosus.

Oral health problem in Indonesian has increased. Yogyakarta is the fourth province with the highest number oral health problem and the third province with the highest Effective Medical Demands (EMD) for oral health in Indonesia. This fact indicates that it needs the attention of many parties to solve this problem, especially in Yogyakarta. Through community empowerment, community will be able to independently maintain their oral health and can be expected to be one of a solution to overcome the existing problems.The establishment of Oral Health Cadre (KADEGI) is a form of community empowerment strategy in terms of human resource development. Community empowerment, using the Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) method, is very effective to help the KADEGI mastered several skills such as (a) able to do dental health education, (b) able to do early detection of oral disease and (c) able to refer oral health cases to the nearest public health services (puskesmas).The results of KADEGI's work in data collecting of oral health problem in Desa Panjangrejo showed that from 1.198 respondents who were examined, 64% of respondents had tooth cavities and 49% had debris and calculus. These data indicate that Desa Panjangrejo’s resident are still need special attention in oral health problem by various parties.

Under the Conditionally Constitutional Doctrine, the Indonesian Constitutional Court may declare that a provision of a statute is constitutional if it is read in a way described by the Constitutional Court. In practice, this doctrine allows the Constitutional Court to create new legal norms that might not be covered or even considered in the reviewed statute. The main question is: does the Constitutional Court have any legitimate reasons to use such doctrine? This is especially crucial because the Indonesian House of Representatives once banned the doctrine through amendment to Law No. 24 of 2003 on Constitutional Court in 2011 and shortly thereafter, the Constitutional Court declared that the amendment is unconstitutional. In this article, I will discuss the validity of the Conditionally Constitutional Doctrine through the lens of various theories of legal interpretation, and further conclude that given the nature of judicial review process, attempting to answer the above question from the perspective of traditional legal interpretation theories would not be fruitful. Instead, I would recommend using a pragmatic approach in dealing with the existence of the doctrine and offer certain aspects that can be further pursued by Indonesian legal researchers in order to improve the use of such doctrine.

This research was carried out at Laboratory of Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan, Singosari, Malang start from 8th May until 27th May 2014. Research was to find the effect of liquid semen of Limousin during chilled preservation. Semen divided into four with 5%, 10%, 15%, coconut milk (P1=CEP-2+5% S, P2=CEP-2+10% S, P3=CEP-2+15% S) and 10% egg yolk (P0=CEP-2+10% KT), gave the best result in P0 and has highly significant different (P

The problem in studying geometry for students with normal hearing and hearing impairment is that when studying geometry, it does not only require analytical presentations but also visual presentations related to spatial visualization abilities. This problem is getting worse during the pandemic, in which teaching and learning had to be done online. For this reason, it is necessary to have learning media that accommodates the characteristics of hearing impairment students that physiological limitations, and the media must be oriented to visual presentation accompanied by verbal descriptions or sign language so that the material presented is easy to understanding. The research and development model used in this study is the Borg and Gall procedural model which is descriptive and shows systematic steps to produce interactive learning media with augmented reality. The basis for choosing this development model is related to the special characteristics of the Borg and Gall development model, namely developing products to bridge the gap between education research and education practice, as well as emphasizing specific problems related to practical problems in teaching through applied research. Interactive learning media with augmented reality can be said to meet the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness based on the results of testing the feasibility of developing products. The learning media used has also proven to be a solution to the problem of hearing limitations for hearing impairment students and internet accessibility problems, especially the problem of dependence on quotas and networks. So that students become more enthusiastic about learning and have a meaningful learning experience.

STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) education is widespread around the globe, with various theoretical frameworks and challenges from practical perspectives. In classroom practice, teacher readiness to conduct STEM learning is essential for its successful implementation. This study explores physics teachers' readiness for STEM education using the Alignment, Capabilities, Engagement, or ACE, framework. Data collection is based on 101 teachers' responses to six open-ended questions. Interestingly, all the teachers showed strong alignment with STEM education and how to implement it. Most of them have known STEM education as integrating technology, engineering, and mathematics to science (physics), but only about half of them have experience conducting STEM lessons. They have basic capabilities of identifying the possibilities of implementation in various physics curricula, such as motion, electricity, and fluids. However, in the online learning made necessary by the COVID-19 pandemic, the possibility of implementation is weakened. The teachers showed their engagement to explore more detail in designing and implementing STEM in their classrooms. Also reflected in the study was a significant challenge in terms of pedagogical and time management. Therefore, professional development in STEM education is essential to support teachers' alignment, capabilities, and engagement to develop their readiness. As specific examples, STEM learning materials in motion, electricity, and fluids could help teachers understand the design and implementation of STEM education.

Critical thinking skills (CTS) have been applied in the learning environment to address students' challenges in the twenty-first century. Therefore, specific approaches need to be implemented in the learning environment to support students' CTS. This research explores students' CTS during the learning process through the engineering design process (EDP) in a physics classroom. The methodology relied on a case study where students were situated for the first time in an EDP classroom. Data were analyzed for each of the EDP stages based on CTS criteria codes. The accuracy of the data was tested through a peer review process to demonstrate the validity of the analysis. The results showed that students exhibited specific CTS criteria in each EDP stage. Therefore, EDP could be an alternative method to engage CTS. This result contributes empirical evidence that the research on CTS also needs the students' performance while engaged in EDP.

Geometry subject that prosecute students to comprehend abstracts things is one of the causes of students' difficulties in mathematics learning. This study aims to determine the effect of Problem Posing and Problem Solving learning models with the Scientific Approach to students' adaptive reasoning on plane figure materials. It was conducted at the State Junior High School (SMPN) 4 Magetan, Indonesia. It employed quasi-experimental research methods. The populations were the seventh grade students with a total sample of 64 students who were divided into 34 students as experimental 1 class and the other as experimental 2 class. The simple random sampling method was chosen as the sampling technique. Moreover, normality test was the Lilliefors method; homogeneity was the Bartlett test; and t-test for research results analysis. The results revealed that the Problem Posing learning model with the Scientific Approach was better than Problem Solving with the Scientific Approach. It significantly enhanced students' adaptive reasoning on plane figure materials. The Problem Posing learning model with the Scientific Approach provided the needed skills to build knowledge, where students performed the process of observation, clarification, measurement, prediction, and hypotheses. Therefore, the model was appropriate for mathematics learning, especially on plane figure materials to increase students' adaptive reasoning and achievement.

The study aims at (1) describing the mathematical communication at class VII junior high school in solving problems of the system of equations and linear inequalities of one variable, (2) analyzing the factors that cause students to correct problems in system material and linear inequalities of one variable. The data were collected in the form of text, images and words. The study adopted the descriptive research design based on qualitative data collected from the participants who were selected using purposive sampling model. Subjects were selected by selecting one student for each category with high, medium, and low ability, in total three participants. On the subject of high ability, in order to determine the participants, the criteria were writing texts well, drawing well and the level of reflecting good mathematics as well. Medium ability subjects were supposed to meet the criteria in the aspects of writing well, although still relatively low. Low ability subjects on the criteria of aspects of writing and expressing mathematics, classified at a very low level. The factors causing the students' mathematical communication abilities were found to be the use of vocabulary and mathematical language, the students' learning style and the ability to express their ideas.

This study aimed to determine the effect of bittern coagulant dosage and rapid stirring speed on reducing the concentrations of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and dye absorbance in batik industry wastewater, as well as to identify the optimum coagulant dosage and stirring speed. Wastewater samples were collected from a batik industry in the batik center of Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. Dosage variations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were tested alongside rapid stirring speeds of 100 rpm, 130 rpm, and 160 rpm. The study was conducted on a laboratory scale using the jar test method. Initial wastewater characteristics showed BOD, COD, TSS, and dye absorbance concentrations of 185.68 ± 29.34 mg/L, 10.091 ± 363.24 mg/L, 2.231.33 ± 155.55 mg/L, and 0.212 ± 0.02, respectively. Statistical analysis using the Pearson correlation test and Two-Way ANOVA revealed that variations in coagulant dosage and stirring speed significantly impacted the reduction percentages of BOD, COD, TSS, and dye absorbance. The optimal coagulant dosage was found to be 5%, and the optimal stirring speed was 100 rpm, with reduction percentages for BOD, COD, TSS, and dye absorbance being 80.32%, 65.86%, 92.35%, and 70.77%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]