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The issues connected with the complex design of various facilities, including up-to-date boiler equipment as well as the ways of organizing the space around them, are the reasons why there is often a lack of room for mounting a flowmeter in accordance with the recommendations of manufacturers. In most cases the problem is associated with ensuring sufficient lengths of straight pipe leading into and out of a flowmeter. When this condition cannot be fulfilled, the uncertainty of measurement increases above the value guaranteed by the manufacturer of the flowmeter. This sort of operation problem has encouraged the authors of this paper to undertake research aimed at the analysis of applicability of averaging Pitot tubes in the areas of flow disturbance.

The research was carried out in the mechanical and biological wastewater treatment plant of the city of Prószków in Poland. There is a demand for heat for hot tap water, heating and technological purposes. There is no gas network in the town, therefore it is necessary either to install solid fuel boiler or electrical equipment to generate heat. Instead, a system based on a heat pump (HP) was proposed, which is a pro-ecological and pro-economical alternative. The research involved the measurements necessary to develop energy balances and collection of local climate data. As a result, possible heat from sewage was determined for an exemplary heating season. For the assumed calculation conditions, the maximum amount of heat is 346 kW of which 98% will be used for heating up the sequential biological reactor (SBR) and 2% will be used for social needs. The current SBR temperature in the winter period is 8°C, which significantly limits the process of biological treatment. The optimum temperature range of sewage in SBR is 15–25°C. Based on the collected data, the concept of a HP-based system for generating heat was developed to maintain the optimum temperature. Sewage is a very effective heat source for the HP. This ensures the highest coefficient of performance (COP).

The subject of the study is to analyze the phenomena of thermal flow in the precalcinator chamber of the exchanger's furnace tower including the combustion of coal dust and decarbonisation of raw lime powder. During the research were provided development of a mathematical model of particulate solid fuels combustion, calcining the raw material, NOx and COx formation. Moreover conducting the number for the current and the upgraded design of the precalcinator and analysis of the results. In this study, a mathematical model based on Euler's method to describe the motion of the gas phase and the Lagrange method to describe the motion of particles [1-4]. In the calculations there were assumed fractional particles raw material and fuel, and the following processes: flow of exhaust gases from the rotary kiln through the precalcinator chamber, heat exchange between the particles of raw material and exhaust gases, the additional fuel combustion in the precalcinator, the process of raw material calcination, transformation of gaseous substances, effect of the additional (tertiary) air delivery on the processes in the chamber.