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This work has two purposes. The first purpose is to investigate how politicians, in the Planning- and Buildingcommitee, affect the aesthetics of buildings in Uppsala city center. The second purpose is to document the thoughts of politicians and officials about how politicians acted during the process. The overall method of work is a case study based on qualitative interviews. The interviewees are members of the current Planning and Buildingcommitee and officals who are or have been employed by the City Planning Administration. The case is; the impact of the Planning and Building Board on the aesthetics of buildings in Uppsala city center. The result shows that politicians have had an influence on the facades and volumes of buildings, and a number of examples of buildings that have been affected are provided. Due to the nature of the influence and the method's risk of subjectivity, it has not been possible to identify the impact in detail.

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Ermittlung des ökonomischen Wertes einer Öffentlichen Bibliothek in einer deutschen Mittelstadt. Dabei werden die Wertschätzung beeinflussende Faktoren identifiziert und die Einschätzungen der Bevölkerung (Bibliotheksnutzer und Nicht-Nutzer) mit der der politischen und administrativen Vertreter kontrastiert. Im theoretischen Teil wird der Forschungsstand zur Wert- und Wirkungsmessung dargelegt und in den Kontext der wirkungsorientierten Verwaltungsführung gestellt. Außerdem wird das Konzept der Lebensstile erläutert. Im empirischen Hauptteil wird eine schriftliche Befragung zur ökonomischen Wertschätzung der Stadtbibliothek Melle ausgewertet. Zwei parallele Umfragen richteten sich zum einen an Einwohner der Stadt Melle und zum anderen an politische und administrative Vertreter. Neben der ökonomischen Wertzumessung, ausgedrückt als Zahlungsbereitschaft (Anwendung der Kontingenten Bewertungsmethode), stehen die Aspekte Lebensstil-Typen nach Gunnar Otte, Bibliotheksnutzung, sowie die Stellung im Familien-/Lebenszyklus als beeinflussende Faktoren im Mittelpunkt der Auswertung. Die geäußerten Zahlungsbereitschaften der Bevölkerung und der Politiker werden verglichen. Es wird eine Relation von Zahlungsbereitschaft zu „Ergebnis je Einwohner“ (finanzbuchhalterische Kennzahl) als Indikator für die Wertschätzung gebildet., The aim of this study is to determine the economic value of a public library in a medium-sized town in Germany. The factors influencing the value must first be identified and the population’s (both library users and non-users) appreciation must be compared with those of their political and administrative representatives. In the theoretical section of this study the current state of research in value and impact assessment will be explained and presented within the context of impact-oriented administration (New Public Management). The concept of lifestyles will also be explained. The main, empirical section of the study concentrates on the assessment of a written questionnaire (mail survey) on the economic value of the Melle Public Library. Two parallel questionnaires were conducted; one for the population of the city of Melle and one for their political and administrative agents. In addition to the economic rating of the library, expressed as willingness-to-pay (under application of the contingent valuation method) at the core of the assessment, the analysis focuses on the aspects of lifestyle types according to Gunnar Otte, library use and position within the family or life cycle as influencing factors. The expressed willingness-to-pay of the population will be directly compared with that of the politicians. A ratio of willingness-to-pay and the result-per-resident (an economic value) will be generated and thereby an indicator of value determined.

This thesis explores politicians’ perceptions of the public library and public library development. While many call for a redefined vision for public libraries, eye-catching libraries are built in major cities around the world. What library visions are expressed through such projects? I attempt to discern how local politicians view the role of the public library, and how do they want to develop it in their local context, using concepts from institutional theory in the analysis. The research questions include issues concerning norms politicians connect with public libraries compared with those expressed by the professional field, library legitimization, as well as plans and visions for the future library. I have addressed these questions through a comparative case study done in three cities; Oslo, Aarhus, and Birmingham, and taken a qualitative approach, using interviews with local politicians and document analysis of local and national policy documents. One important premise for this study has been to find cases where there are on-going developments; in the shape of main library construction. The findings show that politicians have extensive knowledge about the norms and values found on the professional library field. They share much of the same views regarding library roles and missions, as well as core values such as equal access to knowledge and culture – expressed for instance through a free service. When the informants legitimize public libraries in general, they primarily connect them with citizens’ democratic rights and the country’s democratic practice. Legitimizing the local projects is done using a slightly different argumentation: These are connected to city development and a desire to make visible the city’s knowledge and culture profile. The perceptions expressed through this study show that the local politicians through their work with library issues – and the projects in particular – have acquired knowledge about and understanding of the pub

These news clips from KCRA TV features Gov. Ronald Reagan in news conferences speaking about the economy, education, and tuition; signing a bill; and addressing supporters on Capitol steps., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

This news clip from KCRA TV features the inaugural speech of Gov. Ronald Reagan., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

These news clips from KCRA TV features Gov. Ronald Reagan at 1972 Republican National Convention, giving speeches and news conferences on abortion, gun rights, and tax reform., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

These news clips from KCRA TV features the swearing in and inaugural speech, ball, and parade of Gov. Ronald Reagan., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

This news clip from KCRA TV features the Reagans hosting a Prisoner of War reception at their home for POWS., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

These news clips from KCRA TV features the inaugural ball of Gov. Ronald Reagan., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

Ronald Reagan press conference at Sacramento's Memorial Auditorium during United Republicans of California Convention, May 1, 1965; KOVR Channel 13 Special Report on Sen. Eugene McCarthy breakfast speech at the El Dorado Hotel in Sacramento, May 11, 1968, California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

199. Clauson discusses the Post Office; 200. Reagan; 201. Robert Fazio discusses gas company; 202. California State Senator George Moscone, California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

226. California State Senator Mervyn Dymally; 227. Honorable Edmund G. Brown, Jr.; 228. Richard Simpson discusses consumers courses; 229. Harris discuss Psychology Today, California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

150. Eddie Albert, 11/16/1971; 151. Jerome W. Hull of Pacific Telephone and Telegraph, 11/22/1971; 152. Senator Jennings Randolph, 11/29/1971, California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

9. Albert Cole of Reynolds Metal, 5/10/1965; 10. Bishop James A. Pike, 5/26/1965; 11. Governor Edmund Brown, 6/7/1965; 12. Peter Mitchell of the Public Utilties Commission, 7/12/1965; 13. Ronald Reagan, 8/2/1965, California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

Gov. Jimmy Carter Sacramento presidential campaign speech, November 1, 1976, California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)

These news clips from KCRA TV features Gov. Ronald Reagan talking about the student protest movement at UC Berkeley and the death penalty., California Audiovisual Preservation Project (CAVPP)