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Cold spray can produce deposits from a broad range of materials but reports on cold spray of steels are still limited to the few steel families demonstrating high ductility and medium strength. Softening and agglomeration of steel powders via heat treatment in a rotary tube furnace were investigated as promising ways to improve H13 tool steel powder cold sprayability. By adjusting starting powder size, as well as heat treatment conditions (maximum temperature, cooling rate and heat treatment atmosphere), cold spray of H13 powder improved from virtually no deposition to the production of dense, sound and thick deposits with a powder deposition efficiency of 70%. Powder agglomeration, surface state, microstructure evolution and softening are identified as key factors determining the powder deposition efficiency and resulting deposit microstructure. The developed powder modification method has the potential to facilitate the cold spray of all steels subjected to martensitic transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of industrial peanut dry roasting parameters in Salmonella reduction using a Salmonella surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, which is slightly more heat tolerant than Salmonella. Runner-type peanuts were inoculated with E. faecium and roasted in a laboratory scale roaster simulator in which temperature, airflow, airflow direction and bed depth were highly controlled, allowing for conditions that duplicate industrial dry roasting. Temperature data were collected at the top, middle and bottom of the roasting bed in addition to internal peanut temperature via thermocouples in the bed of peanuts and embedded in a peanut. Regardless of roast conditions, peanuts in the middle of the roasting bed received the least amount of heat and hence, represent the worst case scenario for microbial reduction. E. faecium reductions, reported as the logarithm of colony forming units/g (log CFU/g), followed a linear trend with increasing roasting time when peanuts were roasted at 149, 163, and 177 C, with > 5-log CFU/g reductions occurring at the middle of the peanut bed after 21, 15 and 11 min, respectively, at a bed depth of 75 mm and an air flow of 1.3 m/s. Increased air flow increased E. faecium reduction. At 16 min roast time and a 75 mm bed depth, reduction at the middle of the bed was ≤ 3-log CFU/g at 1 m/s and > 5-log CFU/g at 1.3 m/s. When all other roast parameters were held constant, decreasing bed depth also increased reduction of E. faecium in the middle of the bed. Comparing various samples roasted at 149, 163 and 177 C over a range of times, roast color (Hunter L-value) was positively correlated (R2 = 0.73) with the log reduction of E. faecium. Most peanuts with an L-value darker than 53, a common threshold for light roast had ≥ 5-log CFU/g reductions; however, further study is required, including roasting peanuts from different origins and maturity, to fully understand the implications of roast color development and microbial reduction. This work provides valuable practical information for manufacturers of roasted peanuts when validating Salmonella reductions under a particular set of roasting parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Type 1 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD1) is a key steroidogenic enzyme that catalyses the reduction of steroid estrone into the most potent endogenous estrogen estradiol using the cofactor NAD(P)H. Bisubstrate inhibition is a good way to enhance the potency of inhibitors of cofactor-assisted enzymes. The design of a bisubstrate inhibitor of 17β-HSD1, the estradiol/adenosine hybrid EM-1745, is reviewed and strategies for future designs of inhibitors are proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

X ray photoemission spectra show ∼10 valence band features in C and C films, although they are less distinct in C because of the increased number of valence electrons and the decreased molecular symmetry. The presence of inequivalent carbon atoms in C is reflected by the fact that the C 1s main line is ∼0.2 eV wider than in C. The C 1s satellite region of C exhibits four features within 15 eV of the main line and shows that the HOMO-LUMO π-π* excitation energy of C is ∼0.5 eV smaller than in C. Potassium 2p spectra for K-doped C films suggest the formation of a phase with composition KC with two spectroscopically-distinguishable K sites. A new spectral feature emerges when the K content is increased beyond KC, suggesting a phase transition and a saturated composition of KC, as for KC. These similarities are intriguing since KC is insulating for all x while KC is metallic and superconducting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inert anodes for Al electrolysis were produced by cold spray deposition of mechanical alloyed 65Cu20Ni15Fe powder. No structural change of the 65Cu20Ni15Fe alloy was observed during the cold spray processing apart from a small crystallite size increase. The electrochemical characterization was performed at 700 °C in a potassium cryolite-based electrolyte. A progressive increase of the cell voltage was observed during the 50 h of electrolysis. This is thought to reflect a decrease of the electrical conductivity of the anode attributed to the accumulation of electrolyte at the oxide/alloy interface and to the formation of insulating FeF 2 precipitates in the bulk alloy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

o-Phenylenediamine reacts with 2-formyl-, 2-acetyl-, or 2-benzoylpyridine in ethanol in the presence of cobalt, nickel, copper, or zinc chlorides to form monomeric complexes MLCl· nHO {M = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; L = N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ymethylidene)benzene-1,2-diamine, L = N, N-bis(pyridin-2-ylethylidene) benzene-1,2-diamine, L = N, N-bis[phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]benzene-1,2-diamine; n = 0-3}. The condensation products (L-L) act in the complexes as tetradentate N,N,N,N-ligands. Thermolysis of the complexes occurs in two stages: dehydration (70-95°C) and complete degradation (320-450°C). At concentrations of 10-10 M, the complexes inhibit in vitro growth and proliferation of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N,N′-[4,4′-(Perfluoro-1,4-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(4,1-phenylene)]bis[2-(pyridin-2-ylmethylidene)-hydrazinecarbothioamide] as well as its methyl and phenyl derivatives react with copper and nickel chlorides in ethanol to form coordination compounds. In the products, the hydrazinecarbothioamides act as doubly deprotonated bridging ligands. The prepared complexes have been found to inhibit in vitro the growth and propagation of the myeloid human leukemia HL-60 cancer cells at the 10-10 mol/L concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of particle impact temperature and size on adhesion of soft particle/hard substrate material in cold spray has been scarcely studied. While the relationship between particle impact conditions and particle/substrate bonding is commonly established through FEM studies, they typically lack comparison to experimental data. In the current study, characterization was performed by post-mortem observation of removed adhered particles and collected rebounded particles contact surfaces. Observations are correlated to interfacial pressure and temperature using FEM, otherwise impossible to measure in situ. The influence of pressure and its temporal evolution with particle deformation on melting and bonding is evaluated. Evidence of anisotropic particle deformation associated with microstructural orientation and grain geometrical features has been observed. Experimental evidence confirms that the particle south pole experiences restricted deformation as the original powder grain morphology was observed even after impact. Interfacial melt features have been detected and the melt zone generation, propagation, stagnation and regression tracked through FEM have shown important influence on single impact adhesion processes. Observed metallic bonding features and FEM indicate that increasing particle velocity, i.e., decreasing particle size, accelerates particle bonding processes to occur within tens of nanoseconds. Contact compressive pressure and interfacial expansion increase with particle increasing velocity and temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2-[(2-Hydroxyphenylimino)methyl]phenol (HL) and 1-[(2-hydroxyphenylimino)methyl]naphthalen-2-ol (HL) reacted with copper(II) acetate hydrate and sulfanilamide (Sf), sulfathiazole (Sf), sulfaethidole (Sf), sulfadiazine (Sf), and sulfadimidine (Sf) in ethanol to give mixed-ligand copper chelates with the composition Cu(Sf)(L) · n HO ( n = 1, 2). All these complexes are monomeric. Salicylaldehyde imines (HL and HL) behave as doubly deprotonated tridentate O,N,O ligands, whereas sulfanilamides (Sf) are unidentate ligands. Thermolysis of the synthesized complexes includes dehydration at 70–90°C, followed by complete thermal decomposition (290–380°C). The complexes [Cu(Sf)(L)] · 2HO and [Cu(Sf)(L)] · HO at a concentration of 10 M inhibited growth and reproduction of 100% of human myeloid leukemia cells (HL-60). The inhibitory effect was 90 and 75%, respectively, at a concentration of 10 M, whereas no antitumor activity was observed at a concentration of 10 M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In cold spray, the interactions between feedstock particles and propellant gas control deposition outcome. The particle impact temperature, along with impact velocity, governs the deposition due to its effect on the impact deformation processes. As bonding mechanisms rely primarily on the particle/substrate plastic flow upon impact, particle impact temperature holds a predominant role in process optimization. The current work studies the effect of pure aluminum particle impact temperature on deposition phenomena when propelled onto a hard steel substrate. Particle impact temperature was varied while achieving the same particle impact velocity, using low and high-pressure cold spray systems. Three different particle diameters are studied, with varying resulting inherent impact temperatures, to provide size dependent insight on deposition/adhesion. Experimental results demonstrate that at low particle impact temperature, i.e. 50 °C, coating adhesion is controlled by in-situ peening. Adhesion shifts to particle in-flight characteristics dependent bonding, i.e. η = V / V c , as particle temperature increases. At low particle impact temperatures, the coating bond strength increases with increasing in-situ impingement intensity and frequency, i.e. decreasing deposition efficiency with increasing particle size. At higher particle impact temperatures, in-situ peening rate decreases and the adhesion strength increases with decreasing particle size. In addition to affecting the impact process (DE, V c and adhesion), the particle impact temperature also influences the coating mechanical properties through the creation of temperature-dependent crack propagation mechanisms, i.e. deflection, bridging and acceleration, and of particle-particle structural arrangement related to deformation processes, i.e. fish scale effect and pseudo-plasticity behavior. • LPCS and HPCS systems are compared forthe same particle velocity and varying particle impact temperature (PIT) • The size dependent temperature study is investigated for three distinct narrow aluminum particle size distributions • Full impact characteristics of adhered particles are provided (spatial, temperature, velocity and size) • Peening and characteristic η factor explain the size and temperature dependent adhesion/cohesion • Deformation mechanism and crack propagation are affected by PIT [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Living continental shelf foraminifera were studied at three stations along a shore to open ocean transect between 39 and 69 m depth in the West-Gironde Mud Patch (WGMP) (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic). The aim of this work was to understand how the complex temporal variability of the environmental conditions (e.g., hydrosedimentary processes, sedimentary organic matter, oxygenation levels) controls foraminiferal ecological patterns (i.e., diversity, faunal composition, standing stock, and microhabitats). The WGMP was sampled during three different seasons (boreal summer – August 2017; winter – February 2018 and spring – April 2018), with very different meteorological patterns and benthic environmental conditions. The sedimentary facies at the shallowest station (Station 1, 39 m) varies significantly due to hydrometeorological constraints (strong storms and swells), which are extremely marked in late autumn and during the winter. The erosion of the sandy substrate by strong bottom currents and the deposition of a silty surface layer leads to the recorded spectacular drop in foraminiferal diversity and density recorded in February and April 2018. All foraminiferal species were affected by this hydrosedimentary instability, likely due to the partial destruction of their microhabitat by intense erosional and depositional processes. At the middle WGMP station (Station 2, 47 m), benthic fauna changed much more gradually. The sedimentary imprint of the spring phytoplankton bloom is clearly recorded in April 2018 with an increase in fresh and altered phytopigment content in surface sediments. Eggerelloides scaber , a deposit feeder and hypoxia-tolerant species, dominated the 2017 summer foraminiferal fauna but was gradually replaced by Ammonia falsobeccarii, a phytophagous taxon considered quite reactive to spring bloom inputs. At the distal WGMP (Station 4, 69 m), E. scaber and A. falsobeccarii were outcompeted and gradually replaced by Nonion faba and Nonionoides turgidus , both highly adaptable species able to settle down in surface and subsurface sediments during the spring bloom periods. Able to endure a range of microhabitats and food availability, there they rely on both fresh and altered phytodetritus. We propose a conceptual scheme summarizing the putative interconnexion between foraminiferal faunas, geochemistry and physics in the WGMP. • Seasonal variability of living benthic foraminifera is studied in the WGMP. • Hydrosedimentary processes and food availability control foraminiferal changes. • A conceptual scheme shows the interconnexion between foraminifera and biotopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies highlighted the occurrence of circular pools in intertidal flats of different coastal systems and their transient water chemistry over both tidal and diurnal cycles. However, little is known about (1) the response of benthic biogeochemical reactions and fluxes at the sediment-water interface over such short time scales, and (2) the role of these tidal pools in the biogeochemical functioning of coastal systems. Based on in situ microprofiles and water sampling, we investigated the dynamics of dissolved oxygen (O 2 ), nutrients, sulfides and metals, and the associated fluxes at the sediment-water interface in tidal pools from the Arcachon Bay (Atlantic coast of France). Our integrative approach included several tidal and diurnal cycles over two different seasons in the presence and absence of Zostera noltei . The results show that water temperature and light irradiance were the main factors driving the biogeochemical functioning of the tidal pools, as they controlled the physiological activity of the microphytobenthos. Changes in light radiations induced diurnal fluctuations of O 2 concentrations within surficial sediment, thus resulting in fluctuations of the O 2 diffusive fluxes at the sediment-water interface and of the O 2 penetration depth in sediment. At high tide, the increase in turbulence above the sediment induced the advection of oxygenated water within the first millimeters of sediment, resulting in a significant increase in porewater O 2 concentrations and sediment O 2 penetration depth. Porewater sulfide concentrations and apparition depth were concomitant with the O 2 dynamic over both diurnal and tidal cycles, indicating that intermediate redox diagenetic processes were impacted by O 2 dynamic over such short time-scale. The rapid changes in redox processes in the sediment column are confirmed by a significant flux of dissolved manganese toward the water column during nighttime. The consumption of nitrate and the release of ammonium and phosphate, associated to the mineralization of the organic matter in the surface sediment did not appeared related however to such short time cycles. The efflux of dissolved silica from the sediment was most likely associated with the enhanced dissolution of Si-bearing particles in surface sediment at higher temperatures, although silica uptake by Z. noltei was also noted. This study clearly shows that tidal pools function as natural incubators of transient biogeochemical processes. A rough assessment of the nutrient budget at the scale of the bay indicates the tidal pools may contribute significantly to the biogeochemical functioning of Arcachon Bay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and perfluorinated carboxylates and sulfonates (PFASs) are persistent pollutants in sediment that can potentially bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms. The current study investigates variation in the accumulation of PCBs and PFASs in laboratory-cultured Hexagenia spp., Lumbriculus variegatus and Pimephales promelas from contaminated field-collected sediment using 28-day tests. BSAF lipid (lipid-normalized biota-sediment accumulation factor) values for total concentration of PCBs were greater in Hexagenia spp. relative to L. variegatus and P. promelas . The distribution of congeners contributing to the total concentration of PCBs in tissue varied among the three species. Trichlorobiphenyl congeners composed the greatest proportion of the total concentration of PCBs in L. variegatus while tetra- and pentabiphenyl congeners dominated in Hexagenia spp. and P. promelas . Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was present in all three species at concentrations greater than all other PFASs analyzed. Hexagenia spp. also produced the greatest BSAF lipid and BSAF ww (non-lipid-normalized biota-sediment accumulation factor) values for PFOS relative to the other two species. However, this was not the case for all PFASs. The trend of BSAF values and number of carbon atoms in the perfluoroalkyl chain of perfluorinated carboxylates varied among the three species but was similar for perfluorinated sulfonates. Differences in the dominant pathways of exposure (e.g., water, sediment ingestion) likely explain a large proportion of the variation in accumulation observed across the three species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two crystal modifications of nitrato-{2-[2-(1-pyridine-2-ylethylidene)hydrazine]-1,3-benzothiazolo}aquacopper ( I and II) and two modifications of chloro-{2-[2-phenyl(pyridine-2-ylethylidene)hydrazine]-1,3-benzothiazolo}copper ( III and IV) have been synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction. In structures I and II, the copper atoms coordinate a monodeprotonated molecule of the organic ligand, nitrate ions, and a water molecule. In crystals of I, the complexes are monomeric, whereas complexes II are linked via nitrate ions to form polymeric chains. In both structures the coordination polyhedron of the copper atom can be described as a distorted tetragonal bipyramid-(4 + 1 + 1) in I and (4 + 2) in II. These coordination polyherdra have different compositions. In structures III and IV, the metal atoms coordinate a monodeprotonated {2-[2-phenyl(pyridine-2-ylethylidene)hydrazine]-1,3-benzothiazole molecule and chloride ions. In III the complex-forming ion has square-planar coordination geometry, whereas structure IV consists of centrosymmetric dimers with two bridging chlorine atoms. It was found that nitrato-{2-[2-(1-pyridine-2-ylethylidene)hydrazine]-1,3-benzothiazolo}aquacopper possesses antitumor activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Live (Rose Bengal stained) shelf foraminiferal faunas have been studied at seven stations located along a shore-open ocean transect between 39 and 69-m depth in the West-Gironde Mud Patch (WGMP) (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic) to understand how complex environmental conditions (e.g., organic matter, oxygenation, sedimentary facies) control their ecological patterns (i.e., diversity, faunal composition, standing stock, and microhabitats). To do so, the WGMP was sampled in August 2017, at the end of the succession of phytoplankton blooms occurring in spring and summer. This morpho-sedimentary unit is bathed by well-oxygenated bottom waters and characterized by clay-silt facies containing variably degraded phytodetritus and traces of terrestrial organic matter. Oxygen penetration depth within the sediment is less than 7 ± 3 mm, indicating efficient organic matter in-sediment mineralization by aerobic respiration. Foraminiferal richness (S) presents relatively moderate values ranging between 15 and 35 taxa. According to Shannon Index H', foraminiferal diversity tends to increase with water depth. Accordingly, the relative contribution of Eggerelloides scaber, the dominant foraminiferal species at all stations, decreases with increased depth and decreased proximity to the coast. The shallowest station (Station 1, 39 m), closest to the shore, is characterised by E. scaber, Quinqueloculina laevigata and Ammonia beccarii, species typical of inner-shelf environments constrained by high-energy hydrodynamics and river discharge. Surficial sediments at Station 1 constitute of winnowed sands depleted in organic carbon. Towards the centre of the WGMP, where clay-silt facies contain variably degraded marine phytodetritus and terrestrial organic compounds, foraminiferal faunas are characterized by Bulimina aculeata, Ammonia falsobeccarrii, Nouria polymorphinoides and Nonionoides turgidus. Yet E. scaber remains the most dominant taxon. Deeper stations (>55 m depth) located at the distal part of the mud patch are dominated by B. aculeata, A. falsobeccarrii, N. polymorphinoides and E. scaber. Accompanying these taxa are Bulimina marginata, Rectuvigerina phlegeri , Nonion faba and Paracassidulina neocarinata, which are typical of mid- and outer-shelf ecosystems enriched in sedimentary organic matter. • For the first time, living benthic foraminifera are studied in the WGMP. • Foraminiferal diversity tends to increase with water depth along the mud patch. • Hydro-sedimentary processes and food availability control foraminiferal faunas. • A foraminiferal continuum exists through the WGMP and the Grande Vasière. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

5-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde 4-(2-pyridyl) thiosemicarbazones ( I-III, respectively) were synthesized and their crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. All these molecules are almost planar. The presence of bulky substituents at the terminal nitrogen atoms of these molecules does not lead to changes in the conformation of the thiosemicarbazide moiety. Depending on the nature of substituents in the phenol rings, the crystals are composed of either centrosymmetric dimers ( I) or infinite chains ( II and III). In the concentration range of 10-10 mol/L, thiosemicarbazones I-III selectively inhibit the growth of human myeloid leukemia HL60 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The individual and cumulative effects of in situ pulsed laser ablation and continuous laser pre-heating on adhesion and cohesion strength of cold sprayed Ti-6Al-4V coatings are investigated. Laser beams were coupled to a cold spray gun in order to ablate and pre-heat the substrate surface a few milliseconds prior to the impact of the spray particles. Cohesion and adhesion strength were evaluated by scratch test, standard ASTM C633 pull test and laser shock (LASAT) technique. The effects of laser ablation before and during cold spray operations were investigated. Results demonstrate that laser ablation of the substrate before cold spraying led to a smooth surface which improved adhesion strength. However, when laser ablation was maintained throughout the cold spray process, i.e., in between the coating layers, a reduction of cohesion and adhesion was observed. These negative effects were circumvented when laser ablation and laser pre-heating were combined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2-Formylpyridine semicarbazone L reacts with cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc chlorides, nitrates and perchlorites to form coordination compounds of compositions ML2X2· nH2O (M=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; X = Cl, NO3, ClO4; L = NC5H4-CH=N-NH-C(O)-NH2; n = 0, 1) and CuLX2· nH2O (X = Cl, Br, NO3; n = 0−0.5). Complex CuL(NO3)2 has polynuclear, CuLX2·0.5H2O (X = Cl, Br), binuclear, and other compounds, mononuclear structures. Azomethine L behaves in them as tridental N,N,O-ligand. Thermolysis of these complexes proceeds through such stages as dehydration (80–95°C), deactivation (145–155°C) and complete theral degradation (170–590°C). Complexes CuLX2· nH2O (X = Cl, NO3; n = 0−0.5) were established to inhibit in vitro the growth and reproduction of 100% of cancer cells of human mieloid leukaemia HL-60 at 10−4 M concentration. At 10−5 M concentration they inhibit only 10% of cells, and at 10−6 M concentration they do not possess anticancer activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structures of chloro-(2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazono)copper dimethyl sulfoxide solvate ( I), bromo-(2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazono)copper ( II), and (2-formylpyridinethiosemicarbazono)copper(II) nitrate dimethyl sulfoxide solvate ( III) are determined using X-ray diffraction. In the crystals, complexes I and II form centrosymmetric dimers in which the thiosemicarbazone sulfur atom serves as a bridge and occupies the fifth coordination site of the copper atom of the neighboring complex related to the initial complex through the center of symmetry. In both cases, the coordination polyhedron of the complexing ion is a distorted tetragonal bipyramid. Complex III in the crystal structure forms polymer chains in which the copper atom of one complex forms the coordination bond with the thicarbamide nitrogen atom of the neighboring complex. In this structure, the coordination polyhedron of the central atom is an elongated tetragonal bipyramid. It is established that complexes I–III at a concentration of 10−5 mol/l selectively inhibit the growth of 60 to 90 percent of the cancer tumor cells of the human myeloid leukemia (HL-60). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of streptocide-, sulfacyl-, norsulfazole-, ethazole-, sulfadimezine-, and sulfapyridazine-containing copper(II) and nickel(II) salicylidenethiosemicarbazidates and salicylidene-4-phenilthiosemicarbazidates possessing high antimicrobial activity has been synthesized. The composition and probable structures of the obtained coordination compounds are proposed based on elemental analysis and magnetochemical, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric data. The dependence of the antimicrobial activity of compounds on the nature of the central atom, sulfanilamide, and phenyl radicals in the thiosemicarbazide fragment of azomethine has been studied with respect to ten species of staphylococcus, streptococcus, and intestine bacillus strains. The maximum activity was exhibited by norsulfazole-and sulfacyl-containing Cu(II) salicylidenethiosemicarbazidate and Cu(II) salicylidene-4-phenilthiosemicarbazidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isatin (L1) and N-methylisatin (L2) β-thiosemicarbazones react in ethanol with Cu(II) chloride and bromide in the presence of sulfanilamide (Streptocid, Sf1), N-acetylsulfanilamide (Sulfacyl, Sf2), Norsulfazole (Sf3), Aethazolum (Sf4), and Sulfadimesine (Sf5) to form coordination compounds Cu(Sf1–5)L1–2X2 · nH2O (X = Cl, Br; n = 2–5). All the complexes have a monomeric structure. Thiosemicarbazones L1 and L2 in these complexes are tridentate O,N,S ligands, and sulfanilamides Sf1–5 are monodentate ligands. Thermolysis of the substances involves the steps of dehydration (70–95°C) and complete decomposition (410–530°C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dynamic Cache is part of the IBM solution for improving performance of Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE™) applications running within WebSphere Application Server. It supports caching of Java™ servlets, JavaServer Pages™ (JSP™), WebSphere® command objects, Web services objects, and Java objects. This paper describes the techniques used by the Dynamic Cache for caching these objects and demonstrates the performance improvement gained by applying these techniques to a typical enterprise Web application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent multibeam bathymetry and acoustic imagery data provide a new understanding of the sedimentary system located in the Gulf of Cadiz which is under the influence of a strong current, the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). When it comes out from the Strait of Gibraltar, the MOW is either channelled along major or secondary channels, or spills over a sedimentary levee. Frequent earthquakes and the constant current shearing generate widespread sediment deformation and instability of contourite deposits. Secondary channels can form by retrogression following an initial failure. At their mouth, sediment accumulates in the form of small sandy contourite lobes. These observations suggest that the Gulf of Cadiz system shares many similarities with channel–levee complexes formed by turbidity current activity. The main difference is that, in the Gulf of Cadiz, the main process is a strongly flowing saline current which locally interacts with gravity processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed an apparatus that produces an ionized beam of mass selected clusters of controllable energy. It uses a pulse of second-harmonic light from a Nd:YAG laser to vaporize atoms from a target disk. The clustering rate of the atoms in this expanding plume is controlled with the pressure of a He pulse injected from a fast pulsed valve. A Wiley-McLaren type time-of-flight mass spectrometer with a shield lens is used to monitor the cluster distribution and to optimize the control parameters of the system. The shield lens doubles the resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrometer. A 4000 amu rf quadrupole with 1.2 amu resolution is used to select the mass of charged clusters. An electrostatic quadrupole is used to separate the charged clusters from the neutral clusters and the He gas. The ionized clusters are then focused onto a suitably prepared substrate by using electrostatic lenses. Time averaged deposition current densities on the order of 100 pA cm[sup -2] have been measured when the vaporization laser is fired at 10 Hz. The deposition energy of the clusters is controlled by applying a bias voltage to the substrate. A mobile vacuum chamber is used to transfer samples to various diagnostic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]