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Changes of food prices, which assume daily consumption, directly affect the volume and consumption structure of households, therefore, consumers are sensitive to price changes in these product markets. Among these is the poultry market, as poultry has a significant share in the structure of food consumption of the population of Armenia, thanks to its relatively low price and dietary properties. However, the level of poultry self-sufficiency is quite low in Armenia and the majority of the demand for this product is satisfied by imports, due to which the world market prices have a big influence on the market prices of poultry. On the other hand, the poultry market of RA cannot be free from internal inflationary pressures and other economic effects. In this context, in this article, a comprehensive analysis of price changes and pricing mechanisms in the poultry market of the Republic of Armenia is carried out. In addition to internal and external macro determinants, the micro-factors, influencing the mechanism, have also been analyzed. In particular, an analysis of cost components has been done to identify poultry pricing mechanisms

69 p., En las condiciones actuales del mercado, en las que los gobiernos del mundo reglamentan y monitorean los procesos de producción y prestación de servicios y donde los clientes exigen calidad, deja de ser una excusa el tamaño de la producción de una compañía para no cumplir con los requerimientos exigidos por las partes involucradas. Como consecuencia, la industria alimenticia es una de más vigiladas en el mundo debido al impacto que genera el consumo de alimentos en las personas. La industria avícola en Colombia crece enormemente cada día, y en el entorno avícola, hay espacio para los grandes, medianos y pequeños avicultores. Este proyecto busca realizar un estudio que evalúe la factibilidad de la creación de una empresa encargada de asesorar a las granjas de cría avícola en el municipio de Lebrija e identificar las posibles fallas generadas en el proceso de crianza de las aves y la forma en la que dichas fallas pueden solucionarse, logrando un aumento de la calidad del producto y la mitigación de cifras de mortandad de las especies, logrando mayor rentabilidad. Para obtener los mejores resultados de viabilidad se usará en el desarrollo del proyecto una metodología de investigación mixta para lograr un análisis directo del mercado en el que se quiere incursionar y también identificar la viabilidad de un proyecto de esta naturaleza., Under current market conditions, where world governments regulate and monitor production and service delivery processes and where customers demand quality, the size of a company's production ceases to be an excuse for not complying with requirements demanded by the parties involved. As a consequence, the food industry is one of the most watched in the world due to the impact that food consumption has on people. The poultry industry in Colombia grows enormously every day, and in the poultry environment, there is room for large, medium and small poultry farmers. This project seeks to carry out a study that assesses the feasibility of creating a company in charge of advising poultry breeding farms in the municipality of Lebrija and identifying possible failures generated in the process of raising birds and the way in which These failures can be solved, achieving an increase in the quality of the product and the mitigation of mortality figures of the species, achieving greater profitability. To obtain the best feasibility results, a mixed research methodology will be used in the development of the project to achieve a direct analysis of the market in which it is desired to venture and also to identify the viability of a project of this nature., Pregrado, Tecnólogo en Gestión Industrial, Introducción ............................................................................................................................. 16 1. Planteamiento del problema ................................................................................................. 18 2. Justificación .......................................................................................................................... 20 3. Objetivos .............................................................................................................................. 22 4. Marco Referencial ................................................................................................................ 23 4.1 Marco Teórico ................................................................................................................ 23 4.2. Marco Histórico ............................................................................................................ 24 4.3. Marco conceptual .......................................................................................................... 25 5. Diseño Metodológico ........................................................................................................... 27 5.1. Tipo de investigación .................................................................................................... 27 5.2. Método y metodologías ................................................................................................. 28 5.3. Fuentes de información ................................................................................................. 28 5.4. Sistemas de medición .................................................................................................... 29 5.5. Población y muestra ...................................................................................................... 29 6. Resultados ............................................................................................................................ 30 6.1 Matriz DOFA ................................................................................................................. 30 6.2 Estudio de Mercado ........................................................................................................ 31 6.3 Análisis financiero valor de inversión Vs proyección de ganancias .............................. 44 6.4 Descripción de la oferta.................................................................................................. 50 6.5 Constituir empresa ......................................................................................................... 54 6.6 Resultados ...................................................................................................................... 59 7. Conclusiones ........................................................................................................................ 62 8. Recomendaciones ................................................................................................................. 64 Referencias Bibliográficas ....................................................................................................... 65 Apéndices ................................................................................................................................. 68, Ej. 1

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja stosowanych bodźców pozacenowych w umowach rolnych, które mogłyby potencjalnie skłaniać agenta do działania zgodnego z interesem kontraktora. Zastosowanie tego typu zachęt może potencjalnie minimalizować problem pokusy nadużycia ze strony agenta jeszcze w trakcie jej obowiązywania, tj. w trakcie produkcji rolnej. Dla realizacji założonego celu wykorzystano badanie własne z użyciem ankiety. Badanie empiryczne przeprowadzono wśród grup producentów rolnych działających na rynku drobiu, a przedmiotem badań były kontrakty rolne podpisane w 2014 roku. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań zidentyfikowano bodźce pozacenowe, które mają pomóc monitorować i łagodzić problem pokusy nadużycia z ukrytym działaniem po stronie agenta. Rozpoznano pięć tego typu bodźców, The primary purpose of the paper is to identify non-price incentives provided by farming contracts. They aim at motivating agents to conduct their actions according to contractors’ interests. Therefore their application of these inducements might minimise the issue of moral hazard during its validity, i.e. as the production progresses. The author carried out her empirical research based on the survey among producers’ groups operating in the poultry market, while the particular emphasis was placed on farming contracts signed in 2014. The obtained results allow for identification of non-price incentives which are supposed to help monitor and tackle the problem of moral hazard with hidden action on the side of agents/ groups of poultry producers. As a conclusion, five types of incentives were determined.

The Indonesian poultry industry is a key sector for the national economy, supplying 65% of all animal protein and employing 10% of the national labour force. All over the country, though local production successfully copes with domestic demand, the potential for growth is high, consistent with expectations of rising GDP per capita. The market looks healthy and attractive, which has resulted in this gradual entry of new foreign groups. In past decades, the production process has evolved and modernized. The market is dominated by five main players-three foreign companies operating in feed production and two in day-old chick production. Even though expectations for the industry are strongly positive, prices for both broiler chicken and eggs are consistently higher in Indonesia than in Europe and America. From March- October 2018, Indonesian broiler chicken meat cost an average of about IDR 40,500/kg, while in the EU the price was around IDR 32,600 /kg (+24%). Over the same period, the average egg price in Indonesia was around IDR 28,000/kg, compared to just above IDR 21,000/kg (+33%) in the EU. The differences in price are partially due to differences in demand and supply- Indonesia is a Muslim country, so the demand for chicken meat may be stronger than in countries with higher pork consumption. However, Indonesia's higher prices are surprising given lower production costs. In Indonesia, farm salaries are lower than in Europe. In addition, the EU banned egg layer battery cages in 2012, forcing layer farmers to decrease bird density and therefore to implement more expensive methods of production, pushing up egg production costs. So production costs are higher in the EU, but consumer prices are lower. Price differences can also be explained in part by general market conditions in the EU and Indonesia. While the European market is a mature one, the constant growth in Indonesia, supported by growing demand, is an important element keeping prices high. While many economic factors are out of Indonesia's control, prices are also affected by Indonesian public policy. Therefore, we propose policy modifications that aim to support sound growth of the industry, which might be accompanied by lower prices. The first important act would be to resolve conflicts between existing regulations, in particular between Regulation of the Minister of Trade (MOT) 21/2018 and Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture (MOA) 57/2015 on the ministerial recommendation letter for maize import and maize import rights. Our second suggestion, related to MOA 26/2016, is to liberalize parent stock1 imports, enabling poultry producers to more freely implement sound entrepreneurial strategies rather than relying on incorrect government estimations. At the same time, we believe that it is necessary to open Indonesia to the international market for maize, rather than using trade protections to force local production. Current regulations have driven domestic maize prices incredibly high compared to the international price. Since maize is the main component of poultry feed, and feed is in turn the major cost in Indonesian poultry production, free access to international markets would heavily and positively affect production costs in the poultry industry, helping prices to cool down. Finally, the government could play an important role in improving infrastructure, which, at the moment, burdens the industry-particularly in the case of transporting raw materials for feed from the ports to the mills. An improvement in road infrastructure would also allow the transport of heavy machinery, further boosting modernization of the poultry industry.

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2019-02-05T11:48:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIANO CAMPOS TARGINO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2015.pdf: 851553 bytes, checksum: e35b4750ccd77e89ca7e8553e1da22b0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-05T11:48:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIANO CAMPOS TARGINO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2015.pdf: 851553 bytes, checksum: e35b4750ccd77e89ca7e8553e1da22b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-04 A exploração racional de Galinhas da Angola (Numida melagris galeata) pode ser um negócio rentável e sua viabilidade econômica está intimamente ligada ao manejo adequado e capacidade empreendedora do produtor, já que é uma ave extremamente apreciada pelo sabor característico e peculiar de sua carne. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a viabilidade e oportunidade de mercado na criação de Galinhas da Angola como parte do setor avícola. A coleta de dados ocorreu ao longo do ano de 2014 e meados de 2015 em dois municípios do estado do Ceará (Maracanaú e Cascavel), que se destacam no cenário nacional, na exploração comercial e industrial dessas aves. Verificou-se que ao atingirem 100 (cem) dias de idade quando apresentam no mínimo, 1,5kg/ave, são abatidas, atingindo uma média de abates de 3.000 galinhas angolas/mês, da linhagem Francesa, sendo o Kg comercializado (em setembro/2014) pelo valor de RS 16,00. O público consumidor que mais aprecia a carne é a classe média. Toda a produção é escoada na Grande Fortaleza e municípios vizinhos, tendo como público alvo, os restaurantes (70%), frigoríficos (28%) e pessoas que adquirem individualmente as aves já abatidas, direto com os produtores (2%). Observou-se que o pequeno produtor que recebe 160 pintos, no final da produção de cada lote, poderá lucrar até R$ 400,00/ciclo de criação, com valor recebido de R$ 2,50/ave, onde poderá lucrar até R$ 800,00/mês quando são entregues dois lotes sem nenhum custo já que toda a despesa com manejo alimentar e sanitário é custeado pelo produtor distribuidor. A exploração de Galinhas da Angola caracteriza-se por ser uma atividade economicamente viável, devido à rusticidade dos animais, minimizando os custos com manejo sanitário e uso de medicamentos. O sistema semi-intensivo de produção é o mais indicado para a criação comercial, por permitir uma maior qualidade vida às aves, pré- requisito que permite um sabor característico a carne, fugindo assim dos padrões dos frangos e galinhas criadas em total confinamento. A criação de Galinhas da Angola mostra-se viável, devido sua boa aceitação pelo mercado consumidor que busca cada vez mais alimentos alternativos e de qualidade, e por garantir uma diversificação e renda extra aos sistemas de produção dos municípios de Maracanaú e Cascavel. The rational exploitation of chickens Angola (Numida melagris galeata) can be a profitable business and their economic viability is closely linked to adequate management and entrepreneurial capacity of the producer, as is a bird greatly appreciated by the characteristic and peculiar flavor of their meat. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and market opportunity in creating chickens Angola as part of the poultry sector. Data collection took place during the year 2014 and mid-2015 in two cities in the state of Ceara (Maracanau and Cascavel), which stand out on the national scene, in the commercial and industrial exploitation of these birds. It was found that on reaching one hundred (100) days of age when they present at least 1.5 kg / bird is slaughtered, reaching an average of 3,000 Angolans slaughter chickens / month, the French lineage, being marketed Kg (in September / 2014) in the amount of RS 16.00. The consumer audience that appreciates more the flesh is the middle class. The entire production is sold in the Fortaleza Grande and neighboring municipalities, with the target audience, restaurants (70%), refrigerators (28%) and people who individually have already slaughtered birds, direct with producers (2%). It was observed that the small producer who receives 160 chicks at the end of each production batch, it may profit to R $ 400.00 / creation cycle with value received from R $ 2.50 / bird where you can earn up to R $ 800.00 / month when they are delivered two lots at no cost since all spending on food and health management is funded by the distributor producer. The exploitation of chickens Angola is characterized for being an economically viable activity, due to the rusticity of animals, minimizing the costs of health management and use of medications. The semi-intensive production system is the most suitable for business creation by enabling a higher quality life to the birds, prerequisite that allows a characteristic meat flavor, thus escaping the standards of chickens and hens in virtual confinement. The creation of chickens Angola proves feasible, due to its good acceptance by the market seeking more and more alternative and quality food, and ensuring diversification and extra income to production systems in the municipalities of Maracanau and Cascavel.

This issue contains Professor Reynold's article on a successful college career, and Professor Zavitz' report on the Canadian Forestry Association convention. Agricultural articles address the cost of producing milk, the need for education in beekeeping, the packaging of apples for shipping, the potato industry in Ontario, and the profitability of artificial fertilizers. Poultry articles pertain to fattening poultry for market, and an update of the O. A. C. poultry department. Owen Johnson authored a short story in this issue. Campus news reports on the fall initiation, the Student's Council, the Y. M. C. A. reception, faculty changes, and the Union Literary Society reception. Athletic news features the results of the football games and varsity track meet. The Macdonald column contains a welcome to the new students, a recount of the women's initiation, and an alumna's memories of attending Macdonald Institute. Alumni news is located in the Alumni column. A successful college career Lost Forever Cost and profit per cow In November Forestry convention at Victoria, B. C. What War Really Means The Fullback Glories of the Grid Fattening poultry for the market The need of educational work for apiculture Apple packs and packing The Man Behind the Plough The potato industry in Ontario Poultry news More about fertilizers Editorials Alumni College life Athletics How they broke the speed laws at Ghent Macdonald Much ado about nothing Locals advertising