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Dental adhesives play a crucial role in modern dentistry by enabling the bonding of diverse restorative materials to tooth surfaces. These systems have evolved through seven generations, each characterized by unique chemical compositions and application techniques. The advancements in dental adhesives have significantly impacted restorative dentistry by preserving tooth structure, enhancing aesthetics, and ultimately improving patient outcomes and treatment options. The choice of adhesive system depends on various factors, including the clinical scenario, material compatibility, and dentist preference. Ongoing advancements in adhesive technology continue to enhance treatment outcomes and streamline procedures for dental practitioners. The development of universal adhesives capable of functioning in both etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes has further simplified clinical protocols. This study is an observational cross-sectional study conducted among Romanian dentists. A questionnaire was distributed via email to Romanian dentists, encompassing seven questions that explored the predominant use of etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesive systems, preferred adhesive types, and commonly encountered challenges in direct restorations. Statistical analyses were conducted using DATAtab version (2024). The study highlighted the varying preferences among Romanian dentists in selecting suitable adhesive agents. Etch-and-rinse (ER) techniques predominated in direct restorations, with universal adhesives being the most frequently used. Further investigation is warranted to delve into the preferences of Romanian dentists regarding the utilization of self-etch (SE), etch-and-rinse (ER), and universal adhesives (UAs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of our study was to evaluate the changes in cardiovascular parameters in patients with hypertension who completed a 3-month physical exercise program. 229 subjects with high normal values of blood pressure and stage 1 hypertension (group 1) and 120 patients with stage 2 hypertension (group 2) followed a 3-month physical exercise program. The following parameters were measured: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, heart rate, pulse wave velocity. For group 1 there were statistically significant differences for all the tested parameters after the 3-month program (decreased systolic blood pressure, heart rate, pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity, p< 0.0001; lower diastolic blood pressure, p=0.018)). In group 2 all the tested parameters had decreased values after the 3-month rehabilitation program. However, only for the pulse wave velocity there was recorded a statistically significant reduction after the exercise program (p< 0.001). There were significant direct correlations between total cholesterol and pulse wave velocity for group 1 at both initial (p=0.024) and final assessments (p=0.03), and for group 2 patients at the 3-month assessment (p=0.001). A medium-term physical exercise program improved the cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, arterial stiffness) in hypertensive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of the study Eugenol, a phenolic compound commonly found in plants like clove and bay leaves, has garnered significant attention in the field of dentistry due to its diverse pharmacological properties. In dentistry, eugenol is frequently employed in various forms, such as in polymerized cement with zinc oxide for restorative purposes. Its applications extend to endodontic cements like zinc oxide-eugenol formulations, which are commonly used in dental procedures. So far, according to our knowledge, no study in the literature has approached formulations based on iron oxide nanoparticles and eugenol, this study being the first. Materials and methods In the present study, it was developed for the first time a formulation based on iron oxide nanoparticles obtained through the combustion method, embedded on its surface with eugenol. The prepared formulation was characterized through electron microscopy investigations, followed by further in vitro evaluation as concerned with their biosafety use on a healthy murine epidermal cell line. Results The results obtained showed that the naked iron oxide nanoparticles are biocompatible and safe to use on the healthy murine epidermal cell line, while the eugenol compound exhibits a dose-dependent cytotoxicity reaching until a value of ~17% at the highest tested dose (100 μg/mL). In addition, the cytotoxicity of eugenol decreased when this was embedded on the iron oxide nanoparticles surface, recording a value of 11% at the highest concentration tested. Conclusions In conclusion, the in vitro studies on such type of formulation in dentistry and dental medicine highlight their multifaceted applications of iron oxide nanoparticles as well as eugenol, emphasizing their potential for advancing dental treatments and diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the properties of materials for direct coronal restorations, water absorption is particularly important, influencing the mechanical properties, color and adhesion of the restorations made. The aim of this study was to compare the water absorption of six dental restorative materials, two composite, two compomers and two glass ionomers. Water absorption was determined on disk samples. 30 discs were prepared, 5 of each studied material, with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The water absorption test was carried out based on the ISO 4049 specification. The composites and compomers showed a water absorption within the standard limits (40 μg/mm3). Glass ionomers show high water absorption, therefore to be used as coronal restorative materials they need to be coated with a protective varnish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mast cell (MC) active mediators promote inflammation through changes induced in the connective tissue components of human gingiva. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution, mast cell density and their relationship with the degree of inflammatory infiltrate in gingiva from patients with periodontal disease. Thirty-nine cases with periodontal disease and 12 cases without significant changes to the gingival mucosa were investigated. MCs were identified on paraffin-embedded specimens by immunohistochemistry using anti-mast cell tryptase. The inflammatory infiltrate was scored from 0 to 3, and the MCs were counted using the hotspot method. Intraepithelial MCs were scored from 0 to 2. We found a significant increase of mast cell density in cases with mild and moderate inflammatory changes, and a slight decrease in patients with severe periodontal disease. We noticed a higher degranulation rate in patients with periodontal disease compared to those with healthy mucosa. Intraepithelial MCs were found in cases with periodontal disease only and were correlated with the severity of the inflammatory lesion. MCs are important cellular components of the early stages of periodontal disease. Contrary to other studies, we found that MC density and activation increases with moderate inflammation but decreases in severe inflammatory lesions. Our data suggest that MCs are key players in the progression of inflammatory lesions of the gingiva. In advanced-stage periodontal disease, intraepithelial MCs apparently play an important role, although their biological significance remains to be fully understood.

Anethum graveolens L. (dill) is a popular aromatic herb frequently used as a spice but also for its healing properties which are associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral actions exerted by the synergistic action of classes of bioactive compounds present in the composition. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial action and cytotoxic potential of a crude aqueous extract of dill seeds. The antibacterial potential determined by the disc diffusion method was observed against E coli. Regarding the cytotoxic activity, evaluated by the MTT method, a reduction of the number of living cells was observed when using the highest concentrations on the SCC- 4 tumor line, while at the same healthy line concentrations, PGK was not affected. In-depth studies related to the pharmacological activity of the extract must be carried out in order to be able to decipher the mechanisms of antibacterial or antitumor action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation of oral health represents a systematic approach of using all resources to improve the health status of the population in the most efficient way and to reduce inequalities. Providing a good health status for each individual, family and community, has determined WHO to launch a concept entitled „Health 21 -Health for all in the 21st century" which also includes oral health. A rural area community living in the Timis County represents the target group studied in this project. Research mainly focused on accessibility, addressability and motivation of the subjects regarding dental medicine services in the rural and urban area. Accessibility of dentists in the rural area is very low. The above statements reflect the interrelationship between oral diseases and the ensemble of economical, social and cultural processes, supporting the importance of dental medical care and justifying the social effort to organize them effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

60-90% of children globally have gingivitis and dental caries which are the most frequent oral diseases among children. Dental caries is progressive and cumulative in nature and becomes more complex over time. Is necessary to have guidelines for Oral Health Strategy's in Romania because in last twenty years oral health treatment is made in most of the time in the private healthy system and scholars dental offices almost disappeared. The study took place over a 2-year period. Enrolled students from three secondary schools from Timisoara who strictly applied our oral health education program with our four goals: to reduce the number of carries, to reduce the gingivitis incidents, to reduce mucosal problems and to reduce the orthopedic problems. 739 patients (378 girls and 361 boys) with a mean age of 13.46 (SD 2.81) years were evaluated before application of the oral health education lessons, which contained more forms of communication for the presence of caries, gingivitis, diseases of the oral mucosa, and malocclusion. All patients were reevaluated after application of the oral health education lessons. After two follow-up collected data, underlined a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of dental caries, gingivitis and oral mucosal diseases after implementation of our oral health program. Adolescents prefer the debates to be informed about oral health and of course the modern technology. Adolescents are open mind when we speak about personal information's, they prefers modern technology for information about health, but when they have oral cavity problems they have thrust more in dental doctors, school and family. They also are enthusiastic for group debates on a known theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature on dental health behavior is consistently developed and mainly based on data from adults. There are also researches realized on children’s dental health behavior, but they are less frequent and realized just in a little number of countries. Therefore our aim is to identify if introducing the tooth brush in primary school once a day influence the oral hygiene. In order to achieve our purpose we designed our research using quantitative approach, conducting specialized social survey before and after the 4 month intervention on three primary schools from Timisoara. The research sample was constructed from 6-11 years old children coming from different but not representative schools from Timisoara area. The sample was done by 783 selected children representing the entire population of children from the 3 schools, respecting age selection criterion and the informed consent agreed and signed by parents. Frequency of tooth brush was significantly changed in good (p=0.000, Person’s r value= 0.763) after the 4 month brushing tooth at school with the teacher, we noticed also a changing behavior about oral hygiene, 83.4% of the children brushing teeth at least two times a day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]