Search

Copyright of China Mining Magazine is the property of China Mining Magazine Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The assessment of urban renewal (UR) potential aims to prioritize areas for UR, which are essential for sustainable urban revitalization. However, conventional data sources often fall short in encompassing diverse urban characteristics in the evaluation process, such as urban three-dimensional (3D) building information and the intensity of human activities. To address this gap, this study integrated 3D building data and geographic data to create a comprehensive set of 28 indicators spanning four dimensions: natural environmental conditions, land use, socio-economic factors, and building conditions. These indicators take into account vertical dimensions, dynamic aspects, and fine-scale details. Leveraging the existing UR practices as a positive example, we established an UR potential assessment model at street block scale using Presence and Background Learning combined with extreme gradient boosting algorithms (PBLXGBoost). Our findings revealed that the highest accuracy in evaluating industrial UR potential was achieved in Shenzhen (Fpb_avg = 0.80, RMSEavg = 0.21), followed by residential and commercial UR potential assessments. Conversely, other type UR exhibit lower accuracy. Street blocks with significant UR potential are predominantly located in Bao’an, Longgang, and Longhua Districts. Furthermore, employing the SHAP model to elucidate the evaluation results uncovered intricate hierarchical, positive-negative, and overlapping relationships among various factors and different UR types, where geographic big data and 3D building information showed strong correlations. The methodology proposed in this study enables objective and precise assessments of UR potential, offering valuable support for UR practice and sustainable urban development.

In recent years, with the continuous development of exploration technology, great achievements have been made in shale oil exploration in the ST Basin in my country. However, in practice, due to insufficient understanding of the formation mechanism, evaluation standards and resource potential of shale oil, this has brought certain constraints and limitations to the exploration and evaluation of shale oil. This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the main controlling factors of shale oil resource potential in Area A of the ST Basin. Based on the "three-thirds" relationship between TOC and oil content, the shale oil and gas resource classification evaluation method is determined. Using the shale oil reservoir evaluation method, the shale oil in Area A of the ST Basin was evaluated. The study found that Block A not only has good reservoir performance, but also has excellent oil and gas quality, and the brittle minerals have good compressibility. The shale oil resources in area A were calculated based on relevant parameters, and it was found that the potential shale oil resources in this block reached 9.66·109 t. The research provides certain technical support for the exploration and development of shale oil in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important element of urban renewal in highly urbanized areas, pocket parks with small size, flexible layout and daily accessibility are becoming a major component of green infrastructure and the mainstay of outdoor recreation space expansion in high-density urban centers. Nevertheless, the absence of a comprehensive framework for evaluating the potential of pocket park construction (PPC), one that integrates diverse influencing factors on a macro scale, has resulted in the random installation of such spaces, often failing to optimize the utilization of urban land. Addressing this critical lacuna, we propose an approach to evaluate PPC potential from a city-scale perspective, which is used to support the determination of which land units should be prioritized for PPC. A complete and feasible workflow was also established to identify potential land units, construct an index system for PPC combining demand and supply levels, quantitatively calculate indices based on remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS), accurately evaluate PPC potential using an entropy-weighted TOPSIS model, and develop targeted renewal strategies. A case study in Dalian, China, demonstrated the applicability and implications of the workflow. The results showed that it is flexible and easy to adapt to different local contexts, allowing evaluators to introduce parameters considering the availability of local data, and will help decision makers to build pocket parks in the most effective plots, providing a strong reference for high-quality development in other high-density urban centers facing the contradiction between ecological construction and land scarcity.

As an important element of urban renewal in highly urbanized areas, pocket parks with small size, flexible layout and daily accessibility are becoming a major component of green infrastructure and the mainstay of outdoor recreation space expansion in high-density urban centers. Nevertheless, the absence of a comprehensive framework for evaluating the potential of pocket park construction (PPC), one that integrates diverse influencing factors on a macro scale, has resulted in the random installation of such spaces, often failing to optimize the utilization of urban land. Addressing this critical lacuna, we propose an approach to evaluate PPC potential from a city-scale perspective, which is used to support the determination of which land units should be prioritized for PPC. A complete and feasible workflow was also established to identify potential land units, construct an index system for PPC combining demand and supply levels, quantitatively calculate indices based on remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS), accurately evaluate PPC potential using an entropy-weighted TOPSIS model, and develop targeted renewal strategies. A case study in Dalian, China, demonstrated the applicability and implications of the workflow. The results showed that it is flexible and easy to adapt to different local contexts, allowing evaluators to introduce parameters considering the availability of local data, and will help decision makers to build pocket parks in the most effective plots, providing a strong reference for high-quality development in other high-density urban centers facing the contradiction between ecological construction and land scarcity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geological data of the mineral resource potential evaluation results (MRPERs) are diverse and extremely large; efficiently retrieving data remains a challenging problem. In this work, a new way of using the Hadoop platform is proposed. The Hadoop distributed file system is used to store the massive data and construct the data storage model of geological and mineral resources. Using a distributed Hadoop database (HBase) that supports the fast query of a single record, it manages its metadata and retrieves the data of MRPERs quickly. At the same time, a multi-level index directory is designed to support the non-main key query on the HBase. This overcomes the shortcoming that the HBase only supports the simple index based on the main key and realizes the intelligent, efficient retrieval of MRPERs. The validity and feasibility of the proposed method are further verified by experiments using the MRPER data in the Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.

The Chang 7 Member of the Ordos Basin has favorable shale oil resource potentiality. The exploration and development of sandstone interlayer shale oil in the Chang 7 Member has made substantial breakthroughs. The exploration and development potential of shale oil is huge, and will be a significant oil and gas alternative resource in the Changqing Oilfield in the future, but its related geological fundamental research is relatively weak. Based on the observation, description and systematic sampling of the centimeter-level core of the full core section of Chang 7 Member in Well Ning228, a series of experimental test analyses and identification outcomes indicated that Chang 7 Member primarily developed four rock types: Black shale, dark mudstone, siltstone and tuff. The overall conditions of source rocks in the Chang 7 member are superior, the organic carbon content of shale is high, and the hydrocarbon generation potential is large. The organic matter types are mainly type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ, which are in the low mature-mature stage, and the black shale has higher organic matter abundance. The main reservoir spaces of the Chang 7 Member are primary pores and secondary pores. Mud shale primarily develops organic pores and inorganic pores. Fine sandstone mainly develops residual intergranular pores, intragranular pores and intergranular pores. Tuff mainly develops intergranular pores and mineral intragranular pores. The overall oil-bearing property of the Chang 7 Member is good, but the mobility difference is large. The fluid mobility in sandstone and tuff is good, and the mobility inshale is poor. In short, fine anatomical analysis of typical interlayer shale oil provides favorable guidance for promoting the large-scale development of shale oil in the Ordos Basin.

The wide distribution of data centers and the delay tolerance of computing tasks endow data center loads with adjustable characteristics in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Due to the characteristics of abundant spatiotemporal flexibility, data centers can participate in the optimization of power system operation and regulation. To quantify this flexibility, this paper proposes a spatiotemporal load migration potential evaluation model. Meanwhile, a data center energy management strategy is combined with the characteristics of spatiotemporal load migration, which deeply exploits the migration potential through the spatiotemporal redistribution of delay-tolerant tasks, as well as server ON/OFF scheduling and CPU operating frequency scaling across different spatial locations. A case study demonstrates that adopting the proposed approach considering an energy management strategy can effectively improve the load migration potential of data centers. The migration characteristics of data centers have great application prospects in reducing carbon emissions and enhancing operational flexibility.

The development of the HSR station area is the result of the combined effect of the three elements of transport, place, and industry. This study introduces the industrial dimension and constructs the node-place-industry model to empirically analyze the development potential of station areas along the Hunan section of the Beijing–Guangzhou and the Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway lines. The results show that (1) the development of the three spatial elements of the station area is mostly out of sync, and the node value has the highest fit with the integrated potential value of the station area; (2) there is a significant correlation between the magnitude of the combined potential of the station area and the site location, station class and time of development; (3) according to the results of the cluster analysis, it was found that most of the stations were in a state of disequilibrium, and the main reason was that the functional value of the place did not match with the value of industrial aggregation. In particular, the introduction of the industry dimension extends the NP model and establishes a tessellated analytical framework for station type classification, providing an interesting assessment tool for the sustainable development of transport hub areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon dioxide (CO2) geological utilization and storage (CGUS) is the key link of CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). The accurate characterization of the geological body structure is a vital prerequisite of CGUS. This paper gives a review of the multi-scale three-dimensional geological structure characterization and site selection of CO2 storage. It shows that there is a lack of systematic and high-precision methods for transparency characterization of multi-scale three-dimensional engineering geological structure and hydrogeological structure of a CO2 storage site. There is no clear understanding of the fracture evolution and gas-liquid migration process of multi-scale geological body structure under the disturbance of CO2 injection. There is a lack of sufficient quantitative methods for the dynamic evaluation of CO2 geological storage potential. The geological suitability evaluation method for site selection of CO2 storage is rough and has poor applicability, which is difficult to satisfy the urgent needs of CGUS site selection in the whole process of CO2 sequestration industrialization in the future. Thus, it is required to conduct studies on the transparency characterization of geological body structure and intelligent site selection for CO2 storage, which is of great importance for CGUS engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Russia has considerable experience in the development of winter sports and ski resorts. The region around Lake Baikal possesses unique landscapes and cultural unity, making it a hot spot for winter tourism in Russia. The ski resorts around Lake Baikal are among the most attractive tourist destinations during the winter season, attracting a large number of domestic and international tourists. Based on the experience of the Northeast Asia Sustainable Development Research Centre, this study includes a survey of experts from China and Russia. The study focuses on five major ski resorts near Lake Baikal. A comprehensive competitiveness assessment index system and a quantitative evaluation model for winter tourism resorts have been established, which enable a scientific evaluation of the level of comprehensive competitiveness of winter tourism regions near Lake Baikal. The study showed that the Sobolinaya ski resort has excellent competitiveness among the resorts studied, while Bychya and Istland have average competitiveness and Davan and Mamai have low competitiveness. Local natural resources and the level of infrastructure development make the most significant contributions to the overall competitiveness of a resort. The study proposes development measures, such as the creation of a winter tourism complex with the Sobolinaya resort as its core and the establishment of an international special zone for winter tourism along the China–Mongolia–Russia economic corridor. The research results can serve as a basis for decision making to improve the overall competitiveness of the winter tourism industry around Lake Baikal and provide scientific and technical support for cross-border international cooperation in the winter tourism industry between China and Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of lnternational Journal of Geography & Geography Education is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As an important part of stock renewal in high-density cities, the compound use of urban municipal infrastructure land (UMICU) plays an important role in improving the efficiency of land-resource utilization and mitigating not in my backyard (NIMBY) effects. However, compared with the reuse of industrial land and other stock land, there have been few practical studies on UMICU. In this study, we proposed an approach to evaluate UMICU potential from a city-scale perspective. A complete and feasible workflow was also established to define potential land for UMICU, comprehensively analyze suitable compound use directions, construct an index system for UMICU combining demand and supply levels, quantitatively calculate indices based on remote sensing and geographic information system, and accurately evaluate UMICU potential using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution-Monte Carlo simulation model to derive the priority of each potential land for UMICU under different compound use modes and develop optimization strategies. A case study in Shenzhen, China, demonstrated the applicability and implications of the workflow. The results showed that UMICU can be subdivided into park renovation, commercial development, public-service compound, and municipal compound mode. The area of low-potential plots under the park renovation mode accounted for the lowest percentage (1.7%), while the area of low-potential plots under the commercial development mode accounted for the highest percentage (36.5%). Under all four compound use modes, the area of high-potential plots of Nanshan Street was the highest. The method is flexible and easy to adapt to different local contexts, allowing evaluators to introduce parameters considering the availability of local data, and will help decision-makers to scientifically implement the UMICU in the most effective land, which provides a strong reference for high-quality development in other high-density cities facing land scarcity and prominent NIMBY effects.

In recent years, the peak–valley differences in urban power loads have been increasing. It is difficult to maintain the real-time balance of a power system by relying solely on the generation-side resources. As a typical flexible load, an air conditioning load can balance the supply and demand of a power grid by adjusting power using the thermal inertia of buildings. From the perspective of a load aggregator, this study models and aggregates the dispatch of a single inverter air conditioner distributed in a region to determine the adjustment potential of an air conditioning cluster. Then, according to the demand response capacity requirements, an optimal strategy for the aggregate dispatch of an inverter air conditioner considering incentive compensation measures is proposed with the objective of maximizing the load quotient economic benefit. The sensitivity analysis of the compensation factor for temperature rise is also performed. The results show that 3000 inverter air conditioners in the load quotient dispatch area participate in the demand response for 4 h, with a load reduction of 1.267 MW and a net income of RMB 14,435.97. Secondly, an increase in the temperature rise compensation factor will reduce the cost of temperature rise compensation by the loader to the user, but it will also reduce the load reduction and the net income of the loader. This study has practical significance for load aggregators to formulate compensation strategies and improve the economic benefits of participating in demand response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature-control loads, such as residential air conditioners (ACs) and electric water heaters (EWHs), have become important demand response resources in the power system. However, due to the impact of various factors on users' response behavior, it has been difficult for power grid operators to accurately evaluate the response potential under complex factor relationships to derive optimal incentive strategy. Therefore, it cannot achieve a win-win economic benefit between the grid and users. In this paper, a method combining Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy logical inference is proposed to predict the user's willingness firstly by taking residential AC load as an example. The weight of each factor affecting users' willingness is analyzed, and main factors are selected as inputs of fuzzy logic inference to derive the willingness of the resident to actively regulate the AC. Then, this method is applied in evaluating the response potential of certain residential area in Beijing according to the survey. By further considering users' house size and the sacrificed comfort temperature under the incentive strategy, the power potential curve of the AC load under different incentives is obtained by using the first-order equivalent thermal parameter (ETP) model and the regulation willingness. Finally, with the objective of maximizing the consumption of the photovoltaic (PV) power, the optimal operation is achieved through the coordinated regulation of residential ACs and EWHs based on the potential curve, and the corresponding optimal incentive strategy for the flexible temperature-control loads is obtained. Simulation results show that the optimal incentive strategy proposed not only increases the PV consumption ratio to 98.35% with an increase of 24.71%, but also maximizes the economic benefits of both sides of the power grid and users. This method of deriving incentive strategy can be used as a reference for grid companies to formulate the incentive strategy to realize optimal operation, such as the maximum new energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Talent Management (TM) has become a strategic priority for companies looking to identify high potential individuals for future positions, because investments only in Talent Acquisition proved to be inefficient over time, due to the "talent war". Given the scenario, investments in strategies to retain and develop high potential talents in the company increase competitiveness in the long term. The professional potential evaluation is an important TM practice, however there is no exact formula to identify an individual's potential, due to the different dimensions required. With this, the present article aims to contributes for fill a gap in the literature of multicriteria frameworks for potential evaluation, considering expert's behaviour and knowledge. The methodology was divided in three main points: 1) identify attributes and design a criteria structure for the potential evaluation with experts; 2) criteria evaluation by the experts, through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method; and 3) alternatives evaluation through the ELECTRE-TRI method, using the expert's knowledge defining the method's parameters. The results indicated a structure with 6 main criteria, its importance weights, and a professional potential evaluation, considering 3 classes: a) Hight Potential; b) Potential to Test; and c) Professional Maintainer. For the future of the research, one of the steps in the roadmap is consider other methos to do the evaluation and compare them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the HSR station area is the result of the combined effect of the three elements of transport, place, and industry. This study introduces the industrial dimension and constructs the node-place-industry model to empirically analyze the development potential of station areas along the Hunan section of the Beijing–Guangzhou and the Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway lines. The results show that (1) the development of the three spatial elements of the station area is mostly out of sync, and the node value has the highest fit with the integrated potential value of the station area; (2) there is a significant correlation between the magnitude of the combined potential of the station area and the site location, station class and time of development; (3) according to the results of the cluster analysis, it was found that most of the stations were in a state of disequilibrium, and the main reason was that the functional value of the place did not match with the value of industrial aggregation. In particular, the introduction of the industry dimension extends the NP model and establishes a tessellated analytical framework for station type classification, providing an interesting assessment tool for the sustainable development of transport hub areas.

This paper constructs a sponge city construction potential evaluation index system, uses a variable fuzzy recognition model to evaluate the construction level of sponge cities in 13 prefecture‐level cities in Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2019, and analyses its dynamic evolution trend based on Kernel density estimation. The analysis shows that the construction potential of sponge city in Jiangsu Province shows an overall upward trend, and the potential levels of 13 cities can be divided into three camps: Suzhou, Wuxi, Nanjing, Nantong and Changzhou are the first camps with higher potential; Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Taizhou are the second camp of medium level; Xuzhou, Huai'an, Suqian, Yancheng and Lianyungang are the third camp of lower level. The overall situation is a trend of 'big in the south and small in the north'. On this basis, the advantages and disadvantages of different cities and their development directions were further clarified, and a certain reference for promoting the construction of sponge city was provided. Significance Statement: The research purpose of this article is to enrich the research on the construction potential of sponge city. At the same time, identifying the advantages and disadvantages in the process of building sponge cities clearly will help determine the future development direction of sponge cities, so as to reduce urban water problems, and promote the sustainable development of water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coalbed methane (CBM) resources are abundant in the Baoan blocks of the Xinjing coalfield, China; their exploration and development remain in infancy. Suitable development blocks can be selected by evaluating their development potential; that of the No. 8 and 15 CBM systems in the Baoan blocks was evaluated using three quantitative evaluation methods via existing geological data: multi-level fuzzy mathematics (MLFM), technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and principal component analysis (PCA). The results demonstrated that the CBM development potential in the central part of the Baoan blocks is low and unbecoming. The favorable areas of the No. 8 coal seam are distributed in the northeast and northwest, and that of No. 15 in the northwest and southwest Differences exist in quantitative selection; with limited data, the evaluation of the TOPSIS method is considerably different from actuality, and is unbecoming for evaluating the development potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geology & Resources is the property of Geology & Resources Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Geological storage of carbon dioxide is receiving more and more attention as one of the efficient carbon reduction technologies, as China’s carbon-neutral strategic plan moves forward. There is an increasing demand for more effective and thorough methodologies to assess the potential of CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers. This study proposes a method for evaluating the geological storage potential of CO2 in deep saline aquifers and constructs an automatic evaluation system for the comprehensive potential of CO2 geological storage using ArcGIS Model Builder visual modeling technology. The automatic evaluation system consists of four functional parts: information collating and database constructing, data pre-processing, model building evaluation and result validation evaluation. First, structured and unstructured data including underlying geology, tectonic geology, oil and gas geology, and drilling data are collated and established in a geodatabase. Second, pre-processing models of the deep saline reservoir-caprock data are established based on the analysis of the geological evolution history of the study area to determine the effective storage thickness, effective porosity, and the influence range of faults; kriging methods are then used to realize the spatial interpolation of the evaluation parameters. Third, the volume coefficient method is adopted to construct the underground storage space model and to establish the density distribution model of the supercritical CO2 with nonlinear function while taking into account four evaluation factors (i.e. area, effective porosity, effective thickness, effective coefficient) and two limiting factors (i.e. fault, burial depth). Finally, the geological storage potential of CO2 in the study area is evaluated with the classification of the potential level and compared with the numerical simulation results to verify the model’s accuracy. The model is first applied in this paper using a suitable target in China as a case study. The results show that this target area’s anticipated storage potential value reaches 52.557 Mt. The total precision error, according to a comparison of the numerical simulation results, is 8.20%. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the automatic GIS-based modeling approach is suitable for a comparable study of potential evaluation of CO2 geological storage in deep saline aquifers.

Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the continuous function method of biomass estimation and the regression function of biomass and stock volume, this paper analyzes the carbon storage of forest vegetation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the Natural Forest Protection Project (NFPP) area (2000~2010). The density of forest vegetation is examined in the six provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River before and after the implementation of NFPP. Additionally, changes in carbon storage and the carbon sequestration capacity of forest vegetation are evaluated in the NFPP area of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River (2011~2020). The results show that the carbon storage of the first-stage forest ecosystem found in the protection project area of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is 5,004.44 Tg C, of which the carbon storage of forest vegetation is 1,414.35 Tg C, and the carbon storage of forest soil is 3,525.74 Tg C. From 1988 to 1998, the carbon storage of forest vegetation increased by 290.65 Tg C. However, after the implementation of NFPP, the carbon storage of forest vegetation increased by 705.12 TgC. In addition, the carbon sequestration benefit of forest vegetation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River was 80.92 Tg. C. The implementation of NFPP has also enabled forest soil erosion in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to be controlled to a certain extent: from 1998 to 2008, the forest soil retention in this area reached 3,887.3 Tg, of which the forest soil carbon sequestration benefit was 7.23 Tg C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vehicle (EV) loads are playing an increasingly important role in improving the flexibility of power grid operation. The prerequisite for EV loads to participate in demand response (DR) is that the DR regulation strategy and corresponding DR potential must be accurately analyzed and evaluated. However, due to the uncertainty and differences in travel and charging behavior, DR potentials of EVs exhibit randomness and differ in time and space. In addition, it is difficult to obtain refined travel data and charging load data of large-scale EVs. Accordingly, this paper focuses on how to consider the various influencing factors of potential, and realize the quantitative evaluation of DR time-varying potential of an EV group based on small sample data. First, a travel activity model of the EV is established. Based on the actual travel data, the probability distributions of the key parameters of the travel model are obtained by kernel density estimation and probability statistical fitting. Then, combined with the charging behavior model, and based on Monte Carlo simulation, the load curve of the EV in a residential area is predicted. Considering the travel need of the EV, the peak-shaving potential, vehicle-to-grid discharge potential, and valley-filling potential of the EV under different DR strategies are calculated and analyzed, and the time-varying characteristics of the potential are analyzed. Finally, a case study is carried out with the actual data. The results show that the DR time-varying potential under different time periods and control strategies can be effectively evaluated. The maximum peak-shaving potential of 1000 EV aggregates is 2.7 MW, and the minimum is 0.25 MW. The maximum valley-filling potential is 2.1 MW, and the minimum is 0.3 MW. The research results can provide effective guidance for EVs to participate in day-ahead scheduling, and for the screening of target EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and utilization of geothermal resources can promote the realization of the "peaking carbon dioxide emissions" and "carbon neutrality" goals. This paper analyses the occurrence conditions of geothermal resources in the Huai'an urban planning area from the aspects of heat source, geological structure and geothermal reservoirs, and evaluates it using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Evaluation results show that the areas with good conditions for geothermal resources is about 2062 km², accounting for 64.7% of the total area of the urban planning area. Based on the evaluation of geothermal resource storage conditions, this paper evaluates the geothermal resources potential of various reservoirs in good condition areas, and delineate 5 prospecting target areas in combination with local planning and demand. All the results provided the basis for the detailed survey of geothermal resources in the Huai'an Urban Planning Area and the preparation of related plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disruptive innovations (DI) have the potential to fundamentally change markets and their power relations: Specifically, established companies are confronted with the threat of being forced out of the market by DI. At the same time, companies also have the opportunity to control the market's development by developing DI themselves. This raises the question of how a proactive management of DI can be systematized. Here, the approach of innovation portfolio management (IPM) provides support by identifying, evaluating, and selecting a company's most promising product ideas. The management of DI is challenging due to their characteristics, such as diversity, high uncertainty, especially with regard to customer acceptance, difficult comparability with existing products, potential for cannibalization, and substitution of existing products. For this reason, new approaches to managing DI are required in literature and practice. This paper presents a novel methodology to support—especially established—companies in proactively generating DI via existing processes in their IPM. For this purpose, the methodology supports the early identification of the product idea's disruptive potential so that these can be handled appropriately in the further course of the process, such as the evaluation of all product ideas in the company during IPM. Thus, the risk can be minimized that promising DI are not rejected due to unsuitable procedures, but are brought to market maturity. The methodology contributes to the literature by showing how DI can be pursued embedded in existing corporate structures and also in competition with other product ideas in the company—in existing approaches, DI is primarily considered singularly and detached from the existing corporate context. The methodology is validated by the example of the digital camera, which disrupted the photo industry, as well as through interviews in a practical context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the characteristics of large number and thickness of coal seams and tight sandstones in the coal-bearing rock series in Hegang Basin, the characteristics of coal rock, sedimentary environment, reservoir thickness, sealing characteristics, and gas-bearing characteristics were studied. Combined with the drilling and gas logging data from Niaoshan well 1 in the study area, the co-exploration potential of coalbed methane and tight sandstone gas(“two gases”) in Hegang basin was evaluated. The results showed that the main thick coal seams in Hegang Basin are located in stratigraphic sequence Ⅱ(that is, the upper part of Chengzihe Formation), and the sedimentary system is dominated by fluvial-upper delta plain, which is a favorable facies zone for the formation of coal measures source rocks and tight sandstone. The distribution of coal seams in the coal-bearing strata of Chengzihe Formation is stable, the cumulative thickness ranges from 30 m to 75.99 m, and the cumulative thickness of tight sandstone strata ranges from 9 m to 43.03 m. Coal seams and sandstone strata overlap and coalbed methane and tight sandstone gas are superimposed to form reservoirs. The results of gas logging in Niaoshan well 1 show that there are abnormal high values of total hydrocarbon in both coal seam and tight sandstone.

Clean and sustainable hydrogen production is key to the establishment of zero-carbon hydrogen energy system in response to the global warming challenge. This paper is aimed to analyze China’s potential of hydrogen production from wind and solar power. To achieve this goal, this paper firstly used the SBM model with undesirable output to measure the efficiency of green hydrogen production at the provincial level. Then, the efficiency of green hydrogen production and the installed capacity of wind and solar power are integrated to construct a comprehensive indicator. Lastly, China’s potential of green hydrogen production from both provincial and regional perspectives are simulated by entropy method and the dynamic change of the potential from 2017 to 2030 is also studied. From the results, we can find that: (1) the efficiency of the hydrogen production from wind power is significantly higher than that of the hydrogen production from solar power; (2) the efficiency and potential of green hydrogen production for each province of China in 2030 are improved compared with that in 2017; (3) the potential of green hydrogen production in the Northwest and North China is significantly higher than other regions; (4) there is a certain inconsistency in the development of the supply side and demand side of hydrogen energy, specially for the Southern China and northwest. Finally, based on the results above, some policy implications are provided to facilitate the high-quality development of the hydrogen energy industry.

Temperature-control loads, such as residential air conditioners (ACs) and electric water heaters (EWHs), have become important demand response resources in the power system. However, due to the impact of various factors on users’ response behavior, it has been difficult for power grid operators to accurately evaluate the response potential under complex factor relationships to derive optimal incentive strategy. Therefore, it cannot achieve a win-win economic benefit between the grid and users. In this paper, a method combining Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy logical inference is proposed to predict the user’s willingness firstly by taking residential AC load as an example. The weight of each factor affecting users’ willingness is analyzed, and main factors are selected as inputs of fuzzy logic inference to derive the willingness of the resident to actively regulate the AC. Then, this method is applied in evaluating the response potential of certain residential area in Beijing according to the survey. By further considering users’ house size and the sacrificed comfort temperature under the incentive strategy, the power potential curve of the AC load under different incentives is obtained by using the first-order equivalent thermal parameter (ETP) model and the regulation willingness. Finally, with the objective of maximizing the consumption of the photovoltaic (PV) power, the optimal operation is achieved through the coordinated regulation of residential ACs and EWHs based on the potential curve, and the corresponding optimal incentive strategy for the flexible temperature-control loads is obtained. Simulation results show that the optimal incentive strategy proposed not only increases the PV consumption ratio to 98.35% with an increase of 24.71%, but also maximizes the economic benefits of both sides of the power grid and users. This method of deriving incentive strategy can be used as a reference for grid companies to formulate the incentive strategy to realize optimal operation, such as the maximum new energy consumption.

The potential level of rural tourism development in Guizhou Province is studied and its spatial differentiation characteristics is analyzed,to provid theoretical and reference for rural tourism development. Rural tourism development potential of 88 counties and its spatial differentiation characteristics are analyzed by ArcGIS 10. 2, OpenGeoDa tools, entropy method, ESDA and other research methods. The result shows that(1) there are obvious differences in the development potential of rural tourism in Guizhou. The counties with better rural tourism development potential are mainly distributed near the municipal administrative center. Good rural tourism resources and economic development are important factors for the differences of rural tourism development potential. (2) The development potential of rural tourism shows the spatial structure characteristics of "center periphery". The high level of rural tourism is concentrated in the central area of provincial and municipal areas, and the low-level counties are scattered and far away from the provincial and municipal centers. However, the radiation driving effect of high-level regions on the surrounding potential is not significant. Regional linkage development and regional cooperation need to be strengthened. (3) According to the main constraints of county development, we should promote different counties actively. Suggestions are by government public functions to expand tourism economics and to improve the construction of transportation and service facilities, and rural tourism transformation in Guizhou,to upgrade rural tourism effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of red tourism along the Red Army's Long March is conducive to the inheritance and protection of revolutionary culture and the implementation of poverty alleviation policies. 62 prefecture level cities(autonomous prefectures) along the Red Army's Long March are study objects. According to the theory of tourism complex system, in this study 25 indicators are selected from five dimensions of resource value, economic basis, facility conditions, market conditions and ecological environment, to establish a projection pursuit model for the evaluation of the development potential of red tourism resources, and optimize based on particle swarm optimization algorithm, with quantitatively analysis of development potential of red tourism resources and spatial characteristics. To construct a two-dimensional framework of resource value and development environment by importance-performance analysis ( IPA) method, this study analyzed the combination structure of tourism resource development potential, divided the regional types and put forward corresponding development strategies. The research showed that the red tourism resource value index has the spatial characteristics of multicenter, mosaic structure, "high in the east and low in the west, high in the south and low in the north". The development environment index shows the spatial characteristics of multicenter, scattered dirstibution, high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The red tourism resource development potential in the east is great, but small in the northwest and southwest. Finally, according to IPA method, there are four types: one dominant development, potential improvement, moderate development and standard potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electric Power Automation Equipment / Dianli Zidonghua Shebei is the property of Electric Power Automation Equipment Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the increasing shortage of traditional energy sources and the deterioration of the environment, the development and use of renewable energy sources have been exhausted. As one of the potential renewable energy sources using artificial intelligence, solar energy has attracted worldwide attention due to its high-quality resources. The development and utilization of solar energy is regarded as an effective means to solve the global energy crisis and climate problems, and the development and utilization of solar energy resources are increasing year by year. In this article, solar energy is selected as the research object. Based on the collection of large amounts of data and links to previous studies, the reserves of solar energy resources in China have been estimated and the spatial characteristics described. In addition to the conditions of the data itself, other factors affecting the large-scale development and use of solar energy are also analyzed. Through the establishment of an index system for the first time and the use of decision analysis methods to comprehensively evaluate the potential of large-scale development and utilization of solar energy in various regions of mainland China, this also provides ideas for the development and utilization of new energy potential in various regions in the future. Finally, under the teaching reform model, based on the imbalance phenomenon in college English teaching, based on empirical evidence and hypothesis, it provides a framework for optimizing the university environmental curriculum. The research results provide a practical starting point and reference value for improving the teaching quality of English courses in coastal colleges and universities, improving the teaching mode, and promoting the development of the lifelong learning concept of students and teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land subsidence is often associated with compaction of subsurface strata, which cannot be recorded in detail by precise leveling, satellite imagery, and even extensometers. The distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) technique is advantageous in subsurface deformation monitoring, because it can image distributed profiles of vertical deformation by distributed strain sensing. Here, we propose to use the relationship between the soil porosity change and soil strain to verify the DFOS monitoring results. An observation case in Shengze, Suzhou (southern Yangtze Delta, China) 2012–2019 shows that compression strain occurs mainly in two aquitards adjacent to the pumping aquifer. The compression-rebound deformation of soil layers is closely related to the change in groundwater level. The microstructure, especially pore structure, affects the compressibility of soils. Changes in pore size derived by groundwater level fluctuations are macroscopically expressed as soil strain. The calculated strain induced by water level drop was basically consistent with the monitoring value, proving the credibility of DFOS technique. Moreover, DFOS can be used for the estimation of strata compression potential, which is of great significance to the management of land subsidence and groundwater exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermoelectric power generation is an outstanding technology for high- and low-temperature heat recovery. Their packaging, lack of moving parts, direct heat to electrical conversion, and zero-emission are the main benefits for geothermal power generation. The design of a large-scale, ground-based, and segmented annular concentric cylindrical thermoelectric generators (CCTEGs) with produced geothermal fluid are proposed. A mathematical model for thermoelectric power generation is presented, which considers the heat transfer in the interior of a thermoelectric module and the electric current effect, and is solved with Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software. Numerical results show that about 136 kW of power output could be obtained with 500 m length of segmented annular CCTEG under the inlet fluid temperature difference of 130°C. For the same total flow rates and the same total CCTEG length, the in-series layout of segmented annular CCTEG is better than the in-parallel layout in power generation capacity. Flow rate and fluid temperature have a significant effect on the generated power. A higher flow rate ratio of cold fluid to hot fluid will result in higher power capacity. A desirable flow rate ratio of cold fluid to hot fluid is recommended to take as the flow area ratio of cold fluid flow conduit to hot fluid flow conduit when the critical potential increased power generation capacity is taken as 1.0 kW/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and the pressure of water resources, evaluate the present situation of mine water development and utilization, and tap the potential, it is an important work to carry out the utilization of mine water resources. Combing and summarizing the utilization of mine water resources and related concepts and connotations, this paper brought out the related concepts of mine water resources utilization, and pointed out that the available amount of mine water resources was a function of utilization capacity. Mine water resources with corresponding utilization capacity could be divided into two parts. Using the theory of limit analysis, the concept and quantitative relationship of mine water current utilization, theoretical utilization and potential were analyzed. This paper improved and unified the concept system and evaluation method of mine water resources utilization. Taking the Shigetai mining area as an example, the status and utilization potential of mine water resources utilization were evaluated. After calculation, the current situation and theoretical available capacity were 6.02 million m3 -11.59 million m3 and 7.30 million -14.06 million m3 respectively. The current and theoretical utilization potential were 0-1.64 million m3 and 1.32 million m3 -4.10 million m3 respectively. It pointed out the threshold space and excavation direction of the current utilization of mine water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy (IVPF) set is one the successful extension of the existing theories for handling the uncertainties during the decision-making process. Under that environment, various aggregation operators have been developed by the authors to aggregate the different preferences of the decision makers under the different attributes. But these studies have conducted under the assumption that their corresponding pairs are independent and don’t consider the interaction between the pairs of the membership degrees. In this paper, these conditions have been relaxed by considering the interrelationship between the different inputs by using Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) operator. Further, based on the input and MSM operator, we proposed two aggregation operators namely, IVPF Maclaurin symmetric mean and IVPF weighted Maclaurin symmetric mean operators and studied their desirable properties. A decision-making method based on these operators has been discussed for solving the decision-making problems under IVPF set environment. Finally, an illustrative example and a comparative analysis have been presented to demonstrate the proposed approach.

The potential analysis of geothermal energy based on geothermal characteristics requires research of the regional shallow geothermal energy. Then, an evaluation model can be constructed. Taking Weinan City as an example, this paper studied the depth and temperature characteristics of the constant zone of subsurface temperature, the vertical variation characteristic of geotemperature, and the horizontal distribution characteristic of geotemperature in Weinan City. Based on the analysis of geotemperature characteristics, the analytic hierarchy process was used to construct the zoning evaluation system of the suitability of ground source, groundwater source, and surface water source. Then, the suitability of Weinan city was comprehensively zoned by the zoning evaluation system. The heat capacity and heat-exchange power of the heat pump system at the groundwater source were calculated based on the zoning results, and the heat-exchange power of the ground-coupled heat pump was obtained. According to the evaluation index, the development potential of shallow geothermal energy resources was evaluated. It can be seen that the heat pump system has great potential for heating in winter and cooling in summer through the experimental analysis model applied in this paper. The area is 50.79 km². The area of the potential middle region of the buried pipe heat pump is 135.74 km², and the potential of the pump system is low. The possible area of the ground source heat pump is 82.14 km². Upon comparing the model results with the current results, it was found that the consistency between the two is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining area generally refers to the land within 1 km of the mining sites or operations. In mining area, the utilization of farmland resources was confined, due to a complex geographical region, the natural conditions of terrain fluctuation, and landform fragmentation. Furthermore, high-intensity coal mining in a long term and large scale has led to the land degradation and ecological environment deterioration. In order to seek the sustainable utilization of farmland in mining area, it is particularly important to rationally evaluate the potential of farmland consolidation, and to strengthen the intensity of farmland consolidation. The land consolidation aims to realize the development of mineral resources, protection of land resources, and the construction of ecological civilization. Therefore, it is necessary to change from the traditional practice of consolidation and restoration centering on a single element, to the comprehensive land consolidation according to the actual problems, such as inefficient utilization of land resources, fragile ecology, and land damage. In mining area, it is urgent to evaluate the potential of land consolidation, and thereby to make zoning plan, with emphasis on the farmland. Previously, most studies focused on single consolidation type in the evaluation of farmland consolidation potential. A comprehensive evaluation is lacking, together with the multi-dimensional and comprehensive evaluation method. In addition, K-means clustering, system clustering, and weighted summation model were commonly used in consolidation zoning. However, these methods can only determine the spatial clustering characteristics of farmland, and fail to identify that of attributes. In this study, taking the Changhe Basin as an example, an index system was established for consolidation potential of farmland in mining area from three aspects, including the inefficient utilization of farmland, ecological fragile, and land damage. According to subentry measure, an improved model was proposed to estimate the consolidation potential of farmland, combining with the terrain and socio-economic factors. A self-organization dual clustering and DB index were used to determine the consolidation division and strategies. The results showed that: 1) There were significantly spatial differences in the inefficient utilization, ecological fragile, land damage, and consolidation potential of farmland in the Changhe Basin. 2) Six divisions can be divided, including the improvement area of healthy utilization, readjustment area of farmland resource, key ecological restoration area, reclamation area of damaged land, optimization area of land management, and comprehensive land consolidation area. Against the background of ecological civilization construction, there were significant differences in the main direction of farmland consolidation among various zones. Therefore, the consolidation strategies of differentiated farmland can be recommended to integrate land consolidation, ecological restoration, and land reclamation. 3) There was a relatively high spatial connectedness of farmland consolidation area, based on the self-organization dual clustering, indicating a benefit to the whole domain coverage of farmland consolidation. The finding can provide an insightful reference for the evaluation of consolidation potential in similar farmland, and thereby to offer a scientific guidance for the planning of land consolidation and engineering measurement in intelligent agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the co-exploration and co-production of unconventional gas have become a new trend of the unconventional gas exploration and development in the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin, this study focuses on the distribution, pore characteristics, geochemical properties, and mineral composition of the mud shale in the coal-bearing strata. The results show that the mud shale in the coal-bearing strata is distributed relatively stably with an average cumulative thickness of 77.60 m and a buried depth of 200–2400 m, increasing from east to west. The total organic carbon content of mud shale is relatively high, ranging from 0.14% to 39.9%, and the thermal maturity ranges from 0.23% to 2.49%, affected by both buried depth and magmatic intrusion. The organic matter type of the mud shale is dominated by type III, favorable for gas generation. The mineral composition of mud shale is mainly clay minerals and quartz, with low brittle minerals content (averaging 30.34%) and high kaolinite content (averaging 59.23%). Pores and micro-fissures are relatively developed in the mud shale, dominated by intergranular pores, organic pores, and the micro-fissures developed between brittle mineral crystals, within crystals and between clay mineral particles, with a porosity of 1.05%–1.59% and a permeability of 0.001–0.142 (×10−3µm2). The specific surface area of pores in mud shale is 12.31–28.99 m2/g, and the total pore volume is 0.0146–0.0483 cm3/g. Mesopores and micropores (mainly slit shaped pores) provide the main pore volume of mud shale, and micropores contribute most of the specific surface area. The controlling factors on pore development include the total organic carbon, thermal maturity, and inorganic minerals composition. The total amount of shale gas resources is 2.49 × 1012 m3, and the Linxian-Xingxian area and Shilou-Daning area are the potential favorable zones for shale gas exploration and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the Czech Republic, there are many regions with unbalanced competition between bus and rail transport on main transport routes. This is due to differences in the quality of transport infrastructure, the attractiveness of the region, routing traffic routes or economic attractiveness for new investors and industry. The aim of this article is to evaluate the potential for bus operators on the route from Prague to Trutnov after completion of D11 highway project.

Featured Application: Biopolymer-producing strain FY-07 is capable of producing bacterial cellulose (BC) under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, while the biosurfactant-producing strain WJ-1 produces a rhamnolipid, which is a biosurfactant widely used in the oil extraction. The present research envisages the evaluation of the potential of combined flooding of the biopolymer-producing bacteria FY-07 and biosurfactant-producing bacteria WJ-1 for enhancing the oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs. To study the feasibility of polymer-producing bacteria Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) FY-07 and surfactant-producing bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa WJ-1 combined profile control and flooding, the compatibility of FY-07 and WJ-1 was evaluated using laboratory experiments. The results showed that the growth and metabolism of WJ-1 was not significantly affected by the FY-07 in the degradation medium, and the surface tension of fermentation broth was reduced from 70 mN/m to 30 mN/m. FY-07 enhanced the degradation of WJ-1, increasing the ratio of C14- to C15+ from 0.37 to 0.67. The core-flooding experiments indicated the oil recovery of 17.4% when both FY-07 and WJ-1 were injected into the system, as against to 10.4% and 7.9% for FY-07 and WJ-1, respectively, when injected alone. The results demonstrate a good compatibility between the FY-07 and WJ-1 strains and highlight the application potential of stain FY-07 and strain WJ-1 compound flooding for enhancing the oil recovery in heterogeneous reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's world, with the advancement of technology, several emerging technologies are coming. Faced with massive emerging technologies which are the component of the technology pool, how to identify the commercial potential of emerging technologies in theory and practice is an important problem. The scientific approach to the selection of these emerging technologies is one of the main objectives of the research. In this paper, we extend Muirhead mean (MM) operator and dual MM (DMM) operator to process the Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (PFNs) and then to solve the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems. Firstly, we develop some Pythagorean fuzzy Muirhead mean operators by extending MM and DMM operators to Pythagorean fuzzy information. Then, we prove some properties and discuss some special cases with respect to the parameter vector. Moreover, we present some new methods to deal with MADM problems with the PFNs based on the proposed MM and DMM operators. Finally, we verify the validity and reliability of our methods by using an application example for potential evaluation of emerging technology commercialization, and analyze the advantages of our methods by comparing with other existing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agrivoltaics systems have emerged as an approach to alleviate competition for land use between food and energy production. Conducting a thorough analysis of the impact that shading from PV modules can have on crops is crucial for the correct design of the system, as excessive shading can lead to important crop yield reductions. This paper focuses on integrating agrivoltaics systems within super-intensive olive groves in the Mediterranean region. A dual model is used to calculate the suitable transparency of PV modules, representing the area not occupied by PV cells. This model customizes the results based on the site's meteorological parameters and the photosynthetic light-response curve of the olive cultivar. The results indicate that transparency levels vary between 0.57 and 0.71, with the lowest values observed in locations with higher solar radiation, such as Egypt and Tunisia. Using these transparency values and typical 20%-efficiency monocrystalline silicon modules, the annual average energy generation per m2 in the selected locations is 65.9 kWh. Another finding reveals that optimizing the model by considering only the months corresponding to the olive growth cycle can reduce the required transparency, thereby increasing the installed PV capacity by up to 3.5%. Furthermore, the potential deployment of these systems is evaluated in terms of installed PV capacity, energy generation, CO 2 emissions and job creation. The calculations show that installing agrivoltaics systems into 1% of the total olive surface area in the Mediterranean region would: (i) result in a 2.5% increase in the global PV capacity, (ii) generate 1.8% of the current electricity demand in the selected Mediterranean countries, (iii) avoid the emissions of 4 Mt. (CO 2) per year, and (iv) create around 560,000 jobs. • The potential integration of photovoltaics into olive groves is assessed. • Representative locations in top olive producers Mediterranean countries are selected. • Suitable PV transparency levels between 57% and 71% are found. • The average generation with the proposed APV configuration is approximately 65 kWh/year per m2 of ground. • These agrivoltaics systems could lead to the creation of >560,000 jobs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO2-EGR, i.e. enhanced gas recovery by injecting CO2, is to displace natural gas by injecting CO2 in the supercritical phase. It can both enhance the recovery of gas reservoirs and realize CO2 storage. Currently, this technique is still at its exploring stage. The effect of CO2-EGR is not clarified, the geologic conditions for CO2-EGR are not definite, and the rational working system for CO2-EGR is not available. In this paper, the long-core experiment was conducted to determine whether and how much the recovery of low-permeability reservoirs can be enhanced by injecting CO2. According to the experimental results, the recovery can be enhanced by 12% when CO2 content in produced gas is more than 10%. Moreover, the multi-component seepage mathematical model was built for displacing natural gas by injecting supercritical CO2, and the model accuracy was verified using laboratory data. With this mathematical model, the influence factors for displacing natural gas by injecting supercritical CO2 were analyzed in order to define the conditions for selecting favorable zones. The Well DK13 area in the Daniudi gas field, Ordos Basin, was selected for potential evaluation of CO2-EGR. As indicated by the numerical simulation results, when CO2 content of producing wells in the Well DK13 area is 10% (with a lower cost for corrosion prevention), the ratio of CO2-EGR is 8.0–9.5%, and 31.1% HCPV(hydrocarbon pores volume) of CO2 storage can be realized. It is thus concluded that the CO2-EGR technique can enhance the recovery of gas reservoirs and also store CO2 underground, contributing to the increase of both social and economic benefits.

The article proposes conceptual approaches to the independent accreditation of academic programs in management. These approaches are based on the analyses of some project within Federal Education Development Program and author's participation experience in a couple of them. Developed with the Ministry's support in 2011-2015 independent accreditation and monitoring models are not widespread, the new assessment organizations didn't appear, and independent accreditation tools are almost equal to those that are used in the procedures of the state accreditation. The concept proposes alternative approaches to the structure, procedure and the content of the independent accreditation that can be used in the framework of the Federal Support Policy and for development of independent accreditation system for leading programs in management.

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of seven algae was conducted at both 280 and 350 °C with a reaction time of 30 min and a mass ratio of 1/4 of algae to water to evaluate the utilization potential of bio-oil production and nutrient recycling in the aqueous by-product and solid residue particles. Chlorella and Nannochloropsis sp. exhibited the highest bio-oil yields at 280 °C (36.5% from Nannochloropsis sp.) and 350 °C (38.1% from Chlorella). Additionally, temperature had little effect on the energy recovery from Chlorella, Nannochloropsis sp., Spirulina, Cyanophyta and Euglena. The carbohydrates and lipids in the algae were primarily related to monoaromatic and single-ring heterocyclic compound generation in bio-oil. In addition, carbohydrates and proteins significantly affected oxygenated compound production. The sizable total carbon, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphate contents in the aqueous byproducts showed great potential as nutrient sources for algal cultivation and the production of value-added chemicals through recycling. Higher temperatures increased the percentage of ammonia nitrogen in the total nitrogen and reduced the phosphate concentration in the aqueous by-product. According to potential evaluation factors, Chlorella, Nannochloropsis sp., Spirulina, Cyanophyta and Euglena totally showed higher potential in terms of bio-oil production and aqueous nutrient recycling than Dunaliella salina and Enteromorpha prolifera, in which Nannochloropsis sp. exhibited the greatest utilization potential at investigated conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]