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5. First heat flux estimation in the lower divertor of WEST with embedded thermal measurements

Author

Gaspar, J., Corre, Y., Firdaouss, M., Gardarein, J., Gerardin, J., Gunn, J., Houry, M., Laffont, G., Loarer, T., Missirlian, M., Morales, J., Moreau, P., Pocheau, C., Tsitrone, E., and Team, West

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Classical Physics
Abstract

The present paper deals with the surface heat flux estimation with thermocouples (TC) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) embedded in the plasma facing components (PFC) of the WEST tokamak. A 2D heat transfer model combined with the conjugate gradient method (CGM) and the adjoint state is used to estimate the plasma heat flux deposited on the PFC. The plasma heat flux is characterized by the time evolution of its amplitude and spatial shape on the target (heat flux decay length $\lambda^t_q$, power spreading in the private flux region $S^t$ and the strike point location $x_0$). As a first step, five ohmic pulses have been investigated with different magnetic configuration and divertor X-point height varying from 44 to 68 mm from the surface. Despite an outboard shift, the relative displacements of the outer strike point as well as the heat flux decay length derived from the TC/FBG systems are consistent with the magnetic equilibrium reconstruction., Comment: Fusion Engineering and Design, Elsevier, 2019

Published
2019

17. Emissivity measurement of the ITER-like plasma facing components of the WEST phase 2: Pre-exposure measurements and first WEST exposure

Author

Gaspar, J., primary, Rigollet, F., additional, Ehret, N., additional, Anquetin, Y., additional, Bernard, E., additional, Corre, Y., additional, Diez, M., additional, Firdaouss, M., additional, Houry, M., additional, Loarer, T., additional, Martin, C., additional, Missirlian, M., additional, Moreau, P., additional, Pocheau, C., additional, Reihlac, P., additional, Richou, M., additional, and Tsitrone, E., additional

Published
2022
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18. Overview of the emissivity measurements performed in WEST: in situ and post-mortem observations

Author

Gaspar, J., primary, Corre, Y., additional, Rigollet, F., additional, Aumeunier, M.-H., additional, Bernard, E., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Courtois, X., additional, Dejarnac, R., additional, Diez, M., additional, Dubus, L., additional, Ehret, N., additional, Fedorczak, N., additional, Firdaouss, M., additional, Houry, M., additional, Le Bohec, M., additional, Loarer, T., additional, Martin, C., additional, Moncada, V., additional, Moreau, P., additional, Pocheau, C., additional, Reilhac, P., additional, Tsitrone, E., additional, and WEST Team, the, additional

Published
2022
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20. Operating a full tungsten actively cooled tokamak: overview of WEST first phase of operation

Author

Bucalossi, J., Achard, J., Agullo, O., Alarcon, T., Allegretti, L., Ancher, H., Antar, G., Antusch, S., Anzallo, V., Arnas, C., Arranger, D., Artaud, J. F., Aumeunier, M. H., Baek, S. G., Bai, X., Balbin, J., Balorin, C., Barbui, T., Barbuti, A., Barlerin, J., Basiuk, V., Batal, T., Baulaigue, O., Bec, A., Bécoulet, M., Benoit, E., Benard, E., Benard, J. M., Bertelli, N., Bertrand, E., Beyer, P., Bielecki, J., Bienvenu, P., Bisson, R., Bobkov, V., Bodner, G., Bottereau, C., Bouchand, C., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Bourg, J., Brezinsek, S., Brochard, F., Brun, C., Bruno, V., Bufferand, H., Bureau, A., Burles, S., Camenen, Y., Cantone, B., Caprin, E., Carpentier, S., Caulier, G., Chanet, N., Chellai, O., Chen, Y., Chernyshova, M., Chmielewski, P., Choe, W., Chomiczewska, A., Ciraolo, G., Clairet, F., Coenen, J., Colas, L., Colledani, G., Colnel, J., Coquillat, P., Corbel, E., Corre, Y., Costea, S., Courtois, X., Czarski, T., Daniel, R., Daumas, J., De Combarieu, M., Temmerman, G., De, De Vries, P., Dechelle, C., Deguara, F., Dejarnac, R., Delaplanche, J. M., Delgado-Aparicio, L. F., Delmas, E., Delpech, L., Desgranges, C., Devynck, P., Di Genova, S., Diab, R., Diallo, A., Diez, M., Dif-Pradalier, G., Dimitrova, M., Ding, B., Dittmar, T., Doceul, L., Domenes, M., Douai, D., Dougnac, H., Duan, X., Dubus, L., Dumas, N., Dumont, R., Durand, F., Durif, A., Durocher, A., Durodié, F., Ekedahl, A., Elbeze, D., Ertmer, S., Escarguel, A., Escourbiac, F., Ezato, K., Faisse, F., Faure, N., Fedorczak, N., Fejoz, P., Fenzi-Bonizec, C., Ferlay, F., Firdaouss, M., Fleury, L., Flouquet, D., Gallo, A., Gao, Y., Garbet, X., Garcia, J., Gardarein, J. L., Gargiulo, L., Garibaldi, P., Garitta, S., Gaspar, J., Gauthier, E., Gavila, P., Gazzotti, S., Gely, F., Geynet, M., Gharafi, S., Ghendrih, P., Giacalone, I., Gil, C., Ginoux, S., Girard, S., Giroux, E., Giruzzi, G., Goletto, C., Goniche, M., Gray, T., Grelier, E., Greuner, H., Grigore, E., Grisolia, C., Grosjean, A., Grosman, A., Guibert, D., Guilhem, D., Guillemaut, C., Guillermin, B., Guirlet, R., Gunn, J. P., Gunsu, Y., Gyergyek, T., Hakola, A., Harris, J., Hatchressian, J. C., Helou, W., Hennequin, P., Hernandez, C., Hill, K., Hillairet, J., Hirai, T., Hoang, G. T., Houry, M., Hutter, T., Imbeaux, F., Imbert, N., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Jalageas, R., Jardin, A., Jaubert, L., Jiolat, G., Jonas, A., Joubert, P., Kirschner, A., Klepper, C., Komm, M., Koubiti, M., Kovacic, J., Kozeiha, M., Krieger, K., Krol, K., Lacroix, B., Laguardia, L., Lamaison, V., Laqua, H., Lau, C., Lausenaz, Y., Lé, R., Le Bohec, M., Lefevre, N., Lemoine, N., Lerche, E., Lewerentz, M., Li, Y., Li, M., Liang, A., Linczuk, P., Linsmeier, C., Lipa, M., Litaudon, X., Liu, X., Llorens, J., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Loewenhoff, T., Lombard, G., Lore, J., Lorenzetto, P., Lotte, P., Lozano, M., Lu, B., Lunsford, R., Luo, G., Magaud, P., Maget, P., Mahieu, J. F., Maini, P., Malard, P., Malinowski, K., Manas, P., Manenc, L., Marandet, Y., Marechal, J. L., Marek, S., Martin, C., Martin, E., Martinez, A., Martino, P., Mazon, D., Messina, P., Meunier, L., Midou, D., Mineo, Y., Missilian, M., Mitteau, R., Mitu, B., Mollard, P., Moncada, V., Mondiere, T., Morales, J., Moreau, M., Moreau, P., Moudden, Y., Moureau, G., Mouyon, D., Muraglia, M., Nagy, A., Nakano, T., Nardon, E., Neff, A., Nespoli, F., Nichols, J., Nicollet, S., Nouailletas, R., Ono, M., Ostuni, V., Parish, C., Park, H., Parrat, H., Pascal, J. Y., Pégourié, B., Pellissier, F. P., Peneliau, Y., Peret, M., Peysson, Y., Pignoly, E., Pintsuk, G., Pitts, R., Pocheau, C., Portafaix, C., Poulos, M., Prochet, P., Puig Sitjes, A., Rasinski, M., Raup, G., Regal-Mezin, X., Reux, C., Riccardi, B., Rice, J., Richou, M., Rigollet, F., Roche, H., Romazanov, J., Ruset, C., Sabot, R., Saille, A., Sakamoto, R., Salmon, T., Samaille, F., Santagiustina, A., Santraine, B., Sarazin, Y., Serre, E., Shin, H., Shiraiwai, S., Signoret, Ja., Signoret, Je., Simonin, A., Skalli Fettachi, O., Song, Y., Spring, A., Spuig, P., Sridhar, S., Stratton, B., Talatizi, C., Tamain, P., Tatali, R., Téna, M., Torre, A., Toulouse, L., Travère, J. M., Treutterer, W., Tsitrone, E., Unterberg, E., Urbanczyk, G., Van Eester, D., Van Rooij, G., Vartanian, S., Verger, J. M., Vermare, L., Vézinet, D., Vignal, N., Vincent, B., Vives, S., Volpe, D., Wallace, G., Wang, E., Wang, L., Wang, Yi., Wang, Yo., Wauters, T., Wirth, B., Wirtz, M., Wojenski, A., Wright, J., Xu, M., Yang, Q., Yang, H., Zago, B., Zagorski, Zhang, B., Zhang, X., Zou, X., Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Materials science, WEST, Nuclear engineering, Phase (waves), chemistry.chemical_element, Tungsten, law.invention, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], law, ITER, divertor, DEMO, Engineering & allied operations, nuclear fusion, Superconductivity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Divertor, RF power amplifier, magnetic confinement, Plasma, Condensed Matter Physics, chemistry, Heat flux, ddc:620, tokamak physics
Abstract

WEST is an MA class superconducting, actively cooled, full tungsten (W) tokamak, designed to operate in long pulses up to 1000 s. In support of ITER operation and DEMO conceptual activities, key missions of WEST are: (i) qualification of high heat flux plasma-facing components in integrating both technological and physics aspects in relevant heat and particle exhaust conditions, particularly for the tungsten monoblocks foreseen in ITER divertor; (ii) integrated steady-state operation at high confinement, with a focus on power exhaust issues. During the phase 1 of operation (2017–2020), a set of actively cooled ITER-grade plasma facing unit prototypes was integrated into the inertially cooled W coated startup lower divertor. Up to 8.8 MW of RF power has been coupled to the plasma and divertor heat flux of up to 6 MW m−2 were reached. Long pulse operation was started, using the upper actively cooled divertor, with a discharge of about 1 min achieved. This paper gives an overview of the results achieved in phase 1. Perspectives for phase 2, operating with the full capability of the device with the complete ITER-grade actively cooled lower divertor, are also described.

Published
2022
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23. Concept and development of ITER divertor thermography diagnostic

Author

Reichle, R., Andrew, Ph., Balorin, C., Brichard, B., Carpentier, S., Corre, Y., Davi, M., Daviot, R., Desgranges, C., Gardarein, J.L., Gauthier, E., Guilhem, D., Gicquel, S., Herrmann, A., Hernandez, D., Jouve, M., Le Niliot, Ch., Loarer, Th., Martin, A., Martins, J.P., Migozzi, J.-B., Patterlini, J.P., Pocheau, C., Rigollet, F., Roche, H., and Travere, J.M.

Published
2009
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25. Sustained W-melting experiments on actively cooled ITER-like plasma facing unit in WEST

Author

Corre, Y, primary, Grosjean, A, additional, Gunn, J P, additional, Krieger, K, additional, Ratynskaia, S, additional, Skalli-Fettachi, O, additional, Bourdelle, C, additional, Brezinsek, S, additional, Bruno, V, additional, Chanet, N, additional, Coenen, J, additional, Courtois, X, additional, Dejarnac, R, additional, Delmas, E, additional, Delpech, L, additional, Desgranges, C, additional, Diez, M, additional, Dubus, L, additional, Durif, A, additional, Ekedahl, A, additional, Fedorczak, N, additional, Firdaouss, M, additional, Gardarein, J-L, additional, Gaspar, J, additional, Gerardin, J, additional, Guillemaut, C, additional, Houry, M, additional, Loarer, T, additional, Maget, P, additional, Mandelbaum, P, additional, Mitteau, R, additional, Missirlian, M, additional, Moreau, P, additional, Nouailletas, R, additional, Nardon, E, additional, Pocheau, C, additional, Podolnik, A, additional, Reilhac, P, additional, Regal-Mezin, X, additional, Reux, C, additional, Richou, M, additional, Rigollet, F, additional, Schwob, J-L, additional, Thorén, E, additional, Tolias, P, additional, and Tsitrone, E, additional

Published
2021
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26. Integration of laser techniques in a remote-handled system for Tokamak using and dust managementplasma diagnost

Author

Hernandez, C., Roche, H., Pocheau, C., Naiim-Habib, M., Patterlini, J.-C., Sibois, R., Lapeyre, M., Grisolia, C., and Doceul, L.

Subjects
Aerosols -- Usage, Breakdown (Electricity) -- Analysis, Lasers -- Usage, Plasma diagnostics -- Analysis, Radioactive wastes -- Waste management, Tokamaks -- Design and construction, Lasers in plasma diagnostics -- Usage, Laser, Business, Chemistry, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Published
2010

31. An ITER Challenge Absolute surface temperature measurements of low and varying emissivity tungsten plasma facing components

Author

Guilhem, D., Gaspar, J., Pocheau, C., Corre, Y., Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut universitaire des systèmes thermiques industriels (IUSTI), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and GASPAR, Jonathan

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Plasma Facing Unit (PFU), Bicolor, ITER, Emissivity, Temperature, Tungsten, [PHYS] Physics [physics]
Abstract

International audience; One of the challenges that ITER will face during plasma operation is the absolute divertor surface temperature determination of actively water cooled (70 °C, 3 MPa) tungsten Plasma Facing Units (PFU) to ensure their integrity. The expected steady state heat flux up to 10 MW/m² is close to the operational limit and so one of the goals of the thermographic system is to make reliable measurements (wavelength band: 3.5µm to 4.5µm) with relatively low error bars to avoid tungsten melting and material damages. The tungsten emissivity is low and dependent on wavelength, temperature, surface state (roughness, cracks, oxidation, and erosion/deposition processes) which can evolve during time along plasma operation. An error on the absolute emissivity can lead to large absolute temperature errors, and consequently to either a reduction of the operational window to fulfil safety limits, or an increase risk regarding the integrity of the components. For the past years, a number of emissivity measurements have been performed with ITER like PFU mock-ups made of different grade of tungsten, with different techniques, from different material makers, and from different manufacturers. The overall emissivity discrepancy is large, indicating that tungsten emissivity is a major issue for temperature measurement and wall protection. The accuracy on the temperature measurement is investigated for both monocolor and bicolor IR thermography techniques. We present laboratory tests performed with IR camera equipped with a rotating filter wheel for bicolor temperature measurement. It shows that the bicolor technique can reach high precision T/T < 10% at high temperature assuming the emissivity ratio is constant regarding the two selected wavelengths.

Published
2019

34. Divertor power loads and scrape off layer width in the large aspect ratio full tungsten tokamak WEST.

Author

Gaspar, J., Corre, Y., Fedorczak, N., Gunn, J.P., Bourdelle, C., Brezinsek, S., Bucalossi, J., Chanet, N., Dejarnac, R., Firdaouss, M., Gardarein, J.-L., Laffont, G., Loarer, T., Pocheau, C., Tsitrone, E., and Team, the WEST

Subjects
FUSION reactor divertors, TOKAMAKS, HEAT flux, HEATING load, BRAGG gratings, LANGMUIR probes, STELLARATORS
Abstract

WEST is a full W tokamak with an extensive set of diagnostics for heat load measurements especially in the lower divertor. It is composed by infrared thermography, thermal measurement with thermocouples and fibre Bragg grating embedded few mm below the surface and flush mounted Langmuir probes. A large database including different magnetic equilibrium and input power is investigated to compare the heat load pattern (location, amplitude of the peak and heat flux decay length) on the inner and outer strike point regions: from the first ohmic diverted plasma (obtained during the second experimental campaign C2 in 2018) up to the high power (8 MW total injected) and high energy (up to 90 MJ injected energy in lower single null configuration) experiments performed in the last experimental campaign (C4 in 2019). Concerning the peak location, a good agreement (<1 cm) is obtained between thermal inversions and flush-mounted LP measurements. The peak heat flux from the whole set of diagnostics is in good agreement and mainly in the ±20% range, while the heat flux decay length reported on the target shows significant discrepancy between diagnostics and location in the machine (±40% range). Despite such discrepancy, heat flux decay length at target is found to scale mainly with the magnetic flux expansion through the variation of the X-point height, as expected. The improved plasma performances achieved during C4 enabled to reach significant heat load in the divertor, up to 6 MW m−2 with 4 MW of additional heating power showing the capability to reach the ITER relevant heat load (10 MW m−2 steady state) with about 7 MW of additional power in L-mode discharge. The heat load distribution is clearly asymmetric with a 3/4 and 1/4 distribution on the outer and inner strike point region respectively for the parallel heat flux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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37. Progresses on WEST Platform Construction towards First Plasmas

Author

Bucalossi, J., Missirlian, M., Moreau, P., Samaille, F., Tsitrone, E., Alarcon, T., Antusch, S., Aumenier, M., Balme, S., Batal, T., Bernard, J., Bouquey, F., Bourdelle, C., Bremond, S., Brezinsek, S., Brun, C., Bufferand, H., Camenen, Y., Cantone, B., Chantant, M., Chernyshova, M., Ciraolo, G., Colledani, G., Colnel, J., Corbel, E., Corre, Y., Courtois, X., Daniel, R., Daudel, T., Dejarnac, R., Delmas, E., Delpech, L., Desgranges, C., Doceul, L., Douai, D., Dougnac, H., Ekedahl, A., Elbeze, D., Escarguel, A., Escourbiac, F., Ezato, K., Faisse, F., Fenzi, C., Ferlay, F., Firdaouss, M., Gardarein, J., Gargiulo, L., Gaspar, J., Gavila, P., Gazzotti, S., Giacalone, J., Gil, C., Grigore, E., Guilhem, D., Gunn, J., Hakola, A., Hatchressian, J., Helou, W., Hennequin, P., Hernandez, C., Houry, M., Jouve, M., Klepper, C., Laffont, G., Languille, P., Larroque, S., Li, Q., Linke, J., Lipa, M., Lotte, P., Luo, G., Marandet, Y., Martin, C., Martinez, A., Mazon, D., Meyer, O., Mollard, P., Nardon, E., Nouailletas, R., Park, H., Pascal, J., Pegourie, B., Pitts, R., Pocheau, C., Poli, S., Ravenel, N., Riccardi, B., Richou, M., Rieth, M., Roche, H., Ruset, C., Sabathier, F., Saille, A., Saint-Laurent, F., Santraine, B., Seki, Y., Sestak, D., Signoret, J., Soler, B., Suzuki, S., Thouvenin, D., Toulouse, L., Travere, J., Treutterer, W., Vartanian, S., Verger, J., Vermare, L., Vignal, N., Wang, Y., Werner, A., Yang, Q., Zago, B., Zhao, W., Zhong, G., and WEST Team

Published
2018

38. First analysis of the misaligned leading edges of ITER-like plasma facing units using a very high resolution infrared camera in WEST.

Author

Grosjean, A., Corre, Y., Dejarnac, R., Gaspar, J., Gunn, J. P., Carpentier-Chouchana, S., Courtois, X., Delmas, E., De Temmerman, G., Diez, M., Dubus, L., Durocher, A., Escourbiac, F., Firdaouss, M., Gerardin, J., Houry, M., Pitts, R.A., Pocheau, C., Tsitrone, E., and team, the WEST

Subjects
PLASMA boundary layers, INFRARED cameras, FIBER Bragg gratings, HEAT flux, MAGNETIC flux, MAGNETIC fields
Abstract

Twelve ITER-like plasma-facing units made of tungsten were exposed in the WEST tokamak divertor, with three plasma-facing units (PFUs) significantly overexposed to plasma heat flux: one sharp-edged PFU (vertical misalignment h = 0.8 mm) and two chamfered PFUs (h =0.6 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively). This paper describes the first temperature analysis obtained with a very high spatial resolution infrared camera (pixel size ∼ 0.1 mm) on the misaligned PFU edges and shows the consistency obtained on the parallel heat flux derived from these measurements. The analysis is focused on the hottest areas of the PFU misaligned leading edges, since the temperature detection threshold of the VHR camera is high (Tthreshold,BB ≈ 370 °C). The heat flux parallel to the magnetic field lines is assessed by matching the toroidal temperature profile in the vicinity of the leading edge with 3D finite element modelling. The tungsten emissivity assumed in this study is 0.6, which is consistent with laboratory measurements for damaged PFUs. For the three PFUs studied (with different vertical misalignments, incident angles, geometries), the derived parallel heat flux is similar, and consistent with independent measurements by a Fiber Bragg grating embedded in a graphite PFU at another toroidal location, giving confidence in future experiments using the same settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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42. IN SITU TRITIUM MEASUREMENTS AND CONTROL BY LASER TECHNIQUES

Author

Mercadier, L., Grisolia, C., Roche, H., Semerok, A., Hermann, J., Pocheau, C., Thro, P. -Y, Jean-Baptiste Sirven, Weulersse, J. -M, Mauchien, P., MSentis, Département de Recherche sur la Fusion Contrôlée (DRFC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'Interaction Laser Matière (LILM), Département de Physico-Chimie (DPC), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Lasers, Plasmas et Procédés photoniques (LP3), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, in situ tritium measurements and control by laser techniques are presented. It is proposed to use Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) as an efficient technique to measure the tritium concentration in ablated material. However, LIBS could be limited due to material melting observed during ablation possibly leading to hydrogen losses. Laser ablation is shown to be an efficient process to recover the in vessel tritium if the dust produced during ablation is collected. This could be forbidden if ITER cannot be operated at high pressure. To overcome this difficulty and detritiate remote surfaces, laser heating could be applied since it generates gaseous compounds. However, inward diffusion could be expected leading to burry tritium in bulk material which is a counterproductive action. Finally, all these techniques must be embarked on remote handling system in order to explore and treat large surfaces. Obviously, this carrier is needed for a reliable and an efficient operation of the ITER nuclear facility.

Published
2011

44. Gamma-irradiation tests of IR optical fibres for ITER thermography – a case study

Author

Reichle, R., Brichard, B., Pocheau, C., Jouve, M., Ierschot, S., Martinez, S., Ooms, H., Francis Berghmans, Decreton, M., and Brussels Photonics Team

Subjects
PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS, TORE-SUPRA, ABSORPTION
Abstract

In the course of the development of a concept for a spectrally resolving infrared thermography diagnostic for the ITER divertor we have tested 3 types of infrared (IR) fibres in Co-60 irradiation facilities under gamma irradiation. The fibres were ZrF4 (and HfF4) fibres from different manufacturers, hollow fibres (silica capillaries with internal Ag/AgJ coating) and a sapphire fibre. For the IR range, only the latter fibre type encourages to go further for neutron tests in a reactor. If one restricted the interest onto the near infrared range, high purity core silica fibres could be used. This study might be seen as a typical example of the relation between diagnostic development for a nuclear environment and irradiation experiments.

Published
2008

46. Science and technology research and development in support to ITER and the Broader Approach at CEA

Author

Bécoulet, A., primary, Hoang, G.T., additional, Abiteboul, J., additional, Achard, J., additional, Alarcon, T., additional, Alba-Duran, J., additional, Allegretti, L., additional, Allfrey, S., additional, Amiel, S., additional, Ané, J.M., additional, Aniel, T., additional, Antar, G., additional, Argouarch, A., additional, Armitano, A., additional, Arnaud, J., additional, Arranger, D., additional, Artaud, J.F., additional, Audisio, D., additional, Aumeunier, M., additional, Autissier, E., additional, Azcona, L., additional, Back, A., additional, Bahat, A., additional, Bai, X., additional, Baiocchi, B., additional, Balaguer, D., additional, Balme, S., additional, Balorin, C., additional, Barana, O., additional, Barbier, D., additional, Barbuti, A., additional, Basiuk, V., additional, Baulaigue, O., additional, Bayetti, P., additional, Baylard, C., additional, Beaufils, S., additional, Beaute, A., additional, Bécoulet, M., additional, Bej, Z., additional, Benkadda, S., additional, Benoit, F., additional, Berger-By, G., additional, Bernard, J.M., additional, Berne, A., additional, Bertrand, B., additional, Bertrand, E., additional, Beyer, P., additional, Bigand, A., additional, Bonhomme, G., additional, Borel, G., additional, Boron, A., additional, Bottereau, C., additional, Bottollier-Curtet, H., additional, Bouchand, C., additional, Bouquey, F., additional, Bourdelle, C., additional, Bourg, J., additional, Bourmaud, S., additional, Brémond, S., additional, Bribiesca Argomedo, F., additional, Brieu, M., additional, Brun, C., additional, Bruno, V., additional, Bucalossi, J., additional, Bufferand, H., additional, Buravand, Y., additional, Cai, L., additional, Cantone, V., additional, Cantone, B., additional, Caprin, E., additional, Cartier-Michaud, T., additional, Castagliolo, A., additional, Belo, J., additional, Catherine-Dumont, V., additional, Caulier, G., additional, Chaix, J., additional, Chantant, M., additional, Chatelier, M., additional, Chauvin, D., additional, Chenevois, J., additional, Chouli, B., additional, Christin, L., additional, Ciazynski, D., additional, Ciraolo, G., additional, Clairet, F., additional, Clapier, R., additional, Cloez, H., additional, Coatanea-Gouachet, M., additional, Colas, L., additional, Colledani, G., additional, Commin, L., additional, Coquillat, P., additional, Corbel, E., additional, Corre, Y., additional, Cottet, J., additional, Cottier, P., additional, Courtois, X., additional, Crest, I., additional, Dachicourt, R., additional, Dapena Febrer, M., additional, Daumas, C., additional, de Esch, H.P.L., additional, De Gentile, B., additional, Dechelle, C., additional, Decker, J., additional, Decool, P., additional, Deghaye, V., additional, Delaplanche, J., additional, Delchambre-Demoncheaux, E., additional, Delpech, L., additional, Desgranges, C., additional, Devynck, P., additional, Dias Pereira Bernardo, J., additional, Dif-Pradalier, G., additional, Doceul, L., additional, Dong, Y., additional, Douai, D., additional, Dougnac, H., additional, Dubuit, N., additional, Duchateau, J.-L., additional, Ducobu, L., additional, Dugue, B., additional, Dumas, N., additional, Dumont, R., additional, Durocher, A., additional, Duthoit, F., additional, Ekedahl, A., additional, Elbeze, D., additional, Escarguel, A., additional, Escop, J., additional, Faïsse, F., additional, Falchetto, G., additional, Farjon, J., additional, Faury, M., additional, Fedorzack, N., additional, Féjoz, P., additional, Fenzi, C., additional, Ferlay, F., additional, Fiet, P., additional, Firdaouss, M., additional, Francisquez, M., additional, Franel, B., additional, Frauche, J., additional, Frauel, Y., additional, Futtersack, R., additional, Garbet, X., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Gardarein, J., additional, Gargiulo, L., additional, Garibaldi, P., additional, Garin, P., additional, Garnier, D., additional, Gauthier, E., additional, Gaye, O., additional, Geraud, A., additional, Gerome, M., additional, Gervaise, V., additional, Geynet, M., additional, Ghendrih, P., additional, Giacalone, I., additional, Gibert, S., additional, Gil, C., additional, Ginoux, S., additional, Giovannangelo, L., additional, Girard, S., additional, Giruzzi, G., additional, Goletto, C., additional, Goncalves, R., additional, Gonde, R., additional, Goniche, M., additional, Goswami, R., additional, Grand, C., additional, Grandgirard, V., additional, Gravil, B., additional, Grisolia, C., additional, Gros, G., additional, Grosman, A., additional, Guigue, J., additional, Guilhem, D., additional, Guillemaut, C., additional, Guillerminet, B., additional, Guimaraes Filho, Z., additional, Guirlet, R., additional, Gunn, J. P., additional, Gurcan, O., additional, Guzman, F., additional, Hacquin, S., additional, Hariri, F., additional, Hasenbeck, F., additional, Hatchressian, J.C., additional, Hennequin, P., additional, Hernandez, C., additional, Hertout, P., additional, Heuraux, S., additional, Hillairet, J., additional, Honore, C., additional, Hornung, G., additional, Houry, M., additional, Hunstad, I., additional, Hutter, T., additional, Huynh, P., additional, Icard, V., additional, Imbeaux, F., additional, Irishkin, M., additional, Isoardi, L., additional, Jacquinot, J., additional, Jacquot, J., additional, Jiolat, G., additional, Joanny, M., additional, Joffrin, E., additional, Johner, J., additional, Joubert, P., additional, Jourd'Heuil, L., additional, Jouve, M., additional, Junique, C., additional, Keller, D., additional, Klepper, C., additional, Kogut, D., additional, Kubič, M., additional, Labassé, F., additional, Lacroix, B., additional, Lallier, Y., additional, Lamaison, V., additional, Lambert, R., additional, Larroque, S., additional, Latu, G., additional, Lausenaz, Y., additional, Laviron, C., additional, Le, R., additional, Le Luyer, A., additional, Le Niliot, C., additional, Le Tonqueze, Y., additional, Lebourg, P., additional, Lefevre, T., additional, Leroux, F., additional, Letellier, L., additional, Li, Y., additional, Lipa, M., additional, Lister, J., additional, Litaudon, X., additional, Liu, F., additional, Loarer, T., additional, Lombard, G., additional, Lotte, P., additional, Lozano, M., additional, Lucas, J., additional, Lütjens, H., additional, Magaud, P., additional, Maget, P., additional, Magne, R., additional, Mahieu, J.-F., additional, Maini, P., additional, Malard, P., additional, Manenc, L., additional, Marandet, Y., additional, Marbach, G., additional, Marechal, J.-L., additional, Marfisi, L., additional, Marle, M., additional, Martin, C., additional, Martin, V., additional, Martin, G., additional, Martinez, A., additional, Martino, P., additional, Masset, R., additional, Mazon, D., additional, Mellet, N., additional, Mercadier, L., additional, Merle, A., additional, Meshcheriakov, D., additional, Messina, P., additional, Meyer, O., additional, Millon, L., additional, Missirlian, M., additional, Moerel, J., additional, Molina, D., additional, Mollard, P., additional, Moncada, V., additional, Monier-Garbet, P., additional, Moreau, D., additional, Moreau, M., additional, Moreau, P., additional, Morel, P., additional, Moriyama, T., additional, Motassim, Y., additional, Mougeolle, G., additional, Moulton, D., additional, Moureau, G., additional, Mouyon, D., additional, Naim Habib, M., additional, Nardon, E., additional, Négrier, V., additional, Nemeth, J., additional, Nguyen, C., additional, Nguyen, M., additional, Nicolas, L., additional, Nicolas, T., additional, Nicollet, S., additional, Nilsson, E., additional, N'Konga, B., additional, Noel, F., additional, Nooman, A., additional, Norscini, C., additional, Nouailletas, R., additional, Oddon, P., additional, Ohsako, T., additional, Orain, F., additional, Ottaviani, M., additional, Pagano, M., additional, Palermo, F., additional, Panayotis, S., additional, Parrat, H., additional, Pascal, J.-Y., additional, Passeron, C., additional, Pastor, P., additional, Patterlini, J., additional, Pavy, K., additional, Pecquet, A.-L., additional, Pégourié, B., additional, Peinturier, C., additional, Pelletier, T., additional, Peluso, B., additional, Petrzilka, V., additional, Peysson, Y., additional, Pignoly, E., additional, Pirola, R., additional, Pocheau, C., additional, Poitevin, E., additional, Poli, V., additional, Poli, S., additional, Pompon, F., additional, Porchy, I., additional, Portafaix, C., additional, Preynas, M., additional, Prochet, P., additional, Prou, M., additional, Ratnani, A., additional, Raulin, D., additional, Ravenel, N., additional, Renard, S., additional, Ricaud, B., additional, Richou, M., additional, Ritz, G., additional, Roche, H., additional, Roubin, P., additional, Roux, C., additional, Ruiz, K., additional, Sabathier, F., additional, Sabot, R., additional, Saille, A., additional, Saint-Laurent, F., additional, Sakamoto, R., additional, Salasca, S., additional, Salmon, T., additional, Samaille, F., additional, Sanchez, S., additional, Santagiustina, A., additional, Saoutic, B., additional, Sarazin, Y., additional, Sardain, P., additional, Schlosser, J., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Schwob, J., additional, Segui, J., additional, Seguin, N., additional, Selig, G., additional, Serret, D., additional, Signoret, J., additional, Simonin, A., additional, Soldaini, M., additional, Soler, B., additional, Soltane, C., additional, Song, S., additional, Sourbier, F., additional, Sparagna, J., additional, Spitz, P., additional, Spuig, P., additional, Storelli, A., additional, Strugarek, A., additional, Tamain, P., additional, Tena, M., additional, Theis, J., additional, Thomine, O., additional, Thouvenin, D., additional, Torre, A., additional, Toulouse, L., additional, Travère, J., additional, Tsitrone, E., additional, Turck, B., additional, Urban, J., additional, Vallet, J.-C., additional, Vallory, J., additional, Valognes, A., additional, Van Helvoirt, J., additional, Vartanian, S., additional, Verger, J.-M., additional, Vermare, L., additional, Vermare, C., additional, Vezinet, D., additional, Vicente, K., additional, Vidal, J., additional, Vignal, N., additional, Vigne, T., additional, Villecroze, F., additional, Villedieu, E., additional, Vincent, B., additional, Volpe, B., additional, Volpe, D., additional, Volpe, R., additional, Wagrez, J., additional, Wang, H., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Wintersdorff, O., additional, Wittebol, E., additional, Zago, B., additional, Zani, L., additional, Zarzoso, D., additional, Zhang, Y., additional, Zhong, W., additional, and Zou, X.L., additional

Published
2013
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