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Tujuan diadakannya kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah karena masih ditemukan sejumlah siswa SDN Semolowaru IV yang belum pernah mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam terkait penggunaan Microsoft Word. Pelatihan ini diadakan di SDN Semolowaru IV pada tanggal 20 Oktober dan 23 Oktober 2023 dengan melibatkan kelas VA dan VB dengan total 60 siswa-siswi. Metode pelatihan yang digunakan terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap persiapan kami melakukan survei tempat serta persiapan bahan materi. Tahap pelaksanaan, tim memberikan pre-test untuk mengukur pengetahuan mereka tentang Microsoft Word serta tim memberikan paparan materi mengenai Microsoft word, kemudian terdapat sesi praktik yang meliputi penggunaan font, ukuran font, perataan kanan, perataan kiri, dan warna saat menulis pada fitur home, dan terakhir terdapat sesi tanya jawab serta post test. Tahap evaluasi dilakukan pengolahan data hasil pemahaman peserta didik terkait Microsoft Word melalui hasil pengerjaan pre-test dan post-test yang telah dilakukan. Hasil pre-test menunjukkan siswa-siswi yang dapat menjawab benar dari kelas VA sebanyak 42,14% dan pada VB sebanyak 39,28%, sedangkan pada hasil post-test didapatkan siswa-siswi yang dapat menjawab benar dari kelas VA sebanyak 67,86% dan pada VB sebanyak 70%.

Abstract Background Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common chronic inflammatory oral disease that negatively impacts the quality of life. Current therapies aim to reduce pain and healing process yet challenges such as rapid loss due to salivary flushing in topical drugs and adverse effects due to prolonged use of systemic medications require further notice. Low-level laser therapy is reported with immediate pain relief and faster healing thus preserving the potential for optimal treatment modalities. This review critically analyses and summarizes the effectiveness of LLLT in reducing pain scores and healing time of RAS. Methods A systematic search was conducted in ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus using keywords of low-level laser therapy, photo-biomodulation therapy, and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. RCTs between 1967 to June 2022, presenting characteristics of the laser and reporting pain score and/or healing time of RAS after irradiation were included. Animal studies and recurrent aphthous ulcers with a history of systemic conditions were excluded. Studies were critically appraised using the RoB 2 tool. A meta-analysis was performed using inverse variance random effects. Results Fourteen trials with a total of 664 patients were included. Reduced pain was reported in 13 studies, while shortened healing time was presented in 4. The pooling of two studies after CO2 irradiation demonstrated faster healing time compared to placebo (MD − 3.72; 95% CI − 4.18, − 3.25). Conclusion Pain score and healing time of RAS were reduced after irradiation with LLLT. RoB resulted in “some concerns” urging well-designed RCTs with larger samples to further assess each laser application for comparison. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42022355737.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia with respect to time to treatment, treatment pattern and treatment outcome.Design This is a retrospective cohort study in which medical records of hospitalised patients with ACS were reviewed.Setting Three hospitals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Participants Patients hospitalised with ACS during two pandemic periods (first pandemic period: March–August 2020; second pandemic period: March–August 2021) and prepandemic period (March–August 2019).Outcome measures Time to treatment, treatment pattern and treatment outcome.Results A total of 598 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 615 with non-ST-elevation ACS were identified. Of these, 313, 484 and 416 were identified during the prepandemic period, first pandemic period and second pandemic period, respectively. For STEMI, the proportion of patients with a delay from symptom onset to first medical contact (FMC) was significantly higher during the second pandemic period as compared with the prepandemic period (47.7% vs 32.0%, OR=1.84, 95% CI 1.18, 2.85). The proportion of patients with STEMI with delayed door-to-balloon (D2B) time was significantly higher during the second pandemic period as compared with the prepandemic period (99.4% vs 92.9%, OR=13.08, 95% CI 1.57, 108.73). Significantly longer mean total ischaemic time (45.85 hours vs 30.29 hours, mean difference=14.56, 95% CI 1.85, 27.28) was observed among patients with STEMI during the second year of the pandemic as compared with the prepandemic period. No significant differences between the prepandemic period and the first pandemic period were found in terms of proportion of patients with STEMI with a delay in time from symptom onset to FMC, delayed D2B time and total ischaemic time. Only Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.03, 1.05) was a significant predictor of in-hospital mortality in the multivariate analysis.Conclusions This study suggests a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on time to treatment among patients with ACS. Health systems need to be well prepared to support effective and timely treatment of patients with ACS during future crisis.

BackgroundAs social media platforms gain popularity, their usage is increasingly associated with cyberbullying and body shaming, causing devastating effects. ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the impact of social media on Generation Z users’ body image satisfaction. More specifically, it examines the impact of TikTok on body image satisfaction among TikTok users aged between 17 years and 26 years in Indonesia. MethodsThe methodology used mixed-method approaches. Quantitative data were obtained from 507 responses to a questionnaire and analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling. Qualitative data were obtained from the interviews of 32 respondents and analyzed through content analysis. ResultsThis study reveals that upward appearance comparison is influenced by video-based activity and appearance motivation. Conversely, thin-ideal internalization is influenced by appearance motivation and social media literacy. Upward appearance comparisons and thin-ideal internalization comparisons detrimentally impact users’ body image satisfaction. ConclusionsThe results of this study are expected to provide valuable insights for social media providers, regulators, and educators in their endeavors to establish a positive and healthy social media environment for users.

The coastal area of Medan Marelan District in Medan City, North Sumatra Province, has extensive mangrove forests that have not been fully utilized. LKP Walidayna supports the empowerment program for productive communities in the coastal areas of Medan City. Currently, LKP Walidayna has provided training on processing mangrove fruits to the community, turning them into various processed food products such as Mangrove Pudding, Mangrove Syrup, Mangrove Jam, and Mangrove Dodol. The vocational training institution (LKP) is one form of non-formal education that communities can utilize to enhance quality, skills, and productivity. However, LKP Walidayna faces limitations, including the lack of effective information media to market its products more widely. Therefore, the proposed solution is the creation of a website and e-commerce platform to promote LKP Walidayna's mangrove products using effective and attractive marketing techniques. The e-commerce platform would contain information about activities, especially the processing of mangrove products. Based on feedback from participants in the product design and marketing strategy training for processed mangrove products through the website, it is concluded that the conducted training activities align with the needs of LKP Walidayna. LKP Walidayna expressed satisfaction with the visually appealing and user-friendly website.

Abstract Background Post-hospitalized acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in Indonesia National Insurance does not pay for the use of high-intensity statin (HIS) for secondary prevention after ACS hospitalization. Moreover, a cost–utility analysis needs to be conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of prescribing HIS and low-to-moderate-intensity statin (LMIS) per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). This study aimed to estimate the cost–utility of long-term HIS treatment in post-hospitalized ACS patients in Indonesia compared to current practice. Results This study compared the economic outcomes of long-term HIS and LMIS in Indonesian post-hospitalized ACS patients. A lifetime Markov model predicted ACS-related events, costs, and QALY from a payer perspective. A systematic review estimated treatment-specific event probabilities, post-event survival, health-related quality of life, and Indonesia medical-care expenses from published sources. This study conducted probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) using 1000 independent Monte Carlo simulations and a series of one-way deterministic sensitivity analyses utilizing a tornado diagram. The economic evaluation model proved that intensive HIS treatment can increase per-patient QALYs and care expenditures compared to LMIS. The use of HIS among post-hospitalized ACS patients had ICER 31.843.492 IDR per QALY gained, below the Indonesia willingness-to-pay (WTP) for terminal disease and life-saving treatment. Conclusion From the Indonesia payer perspective, using HIS for post-hospitalized ACS patients in Indonesia is cost-effective at 31.843.492 IDR per QALY gained.

The term "ulul albab" is frequently mentioned in the Quran. Ulul albab refers to individuals known for their sharp intellect, unclouded by confusion, as well as strong spiritual and intellectual integrity. Drawing on the ideas of Al-Ghazali as a foundation, this study aims to explore Al-Ghazali's thoughts on shaping the character of Ulul Albab from the perspective of Wahdatul Ulum. Through qualitative approaches and a literature review, the integration of reason and revelation, the importance of Sufi practices, and the virtues of ethics in seeking closeness to Allah are analyzed. The research findings demonstrate that Al-Ghazali, as a brilliant Islamic scholar and humanist, mastered various branches of knowledge, ranging from jurisprudence, theology, logic, philosophy, and Sufism and ethics. In Al-Ghazali's view, Ulul Albab are depicted as individuals who combine knowledge and action, possess firm beliefs rooted in true understanding, and develop noble traits reflected in everyday life. This research significantly contributes to enriching insights into the concept of Ulul Albab from the perspective of Al-Ghazali's thought, while highlighting the importance of spiritual and moral practices in attaining perfection as servants of Allah, as well as the integration of reason and revelation.

Linear equations and linear functions are important materials for students in developing their in-depth knowledge of arithmetic and algebra. However, there is a gap between potential development and actual development, which causes obstacles for students in understanding the concepts of these two materials. This gap results in other obstacles, including a fixed mindset in mathematics. The results of interviews with secondary school teachers in Indonesia also show that students have problems in number operations and motivation to learn mathematics. The design used in this study uses a descriptive qualitative study based on the results of literature studies, interviews with subject teachers, and the author's experience as an educator. This study also uses the theory of zone proximal development and mathematical mindset as a frame for preparing alternative material for equations and linear functions based on visual representations in mathematics. The results of this study contribute to providing alternative materials to reduce these barriers using a visual representation approach in mathematics. The author also provides alternative teaching arts to anticipate obstacles that arise when implementing mathematics material based on visual representation.

Religious moderation is needed due to the fact that happened today. This study aimed to explore the values of religious moderation on the primary level at MI Miftahul Huda Ngadireso Poncokusumo which gained the MURI Record. This qualitative descriptive study used observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation to collect primary data from the headmaster, five teachers, and fifteen fifth-grade students. The result shows that long before the launching of religious moderation, this school has been implementing the values of religious moderation till reached the achievement. The respondents also add some statements that religious moderation is important specifically as a provision for primary students to improve nationalism, tolerance, against violence, and adaptation to local culture. The findings indicate that amar ma’ruf nahi munkar is implemented frequently.

The perception and role of practical wisdom in implementing religious moderation policies which are built from the lecturer's perspective are open and democratic because they uphold academic culture. However, the unsystematic implementation of top-down policies has the potential to ignore the creative participation of task implementers in the field. The approach to insert religious moderation is stronger when listening to the good practices of learning implementers, namely lecturers. This article aimed to find out the role of lecturers' initiatives in strengthening religious moderation as implementers of learning in non-religious courses. The research was conducted with a qualitative phenomenological type. The research participants involved twenty-seven non-religious lecturers from 9 study programs. The data were extracted using the technique of focused group discussions and document analysis. The results of the lecturers’ practical wisdom are as follows, 1) religious moderation is perceived by lecturers as a wise view in responding to differences, a middle-way view that is not extreme to the left and right, and the ability to moderate multiculturally; 2) lecturers as learning actors in the field have creative, authentic and autonomous goodwill in inserting religious moderation so that responsive lecturers are found to prevent early risks of student radicalism, intolerance, and religious exclusivism; 3) lecturers can find learning methods in class by inserting religious moderation in general courses even though there are no technical-operational instructions in the learning process. It showed that lecturers in the context of implementing religious moderation responded quickly so that their practical wisdom provides solutions to accelerate the achievement of religious moderation that is actually more participatory.

This research aims to present justification for whether or not there is any significant impact of using a digital multilingual thematic dictionary on sixth-grade students’ literacy skills using quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test only control group design. The researcher determined the research sample using statistical matching scores proposed by Fraenkel et al. (2012). The statistical matching scores were administered in determining the two intact groups. Two intact groups which had similar scores and were statistically proven to have insignificant differences in abilities were selected as the research sample, namely; (1) SD N 1 Kubutambahan was the control group, and (2) SD N 3 Banjar Jawa was the experimental group. The instruments used in this research were literacy skill tests which contain pre-test and post-test questions, and teaching scenarios for the control and experimental group. The pre-test was given before treatment and the post-test was given after treatment. Both groups received three times of treatments with three materials namely home activities, animals, and public places. The obtained data were analyzed quantitatively with descriptive statistical, inferential statistical, and N-Gain score test analysis. Based on the results of the calculation of the N-Gain Score test and the descriptive analysis, the mean score of the N-Gain for the experimental group was 73.3759%, while the mean score of the N-Gain for the control group was 48.0249%. The results of the N-Gain score test show that the use of the digital multilingual thematic dictionary in the experimental group was moderately effective, while the use of the printed thematic picture dictionary in the control group was less effective. Thus, it can be concluded that the digital multilingual thematic dictionary performs better than a printed thematic picture dictionary on sixth-grade students’ literacy skills.

Delay in treatment seeking is recognized as a major contributor for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) mortality in Indonesia. Despite the significance of timely treatment, decline in admission and delay in presentation of patients with ACS were consistently reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. These suggested that treatment seeking performance of patients during the pandemic might be different from the previous period. This qualitative study aimed to explore treatment seeking behaviour, barriers in seeking medical treatment, and experiences of patients with ACS in Yogyakarta, Indonesia during COVID-19 pandemic. In depth-interviews were carried out with 30 patients, who were hospitalized with ACS at one of the three selected hospitals in Yogyakarta during the pandemic period. Thematic analysis was performed to create vital explanations for treatment seeking practices of patients with ACS during pandemic. Three significant themes were identified: treatment seeking decisions, barriers in seeking medical treatment during COVID-19, and experiencing both good and bad impression from entering and staying in the hospital. The intensity of ACS symptoms and fear of COVID-19 infection dominated the delay in seeking medical treatment. Strict safety measures, religious belief, and fear of ACS helped patients overcome barriers and seek medical treatment during pandemic. ACS patients also had convenient medical care during the pandemic and believed medical staff would provide excellent care to them. However, visit restriction policy could cause psychological discomfort. Increase awareness of ACS symptoms and the risk of delays ACS treatment are essential to support patients' decisions to seek medical helps in a timely manner at any situations including pandemic. Interventions aim at alleviating psychological distress should also be designed and implemented to improve treatment experiences of ACS patients, who sought medical treatment during the pandemic crisis.

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of ocular characteristics and viral presence in the conjunctival swab of patients with COVID-19. Methods In this cross-sectional study, fifty-three patients were recruited from two COVID-19 referral hospitals in Jakarta (Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Persahabatan Hospital) from July 2020 to March 2021. The inclusion criteria were patients who were suspected of or confirmed cases of COVID-19 with or without ocular symptoms. Demographic data, history of COVID-19 exposure, underlying medical condition, systemic symptoms, ocular symptoms, supporting laboratory results, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of naso-oropharyngeal (NOP) swab and conjunctival swab were collected. Results Fifty-three patients who were suspected, probable or confirmed cases of Covid-19 were included. Forty-six out of 53 patients (86.79%) tested positive for either Covid-19 antibody rapid test or naso-oropharyngeal (NOP) swab. Forty-two patients tested positive for NOP swab. Fourteen out of 42 patients (33.33%) experienced symptoms of ocular infection including red eye, epiphora, itchy eyes, and eye discharge. None of these patients were tested positive for conjunctival swab. Two out of 42 patients (4.76%), who were tested positive for conjunctival swab, did not experience any ocular symptoms. Conclusions Establishing the relationship between Covid-19 infection, ocular symptoms, and presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the ocular surface proves to be challenging. In Covid-19 patients, ocular symptoms did not warrant a positive conjunctival swab result. On the contrary, a patient without ocular symptoms can also have detectable presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the ocular surface.

Background: Previous studies compared optical coherence tomography (OCT) guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and angiography-guided was still limited. Therefore, we performed comprehensive meta-analyses to investigate the clinical outcomes of OCT-guided compared with angiography-guided PCI to provide a higher level of evidence. Methods: A systematic search from electronic databases such as Pubmed, EMBASE, SpringerLink, and Cochrane Library was conducted to obtain original articles comparing OCT and angiography. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE), cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization, stenosis area, PCI procedure time, contrast volume, and procedural side effects were the measured outcomes. The primary end-points were MACE and cardiovascular death. Results: Total 11 studies included 5814 patients were analyzed, with 3431 using OCT-guided and 2383 using angiography-guided. Pooled estimates of outcomes, presented as odds ratios (OR) [95% confidence intervals], were generated with random-effect models. Regarding clinical outcomes, OCT-guided PCI showed significantly lower rate of MACE (odds ratio [OR] 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38 to 0.72, p

This paper investigates whether public transfers crowd-out inter-household transfers in Indonesia. Using household data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS-3 & IFLS-4), this study evaluates the impact of direct cash transfer programs (Bantuan Langsung Tunai, BLT) on inter-family transfer (i.e., monetary transfer from parents, siblings, child, and other family members who do not live co-residently). The results indicate that, in general, the crowding-out effect is relatively small. This effect is statistically significant only in urban households but not rural ones. This finding suggests that expanding public transfer under formal social security programs to cover poor households does not significantly reduce the existence of informal transfers. Further, public transfers potentially improve the distribution of household income.

In this study, ZnO thin films doped with Al (AZO) and Cu (CZO) were fabricated on a glass substrate via sol-gel spin coating. The influence of 1 atomic % Al and Cu doping on the structure, morphology, as well as optical properties of ZnO thin film was then analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD analysis revealed that all samples possessed hexagonal wurtzite crystal structures with 3 to 4 preferred orientations. Al and Cu doping caused a decrease in crystal size, while the lattice strain (e) and dislocation density (ρ) were increased. AFM indicated that Al and Cu doping reduced the surface roughness of the ZnO thin film. Optical measurement showed that all samples exhibited high transmittance (> 80%) in the visible light region. Transmittance was reduced after doping, while the band gaps for ZnO, AZO, and CZO thin films are 3.26, 3.28, and 3.23 eV. This study showed that an addition of 1 atomic % transition metal (Al and Cu) greatly influences the structure, morphology, and optical properties of ZnO thin film.

This study aims to analyze the synergy between tourism and agriculture to increase the exchange rate of farmers in the Tabanan Regency area. A literature review approach with a focus on critical review was used in this study. Based on previous research, the study looked at how the Tabanan district's policies affect how tourism and farming work together. The components analyzed are the rationalization and realization of policy implementation related to the analyzed review. This research is a critical literature review to assess, compare, and compile strategy characteristics. The results obtained from the synergy between tourism and agriculture in Tabanan Regency have the potential to be implemented to increase the farmer exchange rate. The idea of mutualism between the two sectors is expected to help tourist villages grow. Improving the size and quality of tourist villages, with the help of local governments, will lead to changes affecting farmers' incomes and exchange rates. They will be able to see the well-being of their farmers. Factors that must be realized to make this synergy concept a success include: 1) the Tabanan Regency Government can facilitate the development of tourist villages; 2) farmers are expected to be open to accepting synergy models of work with the tourism sector, and 3) tourism actors assist farmers in identifying local potentials that have economic value. The policy will likely lead to more and better tourist villages, raising farmers' exchange rates and improving their lives. In conclusion, combining tourism and agriculture makes much sense. The rationalization of policies that local governments and farmers work on can help increase farmers' exchange rates locally and regionally.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The approximate prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) was 45.42% at Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital Banjarmasin. Bacillus sp. is a bacterium that can form spores that can be transmitted through air, dust, water and food. Poor oral conditions will increase the possibility of bacterial contamination, especially for ulcers found in RAS. This study aimed to analyzed correlation between the presence of Bacillus species and OHI-S in the oral ulceration of RAS patients. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among Oral Medicine Department outpatients at Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia. A total of 38 subjects were examined to assess Oral Hygiene Index Simplified and obtained bacteria samples using the swabs technique. Bacteria were then inoculated in blood agar base media and concurrently presented with gram staining. Bacteria were then identified using the catalase test, urease test, and oxidase test. Results: Bacillus species were predominantly identified in oral ulceration of RAS patients at Gusti Hasan Aman Dental Hospital Banjarmasin. Bacillus sp. (60,5%), Streptococcus sp. (34,2%), Neisseria sp. (2,6%), and Lactobacillus sp. (2,6%) were found in ulcerated RAS lesions. Spearman test resulted in p = 0.862 (p > 0.05), where no significant difference was obtained between presence of bacillus species and OHI-s in recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients. Conclusion: Bacillus species were predominantly identified in oral ulceration of RAS patients a. However, the presence of Bacillus sp. was not associated with OHI-S in RAS patients. Keywords: bacillus sp.; oral hygiene index simplified; recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh modal usaha, lokasi usaha, dan E-commerce secara simultan dan secara parsial terhadap penjualan UMKM bidang fashion di Kota Denpasar. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode accidental proportional sampling. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, maka jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah total seluruhnya yaitu 100 sampel yang akan masuk kedalam kategori usaha yang berada di dalam klaster wilayah yang dipilih dan kategori usaha yang berada di luar klaster. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji batasan linier berganda secara simultan dan uji signifikansi koefisien regresi secara parsial yang diuji menggunakan program SPSS 25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modal usaha, lokasi usaha, dan penggunaan E-commerce secara simultan berpengaruh positif terhadap penjualan UMKM bidang fashion di Kota Denpasar. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa modal usaha, lokasi usaha, dan penggunaan E-commerce secara parsial berpengaruh positif terhadap penjualan UMKM bidang fashion di Kota Denpasar. Kata kunci: modal usaha; lokasi usaha; E-commerce; penjualan; fashion