11 results on '"Porite"'
Search Results
2. Shaping coral traits: plasticity more than filtering
- Author
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Brambilla V., Barbosa M., Dehnert I., Madin J., Maggioni D., Peddie C., Dornelas M., Brambilla, V, Barbosa, M, Dehnert, I, Madin, J, Maggioni, D, Peddie, C, and Dornelas, M
- Subjects
Ecology ,Acropora ,Coral reef ,Niche construction ,Phenotypic plasticity ,Aquatic Science ,Geometric ecology ,Porite ,Environmental filtering ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
The structure of an ecosystem is usually determined by the shape of the organisms that build it, commonly known as ecosystem engineers. Understanding to what extent plasticity and environmental filtering determine variation in the physical structure of ecosystem engineers is necessary to predict how ecosystem structure may change. Here, we explored coral survival and the plasticity of morphological traits that are critical for habitat provision in coral reefs. We conducted a reciprocal clonal transplant experiment in which branching corals from the genera Porites and Acropora were moved to and from a deep and a shallow site within a lagoon in the Maldives. Survival and trait analyses revealed that transplant destination consistently induced the strongest changes, particularly among Acropora spp. The origin of the corals had only marginal effects on some of the traits. We also detected variation in the way individuals from the same species and site differentiate in their shape, showing that traits linked to habitat provision are phenotypically plastic. The results suggest that in the quite common lagoonal conditions studied here, coral phenotypic plasticity plays a stronger role than environmental filtering, in determining the zonation of coral morphologies, and consequently the habitats they provide for other organisms.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Shaping coral traits: plasticity more than filtering
- Author
-
Brambilla, V, Barbosa, M, Dehnert, I, Madin, J, Maggioni, D, Peddie, C, Dornelas, M, Brambilla V., Barbosa M., Dehnert I., Madin J., Maggioni D., Peddie C., Dornelas M., Brambilla, V, Barbosa, M, Dehnert, I, Madin, J, Maggioni, D, Peddie, C, Dornelas, M, Brambilla V., Barbosa M., Dehnert I., Madin J., Maggioni D., Peddie C., and Dornelas M.
- Abstract
The structure of an ecosystem is usually determined by the shape of the organisms that build it, commonly known as ecosystem engineers. Understanding to what extent plasticity and environmental filtering determine variation in the physical structure of ecosystem engineers is necessary to predict how ecosystem structure may change. Here, we explored coral survival and the plasticity of morphological traits that are critical for habitat provision in coral reefs. We conducted a reciprocal clonal transplant experiment in which branching corals from the genera Porites and Acropora were moved to and from a deep and a shallow site within a lagoon in the Maldives. Survival and trait analyses revealed that transplant destination consistently induced the strongest changes, particularly among Acropora spp. The origin of the corals had only marginal effects on some of the traits. We also detected variation in the way individuals from the same species and site differentiate in their shape, showing that traits linked to habitat provision are phenotypically plastic. The results suggest that in the quite common lagoonal conditions studied here, coral phenotypic plasticity plays a stronger role than environmental filtering, in determining the zonation of coral morphologies, and consequently the habitats they provide for other organisms.
- Published
- 2022
4. Crystal nucleation and growth of spherulites demonstrated by coral skeletons and phase-field simulations
- Author
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Giuseppe Falini, Nobumichi Tamura, Pupa U. P. A. Gilbert, Cayla A. Stifler, Jun A.Y. Zhang, Rajesh V. Chopdekar, Tali Mass, Chang-Yu Sun, Vanessa Schoeppler, László Gránásy, Stefano Goffredo, Tamás Pusztai, Tal Zaquin, Matthew A. Marcus, James C. Weaver, Sun C.-Y., Granasy L., Stifler C.A., Zaquin T., Chopdekar R.V., Tamura N., Weaver J.C., Zhang J.A.Y., Goffredo S., Falini G., Marcus M.A., Pusztai T., Schoeppler V., Mass T., and Gilbert P.U.P.A.
- Subjects
Spherulite ,Porites ,Balanophyllia ,Nucleation ,Acropora ,02 engineering and technology ,Biochemistry ,Crystal ,Madraci ,Stylophora ,Madracis ,Polymer ,Micromussa ,biology ,General Medicine ,Anthozoa ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Chemical physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Biotechnology ,Materials science ,Sprinkle ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Blastomussa ,Crystal growth ,engineering.material ,Article ,Calcification ,Calcium Carbonate ,Biomaterials ,Calcification, Physiologic ,Animals ,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller ,14. Life underwater ,Phyllangia ,Physiologic ,Favia ,Crystal nucleation ,Molecular Biology ,Skeleton ,Montipora ,Acicular ,Turbinaria ,Aragonite ,biology.organism_classification ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Semicrystalline ,engineering ,Oculina ,Coral ,Porite - Abstract
Spherulites are radial distributions of acicular crystals, common in biogenic, geologic, and synthetic systems, yet exactly how spherulitic crystals nucleate and grow is still poorly understood. To investigate these processes in more detail, we chose scleractinian corals as a model system, because they are well known to form their skeletons from aragonite (CaCO3) spherulites, and because a comparative study of crystal structures across coral species has not been performed previously. We observed that all 12 diverse coral species analyzed here exhibit plumose spherulites in their skeletons, with well-defined centers of calcification (CoCs), and crystalline fibers radiating from them. In 7 of the 12 species, we observed a skeletal structural motif not observed previously: randomly oriented, equant crystals, which we termed "sprinkles". In Acropora pharaonis, these sprinkles are localized at the CoCs, while in 6 other species, sprinkles are either layered at the growth front (GF) of the spherulites, or randomly distributed. At the nano- and micro-scale, coral skeletons fill space as much as single crystals of aragonite. Based on these observations, we tentatively propose a spherulite formation mechanism in which growth front nucleation (GFN) of randomly oriented sprinkles, competition for space, and coarsening produce spherulites, rather than the previously assumed slightly misoriented nucleations termed "non-crystallographic branching". Phase-field simulations support this mechanism, and, using a minimal set of thermodynamic parameters, are able to reproduce all of the microstructural variation observed experimentally in all of the investigated coral skeletons. Beyond coral skeletons, other spherulitic systems, from aspirin to semicrystalline polymers and chocolate, may also form according to the mechanism for spherulite formation proposed here. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of spherulite nucleation and growth has broad ranging applications in the fields of metallurgy, polymers, food science, and pharmaceutical production. Using the skeletons of reef-building corals as a model system for investigating these processes, we propose a new spherulite growth mechanism that can not only explain the micro-structural diversity observed in distantly related coral species, but may point to a universal growth mechanism in a wide range of biologically and technologically relevant spherulitic materials systems.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. 'Poridades, cosas encobiertas e ascondidas'. The occult and the secret in Alphonse the Wise’s 'Siete Partidas'
- Author
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Morín, Alejandro and Morín, Alejandro
- Abstract
Secret of the lawsuit, secrets of the king, secrets of God: a lexical tracing of the terms associated with the idea of secrecy (poridad, ascondido, etc.) in the Siete Partidas allows us to grasp the weight that this notion takes on in the Wise King’s legislation. The multiple ties in tension with the hidden and with the acts of speech, the modalities of administrative construction of the inaccessibility to the king, the progressive determination of the procedural norms, are some of the aspects involved in the particular type of operation implied in the constitution of secrecy in the late Middle Ages., Secreto del pleito, secretos del rey, secretos de Dios: un rastreo lexical de los términos asociados a la idea de secreto en Siete Partidas (poridad, ascondido, etc.) permite captar el peso que esta noción cobra en la legislación del Rey Sabio. Las múltiples relaciones en tensión con lo oculto y con los actos de habla, las modalidades de construcción administrativa de la inaccesibilidad al rey, la determinación progresiva de las normas procesales, son algunos de los aspectos involucrados en el particular tipo de operación que implica la constitución de secretos en la Baja Edad Media., Secret du procès, secrets du roi, secrets de Dieu: un traçage lexical des termes associés à l’idée de secret chez les Siete Partidas (poridad, ascondido, etc.) permet de saisir le poids que prend cette notion dans la législation du roi Sage. Les multiples relations en tension avec l’occultisme et les actes de langage, les modalités de construction administrative de l’inaccessibilité au roi, la détermination progressive des normes procédurales, sont quelques-uns des aspects impliqués dans le type particulier d’opération qu’implique la constitution de secrets à la fin du Moyen Âge. Mots clé : Alphonse le Sage, Siete Partidas, secret, caché, porité.
- Published
- 2020
6. Trace Metal Contents in the Porites Corals of Peninsular Malaysia.
- Author
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Lee, J. N. and Mohamed, C. A. R.
- Abstract
The concentration contents of Ca, Mg, Sr and Zn in Porites corals from Pulau Langkawi, Pulau Redang and Pulau Tioman were presented. The corals were cleaned and the growth rate examined visually. The growth rate of Porites in Malaysia waters was between 5 to 25 mm yr
-1 and each band was selected for determining the metal contents using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean values of Ca (42.1 %), Mg (1184 μg/g), Sr (6276 μg/g) and Zn (60.6 μg/g) were calculated from each annual skeleton band representing the yearly growth. Porites coral from Pulau Langkawi shows a high content of Zn (118 μg/g) representing the water surrounding the island was highly polluted and also shows the uptake of Sr and Ca in the coral skeleton was related to the content of Zn, where Sr and Ca contents decreases when the concentration of Zn was more than 50 μg/g. Terrestrial runoff from Sumatera and west coast of Peninsular Malaysia are presumed to be the cause of pollution in Malacca Straits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2009
7. Hydrolithon spp. (Rhodophyta, Corallinales) overgrow live corals (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) in Yemen
- Author
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Graziella Rodondi, Annalisa Caragnano, Francesca Benzoni, Daniela Basso, Benzoni, F, Basso, D, Caragnano, A, and Rodondi, G
- Subjects
epizoism ,Cnidaria ,Ecology ,biology ,Coral ,Scleractinia ,Coralline algae ,reef coral ,Hydrolithon ,Aquatic Science ,Stylophora pistillata ,Hydrolithon rupestre ,GEO/01 - PALEONTOLOGIA E PALEOECOLOGIA ,biology.organism_classification ,Stylophora ,Coral cover ,Botany ,BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,Porite ,Linear growth ,coralline algae ,competition ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,BIO/05 - ZOOLOGIA - Abstract
In Yemen, off the northwestern coast in the Gulf of Aden, the coralline algae Hydrolithon rupestre (Foslie) Penrose 1996 and H. murakoshii Iryu and Matsuda 1996 have been observed to overgrow and kill living Porites lutea Milne-Edwards and Haime, 1860. Similarly, Hydrolithon onkodes (Heydrich) Penrose and Woelkerling 1992 and H. rupestre were observed overgrowing Stylophora pistillata (Esper, 1797). Competitive interactions between P. lutea and H. murakoshii were monitored from 2006 to 2009 at two sites and showed an average linear growth of 8.3 (+/- 1.9 SD) mm year(-1) over the coral. The small polyps of S. pistillata and P. lutea combined with putative chemical compounds produced by Hydrolithon spp. are likely to allow the coralline overgrowth. Although corallines can locally kill coral tissues, the CCA/coral interactions do not seem to affect the overall live coral cover at the study sites.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Hydrolithon spp. (Rhodophyta, Corallinales) overgrow live corals (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) in Yemen
- Author
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Benzoni, F, Basso, D, Caragnano, A, Rodondi, G, Basso, DM, Benzoni, F, Basso, D, Caragnano, A, Rodondi, G, and Basso, DM
- Abstract
In Yemen, off the northwestern coast in the Gulf of Aden, the coralline algae Hydrolithon rupestre (Foslie) Penrose 1996 and H. murakoshii Iryu and Matsuda 1996 have been observed to overgrow and kill living Porites lutea Milne-Edwards and Haime, 1860. Similarly, Hydrolithononkodes (Heydrich) Penrose and Woelkerling 1992 and H. rupestre were observed overgrowing Stylophora pistillata (Esper, 1797). Competitive interactions between P. lutea and H. murakoshii were monitored from 2006 to 2009 at two sites and showed an average linear growth of 8. 3 (±1. 9 SD) mm year-1 over the coral. The small polyps of S. pistillata and P. lutea combined with putative chemical compounds produced by Hydrolithon spp. are likely to allow the coralline overgrowth. Although corallines can locally kill coral tissues, the CCA/coral interactions do not seem to affect the overall live coral cover at the study sites
- Published
- 2011
9. Pink spots on Porites: not always a coral disease
- Author
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Benzoni, F, Galli, P, Pichon, M, BENZONI, FRANCESCA, Benzoni, F, Galli, P, Pichon, M, and BENZONI, FRANCESCA
- Published
- 2010
10. Reconnaissance et mission de forage sur les porites du récif barrière de la grande terre de Nouvelle-Calédonie (novembre-décembre 1996)
- Author
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Join, Yvan, Cabioch, Guy, Bargibant, Georges, Calejon, Georges, Menou, Jean-Louis, and Tirard, Philippe
- Subjects
RECIF BARRIERE ,FORAGE ,GPS ,PORITE ,PROSPECTION AERIENNE ,CORAIL - Published
- 1997
11. Pink spots on Porites: not always a coral disease
- Author
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Michel Pichon, Paolo Galli, Francesca Benzoni, Benzoni, F, Galli, P, and Pichon, M
- Subjects
Oceanography ,biology ,Spots ,Coral ,Porites ,BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,Aquatic Science ,Anthozoa ,Porite ,biology.organism_classification ,Coral growth ,BIO/05 - ZOOLOGIA - Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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