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Why are certain labour markets more resilient to economic shocks? Why are some economies deeply affected by migration? Modern migration theory remains based on simplistic neo-classical utility maximizing assumptions, despite a failure to fully answer real-world migration questions. The aim of this paper is to show that neo-classical dynamics are differentiated between subpopulations that make up the workforce. Using disaggregated data from Germany and a dynamic spatial vector autoregressive model that allows for spillovers, the paper teases out several aspects of regional labour market resilience. Results highlight that regions stand to benefit from supporting place-specific policies tailored to local circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the construction and usage of rail transit proliferates in cities across the world, concerns abound about impacts on surrounding neighborhoods – including gentrification and displacement. Los Angeles County has seen a massive rail transit buildout—from zero to 93 stations along six lines—in 25 years. This boom has led to a prevailing perception that Los Angeles’ rail transit development causes an influx of high-income residents and an outflow of low-income residents near rail stations.This policy brief summarizes research that tests this perception by answering the following questions related to rail transit and household moves: Do rail transit stations affect residential move rates in surrounding neighborhoods? And, if so, then are lower income or long-term residents disproportionally displaced from the neighborhood?View the NCST Project Webpage

Population movements are key elements shaping today's complex and interconnected societies. Movement of people underpins the circulation of capital, knowledge, ideas, culture, values and resources with systemic benefits but it also produces diverse risk implications. The varied and complex implications of human mobility (and immobility) are still poorly understood by existing systemic risk approaches. This literature review approaches human mobility from a more comprehensive and complex standpoint to understand how it fits within a wider framework of systemic risk.In this article, we explore the complementary ways in which movements matter for systemic risk considerations, namely as: 1) a dynamic force that shapes exposure, vulnerability and resilience to disasters across places and scales; 2) a feature and consequence of disasters that has the potential to amplify, extend and prolong the impacts of hazards, and 3) a lifeline for people and societies worldwide, whose disruption has significant implications on systemic risk globally.These considerations have important theoretical consequences for the integration of population movements in systemic risk frameworks, and they propose practical lessons learned for the disaster risk reduction arena. We conclude that human mobility should not be understood as a negative impact that must be prevented and mitigated but as a positive phenomenon which enablement and protection a will lead to positive resilience outcomes and the reduction of risks.

Rail transit’s association with gentrification has been a presence in the public discourse for some time and Los Angeles is no different. There is a prevailing public perception that Los Angeles' recent boom in rail transit development causes an influx of high income residents and an outflow of low income residents near rail stations. The authors' research asks whether the presence of rail transit increases the outflow lower-income neighborhood residents. The authors use a unique dataset of tax filers in Los Angeles County to address this question. This database tracks the income and location of households across 21 years at a fine spatial scale. This analysis aggregates household data to provide station-area population out mobility rates for 35 rail station neighborhoods and 35 paired control neighborhoods along two Los Angeles Metro transit lines. Their sample consists of 15 stations along the Red/Purple subway line and 20 station along the Gold light rail line that opened between 1993 and 2013. The authors measure effects on four income brackets: below 30% of Area Median Income (AMI) ($40,000 in 2013).View the NCST Project Webpage

This study analyzes circumstances tied to the implementation of the Dayton Agreement's provision for the reunification of Sarajevo. Three months after the signing, Sarajevo was again a united city territorially, but pre-war inhabitants of Sarajevo who identified themselves as Serbs were almost entirely absent from the reunited town under the control of the Federation government. This article addresses the causes of the flight of the Serbs, who had been living in Sarajevo's suburbs before the start of the Bosnian war and stayed, in their view, to defend their homes. I argue that the incentives that led a majority of Sarajevan Serbs to leave the city and its surroundings were the result of actions not only of the Serb leadership but also of Bosniak leaders and the international community. Our analysis is complementary to the scholarship examining the impact of massive population migrations and displacement in the aftermath of conflicts. I analyze the dynamics of Sarajevo's unification within the Federation and its consequences, demonstrating that once a partition is accepted at a higher level, it is almost impossible to prevent its emergence on a local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The specific character of the Iron Gates Mesolithic material culture derives from the geomorphological and ecological features of the Iron Gates gorge in the Early Holocene. However, the Mesolithic of this geographic area can be entirely linked to the general flows of Mesolithic development in Europe as well as to the phenomena observed in the Adriatic-Ionian and Aegean zones. This demonstrates that the cultural, technological and economic changes which occurred during the Early Holocene were influenced by the same or similar factors as the entire area of the Balkan Peninsula. The absence of Mesolithic settlements outside the Iron Gates raises the question of whether the interior parts of the Central Balkans were inhabited during the Early Holocene. As hinted by the research in the Iron Gates and the Adriatic hinterland, Mesolithic settlements were probably located outside the denser forested areas (in the littoral and high-altitude zones) but this remains to be confirmed. Based on the assessment of the demographic potential of Mesolithic and Neolithic communities, four scenarios of Neolithisation of different parts of the Balkan Peninsula have been proposed.

During the COVID-19 crisis, the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE) used aggregated and anonymous counting indicators based on network signaling data of three of the four mobile network operators (MNOs) in France to measure the distribution of population over the territory during and after the lockdown and to enrich the toolbox of high-frequency economic indicators used to follow the economic situation. INSEE’s strategy was to combine information coming from different MNOs together with the national population estimates it usually produces in order to get more reliable statistics and to measure uncertainty. This paper relates and situates this initiative within the long-term methodological collaborations between INSEE and different MNOs, and INSEE, Eurostat, and some other European national statistical institutes (NSIs). These collaborations aim at constructing experimental official statistics on the population present in a given place and at a given time, from mobile phone data (MPD). The COVID-19 initiative has confirmed that more methodological investments are needed to increase relevance of and trust in these data. We suggest this methodological work should be done in close collaboration between NSIs, MNOs, and research, to construct the most reliable statistical processes. This work requires exploiting raw data, so the research and statistical exemptions present in the general data protection regulation (GDPR) should be introduced as well in the new e-privacy regulation. We also raise the challenges of articulating commercial and public interest rationales and articulating transparency and commercial secrets requirements. Finally, it elaborates on the role NSIs can play in the MPD valorization ecosystem.

Introduction: The study of population movements in historical centers is a novel issue as well as a challenge for the Public Administration, in order to mitigate the displacements of the local indigenous population as well as the changes in residential character of the buildings. Objective: Address the duty of the Public Administration in the historic centers so that these are living sites from the perspective of the permanence of its native population and the residential nature of the homes. Methods: Research conducted at the University College of San Gerónimo de La Habana, Bibliographic Review and Documents of UNESCO and the 10th International Meeting of Management of Heritage Cities was analyzed. Results: The population residing in the Historic Center tends to decrease due to real estate movements and the change in land use. The Public Administration in the Municipalities in which there are historical centers or heritage cities is called to face the challenges demanded by these processes in order to mitigate their negative impacts. Conclusions: Necesidad de intervención la administración pública a nivel local para disminuir y evitar procesos de gentrificación y tugurización en los espacios patrimoniales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Documenta Praehistorica is the property of Documenta Praehistorica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The escalation of population movements – migratory flows, tourism, business or training travels etc. – is affecting the human experience in the global culture. The main implications and impact of this transformation underway can be traced through five macro-areas of concern: the different forms of the journey, the relationship between photography and travel, the interpretation of migration flows, the liquid passage between photography and migratory phenomenon and, lastly, the increasing movie tourism. In what we may define a metamorphic era, the notions of “border”, “stranger”, “identity” are being called into question by a complex interrelation system among these areas.

The article analyses the transformation of Swiss migration statistics through digital data processing in the 1970s and 1980s. It focuses on the emergence of two different modes of migration statistics management within the Swiss federal administration. First, in the early 1970s, the Swiss Federal Aliens Police implemented an electronic database with comprehensive statistics on foreigners, the so-called Central Aliens Register. It was devised as a data-driven instrument for regulating labour supply within the scope of the Western European guest worker regime. Then, in the mid-1980s, the Swiss Federal Statistical Office introduced periodical population scenario analysis. The modelling of future demographic scenarios, based on existing data, shifted the perspective towards a new global migration framework. It is shown how this computerisation of statistical data infrastructures in the 1970s/1980s enabled the combination of different regulatory regimes for population movements within the federal administration (labour/asylum), thus, contributing to the formation of a Swiss migration regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, hundreds of millions of people move out of the large cities before the Chinese Spring Festival (CSF) or Chinese New Year holiday and return after every year, spurring the greatest short-term migration of human beings on earth. Surface relative humidity is a key meteorological variable that has profound impacts on the lives of city dwellers. However, it remains unknown to what extent or how mass human migration during the CSF holiday can affect urban relative humidity. Here, we focus on the period of 2005–2014 with the Olympic year of 2008 excluded, and present observational evidence for the impacts of human migration on urban relative humidity with Beijing used as an example. Note that urban relative humidity variations induced by population movements are relative to nearby non-urban values in this study. Averaged over the study period, Beijing's urban relative humidity increased by 4.00% during the CSF week relative to the non-holiday background period, statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. In relative terms, this change amounts to 76% of relative humidity difference between urban and nearby non-urban areas during the background period. This significant increase of urban relative humidity during the CSF week is also apparent in central China's Zhengzhou, supporting the robustness of the signal. These findings offer vital yet previously unknown evidence for population movement impacts on urban relative humidity from the observations, and can add value to our understanding of the human-cities nexus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the massive displacement and refugeedom triggered by the disastrous outcome of the military operations of the 1916 Romanian war campaign. The military defeat itself and implicitly the loss of Romanian territory to enemy forces, associated with fear, provided the initial basis for the displacement of authorities and civilians. The refugeedom exhibited sharp discrepancies among the refugees, both in terms of ways of evacuation (as the politicians, high ranking officials and influential individuals evacuated themselves by using special trains and private cars, while the boyscouts, the peasants and other ordinary people travelled on horse-driven carriages or even on foot), as well as in terms of future residence and daily life of the refugees in Moldavia. The exile in Moldavia generated overpopulation, lack of food and financial resources, and the overall situation was aggravated by the extreme weather conditions and last, but not least, by the widespread typhus, which generated a huge loss of human lives. Due to the tremendous size and intensity of refugeedom, there was a massive impact (particularly from the demographic perspective) of the large number of refugees on the social and economic life in the host communities. Despite significant efforts made by the Romanian administration, the scale of Romanian (state) involvement in the matter of sheltering and supporting the refugees was limited by the financial and logistical constraints faced by Romania at that time. Also, in connection to the prospects of the war confrontations, the refugees (high ranking officials and ordinary people) had to face the prospects of another refuge, into various external destinations, but particularly in Russia (Odessa and Kherson). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The district of Toplica is located in the southern part of Serbia, and includes historical and geographic area known as Toplica, which is located in the basins of the rivers Toplica and Kosanica. Tpolica space is limited to mountain ranges: Jastrebac from the north, Pozari and Kopaonik in the west, Djake, Arbanaska mountain, Vidojevica and Pasjaca, from the south and east is widely open to the South Morava valley. This administrative and administrative district covers four municipalities: Prokuplje, Kursumlija, Blace and Zitoradja In Prokuplje - the town is the county seat. District consists of 267 villages, of which four towns (municipal seats) and 263 villages. Most of the villages of the municipalities has Prokuplje (107), Kursumlija (90), Blace 40 and Zitoradja 30 settlements. The territorial development of the villages and municipalities, as well as the movement of population, households and population density in the county and municipalities affected natural, historical, cultural, economic and political factors, as well as geo-traffic position.

The relationships between Chupicuaro and the Central Highlands of Mexico during Late Formative Period. A reappraisal of the archaeological interpretations. Since more than fifty years, the stylistic analogies observed between the Chupicuaro and Central Highlands cultures, and the supposed influent role of Chupicuaro, appeared as the paradigm which has structured most of the models which reconstitute the Late Formative cultural processes in both regions. To explain the similarities, these models generally refer to population movements, influences of varied nature, and/or comercial relationships. A methodic reappraisal of the scientific background reveals that in several cases, the nature of the archaeological record is not able to support rigorously the proposed perspectives. After revisiting briefly the archaeological history of Chupicuaro, this article will reconstruct the conditions under which the diverses interpretations have been elaborated and how they evolutionated. This reappraisal permits to moderate the dominant position which is articulated around the idea of influence, and reveals all the complexity and width scales of relationships and interactions.

This article presents the paleographic transcription, analysis and preliminary study of the 1654 indigenous census of Casabindo and Cochinoca reduction towns. Their inhabitants settled in the southwestern part of the Andean Puna, where cattle raising and mining were predominant, while agriculture was poorly developed. The area, which is now part of the province of Jujuy in the extreme northwest of Argentina, belonged to the Gobernación del Tucumán in 1654. This document is the earliest known census of these reduction towns, and it is unusual in that it includes the indigenous names (not only men but also women and children). In this preliminary study we present a detailed summary of the history of those people, highlighting their remarkable degree of integration with other inhabitants of the region, their long resistance to Spanish rule, and the continuity of their indigenous authorities. A quantitative synthesis of the registered tax units allows us to reconstruct the population movements and its main trends.

Background: Policy makers and health practitioners are in need of guidance to respond to the growing geographic mobility of Hispano-American migrants in Europe. Drawing from contributions from epidemiology, social sciences, demography, psychology, psychiatry and economy, this scoping review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of studies addressing the health status and determinants of this population. We describe major research gaps and suggest specific avenues of further inquiry. Methods: We identified systematically papers that addressed the concepts "health" and "Hispano Americans" indexed in five data bases from Jan 1990 to May 2014 with no language restrictions. We screened the 4,464 citations retrieved against exclusion criteria and classified 193 selected references in 12 thematic folders with the aid of the reference management software ENDNOTE X6. After reviewing the full text of all papers we extracted relevant data systematically into a table template to facilitate the synthesising process. Results: Most studies focused on a particular disease, leaving unexplored the interlinkages between different health conditions and how these relate to legislative, health services, environmental, occupational, and other health determinants. We elucidated some consistent results but there were many heterogeneous findings and several popular beliefs were not fully supported by empirical evidence. Few studies adopted a trans-national perspective and many consisted of cross-sectional descriptions that considered "Hispano-Americans" as a homogeneous category, limiting our analysis. Our results are also constrained by the availability and varying quality of studies reviewed. Conclusions: Burgeoning research has produced some consistent findings but there are huge gaps in knowledge. To prevent unhelpful generalisations we need a more holistic and nuanced understanding of how mobility, ethnicity, income, gender, legislative status, employment status, working conditions, neighbourhood characteristics and social status intersect with demographic variables and policy contexts to influence the health of the diverse Hispano-American populations present in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sociology / Sosyoloji Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Universitesi Edebiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article scrutinises the ramifications of population movements between India and Pakistan in and after 1947 in one particular border district in West Bengal. Information from census reports of pre-independent and independent India and Pakistan allows detailed examination of micro-level cross-border migrations, showing how the relocation of populations completely recast the religious and demographic contours of this border district. Within just four years, the Muslim-majority district of Nadia turned into an overwhelmingly Hindu-majority district through this two-way population movement. Contrary to popular perceptions, which stress the unidirectional pattern of migration on the eastern side of India, this article brings to the fore a hitherto unknown facet of partition migration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The demographic history of Hungary is full with question marks, mainly due to the lack of reliable sources until the end of the 18th century. Especially, the number of the population throughout the Ottoman period (1521-1718) constituted a 'black hole' for a long period of time and related issues were characterized by a great number of unfounded clichés and prejudices. Identifying the best Turkish and Habsburg archival documents containing more or less detailed data on tax-payers or houses and using estimations for Transylvania where such material is missing, one can establish the total number of the population of the country at the end of the 16th century with considerable accuracy, give details about the ratios of town and village people, characterize the average number of inhabitants in rural settlements and as a whole on one km², the proportion of depopulated villages, the ethnic composition of certain areas and occasionally even follow migration patterns between the 1540s and 1590. Unfortunately, almost no usable registers were prepared during the 17th century; therefore this time span will always remain a terra incognita, only estimations can be ventured regarding the number of inhabitants around 1700. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An extractive industries boom in Africa is driving unprecedented expansion of infrastructure into sparsely populated regions. Much of the investment is in high-volume minerals such as iron and coal that will require heavy infrastructure and large settled workforces. New roads and railways are being built to support these industries. Mineral infrastructure is reinforcing the dynamic of designated “growth corridors”, which are increasingly determining settlement patterns and rural land use in Africa. These corridors are penetrating into areas where agriculture has been constrained by lack of access to markets. They could unleash a major expansion of arable crops in the Guinea and Miombo savannahs, tropical tree crops in Congo Basin rainforests and irrigated agriculture on the floodplains of several African river systems. Rapidly growing African cities are largely dependent on imported food but growth corridors linking them to hinterland areas could favour shifts to African-sourced foods. Governance weaknesses may allow outside investors to make land grabs along growth corridors and further marginalise poor smallholders. New pressures on environmentally sensitive areas may emerge. Policy changes are needed to avoid negative impacts of this major new development trend and to exploit the potential for poverty alleviation and food-security benefits. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Labor flow and trawlers arc important factors contributing to the spread of Dengue virus infection and chikungunya fever. Bali Province of Indonesia, a popular resort and tourist destination, has these factors and suffers from mosquito-borne infectious diseases. Using area study approach, a series of fiddwork was conducted in Bali to obtain up-to-date primary disease data, to learn more about public health measures, and to interview health officers, hotel personnel, and other resource persons. The national data including information on two other provinces were obtained for comparison. The health ministry reported 5,810 and 11,697 cases of dengue hemorrhage lever in Bali in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Moreover, two densely populated tourist areas and one district have shown a particularly high incidence and sharp increases in 2010. Cases of chikungunya fever reported in Bali more than doubled in 2010 from Sic previous year. Our findings suggest that Bali can benefit from a significant reduction in vector populations and dissemination of disease preventive knowledge among both local residents and foreign visitors. This wiD require a concerted and trans-border approach, which may prove difficult in the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study evaluates the dental and artificial cranial morphology of Classic period Lowland Mayas to reconstruct their populational dynamics, biological and cultural affinities. The remains come from several sites located in the Mexican and Guatemaltecan Peten area. the data were elaborated within their regional contexts and compared with information derived from coeval settlements from Chiapas, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo. the dental data were analyzed statistically using cluster and Maximum Likelihood analyses, while the cranial information was processed comparing proportions of presence and type of vault modification. The results evidence populational and cultural continuity in Peten's north-south axis during the Classic period and to a much minor degree also towards occupations west of the Usumacinta river. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papers: Revista de Sociologia is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This review provides an overview of the complex ways in which population movements are linked to spread and control of neglected tropical diseases - often exacerbated by insufficient medical services and sanitary infrastructure. A new typology of population movements is suggested which builds on previous work but offers a more comprehensive typology based on the variables of 'onset', 'cause', 'direction' and 'motivation'. Schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis provide examples of the intricate ways in which population movements may play a role. A thorough and context-specific understanding of these patterns combined with the ability and will to launch targeted public health interventions is needed to achieve adequate control of neglected tropical diseases as well as other infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papers: Revista de Sociologia is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To review the geography and history of sleeping sickness (Human African trypanosomiasis; HAT) over the past 100 years in West Africa, to identify priority areas for sleeping sickness surveillance and areas where HAT no longer seems active. Method History and geography of HAT were summarized based on a review of old reports and recent publications and on recent results obtained from medical surveys conducted in West Africa up to 2006. Results/conclusions Active HAT foci seem to have moved from the North to the South. Endemic HAT presently appears to be limited to areas where annual rainfall exceeds 1200 mm, although the reasons for this remain unknown. There has also been a shift towards the south of the isohyets and of the northern distribution limit of tsetse. Currently, the most severely affected countries are Guinea and Ivory Coast, whereas the northern countries seem less affected. However, many parts of West Africa still lack information on HAT and remain to be investigated. Of particular interest are the consequences of the recent political crisis in Ivory Coast and the resulting massive population movements, given the possible consequences on HAT in neighbouring countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2005, a hurricane named Katrina hit the states of Louisiana and Mississippi in the US, destroying properties and flooding areas. Many people left the region and still have not returned. While some of these people may eventually return, some may not, becoming “migrants.” Assuming this phenomenon will occur, is it unique? What is the role of the environment in migration? Can there be violent conflict between such migrants and residents in areas absorbing migrants? We evaluate these questions in the cases of Hurricane Katrina, the US Dust Bowl in the 1930s, and Bangladesh since the 1950s, demonstrating that environmental change can trigger large out-migration, which can cause violent conflict in areas receiving migrants. These findings have important policy implications. Climate change is expected to degrade the environment considerably in this century. Minimizing climate change-induced migration and violent conflict in receiving areas requires an engineered economic slowdown in the developed countries, and population stabilization and economic growth in the developing countries financed by the developed countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a national study, we investigated the incidence of childhood leukaemia (CL) over a 14-year period in France in relation to several measures based on the proportion of individuals who changed address between the last two national censuses. A positive association was found with the proportion of migrants who came from a distant place. The further the migrants came, the higher was the incidence of leukaemia, particularly among children aged 0–4 years in ‘isolated’ communes at the time of diagnosis (RR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.1,1.8 in the highest category of migration distance). Although the role of the population density was less obvious, a more marked association was found above a certain threshold. No association with the proportion of commuters was observed.British Journal of Cancer (2008) 98, 225–231. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604141 www.bjcancer.com Published online 18 December 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Major changes in the technological, economic, and social behavior of Middle Pleistocene hominins occurred at the onset of the Middle Paleolithic, 400-200 ka. However, until recently it was not possible to establish when, where, and how certain forms of Middle Paleolithic behavior appeared and spread into Southeastern Europe, mainly owing to gaps in the Paleolithic record. Here we report new results of dating, material culture, and the archaeological context of finds from the Balanica Cave Complex in Sićevo (Serbia). Two methods-thermoluminescence and electron spin resonance-were used to date the sequence. The geoarchaeological context was examined through sedimentology, micromorphology, and spatial analysis. Microfaunal remains were used to constrain the dates within an ecological zone, whereas macrofauna was analyzed for taxonomy and taphonomy to examine the source of accumulation and hominin behavior. Technological and typological features of the lithic assemblage were used to characterize lithic production at the site. Materials recovered from Layer 3 in Velika Balanica and from Layer 2 in Mala Balanica, both dated to MIS 9-7, include a distinctive set of archaeological assemblages which resemble contemporaneous Yabrudian assemblages from the Levant in important ways, and which are unlike contemporary material from the surrounding regions. In Velika Balanica, the lithic assemblages are associated with a large fireplace containing evidence of human activities similar to those from Qesem Cave (Israel). Dental remains uncovered in the same layer are consistent with Neanderthals. These findings suggest that the end of the Middle Pleistocene (before 300-240 ka) saw population movement and/or cultural transmission between Southwest Asia and the Balkans, which led eventually to a transfer of technology between Middle Eastern and European hominin populations and contributed to the shaping of Neanderthal behaviors throughout the eastern and northern Mediterranean., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)