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95 results on '"Prévôt, A.S.H."'

8. A European aerosol phenomenology - 7: High-time resolution chemical characteristics of submicron particulate matter across Europe

Author

Bressi, M., Cavalli, F., Putaud, J.P., Fröhlich, R., Petit, J.-E., Aas, W., Äijälä, M., Alastuey, A., Allan, J.D., Aurela, M., Berico, M., Bougiatioti, A., Bukowiecki, N., Canonaco, F., Crenn, V., Dusanter, S., Ehn, M., Elsasser, M., Flentje, H., Graf, P., Green, D.C., Heikkinen, L., Hermann, H., Holzinger, R., Hueglin, C., Keernik, H., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Kubelová, L., Lunder, C., Maasikmets, M., Makeš, O., Malaguti, A., Mihalopoulos, N., Nicolas, J.B., O'Dowd, C., Ovadnevaite, J., Petralia, E., Poulain, L., Priestman, M., Riffault, V., Ripoll, A., Schlag, P., Schwarz, J., Sciare, J., Slowik, J., Sosedova, Y., Stavroulas, I., Teinemaa, E., Via, M., Vodička, P., Williams, P.I., Wiedensohler, A., Young, D.E., Zhang, S., Favez, O., Minguillón, M.C., and Prevot, A.S.H.

Published
2021
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13. Contribution of methane to aerosol carbon mass

Author

Bianchi, F., Barmet, P., Stirnweis, L., El Haddad, I., Platt, S.M., Saurer, M., Lötscher, C., Siegwolf, R., Bigi, A., Hoyle, C.R., DeCarlo, P.F., Slowik, J.G., Prévôt, A.S.H., Baltensperger, U., and Dommen, J.

Published
2016
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14. A new methodology to assess the performance and uncertainty of source apportionment models II: The results of two European intercomparison exercises

Author

Belis, C.A., Karagulian, F., Amato, F., Almeida, M., Artaxo, P., Beddows, D.C.S., Bernardoni, V., Bove, M.C., Carbone, S., Cesari, D., Contini, D., Cuccia, E., Diapouli, E., Eleftheriadis, K., Favez, O., El Haddad, I., Harrison, R.M., Hellebust, S., Hovorka, J., Jang, E., Jorquera, H., Kammermeier, T., Karl, M., Lucarelli, F., Mooibroek, D., Nava, S., Nøjgaard, J.K., Paatero, P., Pandolfi, M., Perrone, M.G., Petit, J.E., Pietrodangelo, A., Pokorná, P., Prati, P., Prevot, A.S.H., Quass, U., Querol, X., Saraga, D., Sciare, J., Sfetsos, A., Valli, G., Vecchi, R., Vestenius, M., Yubero, E., and Hopke, P.K.

Published
2015
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22. Modelling Organic Aerosol in Europe: Improved CAMx and Contribution of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Sources

Author

Jiang, J., Aksoyoglu, S., Haddad, I. el, Ciarelli, G., Oikonomakis, E., Gon, H.A.C. denier van der, and Prévôt, A.S.H.

Subjects
Urbanisation, Environment, Environment & Sustainability
Abstract

Chemical transport model (CTM) simulation of organic aerosol (OA) is always challenged by numerous sources and complicated formation processes of secondary organic aerosol. In this study, we conducted a source-specific, whole-year (2011) simulation of organic aerosol in Europe using the air quality model CAMx v6.3 with volatility basis set (VBS) scheme after implementing new findings from experimental studies. The VBS module was parameterized based on the latest data for gasoline and diesel vehicles and wood combustion from the smog-chamber experiments. The model performance was evaluated using OA measurements from the ACSM (Aerodyne Chemical Speciation Monitor) and AMS (Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer) network and contributions from 6 different anthropogenic (gasoline and diesel vehicles with old or new technologies, biomass burning, and other sources (OP)) and biogenic sources were estimated. The modified VBS scheme improved the model performance on OA simulation during the whole period by reducing the bias between model and measurements by up to 52%. The OA concentrations were dominated by biomass burning in winter, while biogenic emissions were the main sources in summer. The contribution of road traffic was relatively lower compared to studies in the USA. The contribution of new gasoline and diesel vehicles (after Euro IV emission standards or equipped with diesel particle filters) to the total OA was negligible. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

Published
2020

30. Aerosol particle measurements at three stationary sites in the megacity of Paris during summer 2009: meteorology and air mass origin dominate aerosol particle composition and size distribution

Author

Freutel, Friederike, Schneider, Jodi, Drewnick, F., von Der Weiden-Reinmüller, S.-L., Crippa, Monica, Prévôt, A.S.H., Baltensperger, Urs, Poulain, L., Wiedensohler, A., Sciare, J., Sarda-Estève, R., Burkhart, J.F., Eckhardt, S., Stohl, A., Gros, Valérie, Colomb, Aurélie, Michoud, Vincent, Doussin, J.F., Borbon, Agnès, Haeffelin, M., Morille, Y., Beekmann, Matthias, Borrmann, S., Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Atmosphérique Expérimentale (CAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de météorologie physique (LaMP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Site Instrumental de Recherche Par Télédétection Atmosphérique, Palaiseau, France, Institute for Atmospheric Physics [Mainz] (IPA), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Johannes Gutenberg - University of Mainz (JGU)

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, 13. Climate action, 010501 environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

During July 2009, a one-month measurement campaign was performed in the megacity of Paris. Amongst other measurement platforms, three stationary sites distributed over an area of 40 km in diameter in the greater Paris region enabled a detailed characterization of the aerosol particle and gas phase. Simulation results from the FLEXPART dispersion model were used to distinguish between different types of air masses sampled. It was found that the origin of air masses had a large influence on measured mass concentrations of the secondary species particulate sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, and oxygenated organic aerosol measured with the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer in the submicron particle size range: particularly high concentrations of these species (about 4 μg m−3, 2 μg m−3, 2 μg m−3, and 7 μg m−3, respectively) were measured when aged material was advected from continental Europe, while for air masses originating from the Atlantic, much lower mass concentrations of these species were observed (about 1 μg m−3, 0.2 μg m−3, 0.4 μg m−3, and 1–3 μg m−3, respectively). For the primary emission tracers hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol, black carbon, and NOx it was found that apart from diurnal source strength variations and proximity to emission sources, local meteorology had the largest influence on measured concentrations, with higher wind speeds leading to larger dilution and therefore smaller measured concentrations. Also the shape of particle size distributions was affected by wind speed and air mass origin. Quasi-Lagrangian measurements performed under connected flow conditions between the three stationary sites were used to estimate the influence of the Paris emission plume onto its surroundings, which was found to be rather small. Rough estimates for the impact of the Paris emission plume on the suburban areas can be inferred from these measurements: Volume mixing ratios of 1–14 ppb of NOx, and upper limits for mass concentrations of about 1.5 μg m−3 of black carbon and of about 3 μg m−3 of hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol can be deduced which originate from both, local emissions and the overall Paris emission plume. The secondary aerosol particle phase species were found to be not significantly influenced by the Paris megacity, indicating their regional origin. The submicron aerosol mass concentrations of particulate sulphate, nitrate, and ammonium measured during time periods when air masses were advected from eastern central Europe were found to be similar to what has been found from other measurement campaigns in Paris and south-central France for this type of air mass origin, indicating that the results presented here are also more generally valid.

Published
2013

33. Overview of the impact of wood burning emissions on carbonaceous aerosols and PM in the Alpine region

Author

Herich, H., Gianini, M.F.D., Piot, C., Cozic, J., Jaffrezo, J-L., Besombes, Jean-Luc, Prévôt, A.S.H., Hueglin, Ch., Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement (LCME), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Oumedjbeur, Abdelkrim, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

34. Biomass burning contributions to urban aerosols in a coastal Mediterranean City

Author

Reche, C., Viana, M., Amato, F., Alastuey, A., Moreno, T., Hillamo, R., Teinilä, K., Saarnio, K., Seco, R., Peñuelas, J., Mohr, C., Prévôt, A.S.H., and Querol, X.

Subjects
Energy Efficiency, Earth & Environment, Energy / Geological Survey Netherlands, Levoglucosan, Agricultural residue, Forest fire, CAS - Climate, Air and Sustainability, Environment, Open burning, Wildfire, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences
Abstract

Mean annual biomass burning contributions to the bulk particulate matter (PM X) load were quantified in a southern-European urban environment (Barcelona, Spain) with special attention to typical Mediterranean winter and summer conditions. In spite of the complexity of the local air pollution cocktail and the expected low contribution of biomass burning emissions to PM levels in Southern Europe, the impact of these emissions was detected at an urban background site by means of tracers such as levoglucosan, K + and organic carbon (OC). The significant correlation between levoglucosan and OC (r 2=0.77) and K + (r 2=0.65), as well as a marked day/night variability of the levoglucosan levels and levoglucosan/OC ratios was indicative of the contribution from regional scale biomass burning emissions during night-time transported by land breezes. In addition, on specific days (21-22 March), the contribution from long-range transported biomass burning aerosols was detected.Quantification of the contribution of biomass burning aerosols to PM levels on an annual basis was possible by means of the Multilinear Engine (ME). Biomass burning emissions accounted for 3% of PM 10 and PM 2.5 (annual mean), while this percentage increased up to 5% of PM 1. During the winter period, regional-scale biomass burning emissions (agricultural waste burning) were estimated to contribute with 7±4% of PM 2.5 aerosols during night-time (period when emissions were clearly detected). Long-range transported biomass burning aerosols (possibly from forest fires and/or agricultural waste burning) accounted for 5±2% of PM 2.5 during specific episodes. Annually, biomass burning emissions accounted for 19%-21% of OC levels in PM 10, PM 2.5 and PM 1. The contribution of this source to K + ranged between 48% for PM 10 and 97% for PM 1 (annual mean). Results for K + from biomass burning evidenced that this tracer is mostly emitted in the fine fraction, and thus coarse K + could not be taken as an appropriate tracer of biomass burning. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Published
2012

36. Two-stroke scooters are a dominant source of air pollution in many cities

Author

Platt, S.M., primary, Haddad, I.El., additional, Pieber, S.M., additional, Huang, R.-J., additional, Zardini, A.A., additional, Clairotte, M., additional, Suarez-Bertoa, R., additional, Barmet, P., additional, Pfaffenberger, L., additional, Wolf, R., additional, Slowik, J.G., additional, Fuller, S.J., additional, Kalberer, M., additional, Chirico, R., additional, Dommen, J., additional, Astorga, C., additional, Zimmermann, R., additional, Marchand, N., additional, Hellebust, S., additional, Temime-Roussel, B., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, and Prévôt, A.S.H., additional

Published
2014
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41. Atmospheric composition change – global and regional air quality

Author

Monks, P.S., primary, Granier, C., additional, Fuzzi, S., additional, Stohl, A., additional, Williams, M.L., additional, Akimoto, H., additional, Amann, M., additional, Baklanov, A., additional, Baltensperger, U., additional, Bey, I., additional, Blake, N., additional, Blake, R.S., additional, Carslaw, K., additional, Cooper, O.R., additional, Dentener, F., additional, Fowler, D., additional, Fragkou, E., additional, Frost, G.J., additional, Generoso, S., additional, Ginoux, P., additional, Grewe, V., additional, Guenther, A., additional, Hansson, H.C., additional, Henne, S., additional, Hjorth, J., additional, Hofzumahaus, A., additional, Huntrieser, H., additional, Isaksen, I.S.A., additional, Jenkin, M.E., additional, Kaiser, J., additional, Kanakidou, M., additional, Klimont, Z., additional, Kulmala, M., additional, Laj, P., additional, Lawrence, M.G., additional, Lee, J.D., additional, Liousse, C., additional, Maione, M., additional, McFiggans, G., additional, Metzger, A., additional, Mieville, A., additional, Moussiopoulos, N., additional, Orlando, J.J., additional, O'Dowd, C.D., additional, Palmer, P.I., additional, Parrish, D.D., additional, Petzold, A., additional, Platt, U., additional, Pöschl, U., additional, Prévôt, A.S.H., additional, Reeves, C.E., additional, Reimann, S., additional, Rudich, Y., additional, Sellegri, K., additional, Steinbrecher, R., additional, Simpson, D., additional, ten Brink, H., additional, Theloke, J., additional, van der Werf, G.R., additional, Vautard, R., additional, Vestreng, V., additional, Vlachokostas, Ch., additional, and von Glasow, R., additional

Published
2009
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49. A mobile pollutant measurement laboratory—measuring gas phase and aerosol ambient concentrations with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Author

Bukowiechi, N., Dommen, J., Prévôt, A.S.H., Richter, R., Weingartner, E., and Baltensperger, U.

Subjects
*AEROSOLS, *AIR pollution
Abstract

A mobile pollutant measurement laboratory was designed and built at the Paul Scherrer Institute (Switzerland) for the measurement of on-road ambient concentrations of a large set of trace gases and aerosol parameters with high time resolution (<15 s for most instruments), along with geographical and meteorological information. This approach allowed for pollutant level measurements both near traffic (e.g. in urban areas or on freeways/main roads) and at rural locations far away from traffic, within short periods of time and at different times of day and year. Such measurements were performed on a regular base during the project year of gas phase and aerosol measurements (YOGAM). This paper presents data measured in the Zürich (Switzerland) area on a late autumn day (6 November) in 2001. The local urban particle background easily reached 50000 cm[sup -3], with additional peak particle number concentrations of up to 400000 cm[sup -3]. The regional background of the total particle number concentration was not found to significantly correlate with the distance to traffic and anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. On the other hand, this correlation was significant for the number concentration of particles in the size range 50-150 nm, indicating that the particle number concentration in this size range is a better traffic indicator than the total number concentration. Particle number size distribution measurements showed that daytime urban ambient air is dominated by high number concentrations of ultrafine particles (nanoparticles) with diameters <50 nm, which are immediately formed by traffic exhaust and thus belong to the primary emissions. However, significant variation of the nanoparticle mode was also observed in number size distributions measured in rural areas both at daytime and nighttime, suggesting that nanoparticles are not exclusively formed by primary traffic emissions. While urban daytime total number concentrations were... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002

50. The weekly cycle of ambient concentrations and traffic emissions of coarse (PM10–PM2.5) atmospheric particles

Author

Barmpadimos, I., Nufer, M., Oderbolz, D.C., Keller, J., Aksoyoglu, S., Hueglin, C., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A.S.H.

Subjects
*TRANSPORTATION & the environment, *EMISSIONS (Air pollution), *PARTICULATE matter, *AIR pollution, *AIR quality, *ENVIRONMENTAL sciences
Abstract

Abstract: The aim of the study is to investigate the existence of a weekly cycle of coarse mode (PM10–PM2.5) atmospheric particles, to compare this weekly cycle to the weekly cycle of PM2.5 and to compare the strength of the coarse mode weekly cycle in different seasons and different wind speed, wind direction and precipitation conditions. In addition, an estimate of the contribution of traffic to the total ambient coarse mode particulate matter in Zurich, Switzerland is provided by estimating the weekly cycle of coarse mode traffic emissions and by comparing it to the weekly cycle of ambient concentrations. The coarse mode data used in the study are the result of simultaneous daily measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 at seven sites located in Switzerland. The measurements cover a period of 7–12 years for six stations and 3 years for one station. It is found that a coarse mode weekly cycle is present in various types of urban and rural stations. Ambient concentrations on weekdays are higher than on Sundays by a factor of 1.53 on average over all urban and suburban sites and by a factor of 1.32 on average over all rural sites. Moreover, the relative increase of coarse mode ambient concentrations on weekdays compared to Sundays was larger than the relative increase of PM2.5 concentrations by a factor of 2.7 on average over all urban and suburban sites, whereas no considerable difference was found at the rural sites. A calculation of coarse mode traffic emissions for an urban scenario was carried out using traffic-induced dust resuspension and brake wear emission factors for light and heavy duty vehicles and traffic counts from Zurich, Switzerland. It is shown that coarse mode emissions on weekdays are greater than on Sundays by a factor of 2.0. The contribution of traffic to coarse mode urban ambient concentrations was estimated to be 53% (34%–78%) on Sundays and 70% (57%–86%) on weekdays. It is deemed however that these numbers are somewhat overestimating the traffic contribution because of lack of information on construction activities around the considered sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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