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Diagnostic testing is fundamental to medicine. However, studies of diagnostic testing in respiratory medicine vary significantly in terms of their methodology, definitions, and reporting of results. This has led to often conflicting or ambiguous results. To address this issue, a group of 20 respiratory journal editors worked to develop reporting standards for studies of diagnostic testing based on a rigorous methodology to guide authors, peer reviewers, and researchers when conducting studies of diagnostic testing in respiratory medicine. Four key areas are covered, including defining the reference standard of truth, measures of dichotomous test performance when used for dichotomous outcomes, measures of multichotomous test performance for dichotomous outcomes, and what constitutes a useful definition of diagnostic yield. The importance of using contingency tables for reporting results is addressed with examples from the literature. A practical checklist is provided as well for reporting studies of diagnostic testing., Competing Interests: Disclosure: D.E.O.: Research grant Intuitive Surgical, UpToDate author; prior ABIM test writing committee pulmonary medicine. D.F.K.: consulting fees from NOAH Medical, Boston Scientific and I am an Associate Editor for UpToDate. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest or other disclosures., (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)