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512 results on '"Portier, Christopher J"'

1. A call from 40 public health scientists for an end to the continuing humanitarian and environmental catastrophe in Gaza

Author

London, Leslie, Watterson, Andrew, Mergler, Donna, Albin, Maria, Andrade-Rivas, Federico, Ciaula, Agostino Di, Comba, Pietro, Giannasi, Fernanda, Habib, Rima R, Hay, Alastair, Hoppin, Jane, Infante, Peter, Jeebhay, Mohamed, Kelsey, Karl, Kim, Rokho, Lemen, Richard, Lipscomb, Hester, Lynge, Elsebeth, Magnani, Corrado, Monforton, Celeste, Nemery, Benoit, Ngowi, Vera, Nowak, Dennis, Nuwayhid, Iman, Oliver, Christine, Ozonoff, David, Paek, Domyung, Petrosyan, Varduhi, Portier, Christopher J, Ritz, Beate, Rosenstock, Linda, Ruff, Kathleen, Sly, Peter, Soffritti, Morando, Soskolne, Colin L., Suk, William, Terracini, Benedetto, Vainio, Harri Uolevi, Vineis, Paolo, and White, Roberta

Published
2024
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2. Insights from application of a hierarchical spatio-temporal model to an intensive urban black carbon monitoring dataset

Author

Wai, Travis Hee, Apte, Joshua S, Harris, Maria H, Kirchstetter, Thomas W, Portier, Christopher J, Preble, Chelsea V, Roy, Ananya, and Szpiro, Adam A

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate Change Science, Bioengineering, Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Black Carbon, Spatiotemporal Modeling, Exposure Assessment, Fine Scale Prediction, Statistics, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric sciences, Climate change science, Environmental engineering
Abstract

Existing regulatory pollutant monitoring networks rely on a small number of centrally located measurement sites that are purposefully sited away from major emission sources. While informative of general air quality trends regionally, these networks often do not fully capture the local variability of air pollution exposure within a community. Recent technological advancements have reduced the cost of sensors, allowing air quality monitoring campaigns with high spatial resolution. The 100×100 black carbon (BC) monitoring network deployed 100 low-cost BC sensors across the 15 km2 West Oakland, CA community for 100 days in the summer of 2017, producing a nearly continuous site-specific time series of BC concentrations which we aggregated to one-hour averages. Leveraging this dataset, we employed a hierarchical spatio-temporal model to accurately predict local spatio-temporal concentration patterns throughout West Oakland, at locations without monitors (average cross-validated hourly temporal R 2=0.60). Using our model, we identified spatially varying temporal pollution patterns associated with small-scale geographic features and proximity to local sources. In a sub-sampling analysis, we demonstrated that fine scale predictions of nearly comparable accuracy can be obtained with our modeling approach by using ~30% of the 100×100 BC network supplemented by a shorter-term high-density campaign.

Published
2022

3. Conducting evaluations of evidence that are transparent, timely and can lead to health-protective actions

Author

Chartres, Nicholas, Sass, Jennifer B, Gee, David, Bălan, Simona A, Birnbaum, Linda, Cogliano, Vincent James, Cooper, Courtney, Fedinick, Kristi Pullen, Harrison, Roy M, Kolossa-Gehring, Marike, Mandrioli, Daniele, Mitchell, Mark A, Norris, Susan L, Portier, Christopher J, Straif, Kurt, and Vermeire, Theo

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Generic health relevance, Humans, Uncertainty, Education, Medical Informatics, Internet, Conflicts of interest, Industry sponsorship, Environmental justice, Cumulative impacts, Non-chemical stressors, Precautionary principle, Risk of bias, Systematic review, Transparency, Public Health and Health Services, Toxicology, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundIn February 2021, over one hundred scientists and policy experts participated in a web-based Workshop to discuss the ways that divergent evaluations of evidence and scientific uncertainties are used to delay timely protection of human health and the environment from exposures to hazardous agents. The Workshop arose from a previous workshop organized by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in 2008 and which also drew on case studies from the EEA reports on 'Late Lessons from Early Warnings' (2001, 2013). These reports documented dozens of hazardous agents including many chemicals, for which risk reduction measures were delayed for decades after scientists and others had issued early and later warnings about the harm likely to be caused by those agents.ResultsWorkshop participants used recent case studies including Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Extremely Low Frequency - Electrical Magnetic Fields (ELF-EMF fields), glyphosate, and Bisphenol A (BPA) to explore myriad reasons for divergent outcomes of evaluations, which has led to delayed and inadequate protection of the public's health. Strategies to overcome these barriers must, therefore, at a minimum include approaches that 1) Make better use of existing data and information, 2) Ensure timeliness, 3) Increase transparency, consistency and minimize bias in evidence evaluations, and 4) Minimize the influence of financial conflicts of interest.ConclusionThe recommendations should enhance the production of "actionable evidence," that is, reliable evaluations of the scientific evidence to support timely actions to protect health and environments from exposures to hazardous agents. The recommendations are applicable to policy and regulatory settings at the local, state, federal and international levels.

Published
2022

5. Differences in the carcinogenic evaluation of glyphosate between the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)

Author

Portier, Christopher J, Armstrong, Bruce K, Baguley, Bruce C, Baur, Xaver, Belyaev, Igor, Bellé, Robert, Belpoggi, Fiorella, Biggeri, Annibale, Bosland, Maarten C, Bruzzi, Paolo, Budnik, Lygia Therese, Bugge, Merete D, Burns, Kathleen, Calaf, Gloria M, Carpenter, David O, Carpenter, Hillary M, López-Carrillo, Lizbeth, Clapp, Richard, Cocco, Pierluigi, Consonni, Dario, Comba, Pietro, Craft, Elena, Dalvie, Mohamed Aqiel, Davis, Devra, Demers, Paul A, De Roos, Anneclaire J, DeWitt, Jamie, Forastiere, Francesco, Freedman, Jonathan H, Fritschi, Lin, Gaus, Caroline, Gohlke, Julia M, Goldberg, Marcel, Greiser, Eberhard, Hansen, Johnni, Hardell, Lennart, Hauptmann, Michael, Huang, Wei, Huff, James, James, Margaret O, Jameson, CW, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Kopp-Schneider, Annette, Kromhout, Hans, Larramendy, Marcelo L, Landrigan, Philip J, Lash, Lawrence H, Leszczynski, Dariusz, Lynch, Charles F, Magnani, Corrado, Mandrioli, Daniele, Martin, Francis L, Merler, Enzo, Michelozzi, Paola, Miligi, Lucia, Miller, Anthony B, Mirabelli, Dario, Mirer, Franklin E, Naidoo, Saloshni, Perry, Melissa J, Petronio, Maria Grazia, Pirastu, Roberta, Portier, Ralph J, Ramos, Kenneth S, Robertson, Larry W, Rodriguez, Theresa, Röösli, Martin, Ross, Matt K, Roy, Deodutta, Rusyn, Ivan, Saldiva, Paulo, Sass, Jennifer, Savolainen, Kai, Scheepers, Paul TJ, Sergi, Consolato, Silbergeld, Ellen K, Smith, Martyn T, Stewart, Bernard W, Sutton, Patrice, Tateo, Fabio, Terracini, Benedetto, Thielmann, Heinz W, Thomas, David B, Vainio, Harri, Vena, John E, Vineis, Paolo, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weisenburger, Dennis D, Woodruff, Tracey J, Yorifuji, Takashi, Yu, Il Je, Zambon, Paola, Zeeb, Hajo, and Zhou, Shu-Feng

Subjects
Carcinogens, Consumer Product Safety, European Union, Food Safety, Glycine, Herbicides, Humans, International Agencies, Neoplasms, CANCER, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, Environmental epidemiology, PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY, TOXICOLOGY
Published
2016

7. Global Gene Expression Profiling of a Population Exposed to a Range of Benzene Levels

Author

McHale, Cliona M, Zhang, Luoping, Lan, Qing, Vermeulen, Roel, Li, Guilan, Hubbard, Alan E, Porter, Kristin E, Thomas, Reuben, Portier, Christopher J, Shen, Min, Rappaport, Stephen M, Yin, Songnian, Smith, Martyn T, and Rothman, Nathaniel

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Pediatric Cancer, Lymphoma, Pediatric, Hematology, Genetics, Rare Diseases, Childhood Leukemia, Cancer, Lymphatic Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Benzene, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Leukemia, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Male, Occupational Exposure, Young Adult, benzene, biomarker, human, microarray, transcriptomics, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Environmental sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundBenzene, an established cause of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), may also cause one or more lymphoid malignancies in humans. Previously, we identified genes and pathways associated with exposure to high (> 10 ppm) levels of benzene through transcriptomic analyses of blood cells from a small number of occupationally exposed workers.ObjectivesThe goals of this study were to identify potential biomarkers of benzene exposure and/or early effects and to elucidate mechanisms relevant to risk of hematotoxicity, leukemia, and lymphoid malignancy in occupationally exposed individuals, many of whom were exposed to benzene levels < 1 ppm, the current U.S. occupational standard.MethodsWe analyzed global gene expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 125 workers exposed to benzene levels ranging from < 1 ppm to > 10 ppm. Study design and analysis with a mixed-effects model minimized potential confounding and experimental variability.ResultsWe observed highly significant widespread perturbation of gene expression at all exposure levels. The AML pathway was among the pathways most significantly associated with benzene exposure. Immune response pathways were associated with most exposure levels, potentially providing biological plausibility for an association between lymphoma and benzene exposure. We identified a 16-gene expression signature associated with all levels of benzene exposure.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that chronic benzene exposure, even at levels below the current U.S. occupational standard, perturbs many genes, biological processes, and pathways. These findings expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which benzene may induce hematotoxicity, leukemia, and lymphoma and reveal relevant potential biomarkers associated with a range of exposures.

Published
2011

46. Risk from Low-Dose Exposures

Author

Monro, A. M., Portier, Christopher J., Lucier, George W., Edler, Lutz, Zendzian, Robert P., Fox, Maurice, Meselson, Matthew, Strauss, Bernard S., von Borstel, R. C., and Ennemose, Oswald

Published
1994

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