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This article presents a comparative clinical study of digital imaging, as a new technology, and"nconventional method for X - Ray absorption in lens and thyroid."nClinical examination was performed on 50 patients with an average of 28 years among the cases who were reffered to the department of rediology, Islamic Azad universiy of IRAN in 1999."nTwo pocket dosimeters were used to meausre the dose rate. One was placed on the skin of thyroid region and the other on the eyes."nThe results revealed that the absorbed dose in RVG was significantly lower than conventional method (P

Background: Older adults with AML commonly receive a hypomethylating agent (HMA) as first-line therapy. The addition of venetoclax (VEN) to HMAs has been shown to improve remission rates and overall survival. The use of combination therapy (HMA + VEN) requires frequent follow-up, results in longer infusion times, and likely increases caregiver responsibility at home. We describe experiences of informal caregivers (family/friends) providing care to older adults with AML receiving HMA + VEN., Methods: Fourteen caregivers of older adults with AML receiving HMA + VEN (September 2020 to September 2021) were recruited as part of a control group of an ongoing NIH-funded clinical trial. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain initial insight into caregiver experiences at the start of HMA + VEN treatment. Two researchers analyzed the data using thematic content analysis. Data saturation occurred when no new themes were found in subsequent interviews, but all interviews were coded and synthesized., Results: Of the 14 caregivers interviewed, the majority were spouses (n = 10), female (n = 13), and aged 45 to 83 (median age 65). We identified five themes: (1) the impact of an AML diagnosis in older adulthood, (2) care recipient condition changes, (3) perspectives of caregiving roles and tasks, (4) factors influencing caregiving experiences, and (5) support system roles., Conclusions and Implications: Caregivers for older adults with AML report a range of experiences navigating health systems, caregiving responsibilities, and resource needs. The risk for caregiver burden and unmet needs should be addressed to improve caregivers' abilities to provide care., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Caregivers of older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are requiring more support now that novel, nonintensive therapies, such as hypomethylating agents and venetoclax, are shifting the burden of care to the outpatient setting. Early findings from a larger study describe supportive care needs from the perspective of bereaved caregivers that align with existing research, informing the development of best practices for oncology nurses who support caregivers of older adults with AML.

Background: Many forms of art accurately depict physical attributes of their subjects. But how precisely do portraits capture personal, emotional, and behavioral aspects of individuals holding leadership positions in academic departments of anesthesiology?, Methods: We examined formal portraits of the first three academic chairmen of anesthesiology in our department - Leroy D. Vandam, Benjamin G. Covino, and Simon Gelman and obtained information about the artists (George Augusta and Marc Klionsky) regarding how they conducted research on their subjects, and the methods they used to depict significant character traits into their art. We then correlated the artistic depiction with known biographical and behavioral qualities of these leaders., Results: We found that the artists were remarkably astute in their observations and that they successfully captured both physical and emotional aspects of these chairmen in their portraits. Moreover, in one instance, significant early life experiences were added to the composition with subtlety. Individuals familiar with these chairmen and aware of their management style can easily appreciate the techniques employed by the artists., Summary: We conclude that art successfully depicted personal and executive attributes of these three academic anesthesia chairmen., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: This study evaluated the potential for prepared chitosan-plasmid DNA (pDNA) nanoparticles to transfer an exogenous gene into human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)., Methods: Chitosan-pDNA nanoparticles were synthesized by the complex coacervation method. We used 18, 50 and 136 KD chitosan at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%, in addition to a pTracer-CMV2 plasmid that contained the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. To examine the complexation, samples were run through an agarose gel. The sizes and zeta potential of the nanoparticles were measured by a nanosizer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was used to observe the nanoparticle morphology. MSCs were prepared from human bone marrow and transfected with chitosan-pDNA nanoparticles. The cultures transfected by lipofectamine(2000) were taken as the control. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay and transfection efficiency by flow cytometry., Results: The smallest size of complexes was obtained with 18 KD chitosan (211 nm) and the highest zeta potential was observed with 136 KD chitosan (29.61 mV). The best transfection rate (18.43%) was achieved with the 0.1% concentration of 18 KD chitosan nanoparticles versus 40.57% for commercial lipofectamine (p < 0.01). The MTT assay indicated an average of 95.5% cell viability for 0.1% concentration of 18 KD chitosan compared with approximately 60% of Lipofectamine(2000)., Conclusion: Nanoparticles produced by 18 KD chitosan at the 0.1% concentration and pDNA may be a promising gene delivery system for human marrow-derived MSCs. Although transfection efficiency of such nanoparticles is lower than that of Lipofectamine(2000), however comparatively they possess less cytotoxic effects.

Since articular cartilage possesses only a weak capacity for repair, its regeneration potential is considered one of the most important challenges for orthopedic surgeons. The treatment options, such as marrow stimulation techniques, fail to induce a repair tissue with the same functional and mechanical properties of native hyaline cartilage. Osteochondral transplantation is considered an effective treatment option but is associated with some disadvantages, including donor-site morbidity, tissue supply limitation, unsuitable mechanical properties and thickness of the obtained tissue. Although autologous chondrocyte implantation results in reasonable repair, it requires a two-step surgical procedure. Moreover, chondrocytes expanded in culture gradually undergo dedifferentiation, so lose morphological features and specialized functions. In the search for alternative cells, scientists have found mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to be an appropriate cellular material for articular cartilage repair. These cells were originally isolated from bone marrow samples and further investigations have revealed the presence of the cells in many other tissues. Furthermore, chondrogenic differentiation is an inherent property of MSCs noticed at the time of the cell discovery. MSCs are known to exhibit homing potential to the damaged site at which they differentiate into the tissue cells or secrete a wide spectrum of bioactive factors with regenerative properties. Moreover, these cells possess a considerable immunomodulatory potential that make them the general donor for therapeutic applications. All of these topics will be discussed in this review.