336 results on '"Post release"'
Search Results
2. Crunch Time
- Author
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Linebach, Jared A., Tesch, Brian P., Kovacsiss, Lea M., Linebach, Jared A., Tesch, Brian P., and Kovacsiss, Lea M.
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- 2014
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3. Temporary Retention in Cold Water Reduces Postrelease Behavioral Impairment in Angled Rainbow Trout
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Liane Nowell, Jessica L. Reid, Steven J. Cooke, Jacob W. Brownscombe, Andy J. Danylchuk, Peter E. Holder, and Auston D. Chhor
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Post release ,Animal science ,Ecology ,Chemistry ,Water temperature ,Rainbow trout ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Aquatic Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Catch and release - Published
- 2022
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4. To the anniversary of RUDN Professor Vadim Makhov: Post-release of the International scientific and practical conference
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Alexandra S. Vasilenko
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International research ,Post release ,biographies of legal scholars ,General Engineering ,lcsh:Law ,Library science ,well-known prosecutors ,Legal science ,Political science ,scientific schools ,Russian federation ,eminent legal scholars ,legal science ,lcsh:K ,Quarter (Canadian coin) - Abstract
On November 19, 2020, the annual International Research and Practice Conference Ignatov Readings took place. It was dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the outstanding scientist - Vadim Nikolayevich Makhov - an Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Legal Sciencies, Full Professor, whose life and scientific work have been inextricably intertwined with the RUDN University for more than a quarter of a century. The article is dedicated to Vadim Nikolaevich Makhov - a practitioner with the richest experience, an outstanding scientist, and a talented teacher!
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- 2021
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5. Postrelease Survival and Migration Behavior of Adult Walleye Following Intracoelomic Transmitter Implantation Using Two Methods of Electro‐Immobilization
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Steven J. Cooke, Christopher S. Vandergoot, Graham D. Raby, Travis O. Brenden, Matthew D. Faust, and Connor H. Reid
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0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Chemistry ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Anesthesia ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,01 natural sciences ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
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6. ‘If I don't get a job in six months' time, I can see myself being back in there’: Post‐prison employment experiences of people in Canberra
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Helen Taylor, Caroline Doyle, Lorana Bartels, Sophie Yates, and Anthony Hopkins
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Post release ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Sociology and Political Science ,Recidivism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine ,Months time ,Prison ,Psychiatry ,Psychology ,media_common - Published
- 2021
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7. 'Take It One Day at a Time and Try to Adjust to What's Going on': Exonerees’ Advice to the Newly Exonerated and Future Exonerees About Life Post-Release
- Author
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Rashaan A. DeShay
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Post release ,business.industry ,Public relations ,Psychology ,business ,Law ,Advice (programming) - Abstract
Wrongful convictions have received increased attention from both scholars and the media over the past several decades. Most of the research on this topic has focused on the factors that contribute to wrongful convictions and policy changes that may help prevent future miscarriages of justice. Scholars have also explored the post-release experiences of those who have been exonerated. Less attention has been paid to the advice exonerees would share with those who have been recently exonerated to help them navigate their new lives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals who were wrongfully convicted in the southern United States to explore this issue. While acknowledging that the post-exoneration transition could be challenging, the participants noted that they would advise those who are newly exonerated that faith, talking to other exonerees, learning how to be patient with the process, and finding a way to enjoy their new lives were important to navigating this process. This study highlights the value of exploring the perspectives of exonerees to increase our understanding of their experiences, while also using their insight to inform policy that will assist the wrongfully convicted after being exonerated and released from prison.
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- 2021
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8. The effect of artificial lure type and environment conditions on the short‐time post‐release mortality of two recreational fished Luciobarbus species
- Author
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Tuncay Ateşşahin
- Subjects
Luciobarbus mystaceus ,Fishery ,Post release ,Recreational fishing ,Luciobarbus ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Luciobarbus esocinus ,biology.organism_classification ,Recreation ,Catch and release - Published
- 2021
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9. Post release monitoring of rehabilitated gray seal pups over large temporal and spatial scales
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Paul Oaten, Natalie Dyer, Sue Sayer, Lucy A. Hawkes, Rebecca Allen, Kate Hockley, Marion Beaulieu, Grace Jones, Dan Jarvis, Natalie Waddington, Matthew J. Witt, Katie Bellman, Tamara Cooper, and Kirsten Hockin
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Post release ,Hydrology ,Geography ,Aquatic Science ,Seal (mechanical) ,Gray (horse) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
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10. Post release of the Symposium on Advanced Wound Care 'SAWC 2021 Virtual' (May 10–14, 2021, USA)
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Yu. S. Paskhalova
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Post release ,Wound care ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Emergency medicine ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
This article presents the chronology of the Symposium on Advanced Wound Care “SAWC 2021 Virtual” that took place May 10–14, 2021. SAWC is an annual event that has been held for more than 30 years and brings together various specialists in the field of wound care: dermatologists, plastic surgeons, orthopedists, nurses, nutritionists, sports medicine doctors, physiotherapists, research doctors. The scientific program of the symposium included 150 reports devoted to both the results of scientific and experimental research and advanced applied medical technologies aimed at improving the results of chronic wounds by various etiology and localization treatment.
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- 2021
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11. An Intervention for Reducing the Sexual Risk of Men Released From Jails.
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Williams, Samantha P., Myles, Ranell L., Sperling, Charles C., and Carey, Delicia
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PREVENTION of sexually transmitted diseases ,REHABILITATION of people with mental illness ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,CONDOMS ,HEALTH education ,PREVENTIVE health services ,PROBABILITY theory ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,RISK perception ,UNSAFE sex ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,CONTINUING education units ,INDEPENDENT living ,HEALTH literacy ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Incarceration history can affect sexual health behaviors. A randomized controlled trial of a prevention intervention tailored for post-incarcerated men was administered in a reentry setting. Men ≤45 days post release were recruited into a five-session intervention study. Participants (N = 255) were assessed and tested for three sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV at baseline and 3 months post-intervention and followed up for 3 more months. The intervention group’s STD risks knowledge (p < .001), partner communication about condoms (p < .001), and condom application skills (p < .001) improved. Although fewer men tested positive for an STD at 3 months post-intervention (10% vs. 8%) and no new HIV cases were found, the finding was not significant. A tailored risk reduction intervention for men with incarceration histories can affect sexual risk behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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12. Post-release survival and prolonged sublethal effects of capture and barotrauma on deep-dwelling rockfishes (genus Sebastes): implications for fish management and conservation
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Drew T Nguyen, Russell D. Vetter, Elan J. Portner, Lyall Bellquist, Paul Fischer, Philip A. Hastings, Ken Franke, Nicholas C. Wegner, Brice X. Semmens, John R. Hyde, Alena L Pribyl, Andrew P. Nosal, and Kevin L. Stierhoff
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Post release ,Geography ,Ecology ,biology ,Genus ,%22">Fish ,Zoology ,Sebastes ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Barotrauma—injury induced by changes in pressure—is a widespread challenge for successfully releasing fishes following capture. We used acoustic telemetry to examine the long-term post-release survival and behaviour of four rockfish species (genus Sebastes) suffering from barotrauma following capture using recreational fishing techniques. We placed particular emphasis on examining Cowcod (Sebastes levis) and Bocaccio (Sebastes paucispinis), two historically overfished species along the United States West Coast that serve as good model species representing different ecological lifestyles. We show that fish survival was species specific and that 40% of observed mortality occurred more than 48 h post release—a typical time period used in many short-term survivorship studies. Cowcod survival was correlated with fish length, sea surface temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration at the mean depth of capture. Generalized additive mixed models of Cowcod and Bocaccio behaviour showed that surviving individuals were negatively affected by capture and barotrauma for at least 30 d post-release. Our findings demonstrate the need for extended observations to accurately quantify the mortality of fishes suffering from barotrauma and show how such data can be successfully implemented into fisheries management through engagement between managers, scientists, and the fishing community.
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- 2021
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13. Post-release of the International Scientific and Practice Congress 'Diabetes Mellitus, Its Complications and Surgical Infections' (November 19–21, 2019, Moscow, Russia)
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Yu. S. Paskhalova
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Post release ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Diabetes mellitus ,General surgery ,education ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,business ,Surgical Infections ,health care economics and organizations - Abstract
The article presents the chronology of the International Scientific and Practice Congress “Diabetes Mellitus, Its Complications and Surgical Infections” (November 19–21, 2019).
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- 2021
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14. Participant experiences of a post-release electronic monitoring program for domestic violence in New South Wales, Australia
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Paul Simpson, Tony Butler, and Ye In J. Hwang
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Post release ,Political science ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,050602 political science & public administration ,Domestic violence ,0509 other social sciences ,Criminology ,Law ,Monitoring program ,0506 political science ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Electronic monitoring has been increasingly used internationally with recent implementation in Australia for those convicted of domestic violence offenses. It is timely and important to gain a better understanding of the physical, psychological, social, and offending-related experiences and impacts of electronic monitoring on this group to inform further implementation. This study describes the experiences of individuals who were subject to a post-release electronic monitoring program for domestic violence in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Semi-structured phone interviews were conducted with 16 men who had recently experienced electronic monitoring. Thematic analysis was used to investigate common themes across participants’ experiences. Demographic and basic quantitative health data were also collected. Five themes were identified: (a) confusion regarding program practices, (b) awareness and pressure of monitoring, (c) social exclusion effects, (d) felt and enacted stigmatization, and (e) “for them not for me.” The findings reveal participants were highly aware of their being monitored, with a mix of positive and negative responses to this cognizance. Being electronically monitored had several flow-on effects on participants’ lives, creating challenges in social spheres across work and personal life. Stigma, both felt and enacted, featured heavily in participants’ responses. Individual factors that may affect program adherence were also identified, including education level and intent to commit a crime. Further quantitative work will be useful for informing a more complete understanding of the relationship between program experiences and outcomes such as reoffending and post-release community integration.
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- 2021
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15. Relative Cost and Post‐Release Performance of Hatchery Catchable Rainbow Trout Grown to Two Target Sizes
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Kevin A. Meyer, John D. Cassinelli, and Philip R. Branigan
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Relative cost ,Post release ,Animal science ,Rainbow trout ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Hatchery ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2021
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16. Prison Visitation and the Likelihood of Post-Release Employment
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Alyssa W. Chamberlain, Danielle Wallace, Matthew Gricius, and Chantal Fahmy
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Post release ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,Prison ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Demographic economics ,Sociology ,0509 other social sciences ,Law ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common ,Social capital - Abstract
Formerly incarcerated people have a difficult time finding employment upon release. Research has suggested the effectiveness in utilizing one’s social capital and social networks, particularly through family, as a means of securing stable employment post-prison. However, the social connections necessary—maintained via prison visitation—are often weakened due to long-term incarceration and multiple prison stints. Data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) are used to investigate whether individuals were able to find employment within 3 months after release. Results suggest that individuals who have committed serious crimes likely have more strained family relationships; making family members’ willingness to vouch for employment on their behalf, less likely. Implications regarding policy and practice for corrections and reentry are discussed.
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- 2021
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17. Mental Health Outcomes for Female Inmates without a Mental Disorder: Imprisonment and Post-release Effects of Confinement with Women with a Mental Illness
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Tomer Einat and Diana Cantini Vaisman
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Post release ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,Mentally ill ,medicine.medical_treatment ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Mental illness ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychiatry ,Imprisonment ,Psychology ,Law ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
This study explores the well-being of women offenders without mental disorders during imprisonment and reentry after having been confined with mentally ill female inmates. We found that this joint confinement causes great distress to the mentally stable female inmates, harming both their mental, physical, and emotional condition and their reentry process and rehabilitation. Our findings led us to conclude that women prisoners should be separated from those with mental disorders or be offered a wide range of psychological and emotional coping tools as well as variety of rehabilitative treatment programs.
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- 2021
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18. Assessing the influence of housing needs on boys’ offending post-release
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Brandon L. Crawford and Constance L. Chapple
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Post release ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Family member ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Dysfunctional family ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,Psychiatry ,Law ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
In 2016, there were approximately 45,000 juveniles in placement in the United States. Most youth indicate that they plan to live with a family member upon release. Yet, many boys report housing nee...
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- 2021
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19. Preliminary estimate of post-release survival of immature porbeagles caught with rod-and-reel in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean
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Heather D. Bowlby, James A. Sulikowski, Andrés Domingo, Enric Cortés, Rui Coelho, Brooke N. Anderson, and Lisa J. Natanson
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0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Survival ,Ecology ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,Marine & Freshwater Biology ,Oceanography ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Shark ,01 natural sciences ,Fishery ,040102 fisheries ,Reel ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Porbeagle ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Geology - Abstract
The Northwest Atlantic (NWA) population of porbeagles Lamna nasus is susceptible to capture in rod-and-reel fisheries and most individuals are discarded alive due to catch and size limits. To estimate post-release survival, pop-off satellite archival tags were attached to porbeagles captured with rod-and-reel. Fourteen tags were deployed, of which 13 transmitted. All sharks for which we had data survived, giving a post-release survival rate of 100%. Following release, 6 individuals remained in surface waters for several hours to days, while 2 individuals immediately resumed normal diving behaviors. For the remaining sharks (n = 5), low tag transmission resolution precluded the detection of fine scale post-release behavior. The duration of initial depth-holding behavior was characterized using a break-point analysis of dive track variance, which suggests porbeagles exhibited a median post-release recovery period of 116 h (10th and 90th percentiles = 68.8 and 280.1 h) following capture and handling. Our preliminary study suggests immature porbeagles are resilient to capture and handling, although more data would provide stronger support for management recommendations.
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- 2021
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20. Maintaining Connections: An Exploratory Analysis of the Predictors of Prison Visitation with Children and the Post-Release Plans of Incarcerated Mothers
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Wesley T. Smith, Judith A. Harris, Janet L. Mullings, and Ashley G. Blackburn
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Post release ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,050109 social psychology ,Prison ,Sample (statistics) ,Exploratory analysis ,Mental health ,Gender Studies ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,Law ,Clinical psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Parental incarceration has been found to negatively impact families and communities. This study examined characteristics that impact receiving in-person visits among a sample of incarcerated mother...
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- 2021
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21. Prison and Post-Release Experiences of Innocent Inmates
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Kathryn M. Campbell, Nicky Ali Jackson, and Margaret Pate
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Post release ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,Prison ,Criminology ,Exoneration ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Confession ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Conviction ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common ,False imprisonment - Abstract
Over the past thirty years, research on wrongful convictions has mainly spotlighted the causes of wrongful conviction including eyewitness misidentification, false confession, misused forensic evid...
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- 2020
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22. Post-Release Financial Behavioral Intentions of Transitional Center Participants
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Kate Mielitz and Maurice MacDonald
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Post release ,Economics and Econometrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,medicine ,050211 marketing ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,050207 economics ,Psychiatry ,Psychology ,Finance - Abstract
There are numerous factors associated with successful reentry, but one that has not yet been addressed is financial behavior after release. This study used a primary data set collected in the fall of 2017. The theory of planned behavior was applied to investigate post-release financial behavioral intentions of men and women approaching return to society via a work release program in Georgia. Support for the theory of planned behavior was identified; attitude, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavioral control are significant predictors of financial intentions for this sample. Length of incarceration was the most important aspect of incarceration history. Innovative use of a control variable indicated that socially desirable response patterns about key variables were not confounding. This research is valuable to practitioners and policy makers in that it provides insight into planned financial behaviors that could affect the success of the individual's reentry back into society, and it fortifies prior evidence that the theory of planned behavior is a useful analytical framework.
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- 2020
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23. Internal Radiation Dose Evaluation for an Unruptured Post Release Tristructural Isotropic Fuel Particle for Advanced and Micro-reactor Applications
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Amoret L. Bunn, Philip J. Jensen, Caitlin A. Condon, and Pavlo Ivanusa
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Post release ,Materials science ,Nuclear fuel ,Epidemiology ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Rectosigmoid Colon ,Nuclear engineering ,Isotropy ,Internal radiation ,Effective dose (radiation) ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Particle size ,Microreactor - Abstract
There are unique benefits from advanced/micro-reactor designs and fuel types that offer safety features in the case of an accident that may reduce environmental consequences compared to conventional reactors and fuels. Tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles are a robust advanced nuclear fuel type that leads to the unique question of how unruptured, activated TRISO particles will interact with humans. TRISO particles are 900 μm in size, and that particle size restricts internal dose assessment to the ingestion pathway. Activity of the TRISO particle was established by High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor simulations. The TRISO particle encapsulation was assumed to be perfect; exploration of internal dose contribution from radionuclides released from encapsulation was not included. The TRISO particle was assumed to be mixed actively within each alimentary tract compartment such that homogenous distribution could be assumed according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection publication 133. The dose assessment results indicate that the rectosigmoid colon had the highest internal organ dose for both reference male (2.1 Sv) and female (2.3 Sv). The internal dose from ingestion of the scenario-specific TRISO particle was 0.25 Sv for the reference male and 0.29 Sv for the reference female, which exceeds the annual occupational effective dose limit of 0.05 Sv in the Code of Federal Regulations, 10 CFR Part 20 Subpart C. Similarly, the annual occupational limit of 0.5 Sv to any one organ would be exceeded for the left colon, right colon, and rectosigmoid colon for both the reference male and female.
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- 2020
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24. Predicting <scp>just‐in‐time</scp> software defects to reduce <scp>post‐release</scp> quality costs in the maritime industry
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Jonggu Kang, Jongmoon Baik, and Duksan Ryu
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Post release ,Software ,Software quality assurance ,Maritime industry ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Operations management ,business ,Quality costs - Published
- 2020
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25. The role of negative staff behavior and fairness on perceptions of post-release success among formerly incarcerated juveniles
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Alex R. Piquero, Meghan A. Novisky, and Chelsey Narvey
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Post release ,Recidivism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,Re entry ,Perception ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,Law ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Clinical psychology ,media_common - Abstract
A large body of literature has examined the impact of staff behavior in correctional settings on offenders’ likelihood of recidivism. However, gaps remain with respect to how staff behavior is rela...
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- 2020
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26. Post-release survival of fallout Newell’s shearwater fledglings from a rescue and rehabilitation program on Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i
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Scott Driskill, André F. Raine, Helen Raine, Megan Vynne, Josh Adams, and Tracy Anderson
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0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Rehabilitation ,Ecology ,biology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Shearwater ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Fishery ,Geography ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,medicine ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
Light attraction impacts nocturnally active fledgling seabirds worldwide and is a particularly acute problem on Kaua‘i (the northern-most island in the main Hawaiian Island archipelago) for the Critically Endangered Newell’s shearwaterPuffinus newelli. The Save Our Shearwaters (SOS) program was created in 1979 to address this issue and to date has recovered and released to sea more than 30500 fledglings. Although the value of the program for animal welfare is clear, as birds cannot simply be left to die, no evaluation exists to inform post-release survival. We used satellite transmitters to track 38 fledglings released by SOS and compared their survival rates (assessed by tag transmission duration) to those of 12 chicks that fledged naturally from the mountains of Kaua‘i. Wild fledglings transmitted longer than SOS birds, and SOS birds with longer rehabilitation periods transmitted for a shorter duration than birds released immediately or rehabilitated for only 1 d. Although transmitter durations from grounded fledglings were shorter (indicating impacts to survivorship), some SOS birds did survive and dispersed out to sea. All surviving birds (wild and SOS) traveled more than 2000 km to the southwest of Kaua‘i, where they concentrated mostly in the North Pacific Equatorial Countercurrent Province, revealing a large-scale annual post-breeding aggregation zone for fledgling Newell’s shearwaters. While there was reduced survival among birds undergoing rehabilitation, SOS remains an important contribution toward the conservation of Newell’s shearwater because a proportion of released birds do indeed survive. However, light attraction, the root cause of fallout, remains a serious unresolved issue on Kaua’i.
- Published
- 2020
27. Desisting from Crime: In-Prison Behaviour and Cognition as Predictors of Post-Release Success
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Glenn D. Walters
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Post release ,media_common.quotation_subject ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,Prison ,Cognition ,Test (assessment) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,Law ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
To test the possibility that in-prison behaviour and cognition provide information useful in predicting future desistance from crime, two in-prison variables and nine pre-prison and demographic control variables were correlated with post-prison release success in a group of 1,101 male inmates released from federal prison. A Cox regression proportional hazards survival analysis revealed that fewer disciplinary infractions and lower criminal thinking predicted future desistance, as measured by the absence of post-release arrests or a longer time until first arrest for those who were arrested, net the effects of the pre-prison variables and demographic measures. When disciplinary infractions were subclassified as aggressive (fighting, assault, threatening) or non-aggressive (disobedience, theft, use of intoxicants), only the non-aggressive category achieved significance. Likewise, when criminal thinking was subdivided into proactive and reactive criminal thinking, only the reactive dimension achieved significance. These findings suggest that behaviour and cognition assessed in prison may have value both in predicting desistance upon a person’s release from prison and in clarifying the nature of post-prison release success.
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- 2020
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28. Good Intentions: Women’s Narratives of Post-Release Anticipatory Desistance in the Context of Historical and Contemporary Disadvantage and Trauma
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Rachel Hale
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Post release ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,Gender studies ,Context (language use) ,Gender Studies ,Negotiation ,050501 criminology ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Narrative ,Sociology ,Law ,Disadvantage ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,0505 law ,media_common - Abstract
Desistance theorizing has concentrated on the male experience resulting in relatively less knowledge about how criminalized women negotiate nonoffending, particularly from a qualitative perspective. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with eight formerly incarcerated women in Victoria, Australia, this research explores the anticipation of desistance in the context of experiences preceding and following incarceration. The findings highlight how individual-level intentions to cease offending can be eclipsed by historical and ongoing disadvantage and trauma. In emphasizing the gendered socio-structural barriers affecting women’s desistance efforts, this article contributes to a small, yet important, emerging discourse—a form of critical feminist desistance.
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- 2020
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29. Post-Release Monitoring of a Stranded and Rehabilitated Short-Finned Pilot Whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus) Reveals Current-Assisted Travel
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Reny B. Tyson Moore, David C. Douglas, Hendrik H. Nollens, Lara Croft, and Randall S. Wells
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Post release ,Fishery ,biology ,biology.animal ,Environmental science ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Globicephala macrorhynchus ,Aquatic Science ,Current (fluid) ,biology.organism_classification ,Pilot whale ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2020
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30. Cost of fear and radiation protection actions: Washington County, Utah and Fukushima, Japan {Comparing case histories}
- Author
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Bruce W. Church and Antone L. Brooks
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Radioactive Fallout ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Nuclear weapon ,Radiation Dosage ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Radiation Protection ,0302 clinical medicine ,Utah ,Political science ,medicine ,Fukushima Nuclear Accident ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Nuclear power reactor ,Environmental planning ,Historical record ,Post release ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Public health ,Fear ,Radiation exposure ,Harm ,Nuclear Power Plants ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Radiation protection ,business - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this manuscript is to evaluate the role of regulatory limits and regulatory action on the total impact of nuclear contamination and accidents. While it is important to protect the public from excessive radiation exposures it is also critical to weigh the damage done by implementing regulations against the benefits produced. Two cases: Actions taken as a result of radioactive fallout in Washington County, Utah in 1953 from the atomic bomb testing in Nevada, and the actions implemented post release of radioactive materials into the environment from the damaged nuclear power reactor at Fukushima, Japan, are compared.Materials and methods: The Washington County radiation exposures and doses, resulting from the Nevada nuclear weapons tests, were taken from published reports, papers, and historical records. The protective actions taken were reviewed and reported. Recent publications were used to define the doses following Fukushima. The impact and/or results of sheltering only versus sheltering/evacuation of Washington County and Fukushima are compared.Results: The radiation dose from the fallout in Washington County from the fallout was almost 2-3 three times the dose in Japan, but the regulatory actions were vastly different. In Utah, the minimal action taken, e.g. sheltering in place, had no major impact on the public health or on the economy. The actions in Fukushima resulted in major negative impact precipitated through the fear generated. And the evacuation. The results had adverse human health and wellness consequences and a serious impact on the economy of the Fukushima region, and all of Japan.Conclusions: When evacuation is being considered, great care must be taken when any regulatory actions are initiated based on radiation limits. It is necessary to consider total impact and optimize the actions to limit radiation exposure while minimizing the social, economic, and health impacts. Optimization can help ensure that the protective measures result in more good than harm. It seems clear that organizations who recommend radiation protection guidelines need to revisit the past and current guides in light of the significant Fukushima experience.
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- 2020
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31. Optimising the number of test sites, crop-years and replications to maximize post-release testing efficiencies
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Hussein Shimelis, Sanesh Ramburan, Sbongeleni Warren Duma, and Admire Shayanowako
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0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Ecology ,fungi ,Sugar industry ,food and beverages ,Soil Science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plant Science ,01 natural sciences ,Test (assessment) ,Crop ,Agronomy ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Variance components ,Cultivar ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Mathematics - Abstract
The South African sugar industry develops commercial sugarcane cultivars across multiple testing sites, crop-years and replications. The extent of such parameters has not been well quantified for o...
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- 2020
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32. 21st All-Russian Science Education Forum 'Mother & Child'. Urinary tract infections in women: what a gynecologist needs to know? (Post-release)
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Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, L.G. Spivak, I.A. Apolikhina, L.A. Khodyreva, and A.V. Zaitsev
- Subjects
Post release ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Urinary system ,Family medicine ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business ,Science education - Abstract
A round table on the topic “Urinary tract infections in women: what a gynecologist needs to know?” was organized within the framework of the 21st All-Russian Science Education Forum “Mother & Child” that was held on September 28–30, 2020, in Moscow. The speakers reported on an increasing incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs), in particular, cystitis. This is accounted for by the lack of a common diagnostic and treatment approach to this disease among various medical specialties and self-medicating with randomly chosen or low-dose antibiotics. Current recommendations for the prescribing of medications to reduce the symptoms of acute cystitis are addressed. The increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is highlighted. The development and more active implementation of the approaches avoiding the use of antibiotics to prevent UTI recurrences are required. KEYWORDS: cystitis, urinary tract infections, recommendations, immune prophylaxis, cranberry, D-mannose, vitamin D. FOR CITATION: 21st All-Russian Science Education Forum “Mother & Child”. Urinary tract infections in women: what a gynecologist needs to know? (Post-release). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):282–288. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-282-289.
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- 2020
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33. Post‐release comparisons of amphibian growth reveal challenges with sperm cryopreservation as a conservation tool
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Bryan K. Lynn, Mariah Mack, Allison Bogisich, Sinlan Poo, and Anne Devan-Song
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Post release ,Amphibian ,Anaxyrus fowleri ,Assisted reproductive technology ,biology ,Ecology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Sperm cryopreservation ,Zoology ,General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution ,assisted‐reproductive technology ,Reproductive physiology ,QH1-199.5 ,captive‐breeding ,biology.animal ,Captive breeding ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,captive‐release ,conservation translocation ,reintroduction ,QH540-549.5 ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Conservation translocation using captive‐bred individuals has become increasingly important for species restoration. Despite advancements in technologies for captive‐breeding, such as gamete cryopreservation, it remains largely unknown if these artificially‐produced offspring can be used to establish a viable wild population. Using an amphibian species with a stable conservation status (Anaxyrus fowleri), we measured the post‐release growth and survivorship of offspring produced from frozen/thawed sperm and projected fecundity and population differences. Cryo‐derived tadpoles and post‐metamorphic toadlets were smaller than their natural counterparts. Model projections show that early‐life differences in growth can scale up to substantial differences in final life fecundity and population trends. Our findings call for greater attention towards the differences between captive‐bred and cryo‐derived individuals compared to their natural counterparts, and the need for more investment into developing cryopreservation technologies that are viable at the population level for conservation translocation.
- Published
- 2022
34. Continuity of opioid substitution treatment between prison and community in Southeast Asia: A scoping review.
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Loh, Debbie Ann, Plugge, Emma, and Van Hout, Marie-Claire
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- *
SUBSTANCE abuse treatment , *NARCOTICS , *CINAHL database , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *MEDICAL databases , *HEALTH services accessibility , *SOCIAL support , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *MULTILINGUALISM , *MEDICAL care of prisoners , *FAMILIES , *SOCIAL stigma , *CONTINUUM of care , *INDEPENDENT living , *LITERATURE reviews , *MEDLINE , *THEMATIC analysis , *REHABILITATION , *DRUG abusers - Abstract
Criminalisation of drug use and compulsory detention has largely characterised the Southeast Asia region's response to people who use drugs. Whilst access to and provision of healthcare for people living in prison are mandated by international human rights standards, many opioid dependent people living in prison continue to lack access to opioid substitution treatment (OST) during incarceration, and face uncertainties of continuity of care beyond the prison gate. A scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's framework mapped what is currently known about the continuity of OST post-release in Southeast Asia, with a focus on the three countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam) that provide OST in at least one prison. A multi-lingual systematic search (English, Malay, Indonesian, Vietnamese) on Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library collected and reviewed extant relevant published empirical and grey literature including government reports between 2011 and 2021. Of the 365 records found, 18 were eligible for inclusion following removal of duplicates and application of exclusion criteria. These records were charted and thematically analysed. Three main themes were generated: Facilitators of post release continuity of care, Barriers to post release continuity of care and Therapeutic considerations supporting post release continuity of care. When individual and structural gaps exist, disruptions to continuity of OST care post release are observed. Adequate methadone dosage of >80mg/day appears significantly associated with retention in post-release OST. The review highlights the facilitators, barriers and therapeutic considerations of continuity of care of OST between prison and community for people living in prisons from Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Improving community services with family support are key to supporting continued OST adherence post release along with reducing societal stigma towards people who use drugs and those entering or leaving prison. Further efforts are warranted to ensure parity, quality and continuity of OST care post release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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35. How Primary Health Care Can Better Support the Families of Aboriginal Australians in Contact with the Criminal Justice System: A Human Rights Approach.
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DELANEY-THIELE, DEA, LLOYD, JANE E., ABBOTT, PENNY, BALDRY, EILEEN, MCENTYRE, ELIZABETH, MALERA-BANDJALAN, KATHY, REATH, JENNIFER, INDIG, DEVON, SHERWOOD, JUANITA, and HARRIS, MARK F.
- Subjects
- *
PRIMARY health care , *COMMUNITY health services , *CRIMINAL justice system , *HUMAN rights , *IMPRISONMENT - Abstract
Aims and Rationale Cycling in and out of prison is recognised as extremely damaging and disempowering for the families of Aboriginal Australians and their communities. We examined the impact of incarceration and the return of former inmates to their communities on family members and how primary health care services might provide better support to Aboriginal families and communities. Methods A human rights-based framework was used as an interpretive lens to analyse findings from ten interviews with family members of Aboriginal former inmates. Three human rights principles were invoked: the accountability of duty bearers, participation of right holders, and equity and non-discrimination. Findings The impact on Aboriginal family members of supporting a relative in custody and post release is substantial. In the absence of adequate post-release discharge planning and communication between services, it was left to family members to identify the immediate needs of former inmates and also to establish their own links with community services, including primary health care. Family members have therefore acted as important brokers to accessing primary health care services. According to the human rights framework, both family members and inmates are right holders. However, unless an inmate is on parole, there is no single agency responsible for meeting the needs of the former inmates. Therefore, there is no official duty-bearer. Primary health care services may provide health care, information, emotional and instrumental support to former inmates and family members but the manner in which this occurs is largely reactive. Relevance to policy, research or practice needs There is a need to identify which organisations are the key duty bearers for former inmates and family members and how best to support them to ensure the rights holders can access their rights to health and wellbeing. Rather than a single organisation, the key to effective post-release support is a linked and collaborative service network model. Primary health care needs to link with appropriate other social and human services so that when families and former inmates seek support they are ready to activate the network as well as provide targeted health interventions as needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
36. Post-release Movement Behaviour and Survival of Kulan Reintroduced to the Steppes and Deserts of Central Kazakhstan
- Author
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Petra Kaczensky, Albert Salemgareyev, John D. C. Linnell, Steffen Zuther, Chris Walzer, Nikolaus Huber, and Thierry Petit
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social cohesion ,Steppe ,Range (biology) ,VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 ,Population ,Zoology ,QH1-199.5 ,kulan ,education ,Equus hemionus kulan ,reintroduction ,Post release ,Nature reserve ,education.field_of_study ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,biology ,National park ,post-release movement ,General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution ,biology.organism_classification ,Equus ,Kazakhstan ,soft release ,Geography ,Habitat ,VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 - Abstract
Asiatic wild ass, or kulan (Equus hemionus kulan) were once a key species of the Eurasian steppes and deserts. In Kazakhstan they went extinct by the 1930s. Early reintroductions have reestablished the species in two protected areas, but the species has reclaimed 2, the 95% Autocorrelated Kernel Density Estimation ranges of the reintroduced kulan were huge and about 10–100 times larger than those in the source populations. The reintroduced mares never reconnected, there was no evidence of successful reproduction, and two of the four collared mares were killed by poachers and one died of natural causes. At least one stallion survived in the wild, but the fate of the other uncollared animals remains unclear. We speculate that the fission-fusion dynamics and low movement correlation of kulan societies and the need for migratory movements harbours the risk that animals released into a novel environment loose contact with each other. This risk is likely enhanced in steppe habitats where movement constraining factors are absent. Further kulan reintroductions to the steppes and deserts of central Kazakhstan should aim to release larger groups and build up the free-ranging population quickly to reach a critical mass, increasing the chance of kulan encountering conspecifics to successfully breed and increase their chances of survival.
- Published
- 2021
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37. Post-release behaviors and movements of cultured and wild Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) in a shallow brackish water lagoon in northeastern Japan
- Author
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Hiromichi Mitamura, Tatsuma Sato, Takashi Iwasaki, Tomoya Hori, Ikuo Matsumoto, Takuji Noda, Toshihiro Wada, Kaoru Narita, and Nobuaki Arai
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0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Brackish water ,biology ,Range (biology) ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Zoology ,Aquatic Science ,Nocturnal ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Japonica ,Water temperature ,Nature Conservation ,Reproduction ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,media_common - Abstract
A total of 30 cultured [610.6 ± 24.0 mm total length (TL)] and six wild Japanese eels Anguilla japonica collected on site (622.2 ± 133.1 mm TL) were tagged with acoustic transmitters and released into a shallow brackish water lagoon in northeastern Japan in June 2014 and July–October 2014, respectively; their post-release movements in the entire lagoon were monitored by acoustic receivers. We found that the cultured and wild eels had some common features, such as nocturnal activity and the exploitation of a wide range of brackish environments and occasionally river excursions at night from the lagoon. However, the total periods of detection and seaward movement behaviors differed between the cultured and wild eels, with 26 cultured eels no longer being detected within 6 months, whereas four wild eels were detected for >6 months. In total, 12 cultured eels moved into the outer ocean (potentially seaward migration) in October after typhoons passed and in November after the water temperature decreased (13.8 ± 1.2 °C), as opposed to the wild eels. While the contribution of the cultured eels to reproduction after the seaward movement remains unknown, these findings showed that they remained in the lagoon only for a limited time.
- Published
- 2019
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38. Chlorophyll fluorometry as a method of determining the effectiveness of a biological control agent in post-release evaluations
- Author
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Julie A. Coetzee, Martin Hill, and Benjamin E. Miller
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,biology ,Hyacinth ,Biological pest control ,Greenhouse ,biology.organism_classification ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,010602 entomology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Planthopper ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Insect Science ,Chlorophyll ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The impact of the planthopper Megamelus scutellaris, a biocontrol agent of water hyacinth in South Africa, was assessed using chlorophyll fluorometry in a greenhouse study under two differe...
- Published
- 2019
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39. Assessing the Impact of Restrictive Housing on Inmate Post-Release Criminal Behavior
- Author
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Laura M. Salerno, Jesenia M. Pizarro, and Kristen M. Zgoba
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Post release ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Recidivism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Prison ,Rearrest ,Criminal behavior ,Restrictive housing ,Propensity score matching ,medicine ,Psychology ,Psychiatry ,Law ,media_common - Abstract
The placement of inmates in restrictive housing (RH) units has become a staple of corrections policy in recent years. Despite its increased use, research on its continued effects is relatively rare when compared to the breadth of general correctional research. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effect placement in restrictive housing has on offender recidivism post prison release. Subjects include approximately 4000 inmates matched through Propensity Score Matching (PSM) techniques and followed 36 months post-release. The findings reveal that inmates placed in restrictive housing had elevated levels of recidivism and proportionally more new commitments for all crime types than those not placed in restrictive housing. Restrictive housing subjects also displayed shorter time to rearrest than non-RH individuals. The theoretical and policy implications of these findings are discussed.
- Published
- 2019
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40. The Effect of Reentry Court Participation on Post-Release Supervision Outcomes and Re-Arrest
- Author
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Matthew S. Crow and John Ortiz Smykla
- Subjects
Post release ,Revocation ,Recidivism ,Political science ,General Medicine ,Reentry ,Criminology - Abstract
This research examines the impact of participation in a federal reentry court program on supervision violations, revocations, and re-arrest. We evaluate a federal reentry court that utilize...
- Published
- 2019
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41. Capital depreciation: The lack of recovery capital and post-release support for prisoners leaving the Drug Recovery Wings in England and Wales
- Author
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Charlie Lloyd, Geoffrey William Page, Neil McKeganey, and Christopher Russell
- Subjects
Adult ,Family support ,media_common.quotation_subject ,030508 substance abuse ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Prison ,Criminology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Imprisonment ,Qualitative Research ,media_common ,Post release ,Wales ,Prisoners ,Health Policy ,Depreciation ,Psychosocial Support Systems ,Opioid-Related Disorders ,Mental health ,England ,Work (electrical) ,Capital (economics) ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology - Abstract
Background This article draws on the evaluation of the pilot Drug Recovery Wings (DRWs), which were introduced ten prisons in England and Wales, with the intention of delivering abstinence-focused drug recovery services. The DRW pilots can be seen as representing the extension of the recovery paradigm – so prevalent elsewhere in UK drug policy – to the prison system. This study aimed to provide a detailed account of DRW prisoners’ expectations and experiences in the transition from prison to the community and explore the potential for ‘doing recovery’ in prison and on release. Methods In-depth, qualitative interviews were conducted in prison with 61 prisoners across six of the DRWs. Follow-up interviews six months after release were conducted with 21 prisoners and 26 ‘recovery supports’ (people identified as being close to the prisoners). Data from one, other or both sources was available for 36 prisoners. All interviews were fully transcribed and coded. Results The majority of the 61 had long histories of alcohol and/or opiate dependence, childhood adversity, undiagnosed mental health problems and few educational qualifications. Nonetheless, many had long histories of employment – mostly in manual trades. The majority described themselves as being ‘in recovery’ at the time of the first interview in prison. While one of the main aims of the DRWs was to support prisoners’ recovery journeys into the community, this aspect of their work did not materialize. Professional support at release was largely absent or, where present, ineffectual. Many were released street-homeless or to disordered and threatening hostels and night-shelters. Only three of the 36 were fully abstinent from drink and drugs at time of re-interview, although some had moderated their use. A substantial number had returned to pre-imprisonment levels of use, often with deeply damaging impacts on those around them. Discussion and conclusions This research suggests a fundamental contradiction between recovery and imprisonment. In large part, imprisonment serves to erode recovery capital while, at the same time, making psychoactive substances readily available. Looking to the future, every effort should be made to divert substance users from imprisonment in the first place. Where that fails, the primary aim should be to reduce the erosion of recovery capital during imprisonment: through family support work, providing proper housing, training and education opportunities and ensuring a graduated reintroduction of prisoners into the community.
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- 2019
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42. Effects of post‐release movements on survival of translocated sage‐grouse
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Jeffrey A. Manning, Daniel H. Thornton, Lisa A. Shipley, Kyle Ebenhoch, and Kevin S. White
- Subjects
Post release ,Ecology ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Sage grouse ,Biology ,Productivity ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2019
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43. Partners in crime? Post-release recidivism among solo and co-offenders in Norway
- Author
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Synøve N. Andersen
- Subjects
Post release ,Recidivism ,Capital (economics) ,Co offending ,Offending behaviour ,Registry data ,Criminology ,Psychology ,Law - Abstract
Co-offending may increase offenders’ criminal capital in ways that impact their subsequent offending behaviour, and while highly theorized, the relationship between co-offending and reoffending has...
- Published
- 2019
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44. Disease Resistance of ‘MP-29’, a Clonal Interspecific Hybrid Rootstock for Peach, in Post-release Trials
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Dario J. Chavez, Philip A. Rollins, Jim Pitts, Jose X. Chaparro, and T.G. Beckman
- Subjects
Post release ,Horticulture ,Productivity (ecology) ,Crop yield ,Interspecific competition ,Plant disease resistance ,Biology ,Rootstock ,Hybrid ,Dwarfing - Abstract
The primary focus of the stone fruit rootstock program at Byron, GA, has been the development of disease-resistant rootstocks for peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch). Historically peach tree short life (PTSL), aka bacterial canker complex, and Armillaria root rot (ARR) have been the two most important causes of premature mortality of commercial peach trees in the southeastern United States. Guardian®, a seedling peach rootstock, was cooperatively released in 1993 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and Clemson University. It has since been widely adopted by the southeastern peach industry. As a result, trees losses to PTSL have declined sharply. However, Guardian, like most other peach seedling rootstocks, is susceptible to ARR. ARR has now moved to the forefront as the primary cause of premature peach tree death in the Southeast. In response to this threat, the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the University of Florida, released ‘Sharpe’, a plum hybrid rootstock in 2007. Despite its broad disease resistance, ‘Sharpe’ proved unsuited for widespread commercial utilization due to its relatively poor cropping performance. In 2011, ‘MP-29’, a semidwarf, clonal, plum × peach hybrid, was released for commercial trial. ‘MP-29’s broad disease and nematode resistance, in combination with its dwarfing ability and excellent productivity, offered great promise for use in this production area and in others suffering from similar issues. Since its release, testing of ‘MP-29’ has continued both in researcher and grower trials. To date, performance has exceeded all expectations.
- Published
- 2019
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45. Post‐release dispersal and spawning movements of a translocated lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens, Rafinesque 1817) population in the Mattagami River, Ontario
- Author
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Charles Hendry, Maggie L. E. Boothroyd, Tim Haxton, Tom Whillans, Chris C. Wilson, and Derrick A. Romain
- Subjects
Fishery ,Post release ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Population ,Biological dispersal ,Acipenser ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,education ,Lake sturgeon - Published
- 2019
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46. Post-release horizontal and vertical behavior and philopatry of deepwater longtail red snapper Etelis coruscans around a bank
- Author
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Takeshi Hayashibara, Junichi Okuyama, and Hirotoshi Shishidou
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Etelis coruscans ,Horizontal and vertical ,Range (biology) ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Acoustic tracking ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,01 natural sciences ,Fishery ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,%22">Fish ,Marine protected area ,Philopatry ,Geology - Abstract
Little is known about the behavior and migration of deep-sea snappers, as observation of their deep-sea habitats is difficult. Manual acoustic tracking of deepwater longtail red snappers Etelis coruscans was conducted at the Ojika Se Bank, in the waters around the Satsunan Islands, Japan, to investigate their post-release horizontal and vertical behavior. Eight individuals were tagged with transmitters equipped with depth sensors for tracking. At least six of these eight fish survived after release. The fish gradually dispersed from the Ojika Se Bank, and only one-third remained there 33–34 days after release. The fish that remained at the Ojika Se Bank moved horizontally by 2.2 ± 2.0 km daily, but remained near the top of the bank. The fish were distributed in the 168.8- to 288.8-m depth range, and moved vertically by up to 50.0 m between consecutive days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the daily fine-scale horizontal and vertical movements of any species of deep-sea snapper.
- Published
- 2019
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47. Post‐release dispersal and breeding site suitability of reintroduced populations of the Crested Ibis in Shaanxi Province, China
- Author
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Xiaoping Yu, Min Li, Ya-Zu Zhang, Wen-Ai Zhao, Hu Zhang, Fang Wang, Xinping Ye, Yashuai Zhang, and Dan-Ni Liu
- Subjects
Post release ,Ibis ,Ecology ,biology ,Biological dispersal ,Site suitability ,China ,biology.organism_classification ,Nipponia nippon ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Species reintroduction ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2021
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48. Intrinsic factors, release conditions and presence of conspecifics affect post‐release dispersal after translocation of Iberian ibex
- Author
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A. Garnier, J. P. Crampe, Stéphane Aulagnier, J. Estèbe, Aurélien Besnard, G. Gonzalez, Unité de recherche Comportement et Ecologie de la Faune Sauvage (CEFS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Réserves Naturelles de France, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Parc National des Pyrenées, Parc Naturel Régional des Pyrénées Ariégeoises, and Pyrenees National Park
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Post release ,Ecology ,biology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Pyrenees ,conservation ,Zoology ,translocation ,Chromosomal translocation ,post-release dispersal ,15. Life on land ,Affect (psychology) ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Capra pyrenaica ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,movement ecology ,Biological dispersal ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,reintroduction ,Iberian ibex ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Abstract
International audience; Translocation is an important tool in restoring biodiversity, particularly when species have been extirpated from an area. In the period just after release, the main objective of conservation managers is to keep as many of the translocated individuals in the release area as possible, in order to maximize the number of founders of the new population. Environmental and intrinsic factors, release conditions and social behaviour are likely to influence an individual's propensity to move away from the release site (known as post-release dispersal); however, few studies have explored the relative importance of these factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate how these four factors affected the post-release dispersal of 169 Iberian ibex translocated from Spain to the French Pyrenees. We modelled the linear distance between the barycentre of each individual ibex's monthly locations and the release site. Our results indicated that most individuals stayed close to the release site, but that inter-individual variability was high. Post-release dispersal was higher for males than females, with male breeders exhibiting higher exploration behaviour than juveniles. Release season played a major role, with dispersal being the lowest in spring and the highest during the rutting period. Dispersal was also found to be lower when conspecifics were present in the release area, probably due to their role as a cue for favourable habitat. These findings can be used by conservation managers to inform translocation strategies in order to enhance success: for example by releasing females and young males in spring and splitting a reintroduction project into successive release operations.
- Published
- 2021
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49. Post-Release Source of Income and Convictions of Formerly Incarcerated Adults
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Gijs Weijters, Hilde Wermink, Suzan Verweij, and Arjan Blokland
- Subjects
Post release ,Longitudinal data ,050901 criminology ,05 social sciences ,Social benefits ,Sample (statistics) ,social sciences ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,mental disorders ,population characteristics ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0509 other social sciences ,Psychology ,human activities ,Law ,health care economics and organizations ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Demography - Abstract
This study examines the relationship between post-release source of income and convictions for different types of crime. Longitudinal data from a sample of formerly incarcerated adults ( n = 10,879) released from Dutch prisons were used. Fixed effects models show that, compared with receiving social benefits, post-release employment is associated with a lower probability of convictions for crime in general, and for property crime. Persons who are not employed and do not receive benefits have a higher likelihood of conviction for any crime, property crime, and violent crime compared with those receiving social benefits. The magnitude of this positive relationship is stronger for those living alone, for women, and for persons older than 25. Results have implications for crime control policies.
- Published
- 2021
50. Assessing the post-release effects of capture, handling and placement of satellite telemetry devices on narwhal (Monodon monoceros) movement behaviour
- Author
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Nigel E. Hussey, Marianne Marcoux, Cortney A. Watt, Courtney R Shuert, and Marie Auger-Méthé
- Subjects
Post release ,biology ,Physiology ,Satellite telemetry ,Ecological Modeling ,Generalized additive model ,handling response ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,biology.organism_classification ,behaviour ,Fishery ,Arctic ,Energy expenditure ,Swimming behaviour ,Telemetry ,cetacean ,accelerometry ,AcademicSubjects/SCI00840 ,Narwhal ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Research Article - Abstract
Narwhals, iconic Arctic cetaceans, were monitored after routine capture and tagging. Using accelerometry-derived behaviour, most individuals appeared to recover within hours post-release. Some evidence suggests that handling time, sex and the presence of bolt-on satellite tags may have had an effect on changes in behaviour, highlighting the sensitivity of this species., Animal-borne telemetry devices have become a popular and valuable means for studying the cryptic lives of cetaceans. Evaluating the effect of capture, handling and tagging procedures remains largely unassessed across species. Here, we examine the effect of capture, handling and tagging activities on an iconic Arctic cetacean, the narwhal (Monodon monoceros), which has previously been shown to exhibit an extreme response to extended capture and handling. Using accelerometry-derived metrics of behaviour, including activity level, energy expenditure and swimming activity, we quantify the post-release responses and time to recovery of 19 individuals following capture and tagging activities considering the intrinsic covariates of sex and individual size and the extrinsic covariates of handling time and presence of a ‘bolt-on’ satellite telemetry device. From accelerometer-derived behaviour, most narwhals appeared to return to mean baseline behaviour (recovery) within 24 hours after release, which was supported by longer-term measures of diving data. None of the covariates measured, however, had an effect on the time individuals took to recover following release. Using generalized additive models to describe changes in behaviour over time, we found handling time to be a significant predictor of activity levels, energy expenditure and swimming behaviour following release. Individuals held for the longest period (>40 min) were found to display the largest effect in behaviour immediately following release with respect to swimming behaviour and activity levels. We also found some support for relationships between activity levels, energy expenditure and swimming activity and two other covariates: sex and the attachment of a bolt-on configuration satellite tags. Our results indicate that narwhals recover relatively quickly following capture, handling and tagging procedures, but we suggest that researchers should minimize handling time and further investigation is needed on how to mitigate potential effects of bolt-on satellite tags in these sensitive species.
- Published
- 2021
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