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In this paper, we demonstrate the successful implementation of reconfigurable field-programmable gate array technology into a pulse-resolved data acquisition system to achieve a femtosecond temporal resolution in ultrafast pump–probe experiments in real-time at large scale facilities. As proof of concept, electro-optic sampling of terahertz waveforms radiated by a superradiant emitter of a quasi-cw accelerator operating at a 50 kHz repetition rate and probed by an external laser system is performed. Options for up-scaling the developed technique to a MHz range of repetition rates are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was conducted during the months of January to March in the year 2023 at Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat). A field experiment was conducted to assess the performance of mulch and row covers in early watermelon cultivation with the primary aim on strategically removing row covers days after sowing. Randomized Block Design was employed with featuring of three treatments (mulching without row cover, mulching with row cover for 30 days and mulching with row cover for 45 days). Various yield and yield attribute parameters were recorded and analysed. The research findings indicated that the removal of row covers 30 days after sowing significantly influenced main vine length (2.72 m), number of nodes per main vine (36.40), number of fruits plant-1 (2.53), yield plant-1 (4.21 kg) and yield ha-1 (62.32 t ha-1). Removal of row covers 30 days after sowing exhibited higher net returns (₹ 4, 85, 419 ha-1) and higher benefit-cost ratio (4.52). Removal of row cover 45 days after sowing significantly reduced the watermelon yield. The results unveiled that mulching with a row cover aster 30 days of sowing is the optimal approach for increasing watermelon yield and net returns in early watermelon cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multiferroic YMn0.5Cr0.5O3 (YMCO) compound possesses magnetic phases that are debatable for their origin in intrinsic and extrinsic attributes. To extract the contribution of the polycrystalline disorder as well as determine the effect of structural modifications and epitaxial strain on the magnetic properties, we have formed YMCO bulk in polycrystalline pellet and powder forms, and epitaxial thin films with a wide range of compressive and tensile strains. The temperature and field dependent magnetization of polycrystals discards the possibility of magnetization reversal and unveils the presence of multidomain states with soft and hard characters in powder form. The epitaxial YMCO films possess an extraordinary structural control of their magnetic properties, as the tuning of compressive strain results in an increase of 4–5 factors of magnitude in the saturation magnetic moment. This strain engineering further allows a tuning of the magnetic property from spin frustration/short-range ordering to the long-range ordering, which also induces a rare phenomenon of sharp step-like metamagnetic transition. The implementation of magneto-terahertz time-domain spectroscopy on this system does not show the manifestation of any magnon/electromaganon resonance typical of a magnetoelectric phase, thus suggesting either a very weak or lack of coupling between magnetic and electric ordered parameters in polycrystalline YMCO. This study resolves some longstanding issues on the magnetic and magnetoelectric phases in addition to the epitaxial control of large magnetization and metamagnetic transition being potentially relevant in several aspects of spintronics applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Advancements in antiretroviral therapies (ART) have led to longer life expectancies for people living with HIV (PLWH). An understanding of comorbidity and comedication prevalence in HIV sub-populations is important [...]

Social media is a popular data source in the research community. It provides different opportunities to design practical applications to favor humanity and society. A significant amount of people consumes social media content. Thus, sometimes content promoters and influencers publish misleading and toxic content. Therefore, this paper proposes an unhealthy content filtering system using the information retrieval model SOIR to identify and remove poisonous content from social media. The Semantic query Optimization-based Information Retrieval (SOIR) uses Fuzzy C Means (FCM) clustering to produce a particular data structure. To incorporate a query generation technique for the generation of multiple queries to increase the probability of correct outcomes. The SOIR model is modified in this work to utilize the model with the social media toxic content filtering model. The model uses linguistic and semantically information to craft new feature sets. The Part of Speech (POS) tagging is used to construct the linguistic feature. Finally, the pattern-matching algorithm is designed to classify the tweets as toxic or nontoxic. Based on lexical and semantic analysis of similar semantic queries (Tweets), it is identified with the class labels of the tweets. Twitter text posts are used to create training and test samples in this context. Here, a total of 2002 tweets are used for the experiment. The experimental study has been carried out with the different I.R. models (K-NN, Cosine) based on precision, recall, and F1-Score demonstrating the superiority of the proposed classification model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between August and October 2020, following the monsoon, signs of lumpy skin disease (LSD) were recorded and described in 154 oxen, 34 cows, 13 calves (Bos indicus) and two Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) cows belonging to smallholder farmers in 32 villages located around the Kanha and Bandhavgarh tiger reserves in the state of Madhya Pradesh, central India. Affected animals were subjected to a full clinical examination and detailed findings were recorded in a clinical register. A semi-structured questionnaire was attached to the existing clinical register format to gather information on the clinical disease history and animal husbandry practices relevant to the spread of LSD virus. The affected animals were between 4 months and 14 years of age (mean 6.4 (SD 2.5) years). Persistent high temperature, depression, anorexia, and characteristic round nodules (lumps) on the skin were reported. The nodules were 2–5 cm in diameter and spread over the face, ears, neck, back, perineum, scrotum, legs, tail, udder, and nasal and oral mucosa. Secondary complications of myiasis (n = 39), mastitis (n = 16) and ulcerative lesions on legs were noticed. Death was reported for one animal (0.5%). The affected animals' recovery times were variable (mean 18.4 (SD 2.7) days). There was a significant positive correlation between delay in initiating treatment and the duration of sickness. Reduction in milk yield of 30–55% was reported in Bos indicus cows. Clinical findings and treatment responses consistent with lumpy skin disease and its sequelae. The presumptive LSD outbreak caused serious economic loss to the animal keepers. LSD is a new disease for India and in the absence of active immunisation, efficient vector control, animal movement control and stall-feeding practice, it will inevitably become endemic in the country. The severe impacts resulting from the introduction of a new disease to a previously unaffected country highlight the need for iterative improvements in global transboundary disease surveillance. The value of clinical examination and recording of findings is demonstrated in the context of smallholder farming systems with limited access to laboratory diagnosis, which are common around the world. The description of an LSD outbreak in naïve populations of cattle and buffalo illustrates the need for increased awareness of the associated clinical signs and maintenance of high levels of biosecurity in hitherto disease-free countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elastic scattering cross sections of 11B projectile on the 232Th target have been measured at different bombarding energies close to the Coulomb barrier. The data has been analyzed for this system using the optical model ECIS code with phenomenological Woods-Saxon forms of the optical potentials. The energy dependence of the volume type real and imaginary parts of the optical potentials are derived from the best fit of the experimental angular distribution data. The total reaction cross sections are obtained from optical model analysis.

An excited state of 12C having excitation energy (Ex) 9.65 ± 0.02 MeV and width (FWHM) 607 ± 55 keV, which decays to three α particles via Hoyle state (Ex = 7.65 MeV), has been directly identified in the exclusive inelastic scattering of 60 MeV 4He on 12C, measured in coincidence with the recoiling 12C Hoyle state (decaying mostly as 12C* → 8Begs → α → α + α + α) by event-by-event kinematic reconstruction of the completely detected (4α) events. This state is likely to be a candidate for 22+ first excited of Hoyle state.

The high-spin states in 197Tl were studied by populating them using the 197Au(α, 4n)197 Tl reaction at 48 MeV of beam energy. γ−γ coincidence data were taken using a combination of clover, LEPS (low energy photon spectrometer) and single crystal HPGe detectors. The polarization and DCO measurements were performed for definite spin and parity assignment of the excited states. The πi13/2 intruder state has been identified for the first time in this nucleus. The total Routhian surface calculations have been performed to study the shape and deformation of 197Tl for different configurations.