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Copyright of Medical Journal of Bakirkoy is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The automated classification of rock images is of paramount importance in geological analysis, as it serves as the foundational criterion for the categorization of rock lithology. Despite recent advancements in leveraging deep learning technologies to enhance the efficiency and precision of image classification, a crucial aspect has been overlooked: these methods face a performance bottleneck when attempting to apply it directly to rock classification methods. To address this limitation, we propose a multiple granularity Spatial disorder Hierarchical residual Network (SHN). This approach involves learning from objects annotated at different levels, thereby facilitating the transfer of hierarchical knowledge across levels. By enabling lower-level classes to inherit pertinent attributes from higher-level superclasses, our method aims to capture the intricate hierarchical relationships among different rock types. Especially, we introduce a multi-granularity spatial disorder module to aid neural networks in discerning discriminative details across various scales. This module enables processed images to exhibit region independence, compelling the network to adeptly identify discriminative local regions at diverse granularity levels and extract pertinent features. Furthermore, in light of the absence of a comprehensive rock dataset, this study amassed 4,227 rock images of diverse compositions from various places, culminating in the creation of a robust rock dataset for classification. Rigorous experimentation on this dataset yielded highly promising results, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed method in addressing the challenges of rock image classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Hypercoagulopathy related to hyperinflammation may be responsible for mortality and organ failure in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. Abnormal coagulation profiles were associated with poor outcomes. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of antithrombin (AT) levels in critically ill COVID-19 patients on the intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Materials and Methods: Four hundred ten critically ill COVID-19 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory and conventional coagulation parameters as well as AT activity levels were recorded on the ICU admission. The clinical outcomes of patients were analyzed. Results: AT levels on the ICU admission were significantly lower in non-survivors than survivors (77.9% vs. 82.5%; p=0.027). Besides AT, D-dimer values of non-survivors were significantly higher than survivors (2775 vs. 1495 µg/L; p<0.001). The cut-off levels for AT and D-dimer were 70.5% and 1585 µg/L, respectively. When AT and D-dimer were analyzed together, mortality estimation was better than only D-dimer or AT. Conclusion: Low AT levels may be indicative of severe disease and mortality together with high D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients. Diagnosing and managing AT deficiency in COVID-19 patients could be beneficial for survival. So AT level measurements should be included in the routine panel of laboratory investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Rotavirus is one of the major infectious agents of childhood acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Definitive diagnosis depends on laboratory test results. Our study aimed to compare the laboratory results, number of emergency admissions, and length of hospital stay of patients with an initial diagnosis of AGE in the pediatric emergency department according to the presence of rotavirus antigen. Methods: 74 patients who tested positive and 91 patients who tested negative for rotavirus antigen in fresh stool specimens admitted to the pediatric emergency service of our hospital between April 1, 2019, and May 1, 2019, were included in our study. Demographic characteristics, laboratory results, and length of hospital stay of both groups of patients were evaluated retrospectively. The Shapiro--Wilk test was used for statistical analysis, whereas the Student t-test and the Mann--Whitney U-test were used for the comparison of quantitative variables, and the Pearson Chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative data. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the patients included in the study, 54.1% of the patients who tested positive for rotavirus antigen were girls and 45.9% were boys, whereas 45.1% of the patients in the control group were girls and 54.9% were boys. The ages of the subjects participating in the study were between 1 and 107 months in the study group and 2-163 months in the control group. Patients' length of stay was 1-47 h in the rotavirus antigen-positive group and 1-34 h in the control group. Evaluation of the number of hospital admissions revealed that recurrent admissions to the emergency department were more common in rotavirus cases, which constituted the study group. Discussion and Conclusion: It was observed that patients diagnosed with AGE who tested positive for the rotavirus antigen in the emergency department were younger, their length of hospital stay was longer, and the number of admissions to the emergency department was higher. Especially in viral gastroenteritis, unnecessary use of antibiotics should be avoided, and breast milk should be supported to prevent dehydration, as well as rotavirus vaccination, which is not yet in the national vaccination calendar, especially in the infant age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Examine the relationship between eating problems, emotional problems, behavioral attitudes about treatment, and adherence to diet in adolescents. Methods: The study was conducted with 132 participants, 60 of whom were in the healthy control group and 72 in the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) group. Participants were assessed using Children's Depression inventory (CDI), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED), and the Eating Attitude test (EAT) self-report scales and a data form. Results: Significant scores for CDI, SCARED, and EAT were higher in the T1DM group than in the control group (p<0.01). Patients with lower parent education, separated parents, irregular outpatient follow-up, history of diabetes complications and refusal of insulin injections, and hospitalization in the last 3 months had higher rates of have significant outcomes for CDI and SCARED (p<0.05). A significant correlation was found between the person who injected insulin (p<0.05) and the child's adherence to diet (p<0.01) and the EAT scores being significant. There was a positive correlation between CDI and EAT scores (p<0.01). Conclusion: Low parent education, increasing age, strict adherence to a diabetic diet, lack of responsibility for insulin therapy, and depressive symptoms have been associated with an increased risk of eating problems in adolescents. The clinical outcome will improve with identifying risky cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our study aimed to compare the mini-bronchoalveolar lavage (mini-BAL) method with the classical methods of endotracheal aspiration (ETA) and BAL in patients followed up in the intensive care unit (ICU) diagnosed with nosocomial pneumonia. Materials and Methods: Our study comprised 30 patients who were followed up with a suspicion of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) between February 2014 and January 2015 at İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, ICU. Results: A total of 40% (12 people) of the patients were women, 60% (18 people) were men, and the mean age was 54.23±21.37 years. The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 9.7±22.8 days. The mean Simplified Acute Physiology Score III of the patients was 36.06±8.46, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II score was 21.36±4.90, and the Clinical Pulmoner Infection score was 5.90±1.91. The consistency of the mini-BAL method, according to bronchoscopy, was 86.7%, and its consistency, compared with tracheal aspiration, was 63.3%. The consistency between the ETA and bronchoscopy method was 60%. Conclusion: Therefore, in the comparison of the methods used in the diagnosis of patients with suspected VAP in the ICU, mini-BAL gave reliable results in the early period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of death among young population. Approximately 10-15% of these patients, are associated with many severe comorbid conditions, are discharged in vegetative state. Amantadine acts as both a NMDA receptor antagonist and an indirect dopamine agonist. But its exact mechanism of action is still unknown. It is frequently use to increase alertness in patients with TBI. In this presentation, we aimed to present the eight cases with TBI which were treated with Amantadine in İntensive Care Unit (ICU). The characteristics of the cases are given in Table 1. All of patients with traumatic brain injury were intubated and unconscious upon arrival. We used Thiopental sodium for sedation to all patients. Amantadine sulfate treatment was started in the first hour as 200 mg / day and treatment was continued for at least 10 days. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) are serious health problems with social and economic consequences. Although there are many methods for to increase neurological recovery, there is still no specific treatment. Amantadine is a reliable and frequently used drug for to improve the neurological recovery of the patients with TBI. In the literature, the studies on the use of amantadine in patients with TBI was compared with the control group and various parameters. These studies were shown that neurological recovery was better in the amantadine group. We used some variables such as Glasgow Coma Scale (GKS), Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) scale and duration of stay at ıcu and hospital. FOUR scale are better reflects the neurological status in intubated patients. Although there are a limited number of articles indicating efficacy, new studies on amantadine use, dose, and duration are needed in patients with TBI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]