Search

In the contemporary educational milieu, blended learning (BL) has emerged as a pivotal modality, especially amidst the global shift towards digitalization. This research aimed to scrutinize the acceptance levels and influential factors of BL among administrators, teachers, and students within Thai primary education, employing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework. Through a methodological lens involving quantitative data collection and analysis, the study unveiled a significant divergence in BL acceptance levels across the participant groups, with administrators and teachers showcasing higher acceptance compared to students. Notably, perceived enjoyment emerged as a crucial factor influencing BL acceptance across all groups, aligning with extant literature. The findings underscore the necessity to enhance BL acceptance among students, potentially through strategies that amplify perceived usefulness and enjoyment. The study contributes to the burgeoning literature on BL, providing insights that could inform the development and implementation of BL strategies in primary education, particularly in contexts similar to Thailand. Future research avenues include exploring additional variables influencing BL acceptance and devising targeted interventions to enhance student acceptance and engagement with BL.

The operation of power transformer in an electric system is the cause of noise in form of sound. At a certain level, this noise can be considered as pollution, interfering with the comfort and health of human hearing. The phenomenon shows the need to understand load noise that is generated during the design process of power transformer. However, a major related problem is the unavailability of an accurate load noise model capable of precise prediction during the design stage. Therefore, this research aimed to develop load noise model based on an artificial neural network for power transformer to predict the generated load noise value. The development process was carried out using a trained backpropagation neural network (BPNN) with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Before training for neural network, input parameters such as power, impedance, and winding geometry factors were selected and normalized. The linear regression method was used to assess the quality of neural network model training results. For performance comparison, the multiple linear regression (MLR) model and the Reiplinger method were also developed. The results showed that load noise model was developed based on BPNN with seven hidden layers and nine neurons for each layer. Model showed acceptable output variables, with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and correlation coefficient (R) of 0.007, 0.464, 0.708, and 0.998, respectively. Furthermore, the prediction of load noise achieved through BPNN showed significantly high accuracy compared to the existing standard formulas.

Computational thinking (CT) skills are essential with the rapid advancement of technology. Developing CT attitudes in students is also required for improving CT skills. On the other hand, science process skills are also emphasized in high school physics classes. This study aims to design and implement collaborative modeling-based learning for high school physics classes that stimulates computational thinking (CT) and science process skills. The learning activities use a collaborative approach and adapt the modeling process that scientists usually use. A pilot study in a high school physics course was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of collaborative modeling-based learning. The research instruments used in this study include a test for assessing theoretical understanding, an observational rubric for assessing science process skills and a self report checklist to assess CT dispositions. A pre-and post-test design is employed in the pilot study. Eighty-nine students participated in this study. Students who participated in collaborative modeling-based learning gained a theoretical understanding. Moreover, they have excellent science process skills. According to the self-report checklist, students also demonstrated positive CT attitudes and indicated that they planned to apply CT aspects to their learning. It indicates that the modeling process has engaged students to think computationally and develop their process skills.

Sistem kelistrikan merupakan aspek krusial dalam mendukung aktivitas masyarakat dan industri. Salah satu perusahaan pertambangan kokas di Kalimantan Tengah saat ini mengoperasikan sistem kelistrikan tunggal, yang terbagi menjadi tiga kelompok pembangkit untuk tiga area terpisah, yakni Port, Kamp Tuhup, dan Kamp Baru Tuhup. Dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan keandalan sistem, maka studi kelayakan dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi dan menilai potensi pembangunan sistem interkoneksi jaringan listrik tegangan menengah 20 kV yang menghubungkan ketiga area tersebut. Metode riset yang digunakan adalah studi kelayakan komprehensif yang mencakup analisis perancangan, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Analisis teknis meliputi evaluasi kapasitas listrik yang dibutuhkan, pemetaan sumber daya, dan identifikasi infrastruktur yang diperlukan. Tujuan utama dari studi ini adalah untuk menentukan apakah pembangunan sistem interkoneksi ini memungkinkan dan akan memberikan manfaat jangka panjang bagi perusahaan dan masyarakat setempat, khususnya terkait pembangunan jaringan PLN 1,1 MW. Studi kelayakan ini akan mencakup analisis mendalam terkait kapasitas listrik yang dibutuhkan, pemetaan sumber daya listrik yang ada, infrastruktur yang diperlukan, serta potensi dampak positif sosial dan ekonomi yang diharapkan. Aspek-aspek lingkungan, keberlanjutan, dan efisiensi energi juga akan diperhitungkan agar proyek ini dapat dilaksanakan secara berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Hasil studi kelayakan menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan sistem interkoneksi tegangan menengah 20 kV layak secara teknis maupun finansial dengan nilai NPV positif dan nilai IRR sebesar 67,16% dan PP selama kurang dari 2 tahun.

Background and Aim: Milk physicochemical properties play essential role in the milk processing industry, which are moderately to highly affected by genetic factors. This study aimed to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1) and the physicochemical properties of milk in high-producing Holstein Friesian (HF) cows. Materials and Methods: A total of 149 high-producing dairy cows from PT Ultra Peternakan Bandung Selatan was included in this study. The physicochemical properties of milk, including density, freezing point, pH, lactose, solid non-fat, protein, and ash content, were determined. Moreover, three polymorphisms within the exon regions of POU1F1 (c.195G>A, c.300G>T, and c.828G>A) were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The association between these polymorphisms and the physicochemical properties of milk was determined using a mixed-effects model analysis, in which the lactation period was used as a covariate. Results: This study found that two polymorphisms, c.195G>A and c.828G>A, significantly affected the pH of fresh milk. Cows with both the GG genotypes c.195G>A and c.828G>A had lower milk pH values than those with the other genotypes. In addition, a non-significant effect of POU1F1 was observed on the other physicochemical properties of milk. Conclusion: Two POU1F1 polymorphisms determined the pH of fresh milk in the Indonesian HF population. These are potential marker candidates for milk pH that directly affect the development of dairy products in the milk processing industry.

Objectives. This study aimed to examine the physiological response to speed endurance soccer training (SEST), which involved the measurement of heart rate (HR), blood lactate (LAC), and blood pressure (BP) are measured during the four-week intervention period. Materials and methods. The one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design was used in this study. The study comprised 15 male amateur soccer players with an average age of 16.13 ± 0.52 years. The participants’ mean height was 167.4 ± 4.63 cm, weight was 57.69 ± 12.11 kg, and BMI was 20.44 ± 3.45 kg/m². The data findings are presented using the mean and standard deviation. The paired t-test was employed to assess the impact of each group. The threshold for statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. The effect size (ES) was calculated using Cohen’s ES as a metric to quantify the magnitude of the difference between the pretest and posttest stages. Results. The HR results monitoring during the intervention period were in the high-intensity zone, with an average of 91.67 ± 0.6 % and a HR of 187.67 ± 1.24 bpm. No significant change was observed in the heart rate response from baseline to end of intervention. The LAC results showed that the lactate level was in the high category, namely an average of 11.03 ± 1.3 mmol∙L-1. BP indicated a significant difference between pretest and posttest (p ≤ 0.05). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) demonstrated an increase of Δ % = 0.95, while the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed an increase of Δ % = 1.39. Conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that SEST has a notable effect on the body’s physiological functions, namely on the cardiovascular system, anaerobic metabolism, and blood pressure. This effect was observed over a period of four weeks in amateur soccer players.

The basic human need for housing makes property investment safer than other sectors because demand tends to be stable despite changing economic conditions. The decision to invest is influenced by various aspects, including economic variables, including GDP, property credit growth, non-performing loans (NPLs), interest rates, exchange rates, and money supply, which are then examined for their influence on the Residential Property Price Index (RPPI) in Indonesia through this research using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) with quarterly data from 2003 to 2022. The findings show that GDP, interest rates, and money supply have a significant long-term impact on the RPPI. In the short-term, GDP and property credit growth have a negative impact on RPPI, while NPL and exchange rate do not. Causality tests indicate a bidirectional relationship between NPL and GDP with RPPI, with probability values exceeding 0.05. This study provides valuable insights into the monetary factors affecting residential property prices and suggestions for future research. AcknowledgmentThe authors gratefully acknowledge Ahmad Dahlan University for the support and facilities provided in conducting this research. They also greatly appreciate the academic resources that supported the data collection process and careful analysis of our findings. Besides, the authors express their gratitude to Bank Indonesia and Badan Pusat Statistik for their invaluable contribution to the data used in this research.

This study aims to examine a model that integrates social cognitive theory and experiential learning theory in the context of using ChatGPT and entrepreneurship education to enhance students' entrepreneurial intention, considering the mediating role of innovative behaviour. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method using SEM-PLS data analysis to explore the relationship between the relevant variable. Purposive sampling technique is used to select samples that meet specific criteria. The research sample consisted of 139 students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, with data collected via an online questionnaire. The study results indicate that the use of ChatGPT, entrepreneurship education, and innovative behaviour positively and significantly influence students' entrepreneurial intentions, in line with social cognitive and experiential learning theory. Innovative behaviour also plays a significant role as a mediating variable. This research suggests that educational institutions can further optimize the use of technology, such as ChatGPT, in entrepreneurship curricula and provide more practical experiences to strengthen students' entrepreneurial intentions.

This study aims to examine the impact of gamification on financial knowledge through student enjoyment and student engagement. This study employed a quantitative approach and used a survey to examine the relationships between variables. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with 289 students who have previously received financial education at a public university participating as respondents. The research instrument utilized a questionnaire developed based on prior studies. The results were tested using Variational Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling (VB-SEM) to analyze the influence between variables. The findings showed that gamification had a positive impact on student enjoyment and student engagement. This study demonstrates that gamification does not directly influence students' financial knowledge. Student engagement fully mediated the effect of gamification on students' financial knowledge, whereas enjoyment does not affect students' financial knowledge. This study underscores the importance of fostering student engagement in gamification to enhance financial knowledge. The implications of this research include strengthening student engagement through various strategies, such as apperception, motivation, and interaction during the use of gamification in financial education.

The main goals of the study were to examine how transformational leadership affected organizational citizenship behavior, worker productivity, and employee job satisfaction in Indonesian Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise (SME) settings. The study used a quantitative technique and included 295 people as samples. Since Indonesia is a multi-cultural nation, responses were gathered from employees in multiple cities. Data was gathered via online and print surveys and was then analyzed using SPSS 23 and Smart PLS Software. The findings of this study point to a clear, positive, and substantial relationship between transformational leadership and worker job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, and work performance. Additionally, to job satisfaction and organizational citizenship, it has been shown that employee job performance is somewhat mediated by employee behavior. This is the first paper in the setting of Indonesian SMEs that looks at the impact of transformational leadership on employee job performance after job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior.

Background. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the menstrual cycle, its associated health concerns, and the subsequent effects on athlete performance could facilitate the formulation of educated and tailored strategies for training and participating in competitive sports. In turn, this can decrease the probability of injuries, maintain psychological well-being, and ultimately enhance athlete performance. Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the perspective of collegiate student-athletes related to health issues and sports performance during their menstrual period, both in terms of training and competition, as well as the athletes’ willingness to discuss pertaining their menstrual cycle. Materials and methods. Our study included 115 female student-athletes participating in land-based individual/team sports (n = 95) and a combination of land/water-based sports (n = 20). A questionnaire was used to collect data for this cross-sectional study, which was undertaken and completed by the participants. A descriptive analysis was performed, with results reported in frequency and percentage, followed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Mann-Whitney) to analyze the mean differences between the training participation groups during menstruation. Results. In general, all athletes experienced several health issues, with abdominal pain and lower back pain being the most prevalent. Furthermore, nearly all of them (95.33%) experienced pain on the first day of their periods. Menstruation also influences the performance of female athletes during exercise (70.43%) and competition (73.91%), causing increased fatigue and reduced endurance in the majority of them. Additionally, there is a significant difference between the context of training engagement and the number of weekly exercise sessions (0.011) during the menstrual cycle. Conclusions. Menstruation significantly affects the health and performance of female athletes, both during training and competition. Coaches and athletes must comprehend the menstrual cycle to address this issue effectively. It is crucial that coaches and athletes possess a comprehensive understanding of the menstrual cycle in order to effectively address this issue. Moreover, involving medical professionals and sports nutritionists in managing menstrual cycles is also another strategy for enhancing athlete performance.

Objectives. This study aimed to analyze the effect of a four-week moderate-intensity exercise regimen on increasing growth hormone (GH) levels in individuals with obesity. Materials and methods. A total of 25 female individuals aged 20-25 years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 27.50-37.00 kg/m², were involved in the study and randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group (CON; n = 12) and the moderate-intensity exercise group (MIE; n = 13). The moderate-intensity exercise regimen (treadmill exercise for 30 minutes at 60-70% of HRmax, and resistance exercise for 30 minutes at 60-70% of 1RM) was conducted 3 times per week for a period of 4 weeks. Blood samples from participants were collected pre- and post-exercise sessions, and GH levels were analyzed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay method. Data analysis techniques used the paired sample t-test with a significance level of 5 %. Results. The paired sample t-test results of GH levels between the pre-exercise and post-exercise sessions in the CON group showed a change from (1291.79 ± 383.76 to 1151.53 ± 484.80 pg/mL; p = 0.694), while the MIE group demonstrated the following dynamics of change — from (1161.79 ± 133.72 to 2103.83 ± 357.09 pg/mL; p = 0.006). Conclusions. The main findings of this study revealed that after implementing a four-week moderate-intensity exercise intervention, a significant increase in GH levels was observed in obese females.

Recently, rainfall-induced slope failure has struck Cimanggung village, West Java province, Indonesia. In order to anticipate future slope failures due to rainfall, an unsaturated slope stability analysis is compulsory. Precise information on the soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) is required to conduct an accurate unsaturated soil analysis. In this article, a procedure to obtain SWCC by using a polymer tensiometer for Cimanggung village is proposed. Considering the long period of time needed to obtain the measured data, some prediction methods are available. The measured SWCCs are then compared with SWCCs based on two prediction methods. Chin’s 1-point and Perera et al.’s methods are applied as the prediction methods and then compared with the measured SWCCs. It could be concluded that Chin’s 1-point method yields a close estimation within the suction range. Meanwhile, the Perera et al. method underestimates the air entry value, and the predicted curve deviates significantly with the measured SWCC. Hence, Chin’s 1-point method is recommended for predicting SWCCs in Cimanggung Village.

Objectives. This research aimed to analyze the effect of Rhodiola rosea on the Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-kB) and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) levels after high-intensity training. Materials and methods. The research was conducted using an experiment method with a pre-test and post-test group design. It involved 20 healthy males as participants. They were 19 years old on mean and currently enrolled as university students. The participants were purposively selected and divided into two groups. One group was administered a placebo (Age = 19.60 ± 0.69), while the other was assigned to a medication group that received Rhodiola rosea with a 500 mg dosage (Age = 19.30 ± 0.82). The study began by collecting data from the research subjects on the first day. After that, the participants were asked to warm up before doing high-intensity physical training composed of exercises such as walking lunges, good-mornings (also known as weight training exercises), and leg extensions. The training was performed for 4 sets, with a recovery period of 1 minute between the sets. The training intensity was monitored using a Polar H9 Heart Rate Sensor. On the second day (24 hours after the training session), blood samples were collected from all subjects. The data were treated as pre-test data in order to calculate the NF-kB and TNF-α levels. Subsequently, the participants were given a placebo and Rhodiola rosea intervention based on the predetermined groups. On the third day (48 hours after the training session), the subjects’ blood samples were collected again. This time, blood collection was done following the training as post-test data. The next procedure included the blood sample analyzing in the laboratory using the ELISA method. Furthermore, SPSS software was used for the statistical analysis of this research. Results. The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference in serum NF-kB levels in the placebo group and there was a notable reduction in serum NF-kB levels in the Rhodiola rosea group. Additionally, a substantial decrease in serum TNF-α levels was observed in both groups. Conclusions. To sum it up, giving Rhodiola rosea a 500 mg/day dosage potentially decreases the NF-kB level. Meanwhile, for the TNF-a, both groups reported a decrease of the serum level. Consequently, further research is recommended to investigate the effect of Rhodiola rosea on other inflammatory markers, including Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as well as muscle damage biomarkers, such as creatine kinase.v

Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the impact of synbiotics on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by evaluating changes in lipid, glucose, and inflammatory profiles. A search across PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Cambridge Core, and CINAHL yielded 302 articles, with 11 meeting the criteria for randomized controlled trials. The studies consistently reported that synbiotic treatment for NAFLD led to a reduction in liver enzymes ALT and AST, with significant effect sizes (SMD = -1.27, 95% CI: -2.07 to -0.46, P = .002; SMD = -0.67, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.47, P = .00001). Additionally, synbiotics demonstrated a favorable impact on lipid profiles, lowering TC and LDL levels (SMD = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.07, P = .01; SMD = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.90 to -0.21, P = .002). The treatment also improved glucose profiles, as evidenced by reduced Glucose and HOMA-IR levels (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.04, P = .02; SMD = -2.45, 95% CI: -3.79 to -1.11, P = .0003), while pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, decreased significantly (SMD = -1.01, 95% CI: -1.32 to -0.71, P = .00001). In conclusion, synbiotic therapy emerges as a promising approach for enhancing liver function and metabolic profiles in NAFLD patients, as supported by the findings of this review.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an integral component of modern treatment for invasive breast cancer with no special type (IBC-NST). The interaction between the immune system and cancer, particularly through immune-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), continues to be studied to understand how treatments like NAC influence the disease progression and response to various therapies. This study was designed to investigate changes in the pattern of CD4+ TIL infiltration before and after NAC. Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved 32 participants. NAC was administered for 3 months, comprising six cycles of chemotherapy. Variables such as age, tumor size, grade, lymphovascular invasion, and regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) were evaluated. Furthermore, the expression of receptors, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), and Ki-67 was evaluated. Infiltration of the tumor by CD4+ TILs was assessed using immunohistochemistry, whereas other data were retrieved from the medical records of the participants. Data were analyzed using R software. Results: There was a significant increase in CD4+ TIL infiltration after NAC administration. Before NAC treatment, there were significant associations between stromal CD4+ TIL with tumor size after NAC (P = 0.047), intratumoral CD4+ TIL with age (P = 0.031), and intratumoral CD4+ TIL with HER-2 status (P = 0.037). After NAC treatment, intratumoral CD4+ TIL was associated with tumor size before NAC (P = 0.009) and RLNM (P = 0.026). Conclusion: NAC is associated with a significant increase in CD4+ TIL infiltration in patients with IBC-NST.

Abstract Indonesia released a new regional geoid model in 2020—the Indonesian Geoid 2020 (INAGEOID2020). It covers the Indonesian region with a spatial resolution of 0.01 × 0.01 degree with the unit in meters. The model was generated through a series of data and computations. Three components of gravity data, i.e., the observed free-air anomaly, the long-wave from the global geoid model, and the short-wave from the terrain model, were employed. The computation was performed using the Remove-Compute-Restore technique with the Fast Fourier Transformation approach. The output was then fitted to the geoid at tide stations by adding a fitting plane to the geoid model. The fitting plane was constructed based on the difference between the geoid model and each tide gauge benchmark. The final geoid model was evaluated by comparing the model with the reference data. Based on quality metrics, the accuracy of INAGEOID2020 varied between 6 cm to 29 cm. Any interested user can use this gridded geoid model to convert geodetic to orthometric heights and vice versa.

Background : Diabetes Mellitus is called the silent killer because this disease can affect all organs of the body and cause various kinds of complaints. Chronic hyperglicemia can affect the sufferes’s quality of life and cause rehospitalization. Decreased quality of life is caused emergence of hyperglicemia complications.. Controlling diabetes mellitus includes monitoring blood sugar levels, exercise or physical activity, diet, education and drug of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that causes complications. The problem of complications is prevented by performing the 4 pillars of self-care while at home.Objectives : The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of DM management on self-care. Methods : The research design in this study used a quantitative descriptive quasi-experimental method . The sampling technique used accidental sampling with a total of 30 respondents. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test to determine pre and post results in each group and used the Mann Whitney test to determine the mean difference in the two groups. Inclusion criteria included respondents who were registered as prolanis members. The research instrument used a self-care monitoring sheet with the SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activity) questionnaire with r table value 0.361 Results : The result is the Asymp.Sig value. (2 tailed) has a value of 0.001, so Ha is accepted, which means there is a difference in self-care ability between before being given DM management and after being given DM management. Based on the findings of researchers in this study, the value of Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.001, meaning that Ha is accepted. there is a difference between pretest and posttest in both the control and intervention groups. Conclusions : There is a difference in the average self care ability of diabetes mellitus patients using monitoring sheets. The conclusion is that the self-care management programme is effective on self-behavior.

The discourses of the novels, Waiting to Exhale and The Color Purple, show the main characters exercising power in their social power relations, then gaining knowledge, and with knowledge, gaining power. In the former novel, the characters Robin and Bernadine gain knowledge through their relationship with Savannah and Gloria, while in the latter Celie gains knowledge through Nettie’s letters and her intensive acquaintance with Shug. This study thus aimed to analyze how Black women acquire power transformation, and what state of power Black women have before and after this transformation. Our findings showed, first, that they acquire support and help from close friends and families. Second, they gained knowledge and awareness about their positions and weaknesses. And third, they begin determining their wills, passions, and choices. Then, they transform their endurance into power over and power to change from being powerless and submissive into a powerful and self-determining personality. Using Foucault’s theory of power and Foucault’s discourse analysis method, the discourse shows that besides knowledge, self-determination and the supporting milieu are essential factors in gaining power transformation in power relations.

The primary goal of green accounting is to address social issues impacting global sustainable development and to influence corporate actions towards social and environmental concerns. This research aims to map the concept of green accounting and describe its impact on science. This research is a literature review using bibliometrics. Bibliometrics helps map research related to developing green accounting research trends published by leading journals from 1992 to 2023, which have been indexed by Scopus as many as 233 articles, using VosViewer software. The analysis is focused on keyword trends, authors, and institutions. The results show that the number of articles discussing the theme of green accounting has been increasing yearly, which aligns with the development of economics and the environment. The most popular keywords are sustainable development, environmental management, and environmental economics. The most published writer is Markandya. Meanwhile, the most popular organization is Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM). This study provides valuable insights for researchers focusing on green accounting. Therefore, this theme has the potential to be further developed in the future.

This study aims to analyze the performance of school principals during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also aims to analyze the effect of principal's performance, teacher competence and school climate on teacher's performance. In addition, this paper investigates the mediating role of teacher competence and school climate on the relationship of principal's performance and teacher's performance. The sample in this study was schoolteachers in Central Java. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The research respondents were 200 public and private teachers consisting of elementary, junior high, and senior high school teachers. The data collection method used was questionnaire. The questionnaires were distributed online via google forms. The data analysis method used was path analysis. The results showed that the principal's performance was in the good category in terms of five dimensions (managerial, supervision, entrepreneurship, social, and personality). The principal's performance significantly influences the teacher's performance. The principal's performance is also a significant determinant of school climate, although it has not been proven to significantly influence teacher competence. Other results indicate that school climate and teacher competence are significant determinants of teacher performance. School climate and teacher competence have a mediating role in the relationship between principal's performance and teacher performance. The implication of this research is the importance of improving the performance of school principals during the pandemic because it will be able to significantly determine the school climate and teacher's performance. Strengthening the performance of school principals can be done by providing regular direction and monitoring by authorized parties such as school supervisors, education offices, and other officials.

The digital era has brought significant changes in the business sector, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Digital technology, especially E-Commerce platforms, is key in increasing productivity and market access for MSMEs. This community service aims to improve the ability of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors in Kadugede Village to use the E-Commerce platform, especially Shopee Seller. The implementation of the activity involved 10 MSME actors and consisted of four stages, namely socialisation, education, training and evaluation. The method used was Participatory Action Research (PAR). The evaluation was conducted through questionnaires and interviews before and after the training to measure the understanding and application of E-Commerce technology. The results showed that there was a significant increase in participants' understanding of the use of E-Commerce platforms, online store management, promotion strategies, and efficiency in business operations. The participants were able to increase sales by utilising the existing promotional features. In addition, the evaluation showed that participants were satisfied with the training activities. E-Commerce training in a structured and intensively assisted manner is proven to be able to improve the competitiveness of MSMEs.

This study aimed to determine the effect of using complete feed containing protected soybean groats on the production performance and feed efficiency of fattening thin-tailed sheep. Protection using 37% formaldehyde as much as 1% of dry soybean groats to bypass protein during rumen fermentation. A total of 15 male thin-tailed sheep, aged 12 months with an initial body weight of 23.43±1.40 kg were divided into 3 groups of feed treatments, namely the first group (P1) complete feed 100%, (P2) complete feed 90% + protected soybean groats 10%, and (P3) complete feed 80% + protected soybean groats 20%. Protection of soybean groats using 37% formaldehyde was given as 1% dry matter. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, and differences between treatments were further tested with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed a significantly different effect (P0.05) on daily body weight gain, relative daily body weight gain, feed conversion, and feed efficiency. The conclusion of the research was that the use of complete feed containing 20% protected soybean groats was efficient due to its ablity to increase dry matter consumption and the FCG produced was low so that higher IOFC was obtained.

This study is an attempt to present a latent racial and gendered issue repeatedly taking place in American society as depicted by two novels produced within 70 years interval of time. Maud Martha was published in 1953 and The Hate U Give in 2017. Using critical discourse analysis and qualitative research methods, this article aims to explicate the causes of the unjust construction of Black women's power relations and how Black women cope with such unfavorable situations in such very different eras. Critical discourse analysis observes people's interactions through language because language is the basic element of life and the way truth and power are produced. In power contestation, discourse plays two opposing roles i.e., maintaining or preserving the system of dominion on one side and in another side fighting against the system of dominion. Seizing discourse means seizing power. The ongoing unjust construction of racial power relations is the major discourse that Maud Martha and Starr Carter have to live in. They exercise power producing discourses of their own as their resistance against the ongoing unfavorable major discourse. The contestation of power leads to hard mass demonstrations in The Hate U Give and a solemn understanding of living a peaceful life in Maud Martha.