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Background: Infective hepatitis is a major health hazard in the Indian sub-continent with a large population and improper sanitation adding to the malady. Water-borne or infective hepatitis has no treatment in modern medicine. However, there are multiple accounts of how infective hepatitis can be successfully cured by Ayurvedic medicine. Aim: To review relevant studies in Ayurveda claiming to treat hepatitis. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted using 'Treatment of Hepatitis' and 'Ayurveda' as the primary search criterion. Results: 27 articles were revealed by the search. 16 of these 27 articles were selected after reading all abstracts. All 16 articles were reviewed in detail and thereafter the current article was written. Conclusion: Ayurveda definitely has a lot to offer in terms of the treatment of hepatitis. However, a mass awareness of this potential of Ayurvedic medicine is desirable to achieve a larger impact on the society.

Investigating the role of leading edge tubercles on the aerodynamic behavior of S823 airfoil tailored for wind turbine applications has been the forefront of the study. The aerodynamic characteristics of S823 airfoil effectuated by leading edge tubercles are ascertained at Reynolds number Re=200000 which is the usual operating range of most of the small-scale wind turbines. Firstly, the study elucidates the numerical investigation of baseline airfoil and later modified airfoils exhibiting different amplitude A and wavelength of the sinusoidal leading edge tubercles represented as A07W50, A12W50, and A07W25. The aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoils at Re=200000 and angles-of-attack ranging from 00 to 200 are evaluated numerically through k- SST turbulence model using ANSYS FLUENT® software package. A preliminary comparison of the computational data shows that the coefficient of lift Cl of all the modified airfoils was visibly superior to the baseline model across the angles tested. A07W50, A12W50 and A07W25 registered 20.6%, 26.2%, and 8.7% increase in the Cl values as compared to the baseline model. Contrasting to the Cl values, the aerodynamic efficiency Cl/Cd of the baseline model was slightly better but only across the pre-stall regime and later culminated with a sudden hard stall. Promisingly, this type of hard stall was not true for the tubercled models that demonstrated a more gradual and restrained stalling characteristic, thus showcasing superior performance in the post stall envelope that was never observed for the baseline model. Based on the outcomes, A07W50 model that displayed better aerodynamic characteristics was eventually fabricated and experimentally tested for its performance in a low speed wind tunnel. The numerical results of A07W50 were in good agreement with the experimental results. The overall results of the study prove beyond any point of doubt that tubercles indeed aid in improving the aerodynamic characteristics by enhancing the lift Coefficient Cl, rendering soft stalling nature and extending the scope of operation for the airfoil under study. Finally, the study positively confirms that leading edge tubercles very much play a significant role in passively augmenting the fluid dynamic characteristics of S823 airfoil and also qualify them to be a competitive passive flow control device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To document pregnancy-related dermatoses. Methods A hospital-based observational study was conducted in the dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary care institute. A total of 350 pregnant females were included in the study after taking informed consent. Detailed history including demographic data, chief complaints related to skin, presence of itching, skin lesions, onset in relation to duration of pregnancy, jaundice, vaginal discharge, past or family history of similar lesions, exacerbating factors, associated medical or skin disorders etc. was elicited and recorded. Relevant systemic examination and appropriate investigations were done to confirm diagnosis if required. In all cases with history of pruritus related to specific disorders of pregnancy, liver function tests were done. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 20. Results Most common physiological skin changes were pigmentary (98%) followed by striae distensae (76%), glandular changes (15.4%) and vascular (10%). Nail changes were observed in 7 (2%) females. 38 (11%) patients had pregnancy-induced dermatoses. Atopic eczema of pregnancy (49.7%) was the most common condition i.e. 19 patients out of 38 which includes eczema (31.5%), prurigo (13%) and pruritic folliculitis (3.1%). followed by polymorphic eruptions (5.2%) was the most common condition followed by atopic eruptions (19.1%),herpes gestationis and intrahepatic cholestasis were observed in one (2.6%) and two (5.3%) females, respectively. Conclusion Pregnant women are prone to suffer from a wide range of dermatological problems apart from the specific dermatoses of pregnancy. These pruritic dermatoses are unique to the gravid state. A detailed history and awareness of clinical presentation facilitate confirmation of the diagnosis and will direct the most appropriate laboratory evaluation in an effort to minimize maternal and fetal morbidity. In addition, monitoring of liver function deserves special consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the mental health of health-care workers worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological distress in medical interns during the pandemic and examine the factors influencing it. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using snowball sampling among 764 medical interns across India, who were evaluated using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and semi-structured questionnaires. Univariate analysis was done using Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and ANOVA, while multivariate analysis was conducted using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: 57.5% of the interns reported psychological distress, with 39.8% having moderate-to-severe distress. Past consultation with a mental health professional (odds ratio [OR]: 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42–3.26) and perceived lack of support from friends (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.33–3.99) and faculty (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.41–3.28) were the most significant predictors of distress. Fear of COVID-19 was higher in interns who were female, were medically ill, were dissatisfied with the pandemic preparedness at the hospital, and perceived the faculty to be less approachable and supportive. Majority of the interns felt that the pandemic had hampered their learning and were worried about an extension to their internship and their performance in the postgraduate entrance examinations. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological distress was highly prevalent among interns, with several workplaces and personal factors affecting the distress levels. Most interns perceived a negative impact of the pandemic on their learning and career. Addressing these issues could help alleviate the distress and bolster the mental health of interns.

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disorder that is characterized by severe and debilitating fatigue of at least 6 months duration not explained on the basis of medical and psychiatric illnesses and has other associated characteristics. The disorder has a resemblance to many other disorders described in the past including myalgic encephalitis and post-infective fatigue; however, the term itself and the criteria for diagnosing this disorder were first laid out in 1988. The disorder has received attention from a wide range of clinicians and researchers. The mechanism of causation of this disorder has been poorly understood, though biological, psychological and social factors seem to play a role. The disorder causes significant impairment and is highly comorbid with other disorders. Non-pharmacological measures like graded exercise therapy and cognitive behavior therapy seem to work better for treatment than pharmacological measures. This narrative review takes an overview of chronic fatigue syndrome from a generalist standpoint and looks into the clinical features, etiopathogenesis and management of this disorder.

Eating problems are commonly encountered in childhood and adolescents, and may be manifestation of a variety of psychiatric disorders when medical causes are excluded. We present the case of a young lady presenting with problems of eating which presented with difficulties of ascribing a diagnostic label for eating problems. The patient, a 12-year-old girl with history suggestive of mild mental retardation and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy presented with selective eating of foodstuffs which improved spontaneously in 2 months. The different diagnostic possibilities entertained for the case are discussed.

Background: Infective hepatitis is a major health hazard in the Indian sub-continent with a large population and improper sanitation adding to the malady. Water-borne or infective hepatitis has no treatment in modern medicine. However, there are multiple accounts of how infective hepatitis can be successfully cured by Ayurvedic medicine., Aim: To review relevant studies in Ayurveda claiming to treat hepatitis., Materials and Methods: A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted using 'Treatment of Hepatitis' and 'Ayurveda' as the primary search criterion., Results: 27 articles were revealed by the search. 16 of these 27 articles were selected after reading all abstracts. All 16 articles were reviewed in detail and thereafter the current article was written., Conclusion: Ayurveda definitely has a lot to offer in terms of the treatment of hepatitis. However, a mass awareness of this potential of Ayurvedic medicine is desirable to achieve a larger impact on the society.