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1. Is Greek Affiliation a Prescription for Drug Abuse? Examining Misuse of Prescription Stimulants and Downers in High School and College

Author

Witcraft, Sara M., Smith, C. Veronica, Pollard, M. Ann, and Dixon, Laura J.

Abstract

Objective: Compared to nonaffiliated students, Greek students engage in higher rates of prescription drug abuse (PDA). We examined PDA among Greek students compared to non-Greek students, and whether PDA in high school predicted joining a Greek organization in college. Participants: From November to December 2014, 509 undergraduate students at a large, southeastern institution participated in an online survey. Methods: Stratified random sampling with academic classification as the strata; chi-square analyses were conducted to test study hypotheses. Results: Greek students were no more likely than non-Greek students to ever engage in overall PDA. However, Greek students were significantly more likely to report abuse of stimulants, but not downers, in college and in high school. Conclusions: Future research to examine individual types of prescription drugs abused in high school and their affiliation with PDA among Greek students, compared to non-Greek students, in college is warranted.

Published
2020
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2. A protein-truncating R179X variant in RNF186 confers protection against ulcerative colitis.

Author

Rivas, Manuel, Graham, Daniel, Sulem, Patrick, Stevens, Christine, Desch, A, Goyette, Philippe, Gudbjartsson, Daniel, Jonsdottir, Ingileif, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Degenhardt, Frauke, Mucha, Sören, Kurki, Mitja, Li, Dalin, DAmato, Mauro, Annese, Vito, Vermeire, Severine, Weersma, Rinse, Halfvarson, Jonas, Paavola-Sakki, Paulina, Lappalainen, Maarit, Lek, Monkol, Cummings, Beryl, Tukiainen, Taru, Haritunians, Talin, Halme, Leena, Koskinen, Lotta, Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin, Luo, Yang, Heap, Graham, Visschedijk, Marijn, MacArthur, Daniel, Neale, Benjamin, Ahmad, Tariq, Anderson, Carl, Brant, Steven, Duerr, Richard, Silverberg, Mark, Cho, Judy, Palotie, Aarno, Saavalainen, Päivi, Kontula, Kimmo, Färkkilä, Martti, McGovern, Dermot, Franke, Andre, Stefansson, Kari, Rioux, John, Xavier, Ramnik, Daly, Mark, Barrett, J, de Lane, K, Edwards, C, Hart, A, Hawkey, C, Jostins, L, Kennedy, N, Lamb, C, Lee, J, Lees, C, Mansfield, J, Mathew, C, Mowatt, C, Newman, B, Nimmo, E, Parkes, M, Pollard, M, Prescott, N, Randall, J, Rice, D, Satsangi, J, Simmons, A, Tremelling, M, Uhlig, H, Wilson, D, Abraham, C, Achkar, J, Bitton, A, Boucher, G, Croitoru, K, Fleshner, P, Glas, J, Kugathasan, S, Limbergen, J, Milgrom, R, Proctor, D, Regueiro, M, Schumm, P, Sharma, Y, Stempak, J, Targan, S, and Wang, M

Subjects
Alleles, Colitis, Ulcerative, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Humans, Mutation, Protein Transport, RNA, Messenger, Reproducibility of Results, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
Abstract

Protein-truncating variants protective against human disease provide in vivo validation of therapeutic targets. Here we used targeted sequencing to conduct a search for protein-truncating variants conferring protection against inflammatory bowel disease exploiting knowledge of common variants associated with the same disease. Through replication genotyping and imputation we found that a predicted protein-truncating variant (rs36095412, p.R179X, genotyped in 11,148 ulcerative colitis patients and 295,446 controls, MAF=up to 0.78%) in RNF186, a single-exon ring finger E3 ligase with strong colonic expression, protects against ulcerative colitis (overall P=6.89 × 10(-7), odds ratio=0.30). We further demonstrate that the truncated protein exhibits reduced expression and altered subcellular localization, suggesting the protective mechanism may reside in the loss of an interaction or function via mislocalization and/or loss of an essential transmembrane domain.

Published
2016

4. Anaesthetic depth and complications after major surgery: an international, randomised controlled trial

Author

Shulman, M, Wallace, S, Farrington, C, Gallagher, W, Ditoro, A, Peyton, P, Baulch, S, Dalyell, A, Sidiropoulos, S, Reynolds, J, Rowley, J, Tan, N, McCallum, D, O'Loughlin, E, Wong, S, Owen, K, Sim, I-K, Glazov, L, Coutts, P, Pushpanathan, M, Findlay, V, Paech, M, Cavill, D, Chuan, A, Pope, L, Lucas, J, Robinson, B, Millard, A, Allen, S, Allen, M, McKeown, S, Sivalingam, P, Wilkes, T, Jowett, C, Kearney, A, Bennett, M, Favero, J-P, Sawhney, S, Drummond, K, Osborn, S, Wing, A, Taylor, J, Edwards, M, Reynolds, H, Town, C, Terblanche, N, Challis, M, Seale, R, Button, K, Cotter, R, Stewart, M, Zingerle, N, Hannon, S, Middleton, D, Edgley, C, March, S, McCulloch, T, Wong, G, Jeong, S, Connell, K, Kramer, K, Henderson, G, Ward, V, Buller, Y, Hird, N, Scott, D, Evered, L, Snyder, G, Silbert, B, Corcoran, P, Fitzgerald, E, Said, S, Watson, A, Baby, D, Bolsin, S, Marriott, A, Ives, K, Wakefeld, B-J, Jeffreys, A, Bates, S, Halliwell, R, Elliott, D, Cope, L, Paranthoiene, R, Peng, P, Liu, X, Zhou, X, Jin, X, Liu, H, An, L, Cui, W, Zhang, L, Jia, B, Fang, J, Koo, E, Lo, E, Fung, B, Tsang, M, Lam, L, Pang, E, Lau, V, Choi, G, Kwok, R, Yau, K, Cheng, B, Lam, C, Lee, E, Buggy, D, Keane, H, Byrne, K, Connolly, C, Ali, M, Cervantes, A, Kumar, K, Dandy, S, Ritchie, L, Kennedy, R, McKellow, M, Read, C, France, D, Truong, H, Chapman, C, Walker, S, Olliff, S, Houston, H, Scott, M, Minchin, I, Moniwa, A, McAlpine, J, Chaddock, M, Gray, L, Czepanski, C, Vinish, S, Buehner, U, Williams, E, Zhou, C, Goodman, L, Bermaat, J, Mans, G, Garden, A, Franks, R, Deiterle, J, Barrett, J, Roubos, S, van Lier, F, Verbrugge, S, Kalkman, C, Dieleman, J, Verdam-Veldkamp, J, van Kampen, A, Pai, A, Sevillano, A, Yeung, J, Melody, T, Atterbury, K, Hough, M, Dukes, S, Williams, S, Milan, Z, Kunst, G, Bhatia, K, MacNab, W, Weaver, E, Moulding, R, Doble, P, Klepsch, P, Self, J, Howes, T, Rees, B, Faulkner, B, Blackburn, J, Crombie, N, Cooper, L, Nair, A, Bell, G, Longfellow, R, Nicholas, C, Garratt, T, Pollard, M, Brown, G, Morrison, G, Lang, A, Dawson, H, MacDonald, M, Martin, T, Niebrzegowska, E, Dias, P, Rao Baikady, R, Jhanji, S, Siddaiah, N, Bird, L, Mittal, R, Nalawaya, P, Sonksen, J, Gidda, R, Wrench, I, Craw, N, Pippard, L, Davies, S, Wright, M, Turan, M, Maheshwari, K, Cohen, B, Saasouh, W, Singh, P, Govindarajan, S, Cuko, E, Marcano, F, Babazade, R, Leung, S, Raza, S, Reville, E, Hanline, C, Ayad, S, Buttar, M, Akhtar, Z, Niazi, A, Saha, P, Morris, A, Lokhande, C, Hassan, M, Honar, H, Bairacharya, G, Saxon, J, Chelnick, D, Carlson, R, Ruiz, J, Wilks, J, Williams, W, Dangler, L, Ifeanyi-Pillette, I, Suarez, J, Erfe, R, Perez, A, Veselis, R, Yang, G, Mehta, M, Pryor, K, Rubin, L, Malhotra, J, Steinkamp, M, Cooke, F, Friedlander, R, Short, Timothy G, Campbell, Douglas, Frampton, Christopher, Chan, Matthew T V, Myles, Paul S, Corcoran, Tomás B, Sessler, Daniel I, Mills, Gary H, Cata, Juan P, Painter, Thomas, Byrne, Kelly, Han, Ruquan, Chu, Mandy H M, McAllister, Davina J, and Leslie, Kate

Published
2019
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5. Optimization of the Roche/ 454 and Illumina Production Sequencing Pipelines at the DOE Joint Genome Institute

Author

Daum, C., Shapiro, N., Zane, M., Tarver, A., Hamilton, M., Hammon, N., Wilson, S., Singh, K., Pollard, M., Chen, F., Cheng, J.-F., and Lucas, S.

Subjects
454, Illumina, Sequencing
Abstract

Within the JGI?s Production Sequencing group, a robust Roche Genome Sequencer and Illumina Genome Analyzer pipeline has been established. Optimization of these sequencer pipelines has been ongoing with the aim of continual process improvement of the laboratory workflow. These process improvement projects are being lead by the JGI's Process Optimization, Sequencing Technologies, Instrumentation and Engineering, and the core Roche/454 and Illumina/GA Production groups. Primary focus has been on improving the procedural ergonomics and the technician's operating environment, reducing manually intensive technician operations with tools and robotic automation, reducing associated production costs, and improving the overall process and generated sequence quality. The foremost of these optimization projects, along with sequencing strategies, throughput numbers, and sequencing quality results will be presented.

Published
2009

9. Plan S, UKRI and Wellcome policies, and beyond: the past, present and future of open research funding

Author

Grant, P, Paterson, D, Pollard, M, Hope, H, Bruce, R, and Rooryck, J

Abstract

In September 2018, a group of national research funding organisations announced the launch of cOAlition S. The resulting Plan S requirements aim to make full and immediate Open Access to research publications a reality, with a target date of the end of 2024. The overarching principle is: “…all scholarly publications on the results from research funded by public or private grants provided by national, regional and international research councils and funding bodies, must be published in Open Access Journals, on Open Access Platforms, or made immediately available through Open Access Repositories without embargo.” As a result, some publishers are adapting their business models, offering transitional arrangements as they shift from read to publish; researchers are encouraged to use new and diverse routes to open access; and libraries are managing budgets and publishing services in new and different ways. This conversational session, chaired by Professor Patrick Grant (Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Research) will focus on the Wellcome (January 2021) and UKRI (April 2022) open access policies, examining how it is going so far, what is coming, and what the future holds for research funding for open publications.

Published
2022

20. When only the walls can sing

Author

Pollard, M and Pollard, M

Abstract

This project is part of an ongoing collaborative research project titled Reconstructing the familiar that addresses the sonic possibilities of making the familiar, unfamiliar. This project resulted in the new music work When only the walls can sing for vibraphone, prerecorded sound and 20 blue tooth speakers. This research involved a creative condensing of the sympathetic resonances of music performances from times past. Music moments drawn from the first concert programs at the University of Melbourne in 1896 and VCA in 1974 are reconstructed to create a new music work that transformed the experience of a particular space and place. This new work enhanced the viewers’ interpretation and understanding of the intent and history of the location and the surrounds by inviting them to experience the resonating space of the location, architecture and music function in multiple and innovative ways.

Published
2021

21. A School Perspective on School-Embedded Initial Teacher Education

Author

Galvin, A, Ryan, P, McKenna, K, Pollard, M, Galvin, A, Ryan, P, McKenna, K, and Pollard, M

Abstract

School-university partnerships have been developed to invigorate initial teacher education (ITE). Such partnerships potentially offer rich educational opportunities to pre-service teachers. This paper examines integrated and school-embedded approaches to ITE in the Australian context, drawing on a case study analysis of a three-year, ITE school-university-system partnership named inSITE. inSITE is explored from the perspective of the school educators directly involved in its design and delivery. Complexity science provided the theoretical framework for inSITE and signalled its principles of holism, integration and reflective practice. The factors that contributed to and inhibited school-based initial teacher education from a school’s perspective are identified. The paper concludes that, given conducive conditions, an integrated, embedded and reflective approach can address the prevailing theory-practice dualism of ITE and may offer an important third way to prepare new teachers. The challenges and opportunities for school-embedded ITE in Australia are highlighted.

Published
2021

31. Investigation of SHJ module degradation: A post-mortem approach

Author

Zhang, S, Sulas-Kern, DB, Lee Chin, R, Pollard, M, Mahboubi Soufiani, A, Jordan, DC, Moutinho, HR, Perez-Wurfl, I, Hameiri, Z, Zhang, S, Sulas-Kern, DB, Lee Chin, R, Pollard, M, Mahboubi Soufiani, A, Jordan, DC, Moutinho, HR, Perez-Wurfl, I, and Hameiri, Z

Published
2020

33. Insights into Striations in N-type Czochralsky wafers investigated via low-temperature hyperspectral and temperature-dependent spectral photoluminescence

Author

Chin , RL, Zhu, Y, Coletti, G, Binetti, S, Le Donne, A, Pollard, M, Hameiri, Z, Chin, R, Zhu, Y, Coletti, G, Binetti, S, Le Donne, A, Pollard, M, and Hameiri, Z

Subjects
CHIM/02 - CHIMICA FISICA, Silicon, Ntype , defects, striations, PL
Abstract

Striations in n-type Czochralski (Cz) wafers have been correlated with up to 1% absolute efficiency losses in completed solar cells [1]. Previous studies of the low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra on Cz wafers correlated the striations with a defect PL band centered between 0.8 and 0.9 eV, the origin of which was suspected to be oxide nanoprecipitates [2,3]. In this study, we perform similar PL measurements on a sister wafer and reveal further insights regarding the spatial distribution and the temperature dependence of the defect. The sample was a 4 Ω.cm alkaline textured n-type Cz wafer, 170 μm thick and passivated with a stack of a-Si and SiNx. A 660 nm steady-state light-emitting diode (LED), focused via an objective lens, was used for excitation, resulting in a uniform intensity of ~2 Suns over a circular spot with a diameter of ~3 mm. The sample was cooled using a cryogenic temperature-controlled stage and positioned via a motorized XYZ stage. The PL was detected in confocal fashion via a fiber-coupled InGaAs spectrometer; PL was therefore only detected at the center of the excitation spot. Hyperspectral mappings were performed at 80 K, with a step size of 100 μm in each lateral direction and temperature-dependent measurements were performed at a single spot for each scan from 350 K to 80 K. The hyperspectral mapping was used to extract the band-to-band PL (PLBB) and defect PL (PL defect) maps. Figure 1(a) shows that the dark striations are visible in the 80 K PLBB spectra. The defect band at 80 K was relatively broad and centered at 0.85 eV [Fig. 1(d)]. The PL defect increased by an order of magnitude from 350 K to 80 K while PLBB decreased by two orders of magnitude in the same range. Both PLBB and PL defect yielded similar temperature dependencies inside and outside the dark striations. An Arrhenius fit to PLBB and PLdefect provides two activation energies, implying the defect band is actually the convolution of at least two separate defect bands [3] . The PL spectra were also collected at 12 K to have further insight about the defects related to them.. Figure 1: (a) PLBB map, (b) PLdefect map, (c) PLdefect/PLBB map, (d) PL spectra at selected locations in PLBB Our results suggest that the defects are distributed throughout the wafer, but at higher concentration in the dark striations. This is a new observation that has not been reported previously. The temperature-dependence of both PL bands indicates the presence of at least two defects. [1] G. Coletti et al., Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, vol. 130, pp. 647–651, 2014. [2] A. Le Donne et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 109, no. 3, 2016. [3] S. Binetti et al., J. Appl. Phys., vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 2437–2445, 2002.

Published
2018

36. Anaesthetic depth and complications after major surgery: an international, randomised controlled trial

Author

Short, Timothy G, primary, Campbell, Douglas, additional, Frampton, Christopher, additional, Chan, Matthew T V, additional, Myles, Paul S, additional, Corcoran, Tomás B, additional, Sessler, Daniel I, additional, Mills, Gary H, additional, Cata, Juan P, additional, Painter, Thomas, additional, Byrne, Kelly, additional, Han, Ruquan, additional, Chu, Mandy H M, additional, McAllister, Davina J, additional, Leslie, Kate, additional, Shulman, M, additional, Wallace, S, additional, Farrington, C, additional, Gallagher, W, additional, Ditoro, A, additional, Peyton, P, additional, Baulch, S, additional, Dalyell, A, additional, Sidiropoulos, S, additional, Reynolds, J, additional, Rowley, J, additional, Tan, N, additional, McCallum, D, additional, O'Loughlin, E, additional, Wong, S, additional, Owen, K, additional, Sim, I-K, additional, Glazov, L, additional, Coutts, P, additional, Pushpanathan, M, additional, Findlay, V, additional, Paech, M, additional, Cavill, D, additional, Chuan, A, additional, Pope, L, additional, Lucas, J, additional, Robinson, B, additional, Millard, A, additional, Allen, S, additional, Allen, M, additional, McKeown, S, additional, Sivalingam, P, additional, Wilkes, T, additional, Jowett, C, additional, Kearney, A, additional, Bennett, M, additional, Favero, J-P, additional, Sawhney, S, additional, Drummond, K, additional, Osborn, S, additional, Wing, A, additional, Taylor, J, additional, Edwards, M, additional, Reynolds, H, additional, Town, C, additional, Terblanche, N, additional, Challis, M, additional, Seale, R, additional, Button, K, additional, Cotter, R, additional, Stewart, M, additional, Zingerle, N, additional, Hannon, S, additional, Middleton, D, additional, Edgley, C, additional, March, S, additional, McCulloch, T, additional, Wong, G, additional, Jeong, S, additional, Connell, K, additional, Kramer, K, additional, Henderson, G, additional, Ward, V, additional, Buller, Y, additional, Hird, N, additional, Scott, D, additional, Evered, L, additional, Snyder, G, additional, Silbert, B, additional, Corcoran, P, additional, Fitzgerald, E, additional, Said, S, additional, Watson, A, additional, Baby, D, additional, Bolsin, S, additional, Marriott, A, additional, Ives, K, additional, Wakefeld, B-J, additional, Jeffreys, A, additional, Bates, S, additional, Halliwell, R, additional, Elliott, D, additional, Cope, L, additional, Paranthoiene, R, additional, Peng, P, additional, Liu, X, additional, Zhou, X, additional, Jin, X, additional, Liu, H, additional, An, L, additional, Cui, W, additional, Zhang, L, additional, Jia, B, additional, Fang, J, additional, Koo, E, additional, Lo, E, additional, Fung, B, additional, Tsang, M, additional, Lam, L, additional, Pang, E, additional, Lau, V, additional, Choi, G, additional, Kwok, R, additional, Yau, K, additional, Cheng, B, additional, Lam, C, additional, Lee, E, additional, Buggy, D, additional, Keane, H, additional, Byrne, K, additional, Connolly, C, additional, Ali, M, additional, Cervantes, A, additional, Kumar, K, additional, Dandy, S, additional, Ritchie, L, additional, Kennedy, R, additional, McKellow, M, additional, Read, C, additional, France, D, additional, Truong, H, additional, Chapman, C, additional, Walker, S, additional, Olliff, S, additional, Houston, H, additional, Scott, M, additional, Minchin, I, additional, Moniwa, A, additional, McAlpine, J, additional, Chaddock, M, additional, Gray, L, additional, Czepanski, C, additional, Vinish, S, additional, Buehner, U, additional, Williams, E, additional, Zhou, C, additional, Goodman, L, additional, Bermaat, J, additional, Mans, G, additional, Garden, A, additional, Franks, R, additional, Deiterle, J, additional, Barrett, J, additional, Roubos, S, additional, van Lier, F, additional, Verbrugge, S, additional, Kalkman, C, additional, Dieleman, J, additional, Verdam-Veldkamp, J, additional, van Kampen, A, additional, Pai, A, additional, Sevillano, A, additional, Yeung, J, additional, Melody, T, additional, Atterbury, K, additional, Hough, M, additional, Dukes, S, additional, Williams, S, additional, Milan, Z, additional, Kunst, G, additional, Bhatia, K, additional, MacNab, W, additional, Weaver, E, additional, Moulding, R, additional, Doble, P, additional, Klepsch, P, additional, Self, J, additional, Howes, T, additional, Rees, B, additional, Faulkner, B, additional, Blackburn, J, additional, Crombie, N, additional, Cooper, L, additional, Nair, A, additional, Bell, G, additional, Longfellow, R, additional, Nicholas, C, additional, Garratt, T, additional, Pollard, M, additional, Brown, G, additional, Morrison, G, additional, Lang, A, additional, Dawson, H, additional, MacDonald, M, additional, Martin, T, additional, Niebrzegowska, E, additional, Dias, P, additional, Rao Baikady, R, additional, Jhanji, S, additional, Siddaiah, N, additional, Bird, L, additional, Mittal, R, additional, Nalawaya, P, additional, Sonksen, J, additional, Gidda, R, additional, Wrench, I, additional, Craw, N, additional, Pippard, L, additional, Davies, S, additional, Wright, M, additional, Turan, M, additional, Maheshwari, K, additional, Cohen, B, additional, Saasouh, W, additional, Singh, P, additional, Govindarajan, S, additional, Cuko, E, additional, Marcano, F, additional, Babazade, R, additional, Leung, S, additional, Raza, S, additional, Reville, E, additional, Hanline, C, additional, Ayad, S, additional, Buttar, M, additional, Akhtar, Z, additional, Niazi, A, additional, Saha, P, additional, Morris, A, additional, Lokhande, C, additional, Hassan, M, additional, Honar, H, additional, Bairacharya, G, additional, Saxon, J, additional, Chelnick, D, additional, Carlson, R, additional, Ruiz, J, additional, Wilks, J, additional, Williams, W, additional, Dangler, L, additional, Ifeanyi-Pillette, I, additional, Suarez, J, additional, Erfe, R, additional, Perez, A, additional, Veselis, R, additional, Yang, G, additional, Mehta, M, additional, Pryor, K, additional, Rubin, L, additional, Malhotra, J, additional, Steinkamp, M, additional, Cooke, F, additional, and Friedlander, R, additional

Published
2019
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39. FLAME‐D Database: An Integrated System for the Study of Archaeometallurgy.

Author

Perucchetti, L., Bray, P., Felicetti, A., Sainsbury, V., Howarth, P., Saunders, M. K., Hommel, P., and Pollard, M.

Subjects
DATABASES, BIG data, RAW materials
Abstract

This paper discusses the reorganisation of archaeometallurgical legacy data for future research. When archaeometallurgical research aims to answer questions that involve significant movements of raw material or metal objects, it needs to rely on large sets of data. These data are available but scattered across hundreds publications, where they are differently organised, based on the focus of the original papers. The FLAME‐D database aims to collect this corpus of data and include it in a versatile structure that also maintains the information about the original data organization. The production of such a database requires transparent data transformations. The database is complemented by a series of online tools that make data available to answer new questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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45. Nanostructured surface enhanced Raman scattering sensor platform with integrated waveguide core.

Author

Pearce, S. J., Pollard, M. E., Oo, S. Z., Chen, R., and Charlton, M. D. B.

Subjects
*WAVEGUIDES, *NANOSTRUCTURED materials, *SERS spectroscopy, *DETECTORS, *SURFACE plasmon resonance, *SILICON oxynitride, *SURFACE coatings
Abstract

We present a planar waveguide based sensor capable of simultaneous surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)/surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing methodologies. The sensor consists of a nanostructured area etched into a low loss planar waveguide fabricated from silicon oxynitride. The selective deposition of the 25 nm thick gold film on the nanostructured features was applied to create the SERS/SPR active sites. In this work, we adapt the SPR approach, coupling light propagating along the slab waveguide to the nano-textured area from underneath. The shapes of the nanostructures, thickness, and morphology of the gold coating are chosen to be suitable for SERS and SPR. Effects of geometric parameters associated with the nanostructured features such as diameters, length, and pitch were investigated. Detection of Benzyl Mercaptan was accomplished using a 785 nm laser in a SERS configuration excited from the underlying waveguide core. The detection of the analyte was confirmed by normal incident SERS measurements using an InVia Raman spectrometer. The surface enhanced Raman scattering signal from the 25 nm thick Au coated nanostructures provided a maximum intensity signal of 104. Using the same device in the SPR sensing arrangement provided a wavelength shift of 25 nm and an average signal to noise ratio of 10 dB to Benzyl Mercaptan. The fabricated sensor can easily be fabricated using nano imprinting into cheap polymer substrates and would provide disposable real-world remote sensing capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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46. Numerical simulations of two-photon absorption time-resolved photoluminescence to extract the bulk lifetime of semiconductors under varying surface recombination velocities

Author

Chin, RL, Pollard, M, Trupke, T, Hameiri, Z, Chin, RL, Pollard, M, Trupke, T, and Hameiri, Z

Abstract

© 2019 Author(s). We investigate the limitations of two-photon absorption time-resolved photoluminescence to measure the low-injection bulk lifetime of different semiconductor materials under varying surface recombination. The excitation source is assumed to be a sub-bandgap pulsed laser and the localized absorption and carrier generation was modeled using a focused TEM00 Gaussian beam under the assumption of diffraction-limited performance. The subsequent carrier kinetics were simulated by applying the finite-difference time-domain method to the continuity equation. Three typical semiconductor materials were modeled: direct bandgap low-mobility material (such as CZTS), direct bandgap high mobility (such as GaAs), and indirect bandgap high mobility (such as float-zone silicon). The extracted effective lifetime as a function of surface recombination velocity was compared to the bulk lifetime and the effective lifetime calculated using an analytical 1D approximation. For the direct bandgap materials, focusing inside the material yields an effective lifetime within a few percent of the bulk lifetime, regardless of the surface recombination velocity, while for excitation close to the surface it is up to 30% lower than the bulk lifetime at high surface recombination velocities (>10 4 cm/s). For the indirect bandgap material, the effective lifetime is dominated by the surface, making the bulk lifetime inaccessible, even at surface recombination velocities of 100 cm/s. Finally, we use the 1D approximation to find under what conditions the bulk lifetime can be extracted by this method and determine that both the bulk diffusion length and the product of the bulk lifetime and surface recombination velocity must be much less than twice the device thickness.

Published
2019

47. Physical barriers, cultural connections: a reconsideration of the metal flow at the beginning of the metal age in the Alps

Author

Perucchetti, L, Pollard, M, Cunliffe, B, Menotti, F, Cunliffe, B, Menotti, F, and Pollard, M

Abstract

This thesis considers the early copper and copper-alloy metallurgy of the entire Circum-Alpine region. It introduces a new approach to the interpretation of chemical composition data sets, which has been applied to a comprehensive regional database for the first time. An extensive use of GIS has been applied to investigate the role of topography in the distribution of metal and to undertake spatial and geostastical analysis that may highlight patterns of distribution of some specific key compositional element. The Circum-Alpine Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age show some distinctively different patterns of metal use, which can be interpreted through changes in mining and social choices. But there are also some signs of continuity, in particular those which respect the use of major landscape features such as watersheds and river systems. Interestingly, the Alpine range does not act as a north-south barrier, as major differences in composition tend to appear on an east-west axis. Conversely, the river system seems to have a key role in the movement of metal. Geostastical analyses demonstrate the presence of a remelting process, applicable also in the case of ingots; evidence that opens new and interesting questions about the role of ingots and hoards in the distribution of metal at the beginning of the Metal Age. New tools and new analysis may also be useful to identify zones where there was a primary metal production and zones where metal was mostly received and heavily manipulated.

Published
2016

49. Diagnosis of brain metastases from a primary hemangiosarcoma of the spleen with magnetic resonance imaging

Author

Sondenaa, Karl, Heikkila, Reino, Nysted, Arne, Soreide, Jon A., Odegaard, Helge, Pollard, M. Laura, and Holter, Jon

Subjects
Angiosarcoma -- Complications, Metastasis -- Diagnosis, Brain cancer -- Diagnosis, Magnetic resonance imaging, CT imaging, Health
Abstract

Background. Primary malignant splenic neoplasms are rare tumors. Apart from involvement of the spleen by malignant lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma is the most common form of primary malignant neoplasm in the spleen. The diagnosis often is made at autopsy or after spontaneous splenic rupture. The prognosis is usually poor, and widespread metastases soon occur. Method. Currently, no case of metastasis to the brain has been reported to the authors' knowledge. Results. This case report describes a patient who, as the first sign of metastatic disease, had symptoms from brain metastases 3 months after splenectomy. Conclusion. Magnetic resonance imaging was diagnostic. Cancer 1993; 71:138-41.

Published
1993

50. Exploring the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease by whole-genome sequencing identifies association at $\textit{ADCY7}$

Author

Luo, Y, de Lange, KM, Jostins, L, Moutsianas, L, Randall, J, Kennedy, NA, Lamb, CA, McCarthy, S, Ahmad, T, Edwards, C, Serra, EG, Hart, A, Hawkey, C, Mansfield, JC, Mowat, C, Newman, WG, Nichols, S, Pollard, M, Satsangi, J, Simmons, A, Tremelling, M, Uhlig, H, Wilson, DC, Lee, JC, Prescott, NJ, Lees, CW, Mathew, CG, Parkes, M, Barrett, JC, Anderson, CA, McCarthy, Shane [0000-0002-2715-4187], Lee, James [0000-0001-5711-9385], Parkes, Miles [0000-0002-6467-0631], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
inflammatory bowel disease, genetic association study, DNA sequencing
Abstract

To further resolve the genetic architecture of the inflammatory bowel diseases ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, we sequenced the whole genomes of 4,280 patients at low coverage and compared them to 3,652 previously sequenced population controls across 73.5 million variants. We then imputed from these sequences into new and existing genome-wide association study cohorts and tested for association at ~12 million variants in a total of 16,432 cases and 18,843 controls. We discovered a 0.6% frequency missense variant in $\textit{ADCY7}$ that doubles the risk of ulcerative colitis. Despite good statistical power, we did not identify any other new low-frequency risk variants and found that such variants explained little heritability. We detected a burden of very rare, damaging missense variants in known Crohn’s disease risk genes, suggesting that more comprehensive sequencing studies will continue to improve understanding of the biology of complex diseases.

Published
2017
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