Search

This study investigates the electrocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green dye using different nanocatalysts coated on stainless steel mesh. Nanocrystalline Zn0.5Co2.5O4/N-doped rGO composite was prepared via hydrothermal method. The phase purity, morphological and structural features were assessed using characterization techniques namely XRD and TEM analysis. Catalyst coated stainless steel electrode were employed for the electrocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green (MG) dye in 10mM NaCl electrolyte with application of potential and a current of 20V and 20mA respectively. The effect of NaCl electrolyte on the degradation rate have been studied. The decrease in the intensity of dye color was monitored by UV Visible spectrometer at different intervals of time. Malachite Green dye was completely degraded using these electrodes at 60 minutes. At 15 and 30 minutes, Zn0.5Co2.5O4/N-doped rGO composite coated stainless steel electrode showed higher rate over the uncoated stainless steel electrode. The products formed after electrocatalytic degradation were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The effect of the catalyst on the degradation rate was monitored and studied. The results were promising as the catalyst coated stainless steel electrode took less time compared to uncoated stainless steel electrode for the degradation of Malachite Green dye. The catalyst coated on the stainless steel mesh provides high surface area and better contact between catalysts and dye molecules with high electrochemical activity. This widens its applications for remediation of various textile effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work involves the photo catalytic reduction of Cd (II) from effluents using α- Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Cd (II) solutions were mixed with synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles with appropriate processing conditions. The extent of reduction of Cd(II) were measured using UV-visible spectrophotometer. A three level three factor central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the effect of the three process variables namely initial concentration, catalyst dosage, pH on cadmium (II) reduction from aqueous solution. The design of 20 experiments was carried out to develop a quadratic model by linking the process factors to response. The use of Analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the adequacy of the model yielded model's regression coefficient R2 of 0.993 and F-value of 158.41. These are indicative of the model's adequacy to navigate the design space. The optimum conditions of initial concentration (2ppm), catalyst dosage (150mg), pH (4) were obtained from the desirability function. It was observed that 94.43% of Cd (II) could be reduced to Cd (0) in 150 minutes using α- Fe2O3 catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel method for the synthesis of flexible bio based porous polyurethane is reported in this investigation. Polyol used for the synthesis of polyurethane was derived from soybean oil and nanocellulose were derived from pineapple leaves. Further nanocellulose was surface functionalized by silylation. These functionalized nanocellulose was incorporated as filler into the prepared polyurethane matrix to enhance the adsorption efficiency of the polymer nanocellulose composites. The synthesized bio-based polyol from soybean oil, nanocellulose from pineapple leaves and the bio based porous polyurethane nanocellulose composite (BPPUC) were characterized by various analytical techniques such as NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), FESEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy), and XRD (X-Ray diffraction). Simulated waste water containing Methylene blue (MB, cationic dye), Rhodamine B (RH-B, fluorescent dye) was used to study the adsorption characteristics of the prepared flexible BPPUC using UV-Visible spectroscopy. It was found that the prepared composites showed selective adsorption towards rhodamine B over methylene blue and maximum adsorption capacity for Rhodamine B was found to be 271 mg/g of functionalized nanocellulose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-storeyed buildings and tall structures are subjected to lateral loads due to earthquake. These loads cause the failure of structures if buildings are not designed according to seismic standards. To avoid such failures due to up-gradation of seismic zones or additions to buildings, retrofitting is adopted to increase the strength of existing buildings. Bracing systems are suitable for tall structures. This paper presents experimental and numerical studies conducted on a scaled-down three-dimensional model fabricated with and without bracings. The acceleration versus time graph results of the experimental studies is compared with the results of ABAQUS. FEM model is updated to match time history responses of acceleration in the two analyses. Experimental dynamic analysis is carried out with the help of a shake table apparatus. The model is connected to accelerometers ADXL345 on each floor and these accelerometers are connected to the Arduino Uno board. Numerical experiments were conducted for different configurations of braces. The ABAQUS results show that displacement is reduced by 72.9 percent, 75.8 percent for diagonal bracing and X bracing in alternate floors, 79.5 percent and 80.8 percent for diagonal bracing and X bracing in all floors. Non-destructive tests are conducted on an existing multi-storeyed building at MSRUAS to obtain existing strength parameters and were implemented in the model of the building. The building is analyzed with and without bracings and displacements are compared. It was found that displacements reduced with an increase in base shear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research work an effort will be made to fabricate a hybrid metal matrix composite to study its mechanical properties. The Hybrid metal matrix composite will be prepared by taking Aluminium 6061 as a matrix and Boron-carbide (B4C) and graphite as a ceramic material by stir casting technique. The microstructure test is to be carried out using optical microscope to check the homogeneous distribution of ceramic materials. The addition of ceramic material increases the hardness value of the material. Mechanical testing will be carried out like Impact, hardness, flexural, fatigue and the test results will be compared with the pure Aluminium as casted. The composite material showing the best characteristics during the testing will be researched further for the development in industrial applications. From the results, the specimen number 4 (88%Al;9%B4C & 3%Gr) has shown the best results and can be proceeded for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare remineralization potential of novel calcium sensitive Casein, fluoridated and non-fluoridated dentifrice using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). An in-vitro experimental study was carried out on 45 extracted maxillary first premolars, which were collected according to the inclusion criteria and stored in 10% formalin solution followed by demineralization process. Acrylic embedded teeth blocks were prepared and randomly divided in 3 groups: Group A: fluoridated dentifrice, Group B: non-fluoridated dentifrice and Group C: novel Calcium sensitive Casein dentifrice. All the samples were subjected to remineralization process using pH cycling model for 28 days. DIAGNOdent® pen measurement were obtained at three different time intervals i.e., before demineralization, after demineralization and remineralization. Specimens were observed under SEM after demineralization and remineralization procedure. The results that were obtained on DIAGNOdent® pen measurements before and after treatment showed the Casein group was statistically significant than fluoridated group (p<0.020). Casein dentifrice showed highest remineralization, as opposed to fluoridated and non-fluoridated dentifrice and thus can be used for the management of initial carious lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives are prominent molecules in pharmaceutical industries for their various medicinal properties. Among various heterocyclic moieties benzo[4, 5]imidazo[2, 1-b]thiazole has gained lot of interest of synthetic organic chemist and biologist due to their potent pharmacological activities. The present work involves an efficient synthetic route for the synthesis of Bromomalonaldehyde from 1,1,3,3,-tetromethoxypropane and bromine under mild conditions. Further 2-mercaptobenzimidazole carbaldehyde synthesis from Bromomalonaldehyde and 2-marcaptobenzimidazole. Further condensation of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole carbaldehyde with primary amines yields novel Schiff base of benzo[4, 5]imidazo[2, 1-b]thiazole. All the synthesized compounds have been supported by infra-red spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic spectrum and LC-M S spectral data for structural confirmation. The newly synthesized compounds have been screened for their antioxidant studies by DPPH method. Compound Benzo[4, 5]imidazo[2, 1-b]thiazole-2-carbaldehyde showed 95% inhibiton for 500 µg/lit when compared to 7-Nitrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-2-carbaldehyde which showed 85% inhibton for 500 µg/ml. Among the sythesised Schiff bases, compound 1-(benzo[4,5]imida zole[2,1-b]thia zole-2-yl)-N -(4-nitrophenyl)methanimine showed 97.5% inhibition for 800 µg/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co(II) metal complexes of 2-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylthio)methyl)-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (mmitmbz) were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR, molar conductance and CHN analyses. Based on spectral characterization, tetrahedral geometry has been proposed for synthesized compounds. Synthesized Co(II) complexes gave better response than ligand when plant growth development activities were studied using Protocorm Like Bodies (PLB's) of Oncidium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient synthesis of novel ethyl 7-amino-3-benzoylindolizine-1-carboxylate derivatives has been described using 4-aminopyridine and different phenacyl bromides in acetone and fallowed by reacting with electron-deficient acetylenes in the presence of potassium carbonate base with anhydrous DMF solvent. The structures of newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed by spectroscopic techniques and studied there in vitro antioxidant properties using a DPPH scavenging method. The compound ethyl 7-amino-3-(4-methoxybenzoyl) indolizine-1-carboxylate has shown good antioxidant potent. The compound ethyl 7-amino-3-(4-methoxybenzoyl)indolizine-1-carboxylate, ethyl 7-amino-3-(4-bromobenzoyl)indolizine-1-carboxylate and ethyl 7-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzoyl)indolizine-1-carboxylate has very potent to anti-bacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental caries is a major health problem affecting both adults and children. Prevention of dental caries is a priority in dental services. Fluoride varnish is one of the known delivery system in the prevention of dental caries. But fluoride varnish is associated with certain drawbacks like dental fluorosis, discoloration of teeth, gingival burning sensation and development of contact allergy. Hence, a novel varnish containing isolated cocoa components like catechin and epicatechin was formulated which is natural and safe. The developed novel varnish was evaluated for biocompatibility and drug release profile. The biocompatibility of the developed varnish was evaluated using MTT (3-(4) 5-Dimethyl-thiazol-Zyl) - 2, 5 biphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay at different dilutions (2.5%, 5%, 10% and 20%). The drug release profile of the formulation was evaluated using UV-Spectrometer at different time intervals (30mins, 1hr, 2hrs, 3hrs and 4hrs). The result shows that the developed varnish has excellent biocompatibility and sustained drug release from 30mins till 4hrs of time intervals. Based on the data, we can conclude that the developed dental varnish can be used clinically without any toxicity for prevention of dental caries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chicken Egg Shell contains calcium phosphate which may mimic bone composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate remineralization efficiency of Chicken Eggshell Powder (CEP) on demineralized human tooth enamel in-vitro using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). In this study a window of 3x3 mm on 15 extracted human teeth were prepared and demineralized for 48 hours to create artificial early carious lesions on the enamel. The teeth were assigned randomly to three study groups of 5 teeth each and the groups being artificial saliva, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) and CEP. The samples were then subjected to 4 remineralising demineralizing cycles of 2 hours each and prepared for evaluation under SEM and EDX analysis. The obtained results were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. The statistically evaluated results revealed that the levels of calcium in the teeth treated with CEP was higher than the teeth treated with CPP-ACP but the calcium-phosphate ratio showed no significant difference. The results confirmed CEP as a potential biomaterial for remineralization of early carious lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the biocompatibility of cranberry and grape seed extract as intracanal medicaments (ICM). Gel form of intracanal medicaments were formulated using cranberry and grape seed extract to which carbopol was added as a biocompatible polymer. Formulated intracanal medicaments were evaluated for biocompatibility and compared with commercially available Chlorhexidine gel intracanal medicament. Intracanal medicaments were divided into four study groups i.e., Group I containing cranberry ICM, GroupII containing grape seed ICM, Group III containing chlorhexidene gel, and Group IV containing saline as control, for the evaluation of biocompatibility property using MTT (3-(4) 5-Dimethyl-thiazol-Zyl) - 2,5 biphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The present study suggests that ICM containing Grape seed extract (67.08%) showed least cell inhibition followed by cranberry extract ICM(73.37%) and chlorhexidene gel ICM (78.71%) at maximum concentration of 320mg/ml. ICM containing Grape seed extract and cranberry extract showed good biocompatibility and can be used as alternate to commercially available chlorhexidine gel ICM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]