Author: "Plymouth University" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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2,568 results on '"Plymouth University"'

1. Preventing Relapse to Smoking Among Prisoners After Release (PROSPER)

Author: Her Majesty's Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS), Public Health England, Cancer Research UK, and Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine & Dentistry (PUPSMD)
Published: 2024

2. Do Good Non-Technical Skills Correlate With Good Clinical Outcomes in Endoscopy?

Author: Torbay and South Devon NHS Foundation Trust and Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine & Dentistry
Published: 2023

3. Taking sides? Aspect has limited influence on soil environment or litter decomposition in pan-European study of roadside verges

Author: Plymouth University, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Research Foundation - Flanders, Gómez Aparicio, Lorena [0000-0001-5122-3579], Graae, B. J. [0000-0002-5568-4759], Vangansbeke, Pieter [0000-0002-6356-2858], Amstutz, A., Firth, Louise, Spicer, John I., De Frenne, Pieter, Gómez Aparicio, Lorena, Graae, B. J., Kuś, S., Lindmo, S., Orczewska, A., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Vanneste, Thomas, Hanley, Mick E., Plymouth University, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Research Foundation - Flanders, Gómez Aparicio, Lorena [0000-0001-5122-3579], Graae, B. J. [0000-0002-5568-4759], Vangansbeke, Pieter [0000-0002-6356-2858], Amstutz, A., Firth, Louise, Spicer, John I., De Frenne, Pieter, Gómez Aparicio, Lorena, Graae, B. J., Kuś, S., Lindmo, S., Orczewska, A., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Vanneste, Thomas, and Hanley, Mick E.
Abstract: In addition to well-known effects on species ecophysiology, phenology, and distributions, climate change is widely predicted to impact essential ecosystem services such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. While temperature and soil moisture are thought to influence litter decomposition, elucidating consistent soil process responses to observed or predicted shifts in climate have proven difficult to evidence. Here we investigated how aspect (i.e., north-south orientation), a natural model for variation in soil temperature, influenced soil physico-chemical conditions and decomposition of two standardised litter types (Green tea and Rooibos teabags) in Pole-facing (PF) and Equator-facing (EF) roadside verges spanning a 3000 km and 27° latitudinal gradient across Europe. Despite average daily temperatures being 1.5 - 3.0 °C warmer on EF than PF slopes, there were only minor region-specific differences in initial soil physico-chemical conditions and short-term variation in litter decomposition (i.e., litter mass loss was higher in EF-verges for the first month of deployment only) associated with aspect. We conclude that previously observed differences in soil environments and the decomposition process associated with slope orientation, is largely litter or environment specific, although medium-term soil-decomposition in semi-natural grassland ecosystems may also be insensitive to the magnitude of temperature variation within the range predicted by the IPCC SSP1–2.6 emissions scenario. Nonetheless, consistent average and extreme temperature differences between adjacent PF- and EF-aspects along roadside verges provides a model system to explore exactly how resilient the soil environment and the micro-organisms responsible for decomposition, are to temperature variation.
Published: 2024

4. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on teleworking and the logistics of work in Egypt

Author: Leat, Mike; Plymouth University, Plymouth, El-Kot, Ghada; Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Leat, Mike; Plymouth University, Plymouth, and El-Kot, Ghada; Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the implementation of teleworking and other flexible work practices, and the logistics of work in Egypt. Design/Methodology / approach: A review of relevant literature and a survey were conducted. The survey data was collected from a purposive sample of women working in professional and managerial roles in Alexandria and Cairo. The data was collected online between March and May in 2021. The questionnaire was in English. A sample of 1089 employees participated in the study. Data was collected on the perceived impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on employing organizations implementation of teleworking, other flexible work practices and childcare provision. A range of demographic and employing organization data was collected. Paired comparison and T-test analysis were employed in this study. Findings: The survey results indicated that before Covid-19 implementation of flexible working policies, workplace childcare and childcare allowances was limited. However, Covid-19 is significant in explaining marked increases in the implementation of all the flexible working policies and across all organisational ownership types and size groupings, this is not the case for the policies on childcare where there has been little change to rates of affirmation of implementation. Ownership type and organisational size were also significant in explaining some of the variations in rates of perceived implementation both before and after the pandemic.Research implication/limitation: The study has limitations in terms of the sample being limited to women working in professional and managerial roles in Alexandria and Cairo, the results are therefore not generalisable. Nevertheless, it provides evidence of and confirmed the significant influence of Covid-19 on the incidence of teleworking and other flexible work practices in Egypt. Research is needed to investigate this impact amongst a wider population. Re
Published: 2022

5. Generation of a conjoint surface plasmon by an infrared nano-antenna array

Author: Aston University, Plymouth University, University of Hull, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), National Natural Science Foundation of China, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Higher Learning Institutions in Shanghai Municipality, Allsop, Thomas D.P., Mou, Chengbo, Neal, Ronald, Kundrat, V., Wang, Changle, Kalli, K., Webb, David, Liu, Xiaoping, Davey, Paul, Culverhouse, P., Ania Castañón, Juan Diego, Aston University, Plymouth University, University of Hull, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), National Natural Science Foundation of China, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Higher Learning Institutions in Shanghai Municipality, Allsop, Thomas D.P., Mou, Chengbo, Neal, Ronald, Kundrat, V., Wang, Changle, Kalli, K., Webb, David, Liu, Xiaoping, Davey, Paul, Culverhouse, P., and Ania Castañón, Juan Diego
Abstract: Localized surface plasmons (LSP) excited by optical fields have many potential applications resulting from their ability in detecting ultra-small, ambient refractive index change. Current methods using surface nano-patterning by means of lithography have given rise to LSP of limited propagation and interaction lengths, meaning that practical applications remain challenging. This article describes a new all-optical method of generating LSP by means of a carefully fabricated low-dimensional nano-structured material using a direct-write photochemical lithography. It is shown that the resulting array of localized SPs combine or “Conjoin” to have an unprecedented large interaction length, via coupled evanescent fields, giving rise to superior spectral sensitivities; several orders of magnitude better than those quoted elsewhere and reaching 6 × 103 nm RIU−1 in the aqueous regime and 104 nm RIU−1 in the gaseous regime. Numerical modeling is performed that shows this design of plasmonic platform is capable of producing sensitivities of 105–106 nm RIU−1. It is believed the results achieved in this investigation show that a unique conjoint SP operational mode will significantly impact areas of interest, such as single molecular dynamics, drug delivery systems, etc.
Published: 2021

6. An ultra-sensitive aptasensor on optical fibre for the direct detection of bisphenol A

Author: Aston University, Plymouth University, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Allsop, Thomas D.P., Neal, R., Wang, C., Nagel, D. A., Hine, A. V., Culverhouse, P., Ania Castañón, Juan Diego, Webb, D. J., Scarano, S., Minunni, M., Aston University, Plymouth University, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Allsop, Thomas D.P., Neal, R., Wang, C., Nagel, D. A., Hine, A. V., Culverhouse, P., Ania Castañón, Juan Diego, Webb, D. J., Scarano, S., and Minunni, M.
Abstract: We present a plasmonic biosensor capable of detecting the presence of bisphenol A in ultra-low concentrations, yielding a wavelength shift of 0.15 ± 0.01 nm in response to a solution of 1 fM concentration with limit of detection of 330 ± 70 aM The biosensing device consists of an array of gold nano-antennae with a total length of 2.3 cm that generate coupled localised surface plasmons (cLSPs) and is covalently modified with an aptamer specific for bisphenol A recognition. The array of nano-antennae is fabricated on a lapped section of standard telecommunication optical fibre, allowing for potential multiplexing and its use in remote sensing applications. These results have been achieved without the use of enhancement techniques and therefore the approach allows the direct detection of bisphenol A, a low molecular weight (228 Da) target usually detectable only by indirect detection strategies. Its detection at such levels is a significant step forward in measuring small molecules at ultra-low concentrations. Furthermore, this new sensing platform paves the way for the development of portable systems for in-situ agricultural measurements capable of retrieving data on a substance of very high concern at ultra-low concentrations.
Published: 2019

7. Identification of the direct regulon of NtcA during early acclimation to nitrogen starvation in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Author: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, Plymouth University, Giner-Lamia, Joaquín, Robles-Rengel, Rocío, Hernández-Prieto, Miguel A., Muro-Pastor, M. Isabel, Florencio, Francisco J., Futschik, Matthias E., Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, Plymouth University, Giner-Lamia, Joaquín, Robles-Rengel, Rocío, Hernández-Prieto, Miguel A., Muro-Pastor, M. Isabel, Florencio, Francisco J., and Futschik, Matthias E.
Abstract: In cyanobacteria, nitrogen homeostasis is maintained by an intricate regulatory network around transcription factor NtcA. Although mechanisms controlling NtcA activity appear to be well understood, its regulon remains poorly defined. To determine the NtcA regulon during the early stages of nitrogen starvation for the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation, followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq), in parallel with transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq). Through combining these methods, we determined 51 genes activated and 28 repressed directly by NtcA. In addition to genes associated with nitrogen and carbon metabolism, a considerable number of genes without current functional annotation were among direct targets providing a rich reservoir for further studies. The NtcA regulon also included eight non-coding RNAs, of which Ncr1071, Syr6 and NsiR7 were experimentally validated, and their putative targets were computationally predicted. Surprisingly, we found substantial NtcA binding associated with delayed expression changes indicating that NtcA can reside in a poised state controlled by other factors. Indeed, a role of PipX as modulating factor in nitrogen regulation was confirmed for selected NtcA-targets. We suggest that the indicated poised state of NtcA enables a more differentiated response to nitrogen limitation and can be advantageous in native habitats of Synechocystis.
Published: 2017

8. Antarctic sea ice region as a source of biogenic organic nitrogen in aerosols

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, European Commission, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Plymouth University, Dall'Osto, Manuel, Cortes, Pau, Zamanillo Campos, Marina, Nunes, Sdena, Ortega-Retuerta, E., Emelianov, Mikhail, Vaqué, Dolors, Marrasé, Cèlia, Estrada, Marta, Sala, M. Montserrat, Simó, Rafel, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, European Commission, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Plymouth University, Dall'Osto, Manuel, Cortes, Pau, Zamanillo Campos, Marina, Nunes, Sdena, Ortega-Retuerta, E., Emelianov, Mikhail, Vaqué, Dolors, Marrasé, Cèlia, Estrada, Marta, Sala, M. Montserrat, and Simó, Rafel
Abstract: Climate warming affects the development and distribution of sea ice, but at present the evidence of polar ecosystem feedbacks on climate through changes in the atmosphere is sparse. By means of synergistic atmospheric and oceanic measurements in the Southern Ocean near Antarctica, we present evidence that the microbiota of sea ice and sea ice-influenced ocean are a previously unknown significant source of atmospheric organic nitrogen, including low molecular weight alkyl-amines. Given the keystone role of nitrogen compounds in aerosol formation, growth and neutralization, our findings call for greater chemical and source diversity in the modelling efforts linking the marine ecosystem to aerosol-mediated climate effects in the Southern Ocean
Published: 2017

9. Late-glacial and Holocene European pollen data

Author: Basil A. S. Davis, Steffen Wolters, Graciela Gil-Romera, Richard H. W. Bradshaw, Walter Finsinger, Ralph Fyfe, Heather Binney, Michelle Leydet, Petr Kuneš, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Thomas Giesecke, Norbert Kühl, Simon Brewer, University of Utah, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Université de Genève ( UNIGE ), Centre de Bio-Archéologie et d'Ecologie ( CBAE ), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Southampton [Southampton], Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ), School of Geography, University of Plymouth-University of Plymouth, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie, Bonn Universität [Bonn], Charles University [Prague], School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Department of Geography, University of Liverpool-University of Liverpool, ÉcolePolytechniqueFédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie ( IMEP ), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Southampton, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Université de Genève (UNIGE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ SDV.BV.BOT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Geography, Planning and Development, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, [ SDV.SA.SF ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Abundance (ecology), vegetation, lcsh:G3180-9980, Pollen, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), medicine, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Glacial period, Environmental history, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:Maps, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Europe, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Taxon, Geography, Climatology, European Pollen Database, late-glacial, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; The European Pollen Database (EPD) is a community effort to archive and make available pollen sequences from across the European continent. Pollen sequences provide records that may be used to infer past vegetation and vegetation change. We present here maps based on 828 sites from the EPD giving an overview of changes in postglacial pollen assemblages in Europe over the past 15,000 years. The maps show the distribution and abundance of 54 different pollen taxa at 500 year intervals, supported by new age-depth models and associated chronological uncertainty analysis. Results show the individualistic patterns of spread of different pollen taxa, and provide a standardized dataset for further analysis, defining a spatial context for the study of past plant and vegetation changes and other aspects of environmental history in Europe.
Published: 2017

10. A decision support system for evaluation of the knowledge sharing crossing boundaries in agri-food value chains

Author: Alejandro Fernández, Shaofeng Liu, Biljana Mileva Boshkoska, Pascale Zaraté, Huilan Chen, Jorge E. Hernández, Guoqing Zhao, Mariana del Pino, Susana Gamboa, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Universidad Nacional de la Plata - UNLP (ARGENTINA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Institut 'Jožef Stefan' - IJS (SLOVENIA), Plymouth University (UNITED KINGDOM), University of Liverpool (UNITED KINGDOM), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), University of Liverpool, Plymouth University, Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Argumentation, Décision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (IRIT-ADRIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Ingenierías y Tecnologías, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Decision support system, Knowledge management, Knowledge sharing, General Computer Science, Computer science, Interoperability, Ciencias Informáticas, 02 engineering and technology, Decision support systems, Ontology (information science), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Common knowledge, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business.industry, Agricultural value chain, General Engineering, Recherche d'information, Identification (information), [INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR], Transparency (graphic), Knowledge boundaries, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business
Abstract: An agri-food value chain (VC) represents a set of activities aimed at delivering highly valuable products to the market. Due to the diversity of actors in the agri-food VCs ́ accumulated knowledge is typically situated within the boundaries of each entity of the VC. Hence, the question is how to improve knowledge sharing in agri-food VC, or more specifically how can knowledge flow and mobilize among different actors in the VC. To answer this question, we present a decision support system (DSS) for evaluation of knowledge sharing crossing boundaries in agri-food VC. The proposed DSS is developed through two phases: (i) identification of the most common knowledge boundaries by using machine learning and ontology technologies; (ii) transformation of the obtained ontology into a DSS for the evaluation of existing knowledge boundaries. In particular, the developed DSS helps in identifying, evaluating and providing directions for improvement of the knowledge sharing crossing boundaries in agri-food VC. We apply the DSS to evaluate three real VCs: a tomato VC in Argentina, a Chinese leaf VC in China and a brassica VC in the UK. The comparative analysis across the three varied case studies and their evaluation with the proposed DSS lead to more insights into knowledge-based decisions that a particular VC needs to address to improve its knowledge flow, in particular, to obtain insights in the transparency and interoperability of data and knowledge crossing boundaries in agri-food VCs., Laboratorio de Investigación y Formación en Informática Avanzada
Published: 2019

11. Holocene landscape dynamics and long-term population trends in the Levant

Author: Alessio Palmisano, Andrew Bevan, Andrea Miebach, Ralph Fyfe, C. Neil Roberts, Thomas Litt, Jessie Woodbridge, Raphael Greenberg, Suzanne A.G. Leroy, Stephen Shennan, Rachid Cheddadi, David Kaniewski, Dafna Langgut, University College of London [London] (UCL), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, Plymouth University, Plymouth, United Kingdom, Institute of archaeology (UCL), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, L'Homme préhistorique : son évolution, son milieu, ses activités, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Paleontology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: demography, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Population, settlement patterns, Wetland, Woodland, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, law.invention, vegetation, law, Pollen, medicine, archaeology, climate, Levant, pollen, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, education, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Global and Planetary Change, geography, education.field_of_study, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, Ecology, Paleontology, 06 humanities and the arts, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Physical geography
Abstract: International audience; This paper explores long-term trends in human population and vegetation change in the Levant from the early to the late Holocene in order to assess when and how human impact has shaped the region’s landscapes over the millennia. To do so, we employed multiple proxies and compared archaeological, pollen and palaeoclimate data within a multi-scalar approach in order to assess how Holocene landscape dynamics change at different geographical scales. We based our analysis on 14 fossil pollen sequences and applied a hierarchical agglomerative clustering and community classification in order to define groups of vegetation types (e.g. grassland, wetland, woodland, etc.). Human impact on the landscape has been assessed by the analysis of pollen indicator groups. Archaeological settlement data and Summed Probability Distribution (SPD) of radiocarbon dates have been used to reconstruct long-term demographic trends. In this study, for the first time, the evolution of the human population is estimated statistically and compared with environmental proxies for assessing the interplay of biotic and abiotic factors in shaping the Holocene landscapes in the Levant.
Published: 2019

12. Acalabrutinib in relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (ACE-LY-004): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial

Author: Priti Patel, Raquel Izumi, Richa Dua, Eric D. Jacobsen, Ahmed Hamdy, Stephen D. Smith, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Jeanette K. Doorduijn, Lucie Oberic, Andrew Davies, Andre Goy, Arnon P. Kater, Wayne Rothbaum, Carlos Panizo, Taduesz Robak, Franck Morschhauser, Thierry Lamy, Simon Rule, Todd Covey, Richard Eek, Steven Le Gouill, Jehan Dupuis, J. Greg Slatter, Michael Wang, Xin Huang, Gandhi Damaj, Olivier Casasnovas, Bijal D. Shah, Wojciech Jurczak, Wang, Michael, Rule, Simon, Zinzani, Pier Luigi, Goy, Andre, Casasnovas, Olivier, Smith, Stephen D, Damaj, Gandhi, Doorduijn, Jeanette, Lamy, Thierry, Morschhauser, Franck, Panizo, Carlo, Shah, Bijal, Davies, Andrew, Eek, Richard, Dupuis, Jehan, Jacobsen, Eric, Kater, Arnon P, Le Gouill, Steven, Oberic, Lucie, Robak, Taduesz, Covey, Todd, Dua, Richa, Hamdy, Ahmed, Huang, Xin, Izumi, Raquel, Patel, Priti, Rothbaum, Wayne, Slatter, J. Greg, Jurczak, Wojciech, Hematology, Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma [Houston, TX, USA], The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy [Houston, TX, USA], Plymouth University Medical School [Plymouth, UK], The Institute of Hematology and Oncology L. and A. Seràgnoli [Bologna, Italy], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), John Theurer Cancer Center [Hackensack, NJ, USA], Hackensack University Medical Center [Hackensack], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'Hématologie Clinique (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] (FHCRC), Institut d'Hématologie de Basse-Normandie (IHBN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse [Caen] (UNICANCER/CRLC), UNICANCER-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-UNICANCER, Erasmus Medical Centre [Rotterdam, The Netherlands], HOVON Lunenburg Lymphoma Phase I/II Consortium [Amsterdam, The Netherlands], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées - ULR 7365 (GRITA), Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Clínica Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona, Spain], H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Cancer Sciences Unit [Southampton, UK] (Cancer Research UK Centre), University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine [Southampton, UK], Border Medical Oncology [Wodonga, VIC, Australia], Unité des hémopathies lymphoïdes [CHU Henri Mondor], CHU Henri Mondor, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [Boston], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Academic Medical Center [Amsterdam, Netherlands], Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes - CHU de Nantes), Regulation of Bcl2 and p53 Networks in Multiple Myeloma and Mantle Cell Lymphoma (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 10), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole (IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Medical University of Łódź (MUL), Acerta Pharma (Redwood City, CA), Department of Hematology [Krakow, Poland], Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Acerta Pharma, a member of the AstraZeneca Group., Department of Haematology, Derriford Hospital, L. and A. Seràgnoli Hospital, University of Bologna, John Theurer Cancer Center - Hackensack University Medical Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [Seattle] ( FHCRC ), CHU Caen, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam [Rotterdam], Biophysique, Médecine Nucléaire et Technologies Médicales ( EA 1049 ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Hematology Service, Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] ( UNAV ), H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Service d'hématologie clinique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie / Nantes - Angers ( CRCNA ), CHU Angers-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes ( CHU Nantes ), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole ( IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037 ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Medical University of Lodz, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Jagiellonian University [Krakow] ( UJ ), Clinical Haematology, CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Biophysique, Médecine Nucléaire et Technologies Médicales (EA 1049), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Jagiellonian University [Krakow] (UJ), Bernardo, Elizabeth, Plymouth University, Normandie Université (NU)-UNICANCER-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-UNICANCER, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CCA - Cancer Treatment and quality of life, CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Phases of clinical research, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell, Neutropenia, Gastroenterology, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Recurrence, Internal medicine, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, education, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Survival analysis, Aged, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, education.field_of_study, Mantle cell lymphoma, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Acalabrutinib, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pyrazines, Benzamides, Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma, Female, business, Progressive disease
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND:Bruton tyrosine kinase is a clinically validated target in mantle cell lymphoma. Acalabrutinib (ACP-196) is a highly selective, potent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed to minimise off-target activity.METHODS:In this open-label, phase 2 study, oral acalabrutinib (100 mg twice per day) was given to patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was overall response assessed according to the Lugano classification, and safety analyses were done in all participants. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02213926.FINDINGS:From March 12, 2015, to Jan 5, 2016, 124 patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma were enrolled and all patients received treatment; median age 68 years. Patients received a median of two (IQR 1-2) previous therapies. At a median follow-up of 15·2 months, 100 (81%) patients achieved an overall response and 49 (40%) patients achieved a complete response. The Kaplan-Meier estimated medians for duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were not reached; the 12-month rates were 72% (95% CI 62-80), 67% (58-75), and 87% (79-92%), respectively. The most common adverse events were primarily grade 1 or 2 and were headache (47 [38%]), diarrhoea (38 [31%]), fatigue (34 [27%]), and myalgia (26 [21%]). The most common grade 3 or worse adverse events were neutropenia (13 [10%]), anaemia (11 [9%]), and pneumonia (six [5%]). There were no cases of atrial fibrillation and one case of grade 3 or worse haemorrhage. The median duration of treatment was 13·8 months. Treatment was discontinued in 54 (44%) patients, primarily due to progressive disease (39 [31%]) and adverse events (seven [6%]).INTERPRETATION:Acalabrutinib treatment provided a high rate of durable responses and a favourable safety profile in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. These findings suggest an important role for acalabrutinib in the treatment of this disease population.FUNDING:Acerta Pharma, a member of the AstraZeneca Group.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2018

13. Constraining the deforestation history of Europe: Evaluation of historical land use scenarios with pollen-based land cover reconstructions

Author: Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Shinya Sugita, Ralph Fyfe, Anna-Kari Trondman, Kristen M. Krumhardt, Marie-José Gaillard, Jed O. Kaplan, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Department of Archaeogenetics [Jena] (DAG), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biodiversity, Land cover, environmental history, 01 natural sciences, paleoecology, Ecosystem services, lcsh:Agriculture, land use, human-environment interactions, Deforestation, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Land use, lcsh:S, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Earth system science, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Physical geography
Abstract: International audience; Anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) is the most important transformation of the Earth system that occurred in the preindustrial Holocene, with implications for carbon, water and sediment cycles, biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services and regional and global climate. For example, anthropogenic deforestation in preindustrial Eurasia may have led to feedbacks to the climate system: both biogeophysical, regionally amplifying winter cold and summer warm temperatures, and biogeochemical, stabilizing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and thus influencing global climate. Quantification of these effects is difficult, however, because scenarios of anthropogenic land cover change over the Holocene vary widely, with increasing disagreement back in time. Because land cover change had such widespread ramifications for the Earth system, it is essential to assess current ALCC scenarios in light of observations and provide guidance on which models are most realistic. Here, we perform a systematic evaluation of two widely-used ALCC scenarios (KK10 and HYDE3.1) in northern and part of central Europe using an independent, pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land cover (REVEALS). Considering that ALCC in Europe primarily resulted in deforestation, we compare modeled land use with the cover of non-forest vegetation inferred from the pollen data. Though neither land cover change scenario matches the pollen-based reconstructions precisely, KK10 correlates well with REVEALS at the country scale, while HYDE systematically underestimates land use with increasing magnitude with time in the past. Discrepancies between modeled and reconstructed land use are caused by a number of factors, including assumptions of per-capita land use and socio-cultural factors that cannot be predicted on the basis of the characteristics of the physical environment, including dietary preferences, long-distance trade, the location of urban areas and social organization.
Published: 2017

14. Simulations of the Holocene climate in Europe using an interactive downscaling within the iLOVECLIM model (version 1.1)

Author: Frank Arthur, Didier M. Roche, Ralph Fyfe, Aurélien Quiquet, Hans Renssen, Earth Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation du climat (CLIM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), and Plymouth University
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Stratigraphy, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Paleontology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: This study presents the application of an interactive downscaling in Europe using iLOVECLIM (a model of intermediate complexity), increasing its atmospheric resolution from 5.56 to 0.25∘ kilometric. A transient simulation using the appropriate climate forcings for the entire Holocene (11.5–0 ka BP) was done for both the standard version of the model and with an interactive downscaling applied. Our results show that simulations from downscaling present spatial variability that agrees better with proxy-based reconstructions and other climate models as compared to the standard model. The downscaling scheme simulates much higher (by at least a factor of 2) precipitation maxima and provides detailed information in mountainous regions. We focus on examples from the Scandes mountains, the Alps, the Scottish Highlands, and the Mediterranean. The higher spatial resolution of the downscaling provides a more realistic overview of the topography and gives local climate information, such as precipitation and temperature gradient, that is important for paleoclimate studies. With downscaling, we simulate similar trends and spatial patterns of the precipitation changes reconstructed by other proxy studies (for example in the Alps) as compared to the standard version. Our downscaling tool is numerically cheap, implying that our model can perform kilometric, multi-millennial simulations and is suitable for future studies.
Published: 2023

15. Tracking Hunter-Gatherer Impact on Vegetation in Last Interglacial and Holocene Europe

Author: Nikulina, Anastasia, Macdonald, Katharine, Scherjon, Fulco, A. Pearce, Elena, Davoli, Marco, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Vella, Emily, Gaillard, Marie-José, Zapolska, Anhelina, Arthur, Frank, Martinez, Alexandre, Hatlestad, Kailin, Mazier, Florence, Serge, Maria Antonia, Lindholm, Karl-Johan, Fyfe, Ralph, Renssen, Hans, Roche, Didier, Kluiving, Sjoerd, Roebroeks, Wil, Serge, Maria, Universiteit Leiden, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Uppsala University, Linnaeus University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plymouth University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation du climat (CLIM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Earth and Climate, CLUE+, Art and Culture, History, Antiquity, Earth Sciences, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, Leiden University, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Holocene, 15. Life on land, Human-environment interaction, Mesolithic, Neanderthal, Last Interglacial, Hunter-gatherers, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, 13. Climate action, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Arkeologi, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: We review palaeoenvironmental proxies and combinations of these relevant for understanding hunter-gatherer niche construction activities in pre-agricultural Europe. Our approach consists of two steps: (1) identify the possible range of hunter-gatherer impacts on landscapes based on ethnographic studies; (2) evaluate proxies possibly reflecting these impacts for both the Eemian (Last Interglacial, Middle Palaeolithic) and the Early–Middle Holocene (Mesolithic). We found these paleoenvironmental proxies were not able to unequivocally establish clear-cut differences between specific anthropogenic, climatic and megafaunal impacts for either time period in this area. We discuss case studies for both periods and show that published evidence for Mesolithic manipulation of landscapes is based on the interpretation of comparable data as available for the Last Interglacial. If one applies the ‘Mesolithic’ interpretation schemes to the Neanderthal record, three common niche construction activities can be hypothesised: vegetation burning, plant manipulation and impact on animal species presence and abundance. Our review suggests that as strong a case can be made for a Neanderthal impact on landscapes as for anthropogenic landscape changes during the Mesolithic, even though the Neanderthal evidence comes from only one high-resolution site complex. Further research should include attempts (e.g. by means of modelling studies) to establish whether hunter-gatherer impact on landscapes played out at a local level only versus at a larger scale during both time periods, while we also need to obtain comparative data on the population sizes of Last Interglacial and Holocene hunter-gatherers, as these are usually inferred to have differed significantly.
Published: 2022

16. Fluids in the South Armorican Shear Zone, France

Author: Philippe Boulvais, Romain Tartese, Marc Poujol, Marie-Christine Boiron, Gilles Ruffet, yannick branquet, Gébelin, A., Camille Dusséaux, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geography, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Plymouth University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)
Subjects: [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry
Abstract: International audience; The South Armorican Shear Zone (SASZ) is alithsopheric-scale shear zone from western Europethat was active during Variscan times. U–Pb analyseson zircon and monazite and 40Ar-39Ar analyses onmuscovite from mylonites and syntectonic granitesdefine a minimum duration of 20 Ma for thedeformation and magmato-hydrothermal historyalong the SASZ, between 320 Ma and 300 Ma. Giantquartz veins associated with the deformed zonesrecord important crustal-scale fluid circulations. Mostquartz veins have δ18O values between 10 and 16‰,indicating a crustal origin for the fluids.Microthermometry on fluid inclusions from euhedralquartz indicates that late fluids were mostly aqueouswith very low salinity (0–1.7 wt% eq.) and withhomogenization temperatures ranging between 150and 270 °C. Together with very low δ18O values ofsome euhedral quartz down to -2‰, these featuresargue for a surface origin for these fluids. Calculatedδ18Ofluid values of about -11‰ reflect surface-derivedfluids sourced at high elevation. Independantly, somemylonites from the SASZ have low δ18O silicatevalues compared to their undeformed protolith, whichhas to be related to the influx of surface-derivedwaters. The heat source necessary for this crustalscale downward fluid infiltration followed by upwardmotion was likely provided by the exhumation oflower crustal units in the South Armorican domain.New investigations are currently in progress, notablyδD measurements on micas from mylonites from boththe SASZ and associated detachments to betterconstrain the paleo-altitude reached during theorogeny. Various ore deposits were formed duringthese events, so that this integrated study should helpto draw the metallogenic crustal landscape of thisregion
Published: 2016

17. Plasmodium falciparum infection induces dynamic changes in the erythrocyte phospho-proteome

Author: Luc Reininger, Vikram Sharma, Stéphane Egée, Lee D. Phillips, Edwin Lasonder, Ghania Ramdani, Guillaume Bouyer, Gordon Langsley, Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biomedical and Healthcare Sciences, Plymouth University, Systems Biology Center, Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins ( LBI2M ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), school of biomedical and healthcare siences, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Erythrocytes, Proteome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], environment and public health, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Cyclic AMP, [ SDV.MHEP.HEM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Protein phosphorylation, Malaria, Falciparum, Phosphorylation, Cytoskeleton, Glucose Transporter Type 1, biology, Kinase, C100, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Hematology, C900, 3. Good health, Cell biology, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Molecular Medicine, Casein kinase 2, inorganic chemicals, [ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Plasmodium falciparum, macromolecular substances, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Amino Acid Sequence, Protein kinase A, Molecular Biology, Band 3, Protein kinase C, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [ SDV.BC.BC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Molecular biology, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, bacteria
Abstract: International audience; The phosphorylation status of red blood cell proteins is strongly altered during the infection by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We identify the key phosphorylation events that occur in the erythrocyte membrane and cytoskeleton during infection, by a comparative analysis of global phospho-proteome screens between infected (obtained at schizont stage) and uninfected RBCs. The meta-analysis of reported mass spectrometry studies revealed a novel compendium of 495 phosphorylation sites in 182 human proteins with regulatory roles in red cell morphology and stability, with about 25% of these sites specific to infected cells. A phosphorylation motif analysis detected 7 unique motifs that were largely mapped to kinase consensus sequences of casein kinase II and of protein kinase A/protein kinase C. This analysis highlighted prominent roles for PKA/PKC involving 78 phosphorylation sites. We then compared the phosphorylation status of PKA (PKC) specific sites in adducin, dematin, Band 3 and GLUT-1 in uninfected RBC stimulated or not by cAMP to their phosphorylation status in iRBC. We showed cAMP-induced phosphorylation of adducin S59 by immunoblotting and we were able to demonstrate parasite-induced phosphorylation for adducin S726, Band 3 and GLUT-1, corroborating the protein phosphorylation status in our erythrocyte phosphorylation site compendium.
Published: 2016

18. Litter Decomposition as an Indicator of Stream Ecosystem Functioning at Local-to-Continental Scales

Author: Chauvet, Eric, Ferreira, Verónica, Giller, Paul S., McKie, Brendan G., Tiegs, Scott D., Woodward, Guy, Elosegi, Arturo, Dobson, Michael, Fleituch, Tadeusz, Graça, Manuel A. S., Gulis, Vladislav, Hladyz, Sally, Lacoursiere, Jean O., Lecerf, Antoine, Pozo, Jesús, Preda, Elena, Riipinen, Miira P., Risnoveanu, Geta, Vadineanu, Angheluta, Vought, Lena B.-M., Gessner, Mark O., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Universidade de Coimbra (PORTUGAL), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Polish Academy of Sciences (POLAND), Technische Universität Berlin - TU Berlin (GERMANY), University College Cork (IRELAND), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Universidad del País Vasco - Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea - EHU (SPAIN), University of Bucharest (ROMANIA), Coastal Carolina University - CCU (USA), Edinburgh Technopole (UNITED KINGDOM), Imperial College London (UNITED KINGDOM), Kristianstad University College - HKR (SWEDEN), Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries - IGB (GERMANY), Monash University (AUSTRALIA), Oakland University (USA), Plymouth University (UNITED KINGDOM), Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet - SLU (SWEDEN), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Oakland University (UNITED STATES), Imperial College London, Coastal Carolina University - CCU (UNITED STATES), and Plymouth University
Subjects: River, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Ecosystem functioning, Stream, Riparian forest, Biodiversity, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Functional assessment, Leaf litter decomposition, Nutrient, Management
Abstract: International audience; RivFunction is a pan-European initiative that started in 2002 and was aimed at esta- blishing a novel functional-based approach to assessing the ecological status of rivers. Litter decomposition was chosen as the focal process because it plays a central role in stream ecosystems and is easy to study in the field. Impacts of two stressors that occur across the continent, nutrient pollution and modified riparian vegetation, were exam- ined at >200 paired sites in nine European ecoregions. In response to the former, decomposition was dramatically slowed at both extremes of a 1000-fold nutrient gra- dient, indicating nutrient limitation in unpolluted sites, highly variable responses across Europe in moderately impacted streams, and inhibition via associated toxic and addi- tional stressors in highly polluted streams. Riparian forest modification by clear cutting or replacement of natural vegetation by plantations (e.g. conifers, eucalyptus) or pasture produced similarly complex responses. Clear effects caused by specific riparian distur- bances were observed in regionally focused studies, but general trends across different types of riparian modifications were not apparent, in part possibly because of important indirect effects. Complementary field and laboratory experiments were undertaken to tease apart the mechanistic drivers of the continental scale field bioassays by addressing the influence of litter, fungal and detritivore diversity. These revealed generally weak and context-dependent effects on decomposition, suggesting high levels of redundancy (and hence potential insurance mechanisms that can mitigate a degree of species loss) within the food web. Reduced species richness consistently increased decomposition variability, if not the absolute rate. Further field studies were aimed at identifying impor- tant sources of this variability (e.g. litter quality, temporal variability) to help constrain ranges of predicted decomposition rates in different field situations. Thus, although many details still need to be resolved, litter decomposition holds considerable potential in some circumstances to capture impairment of stream ecosystem functioning. For instance, species traits associated with the body size and metabolic capacity of the con- sumers were often the main driver at local scales, and these were often translated into important determinants of otherwise apparently contingent effects at larger scales. Key insights gained from conducting continental scale studies included resolving the appar- ent paradox of inconsistent relationships between nutrients and decomposition rates, as the full complex multidimensional picture emerged from the large-scale dataset, of which only seemingly contradictory fragments had been seen previously.
Published: 2016

19. A new trend for knowledge-based decision support systems design

Author: Shaofeng Liu, Pascale Zaraté, Argumentation, Décision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (IRIT-ADRIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Plymouth University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Plymouth University (UNITED KINGDOM), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Underpinning, Service (systems architecture), Decision support system, Information Systems and Management, Knowledge management, Knowledge representation and reasoning, Computer science, Strategy and Management, Inference, 02 engineering and technology, Decision support systems, application domains, Knowledge modelling and representation, [INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL], [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Intelligent DSS, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], 020204 information systems, Management of Technology and Innovation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, service systems, H- INFORMATIQUE, Tertiary sector of the economy, Knowledge-based decision support systems, DSS, Logique en informatique, business.industry, Knowledge economy, [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], Informatique et langage, KBDSS, Intelligence artificielle, Apprentissage, Computer Science Applications, Systems design, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Reasoning and inference
Abstract: International audience; Knowledge-based decision support systems (KBDSS) have evolved greatly over the last few decades. The key technologies underpinning the development of KBDSS can be classified into three categories: technologies for knowledge modelling and representation, technologies for reasoning and inference and web-based technologies. In the meantime, service systems have emerged and become increasingly important to value adding activities in the current knowledge economy. This paper provides a review on the recent advances in the three types of technologies, as well as the main application domains of KBDSS as service systems. Based on the examination of literature, future research directions are recommended for the development of KBDSS in general and in particular to support decision-making in service industry.
Published: 2016

20. Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model: A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation

Author: M. Serge, F. Mazier, R. Fyfe, M.-J. Gaillard, T. Klein, A. Lagnoux, D. Galop, E. Githumbi, M. Mindrescu, A. Nielsen, A.-K. Trondman, A. Poska, S. Sugita, J. Woodbridge, D. Abel-Schaad, C. Åkesson, T. Alenius, B. Ammann, S. Andersen, R. Anderson, M. Andrič, L. Balakauskas, L. Barnekow, V. Batalova, J. Bergman, H. Birks, L. Björkman, A. Bjune, O. Borisova, N. Broothaerts, J. Carrion, C. Caseldine, J. Christiansen, Q. Cui, A. Currás, S. Czerwiński, R. David, A. Davies, R. De Jong, F. Di Rita, B. Dietre, W. Dörfler, E. Doyen, K. Edwards, A. Ejarque, E. Endtmann, D. Etienne, E. Faure, I. Feeser, A. Feurdean, E. Fischer, W. Fletcher, F. Franco-Múgica, E. Fredh, C. Froyd, S. Garcés-Pastor, I. García-Moreiras, E. Gauthier, G. Gil-Romera, P. González-Sampériz, M. Grant, R. Grindean, J. Haas, G. Hannon, A.-J. Heather, M. Heikkilä, K. Hjelle, S. Jahns, N. Jasiunas, G. Jiménez-Moreno, I. Jouffroy-Bapicot, M. Kabailienė, I. Kamerling, M. Kangur, M. Karpińska-Kołaczek, A. Kasianova, P. Kołaczek, P. Lagerås, M. Latalowa, J. Lechterbeck, C. Leroyer, M. Leydet, M. Lindbladh, O. Lisitsyna, J.-A. López-Sáez, John Lowe, R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, E. Lukanina, L. Macijauskaitė, D. Magri, D. Marguerie, L. Marquer, A. Martinez-Cortizas, I. Mehl, J. Mesa-Fernández, T. Mighall, A. Miola, Y. Miras, C. Morales-Molino, A. Mrotzek, C. Sobrino, B. Odgaard, I. Ozola, S. Pérez-Díaz, R. Pérez-Obiol, C. Poggi, P. Rego, M. Ramos-Román, P. Rasmussen, M. Reille, M. Rösch, P. Ruffaldi, M. Goni, N. Savukynienė, T. Schröder, M. Schult, U. Segerström, H. Seppä, G. Vives, L. Shumilovskikh, H. Smettan, M. Stancikaite, A. Stevenson, N. Stivrins, I. Tantau, M. Theuerkauf, S. Tonkov, W. van der Knaap, J. van Leeuwen, E. Vecmane, G. Verstraeten, S. Veski, R. Voigt, H. Von Stedingk, M. Waller, J. Wiethold, K. Willis, S. Wolters, V. Zernitskaya, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plymouth University, Linnaeus University, Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse UMR5219 (IMT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Department of Geography, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava 720229, Romania, Department of Geology, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden, School of natural sciences, Linnaeus University, Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), Planetary Exploration Research Center [Chiba] (PERC), Chiba Institute of Technology (CIT), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA Plymouth, United Kingdom, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), University of Turku, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Institute of Plant Sciences, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), School of Earth & Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA, Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), Department of Geology and Mineralogy [Vilnius], Vilnius University [Vilnius], Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Institutet fur rymdfysik (IRFU), Department of Biological Sciences, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, 7803 Bergen, Norway, Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden, Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Institute of Geography of RAS, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Division of Geography and Tourism, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Celestijnenlaan 200E, Heverlee, B-3001 KU Leuven, Belgium, Génie instrumental qualité alimentaire (UR GIMO), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Instituto de Ciencias del Patrimonio, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (Incipit-CSIC), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Nantes Université - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (Nantes Univ - UFR HHAA), Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Humanités, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Kingston University [London], Geobiosphere Science Centre, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Bureau d’étude spécialisé en reconstitution des paléoenvironnements à partir de vestiges botaniques (Paleobotalab), Department of physical chemistry, Uppsala University, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Landesamt für Geologie und Bergwesen Sachsen-Anhalt, Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut fûr Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of Manchester [Manchester], The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Niedersächsisches Institut für Historische Küstenforschung (NIHK), This research was funded by the TERRANOVA Project, H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 813904., European Project: 813904], Department of Cultures, Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Geology (-2014), Department of Forest Sciences, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Doctoral Programme in Geosciences, Yu, Le, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews. Centre for Energy Ethics, University of St Andrews. Geographies of Sustainability, Society, Inequalities and Possibilities, and University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group
Subjects: Europe, quantitative past land cover, Holocene, pollen data, REVEALS model, relative pollen productivity, validation, QK Botany, Validation, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Nature and Landscape Conservation, MCC, GB, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090 [VDP], QK, DAS, Quantitative past land cover, GB Physical geography, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Pollen data, Relative pollen productivity
Abstract: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/land12050986/s1. File S1 Glossary of abbreviations used in the paper., This research was funded by the TERRANOVA Project, H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 813904., Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1° × 1°) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the ‘Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites’ (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity., H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie TERRANOVA Project 813904, Swiss National Science Foundation, Swiss Academy of Sciences, U.S. National Science Foundation, Chinese Academy of Science, Linnaeus University’s, MERGE PRG323, ETF PRG323
Published: 2023

21. The Role of Decision Making in the Big Data Era

Author: Dargam, Fatima, Zaraté, Pascale, Ribeiro, Rita, Liu, Shaofeng, SimTech Simulation Technology (AUSTRIA), Argumentation, Décision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (IRIT-ADRIA), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CA3, Uninova, Campus New University of Lisbon/FC, Plymouth University, Grélaud, Françoise, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Graz University of Technology - TU Graz (AUSTRIA), Plymouth University (UNITED KINGDOM), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), Computational Intelligence Research Group (CA3), Centre of Technology and Systems (CTS), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia = School of Science & Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia = School of Science & Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), IRIT : Institut de Recherche Informatique de Toulouse, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Big data, Analytics, Internet of things, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Internet of Things, Base de données, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Decision support systems, H- INFORMATIQUE, Decision making, DSS
Abstract: We current live in an era, in which data heavily, constantly, and globally flows into all areas of our activities. This mobile world based on the Internet of Things and the concepts of Web 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0, connects us at anytime with our conveniences and contacts, keeps our appointments up-to-date, feeds our information needs, influences our moods, guides our shopping tendencies, and informs us about businesses and opportunities in a way that most of the times it is difficult to manage, due to the massive amount of data involved. Time has come that individuals and mainly organizations have to tackle the problem of how to process large amounts of data in support of their respective needs and operations, aiming at improving their handling and response efficiency. Big Data gives birth to an era, which cannot count anymore with classical database tools to manage and analyze information data-sets. New methods and technologies are required to enable the decision maker to understand and examine the massive, multi-dimensional, multi-source, time varying information stream to make effective decisions, sometimes in time-critical situations. In this work the authors discuss the importance of having appropriate technologies for Decision Making and Decision Support Systems to exploit the potentiality of Big Data analysis, so that organizations can improve their productivity to face increased competition in this new Big Data-Driven Decision-Making era. The study behind this paper also addresses the problem of the current widespread data-centrism tendency for almost all applications requiring decision support, since not all of them have the answers to their problems based only on data.
Published: 2015

22. Pollen-based quantitative reconstructions of Holocene regional vegetation cover (plant-functional types and land-cover types) in Europe suitable for climate modelling

Author: Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Matts Lindbladh, B. van Geel, Marie-José Gaillard, P. van der Knaap, Shinya Sugita, Chris Caseldine, Walter Dörfler, Chantal Leroyer, Jutta Lechterbeck, Mihkel Kangur, Siim Veski, Anneli Poska, Per Lagerås, Laurent Marquer, Anna-Kari Trondman, Ralph Fyfe, Philip Barratt, Florence Mazier, Manfred Rösch, Tiiu Koff, E. Fischer, Tove Hultberg, Thomas Persson, Bent Vad Odgaard, Michelle Leydet, Anna Broström, Petr Kuneš, Heikki Seppä, Harry John Betteley Birks, John Dodson, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Fraser J.G. Mitchell, Lucia Wick, Laimdota Kalnina, Leif Björkman, Claire L. Twiddle, S. M. Peglar, Rémi David, Anne E. Bjune, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Department of Geology, Lund University [Lund], Northern Rivers Institute, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Department of Biology and Bjerkness Centre for Climate Research, Uni Research Climate, Uni Research Ltd, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria, Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria-Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria, Department of Geology, Quaternary Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Institute fur Ur und fruhgeschichte, Department of Paleoecology and landscape Ecology, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen]-Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences [Riga], University of Latvia (LU), Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Swedish National Heritage Board, Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeology, University of Gdańsk (UG)-University of Gdańsk (UG), State Office for cultural Heritage Baden-Wuerttemberg, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botany Department, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Trinity College Dublin, Department of Geoscience [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], P.O. Box 64, Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), University of Basel (Unibas), VR 349-2007-8705, Swedish [VR] Research Council, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen-Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI), Department of Geosciences and Geography, Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU)
Subjects: DYNAMICS, Climate Change, Biodiversity, SOURCE AREA, Land cover, 580 Plants (Botany), medicine.disease_cause, 114 Physical sciences, pollen data, FUTURE, Deforestation, Pollen, medicine, Environmental Chemistry, ALGORITHM, 1172 Environmental sciences, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, REVEALS model, OPENNESS, Plant Dispersal, QUATERNARY PALYNOLOGICAL DATABASE, SOUTHERN SWEDEN, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Models, Theoretical, 15. Life on land, Evergreen, quantitative past land cover, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, Europe, Deciduous, Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400 [VDP], Mathematics and natural scienses: 400 [VDP], 13. Climate action, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, plant-functional types, REVEALS-MODEL, CARBON-CYCLE
Abstract: A contribution to the PAGES Focus 4 Land Use and Cover Theme ABSTRACT: We present quantitative reconstructions of regional vegetation cover in north western Europe western Europe north of the Alps and eastern Europe for five time windows in the Holocene [around 6k 3k 0.5k 0.2k and 0.05k calendar years before present (bp)] at a 1° × 1° spatial scale with the objective of producing vegetation descriptions suitable for climate modelling. The REVEALS model was applied on 636 pollen records from lakes and bogs to reconstruct the past cover of 25 plant taxa grouped into 10 plant functional types and three land cover types [evergreen trees summer green (deciduous) trees and open land]. The model corrects for some of the biases in pollen percentages by using pollen productivity estimates and fall speeds of pollen and by applying simple but robust models of pollen dispersal and deposition. The emerging patterns of tree migration and deforestation between 6k bp and modern time in the REVEALS estimates agree with our general understanding of the vegetation history of Europe based on pollen percentages. However the degree of anthropogenic deforestation (i.e. cover of cultivated and grazing land) at 3k 0.5k and 0.2k bp is significantly higher than deduced from pollen percentages. This is also the case at 6k in some parts of Europe in particular Britain and Ireland. Furthermore the relationship between summer green and evergreen trees and between individual tree taxa differs significantly when expressed as pollen percentages or as REVEALS estimates of tree cover. For instance when Pinus is dominant over Picea as pollen percentages Picea is dominant over Pinus as REVEALS estimates. These differences play a major role in the reconstruction of European landscapes and for the study of land cover–climate interactions biodiversity and human resources.
Published: 2015

23. Assessing the state of marine (benthic) biodiversity in the Northeast Atlantic

Author: Guérin, Laurent, McQuatters-Gollop, Abigail, Station marine Dinard, Centre De Recherche et d'Enseignement sur les Systèmes Côtiers (CRESCO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Patrimoine naturel (PatriNat), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), Plymouth University, and Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania
Subjects: [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; The Northeast Atlantic, a highly productive maritime area, has been exposed to a wide range of direct human pressures, such as fishing, shipping, coastal development, pollution, and non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions, in addition to anthropogenically-driven global climate change. Nonetheless, this regional sea supports a high diversity of species and habitats, whose functioning provides a variety of ecosystem services, essential for human welfare. In 2017, OSPAR, the Northeast Atlantic Regional Seas Commission, delivered an assessment of marine biodiversity for the Northeast Atlantic, including that of benthic temperate reef communities. This assessment examined biodiversity indicators separately to identify changes in Northeast Atlantic biodiversity. Here, we expand on this work and for the first time, a semi-quantitative approach is applied to evaluate holistically the state of Northeast Atlantic benthic marine biodiversity, including benthic-pelagic coupling and xeno-biodiversity (i.e. NIS). Our analysis reveals widespread degradation in marine benthic ecosystems and biodiversity, much of which is likely the result of cumulative effects of multiple human activities, such as overexploitation, the introduction of NIS, and climate change. The status of many indicators, however, is uncertain due to gaps in data, unclear pressure-state relationships, and the non-linear influence of some pressures on biodiversity indicators. Lessons learned from this regional assessment will drive future improvement methods to progress towards a better integrated assessment of wide-scale marine benthic ecosystems Synergies between science and policy throughout the assessment process were identified as a critical enabler to delivering holistic and scientifically-robust biodiversity assessments.
Published: 2023

24. Tritiated steel micro-particles: computational dosimetry and prediction of radiation-induced dna damage for in vitro cell culture exposures

Author: Alice Mentana, Yordenca Lamartinière, Thierry Orsière, Véronique Malard, Mickaël Payet, Danielle Slomberg, Isabella Guardamagna, Leonardo Lonati, Cristian Grisolia, Awadhesh Jha, Laurence Lebaron-Jacobs, Jerome Rose, Andrea Ottolenghi, Giorgio Baiocco, Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (ex-IBEB) (BIAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Interactions Protéine Métal (IPM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), and European Project: 754586,TRANSAT
Subjects: Radiation, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Biophysics, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract: International audience; Biological effects of radioactive particles can be experimentally investigated in vitro as a function of particle concentration, specific activity and exposure time. However, a careful dosimetric analysis is needed to elucidate the role of radiation emitted by radioactive products in inducing cyto- and geno-toxicity: the quantification of radiation dose is essential to eventually inform dose-risk correlations. This is even more fundamental when radioactive particles are short-range emitters and when they have a chemical speciation that might further concur to the heterogeneity of energy deposition at the cellular and sub-cellular level. To this aim, we need to use computational models. In this work, we made use of a Monte Carlo radiation transport code to perform a computational dosimetric reconstruction for in vitro exposure of cells to tritiated steel particles of micrometric size. Particles of this kind have been identified as worth of attention in nuclear power industry and research: tritium easily permeates in steel elements of nuclear reactor machinery, and mechanical operations on these elements (e.g., sawing) during decommissioning of old facilities can result in particle dispersion, leading to human exposure via inhalation. Considering the software replica of a representative in vitro setup to study the effect of such particles, we therefore modelled the radiation field due to the presence of particles in proximity of cells. We developed a computational approach to reconstruct the dose range to individual cell nuclei in contact with a particle, as well as the fraction of “hit” cells and the average dose for the whole cell population, as a function of particle concentration in the culture medium. The dosimetric analysis also provided the basis to make predictions on tritium-induced DNA damage: we estimated the dose-dependent expected yield of DNA double strand breaks due to tritiated steel particle radiation, as an indicator of their expected biological effectiveness.
Published: 2023

25. On the dynamics of the adenylate energy system: homeorhesis vs homeostasis

Author: Jesus M. Cortes, Mathieu Desroches, Luis Martínez, Serafim Rodrigues, Edelmira Valero, Iker Malaina, Ildefonso M. De la Fuente, University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] ( UPV/EHU ), BioCruces Research Institute, University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] ( UPV/EHU ) -Cruces University Hospital, IKERBASQUE, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain, University of Castilla-La Mancha ( UCLM ), Multiscale dYnamiCs in neuroENdocrine AxEs ( Mycenae ), Inria Paris-Rocquencourt, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ) -Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique ( Inria ), Plymouth University, U.K., University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU)-Hospital Universitario Cruces = Cruces University Hospital, University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Multiscale dYnamiCs in neuroENdocrine AxEs (Mycenae), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Plymouth University, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)-Hospital Universitario Cruces = Cruces University Hospital, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, and Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)
Subjects: Periodicity, Bioenergetics, BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Biochemistry, Systems Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Adenosine Triphosphate, Adenine nucleotide, physarum polycephalum, Homeostasis, Energy charge, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, pancreatic beta-cell, yeast sacchcromyces-cerevisiae, Adenosine Diphosphate, AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Physical Sciences, Research Article, Adenosine monophosphate, Computer and Information Sciences, Science, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], [ MATH.MATH-DS ] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Adenylate kinase, Biology, cellular metabolic structure, Models, Biological, 03 medical and health sciences, Animals, Humans, Computer Simulation, 030304 developmental biology, long-range correlations, Homeorhesis, MEDICINE, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, intracellular ATP concentration, Biology and Life Sciences, tobacco BY-2 cells, Adenosine Monophosphate, Adenosine diphosphate, Kinetics, Metabolism, chemistry, Nonlinear Dynamics, Biophysics, escherichia-coli, biochemical oscillations, Energy Metabolism, Adenosine triphosphate, adenine-nucleotide concentrations, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mathematics
Abstract: Biochemical energy is the fundamental element that maintains both the adequate turnover of the biomolecular structures and the functional metabolic viability of unicellular organisms. The levels of ATP, ADP and AMP reflect roughly the energetic status of the cell, and a precise ratio relating them was proposed by Atkinson as the adenylate energy charge (AEC). Under growth-phase conditions, cells maintain the AEC within narrow physiological values, despite extremely large fluctuations in the adenine nucleotides concentration. Intensive experimental studies have shown that these AEC values are preserved in a wide variety of organisms, both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Here, to understand some of the functional elements involved in the cellular energy status, we present a computational model conformed by some key essential parts of the adenylate energy system. Specifically, we have considered (I) the main synthesis process of ATP from ADP, (II) the main catalyzed phosphotransfer reaction for interconversion of ATP, ADP and AMP, (III) the enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP yielding ADP, and (IV) the enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP providing AMP. This leads to a dynamic metabolic model (with the form of a delayed differential system) in which the enzymatic rate equations and all the physiological kinetic parameters have been explicitly considered and experimentally tested in vitro. Our central hypothesis is that cells are characterized by changing energy dynamics (homeorhesis). The results show that the AEC presents stable transitions between steady states and periodic oscillations and, in agreement with experimental data these oscillations range within the narrow AEC window. Furthermore, the model shows sustained oscillations in the Gibbs free energy and in the total nucleotide pool. The present study provides a step forward towards the understanding of the fundamental principles and quantitative laws governing the adenylate energy system, which is a fundamental element for unveiling the dynamics of cellular life.
Published: 2014

26. Creating spatially continuous maps of past land cover from point estimates: A new statistical approach applied to pollen data

Author: Benjamin Smith, Johan Lindström, Anne E. Bjune, Shinya Sugita, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Anneli Poska, Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Ralph Fyfe, Jed O. Kaplan, Marie-José Gaillard, Anna-Kari Trondman, Mikhel Kangur, H. John B. Birks, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Behnaz Pirzamanbein, Mathematical Statistics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University [Lund], Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Department of Geology, Institute for Environmental Sciences [Geneva] (ISE), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Department of Biology and Bjerkness Centre for Climate Research, Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen]-Georg-August-University [Göttingen], and Laboratory of palaecology and archeobotany
Subjects: Land cover, Deviance (statistics), Information Criteria, Compositional data, Gaussian Markov random fields, spatial modeling, Point estimation, Probability Theory and Statistics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecology, Gaussian Markov randaom fields, Ecological Modeling, Statistical model, Vegetation, palaecology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Spatial modeling, compositional data, 13. Climate action, pollen, Paleoecology, Pollen, Environmental science, Physical geography, Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Reliable estimates of past land cover are critical for assessing potential effects of anthropogenic land-cover changes on past earth surface-climate feedbacks and landscape complexity. Fossil pollen records from lakes and bogs have provided important information on past natural and human-induced vegetation cover. However, those records provide only point estimates of past land cover, and not the spatially continuous maps at regional and sub-continental scales needed for climate modelling. We propose a set of statistical models that create spatially continuous maps of past land cover by combining two data sets: 1) pollen-based point estimates of past land cover (from the REVEALS model) and 2) spatially continuous estimates of past land cover, obtained by combining simulated potential vegetation (from LPJ-GUESS) with an anthropogenic land-cover change scenario (KK10). The proposed models rely on statistical methodology for compositional data and use Gaussian Markov Random Fields to model spatial dependencies in the data. Land-cover reconstructions are presented for three time windows in Europe: 0.05, 0.2, and 6 ka years before present (BP). The models are evaluated through cross-validation, deviance information criteria and by comparing the reconstruction of the 0.05 ka time window to the present-day land-cover data compiled by the European Forest Institute (EFI). For 0.05 ka, the proposed models provide reconstructions that are closer to the EFI data than either the REVEALS- or LPJ-GUESS/KK10-based estimates; thus the statistical combination of the two estimates improves the reconstruction. The reconstruction by the proposed models for 0.2 ka is also good. For 6 ka, however, the large differences between the REVEALS- and LPJ-GUESS/KK10-based estimates reduce the reliability of the proposed models. Possible reasons for the increased differences between REVEALS and LPJ-GUESS/KK10 for older time periods and further improvement of the proposed models are discussed.
Published: 2014

27. Holocene changes in vegetation composition in northern Europe: why quantitative pollen-based vegetation reconstructions matter

Author: Anneli Poska, Anna-Kari Trondman, Jörg Christiansen, Mihkel Kangur, Bent Vad Odgaard, Manuela Schult, Ulrike Herzschuh, Marie-José Gaillard, Ralph Fyfe, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, H. John B. Birks, Kevin J. Edwards, Sebastian Lorenz, Thomas Giesecke, Shinya Sugita, Teija Alenius, Heikki Seppä, John Dodson, Anne E. Bjune, Laurent Marquer, Florence Mazier, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Institute of Geosciences, Aarthus University, Department of Philosophy, History, Culture and Art Studies, Department of Biology and Bjerkness Centre for Climate Research, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen]-Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Departments of Geography and Environmental and Archaeology, School of Geosciences, Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Department of geography and Geology, Ernst Moritz Amdt University, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], Department of Geosciences and Geography [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], and University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biome, Biodiversity, Northern Europe, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Diversity index, Abundance (ecology), Pollen, medicine, ta615, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Quantitative regional plant abundance Rate of compositional change, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Geology, Human impact, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites) model Vegetation diversity indices, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Species evenness, Institut für Geowissenschaften
Abstract: We present pollen-based reconstructions of the spatio-temporal dynamics of northern European regional vegetation abundance through the Holocene. We apply the Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model using fossil pollen records from eighteen sites within five modern biomes in the region. The eighteen sites are classified into four time-trajectory types on the basis of principal components analysis of both the REVEALS-based vegetation estimates (RVs) and the pollen percentage (PPs). The four trajectory types are more clearly separated for RVs than PPs. Further, the timing of major Holocene shifts, rates of compositional change, and diversity indices (turnover and evenness) differ between RVs and PPs. The differences are due to the reduction by REVEALS of biases in fossil pollen assemblages caused by different basin size, and inter-taxonomic differences in pollen productivity and dispersal properties. For example, in comparison to the PPs, the RVs show an earlier increase in Corylus and Ulmus in the early-Holocene and a more pronounced increase in grassland and deforested areas since the mid-Holocene. The results suggest that the influence of deforestation and agricultural activities on plant composition and abundance from Neolithic times was stronger than previously inferred from PPs. Relative to PPs, RVs show a more rapid compositional change, a largest decrease in turnover, and less variable evenness in most of northern Europe since 5200 cal yr BP. All these changes are primarily related to the strong impact of human activities on the vegetation. This study demonstrates that RV-based estimates of diversity indices, timing of shifts, and rates of change in reconstructed vegetation provide new insights into the timing and magnitude of major human distribution on Holocene regional, vegetation, feature that are critical in the assessment of human impact on vegetation, land-cover, biodiversity, and climate in the past. (C) Elsevier Ltd.All tights reserved.
Published: 2014

28. O denerwującej niemożliwości inkluzywnej architektury

Author: Nawratek, Krzysztof, School of Architecture, Design and Environment Plymouth University, UK, and Dr Krzysztof Nawratek – dyrektor studiów magisterskich w szkole architektury w Plymouth University (UK), teoretyk miasta, autor książek Ideologie w przestrzeni. Próby demistyfikacji (Kraków 2005), Miasto jako idea polityczna (Kraków 2008, wydanie angielskie Plymouth 2011), Dziury w całym. Wstęp do miejskich rewolucji (Warszawa 2012, wydanie angielskie Washington 2012). W przygotowaniu Re-industrialisation and progressive urbanism (Nowy Jork 2015), [Architecture and Urbanism of] Radical Inclusivity (Plymouth 2015) oraz Autonomia, terytorium i ekonomia mocy. Studia nad miastem po-kapitalistycznym (Warszawa 2015).
Subjects: postmodernizm, Theilard de Chardin, Orygenes, Solieri, architektura
Abstract: Artykuł rozważa możliwość i warunki zaistnienia architektury i przestrzeni inkluzywnej, reinterpretując i „uprzestrzenniając” idee powszechnego zbawienia (Orygenes) oraz punktu Omega (Theilard de Chardin, w interpretacji Paolo Solierego). Powołując się na chrześcijański „problem piekła” jako przestrzeni z definicji ekskluzywnej, artykuł konstruuje model architektury, która ów ekskluzywizm przezwycięża. Artykuł przywołuje przykłady zrealizowanych obiektów oraz elementy postmodernistycznych teorii architektonicznych, by pokazać możliwość dalszego rozwoju architektury poza obecnie obowiązujący paradygmat autonomicznego obiektu o zdefiniowanych funkcjach.
Published: 2014

29. The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project

Author: Basil A. S. Davis, Marco Zanon, Pamella Collins, Achille Mauri, Johan Bakker, Doris Barboni, Alexandra Barthelmes, Celia Beaudouin, Anne E. Bjune, Elissaveta Bozilova, Richard H. W. Bradshaw, Barbara A. Brayshay, Simon Brewer, Elisabetta Brugiapaglia, Jane Bunting, Simon E. Connor, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Kevin Edwards, Ana Ejarque, Patricia Fall, Assunta Florenzano, Ralph Fyfe, Didier Galop, Marco Giardini, Thomas Giesecke, Michael J. Grant, Jöel Guiot, Susanne Jahns, Vlasta Jankovská, Stephen Juggins, Marina Kahrmann, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Norbert Kühl, Petr Kuneš, Elena G. Lapteva, Suzanne A. G. Leroy, Michelle Leydet, José Guiot, José Antonio López Sáez, Alessia Masi, Isabelle Matthias, Florence Mazier, Vivika Meltsov, Anna Maria Mercuri, Yannick Miras, Fraser J. G. Mitchell, Jesse L. Morris, Filipa Naughton, Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Elena Novenko, Bent Odgaard, Elena Ortu, Mette Venås Overballe-Petersen, Heather S. Pardoe, Silvia M. Peglar, Irena A. Pidek, Laura Sadori, Heikki Seppä, Elena Severova, Helen Shaw, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Martin Theuerkauf, Spassimir Tonkov, Siim Veski, W. O. van der Knaap, Jacqueline F. N. van Leeuwen, Jessie Woodbridge, Marcelina Zimny, Jed O. Kaplan, López Sáez, José Antonio, ÉcolePolytechniqueFédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental, Center for Archaeological Sciences, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento de Scienze Animali, Vegetali e dell' Ambiente, Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL), Department of Geography, University of Hull-University of Hull, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ICAC, Icac, Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di biologia ambientale, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università del Molise, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Research groups, europe, pollen, epd, empd, surface sample, database, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate change, Plant Science, 580 Plants (Botany), computer.software_genre, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), Database, Pollen, medicine, EMPD, Biogeosciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Surface sample, Surface Sample, EPD, Europe, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, Geography, European Pollen Database, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, computer
Abstract: Davis, B.A.S. et al., Modern pollen samples provide an invaluable research tool for helping to interpret the quaternary fossil pollen record, allowing investigation of the relationship between pollen as the proxy and the environmental parameters such as vegetation, land-use, and climate that the pollen proxy represents. The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) is a new initiative within the European Pollen Database (EPD) to establish a publicly accessible repository of modern (surface sample) pollen data. This new database will complement the EPD, which at present holds only fossil sedimentary pollen data. The EMPD is freely available online to the scientific community and currently has information on almost 5,000 pollen samples from throughout the Euro-Siberian and Mediterranean regions, contributed by over 40 individuals and research groups. Here we describe how the EMPD was constructed, the various tables and their fields, problems and errors, quality controls, and continuing efforts to improve the available data.
Published: 2013

30. Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe

Author: Giesecke, T., Davis, B., Brewer, S., Finsinger, W., Wolters, S., Blaauw, M., de Beaulieu, J.-L., Binney, H., Fyfe, R.M., Gaillard, M.-J., Gil-Romera, G., van der Knaap, W.O., Kunes, P., Kühl, N., van Leeuwen, J.F.N., Leydet, M., Lotter, A.F., Ortu, E., Semmler, M., Bradshaw, R.H.W., Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Dep Biologie, Palaeo-ecologie, Department of Geography, University of Liverpool-University of Liverpool, ÉcolePolytechniqueFédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Palaeoecology Laboratory, University of Southampton-University of Southampton, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier ( ISEM ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Queen's University [Belfast] ( QUB ), Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie ( IMEP ), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Southampton [Southampton]-University of Southampton [Southampton], University of Plymouth-University of Plymouth, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Dep Biologie, and Palaeo-ecologie
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ SDV.BV.BOT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, Plant Science, 580 Plants (Botany), 01 natural sciences, [ SDV.SA.SF ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, law.invention, Paleontology, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, law, Plantago lanceolata, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Radiocarbon dating, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chronology, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, EPD, European pollen database, Age-depth relationships, Age uncertainty, Palaeontology, Earth Sciences, Biogeosciences, Climate Change, Anthropology, Archaeology, Vegetation, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 13. Climate action, European Pollen Database, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map), Quaternary, Geology, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: 23 páginas.- Thomas Giesecke et.al., The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we present new chronologies for most of the datasets stored in the EPD based on calibrated radiocarbon years. Age information associated with pollen diagrams is often derived from the pollen stratigraphy itself or from other sedimentological information. We reviewed these chronological tie points and assigned uncertainties to them. The steps taken to generate the new chronologies are described and the rationale for a new classification system for age uncertainties is introduced. The resulting chronologies are fit for most continental-scale questions. They may not provide the best age model for particular sites, but may be viewed as general purpose chronologies. Taxonomic particularities of the data stored in the EPD are explained. An example is given of how the database can be queried to select samples with appropriate age control as well as the suitable taxonomic level to answer a specific research question. The readers are reques, We wish to thank all those who have contributed data to the EPD. Keith Bennett provided valuable comments in discussions and to the manuscript.
Published: 2013

31. Major loss of coralline algal diversity in response to ocean acidification

Author: Marco Milazzo, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Lucia Porzio, Viviana Peña, Ben P. Harvey, Sylvain Agostini, Paulo Antunes Horta, Line Le Gall, Universidade da Coruña, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare [Palermo] (DiSTeM), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina = Federal University of Santa Catarina [Florianópolis] (UFSC), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Plymouth University, Pena V., Harvey B.P., Agostini S., Porzio L., Milazzo M., Horta P., Le Gall L., and Hall-Spencer J.M.
Subjects: macroalgae, 0106 biological sciences, ecosystem engineers, Oceans and Seas, Biodiversity, adaptation, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem engineer, Evolutionary history, Macroalgae, Algae, Climate change, Environmental Chemistry, Seawater, Photic zone, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, Adaptation, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, biodiversity, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Ocean chemistry, fungi, Coralline algae, Ocean acidification, Seaweeds, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, psbA, seaweeds, climate change, 13. Climate action, Rhodophyta, Ecosystem engineers, [SDV.EE.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Bioclimatology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, evolutionary history
Abstract: [Abstract] Calcified coralline algae are ecologically important in rocky habitats in the marine photic zone worldwide and there is growing concern that ocean acidification will severely impact them. Laboratory studies of these algae in simulated ocean acidification conditions have revealed wide variability in growth, photosynthesis and calcification responses, making it difficult to assess their future biodiversity, abundance and contribution to ecosystem function. Here, we apply molecular systematic tools to assess the impact of natural gradients in seawater carbonate chemistry on the biodiversity of coralline algae in the Mediterranean and the NW Pacific, link this to their evolutionary history and evaluate their potential future biodiversity and abundance. We found a decrease in the taxonomic diversity of coralline algae with increasing acidification with more than half of the species lost in high pCO2 conditions. Sporolithales is the oldest order (Lower Cretaceous) and diversified when ocean chemistry favoured low Mg calcite deposition; it is less diverse today and was the most sensitive to ocean acidification. Corallinales were also reduced in cover and diversity but several species survived at high pCO2; it is the most recent order of coralline algae and originated when ocean chemistry favoured aragonite and high Mg calcite deposition. The sharp decline in cover and thickness of coralline algal carbonate deposits at high pCO2 highlighted their lower fitness in response to ocean acidification. Reductions in CO2 emissions are needed to limit the risk of losing coralline algal diversity. Fieldwork in the Mediterranean was supported by the EU ‘Mediterranean Sea Acidification under a changing climate’ project (MedSeA; grant agreement 265103; MM, JH-S)
Published: 2021

32. Novel DNM1L variants impair mitochondrial dynamics through divergent mechanisms

Author: Kelsey A Nolden, John M Egner, Jack J Collier, Oliver M Russell, Charlotte L Alston, Megan C Harwig, Michael E Widlansky, Souphatta Sasorith, Inês A Barbosa, Andrew GL Douglas, Julia Baptista, Mark Walker, Deirdre E Donnelly, Andrew A Morris, Hui Jeen Tan, Manju A Kurian, Kathleen Gorman, Santosh Mordekar, Charu Deshpande, Rajib Samanta, Robert McFarland, R Blake Hill, Robert W Taylor, Monika Oláhová, Medical College of Wisconsin [Milwaukee] (MCW), Newcastle University [Newcastle], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), King‘s College London, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton, Plymouth University, Belfast City Hospital, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine [Manchester, UK] (MCGM), St Mary's Hospital Manchester-Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester]-Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT)-Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health [Manchester, UK], University of Manchester [Manchester], Central Manchester University Hospitals [Manchester, U.K.], University College of London [London] (UCL), Children's Health Ireland [Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland] (CHI), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust [London, UK], University Hospitals Leicester, and MORNET, Dominique
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Imbalances in mitochondrial and peroxisomal dynamics are associated with a spectrum of human neurological disorders. Mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission both involve dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) oligomerisation and membrane constriction, although the precise biophysical mechanisms by which distinct DRP1 variants affect the assembly and activity of different DRP1 domains remains largely unexplored. We analysed four unreported de novo heterozygous variants in the dynamin-1-like geneDNM1L, affecting different highly conserved DRP1 domains, leading to developmental delay, seizures, hypotonia, and/or rare cardiac complications in infancy. Single-nucleotide DRP1 stalk domain variants were found to correlate with more severe clinical phenotypes, with in vitro recombinant human DRP1 mutants demonstrating greater impairments in protein oligomerisation, DRP1-peroxisomal recruitment, and both mitochondrial and peroxisomal hyperfusion compared to GTPase or GTPase-effector domain variants. Importantly, we identified a novel mechanism of pathogenesis, where a p.Arg710Gly variant uncouples DRP1 assembly from assembly-stimulated GTP hydrolysis, providing mechanistic insight into how assembly-state information is transmitted to the GTPase domain. Together, these data reveal that discrete, pathologicalDNM1Lvariants impair mitochondrial network maintenance by divergent mechanisms.
Published: 2022

33. Holocene land-cover reconstructions for studies on land cover-climate feedbacks

Author: Anne Birgitte Nielsen, Kari Loe Hjelle, Paul A. Miller, Anna-Kari Trondman, Leif Björkman, Laimdota Kalnina, H. von Stedingk, Ulf Segerström, Thomas Hickler, Benjamin Smith, SM Peglar, Mats Rundgren, Ulla Kokfelt, Ralph Fyfe, Per Lagerås, Gustav Strandberg, Heikki Seppä, Harry John Betteley Birks, Małgorzata Latałowa, Thomas Giesecke, Bent Vad Odgaard, Anne E. Bjune, Matts Lindbladh, L. Balakauskas, Michelle Leydet, Anna Broström, Florence Mazier, Carsten Lemmen, W.O. van der Knaap, Marie-José Gaillard, Jörgen Olofsson, Lena Barnekow, Anneli Poska, Tiiu Koff, Shinya Sugita, Jutta Lechterbeck, Mihkel Kangur, Jed O. Kaplan, Petr Kuneš, Teija Alenius, Erik Kjellström, School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kalmar-University of Kalmar, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Lund University [Lund], ARVE Group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Institute of Earth Science, Institute of Earth Sciences, Aarhus University [Aarhus]-Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institute for Coastel Research, Institute for Coastel research (GKSS), Institute for Coastel research-Institute for Coastel research, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen]-Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Institute of Cultural Research, Department of Geology and Mineralogy [Vilnius], Vilnius University [Vilnius], Department of Biology, Department of Biological Sciences [Bergen] (BIO / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (BCCR), Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria, Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria-Viscum pollenanalys and miljohistoria, Bergen Museum (UiB), Faculty of Geography and Earth sciences, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences [Riga], University of Latvia (LU)-University of Latvia (LU), Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern-University of Bern, Swedish National Heritage Board, Swedish National Heritage Board-Swedish National Heritage Board, Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeology, University of Gdańsk (UG)-University of Gdańsk (UG), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landesamt fur Denkmalpfege, Landesamt fur Denkmalpfege-Landesamt fur Denkmalpfege, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Forest ecology and Management, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Department of Geology, P.O. Box 64, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen-Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Department of Philosophy, History and Art Studies, Department of Geosciences and Geography, and Archaeology
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, REGIONAL VEGETATION, 01 natural sciences, Agricultural land, Abundance (ecology), ddc:551, new project LANDCLIM, ddc:550, land-cover change, lcsh:TD169-171.8, GLACIAL-MAXIMUM, Holocene, lcsh:Environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Climatology, Global and Planetary Change, SOUTHERN SWEDEN, Geology, Last Glacial Maximum, Vegetation, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, POLLEN-REPRESENTATION, LANDCLIM, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Geologi, Terrestrial ecosystem, CARBON-CYCLE, land cover-climate feedbacks, 010506 paleontology, 117 Geography, Environmental sciences, lcsh:Environmental protection, education, Annan geovetenskap och miljövetenskap, Land cover, Land cover change, lcsh:Environmental pollution, REVEALS, SIMULATION APPROACH, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, EUROPEAN CLIMATE, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, QUANTITATIVE RECONSTRUCTION, PAST VEGETATION, NW Europe, TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, Earth sciences, 13. Climate action, Paleoecology, Other Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Abstract: The major objectives of this paper are: (1) to review the pros and cons of the scenarios of past anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC) developed during the last ten years, (2) to discuss issues related to pollen-based reconstruction of the past land-cover and introduce a new method, REVEALS (Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites), to infer long-term records of past land-cover from pollen data, (3) to present a new project (LANDCLIM: LAND cover – CLIMate interactions in NW Europe during the Holocene) currently underway, and show preliminary results of REVEALS reconstructions of the regional land-cover in the Czech Republic for five selected time windows of the Holocene, and (4) to discuss the implications and future directions in climate and vegetation/land-cover modeling, and in the assessment of the effects of human-induced changes in land-cover on the regional climate through altered feedbacks. The existing ALCC scenarios show large discrepancies between them, and few cover time periods older than AD 800. When these scenarios are used to assess the impact of human land-use on climate, contrasting results are obtained. It emphasizes the need for methods such as the REVEALS model-based land-cover reconstructions. They might help to fine-tune descriptions of past land-cover and lead to a better understanding of how long-term changes in ALCC might have influenced climate. The REVEALS model is demonstrated to provide better estimates of the regional vegetation/landcover changes than the traditional use of pollen percentages. This will achieve a robust assessment of land cover at regional- to continental-spatial scale throughout the Holocene. We present maps of REVEALS estimates for the percentage cover of 10 plant functional types (PFTs) at 200 BP and 6000 BP, and of the two open-land PFTs “grassland” and “agricultural land” at five time-windows from 6000 BP to recent time. The LANDCLIM results are expected to provide crucial data to reassess ALCC estimates for a better understanding of the land suface-atmosphere interactions. NordForsk LANDCLIM VR LANDCLIM MERGE
Published: 2010

34. Focused wave interactions with floating structures: a blind comparative study

Author: Jun Zang, Guillaume Ducrozet, Jennifer Van Rij, Martyn Hann, Alison Williams, Harry B. Bingham, Jack Hughes, Haoyu Ding, SA Brown, Hao Chen, Shiqiang Yan, Ian Masters, Benjamin Bouscasse, Christian Windt, Pal Schmitt, Qiang Chen, Zhihua Ma, Josh Davidson, Junxian X Wang, Ling Qian, Deborah Greaves, Giuseppe Giorgi, Zhihua Xie, Qingwei Ma, Edward Ransley, Jinghua H Wang, Zaibin Lin, Yi Hsiang Yu, John V. Ringwood, Zhaobin Li, Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plymouth University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Shanghai Mental Health Center, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), College of Engineering [Swansea], Swansea University, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Spatio-Temporal Activity Recognition Systems (STARS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)
Subjects: Renewable energy, Dynamic time warping, Computer science, fluid mechanics, Hydraulics & hydrodynamics, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, hydraulics & hydrodynamics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0201 civil engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Fluid mechanics, Cylinder, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, Offshore engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Simulation, Civil and Structural Engineering, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph], Numerical analysis, Linear model, Mooring, Nonlinear system, TA, Mechanics of Materials, Offshore geotechnical engineering, offshore engineering
Abstract: International audience; The paper presents results from the Collaborative Computational Project in Wave Structure Interaction (CCP-WSI) Blind Test Series 2. Without prior access to the physical data, participants, with numerical methods ranging from low-fidelity linear models to fully non-linear Navier–Stokes (NS) solvers, simulate the interaction between focused wave events and two separate, taut-moored, floating structures: a hemispherical-bottomed cylinder and a cylinder with a moonpool. The ‘blind’ numerical predictions for heave, surge, pitch and mooring load, are compared against physical measurements. Dynamic time warping is used to quantify the predictive capability of participating methods. In general, NS solvers and hybrid methods give more accurate predictions; however, heave amplitude is predicted reasonably well by all methods; and a WEC-Sim implementation, with CFD-informed viscous terms, demonstrates comparable predictive capability to even the stronger NS solvers. Large variations in the solutions are observed (even among similar methods), highlighting a need for standardisation in the numerical modelling of WSI problems.
Published: 2021

35. The European Pollen Database: past efforts and current activities

Author: Pavel E. Tarasov, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Petr Kuneš, Heather Binney, André F. Lotter, Thomas Giesecke, Walter Finsinger, Marie-José Gaillard, Eric C. Grimm, Ralph Fyfe, Norbert Kühl, Spassimir Tonkov, Anne Le Flao, Graciela Gil-Romera, Richard H. W. Bradshaw, Simon Brewer, Brian Huntley, Michelle Leydet, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Palaeoecology Laboratory, University of Southampton-University of Southampton, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Utrecht University Palaeoecology, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology (UTRECHT UNIVERSITY), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Department of Geography, University of Liverpool, Freie Universität Berlin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Group method of data handling, Computer science, Earth Sciences, Archaeology, Anthropology, Climate Change, Biogeosciences, Paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, Plant Science, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Task (project management), [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Pollen, medicine, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Pollen count, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, database, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Palynology, Palaeontology, EPD, European Pollen Database, Data accuracy, Data archive, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Data science, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Europe, pollen analysis, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for the reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge of past land-cover is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Pollen Database (EPD) was established in the late 1980s and developed in the early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, exchanging, and analysing Quaternary pollen data from Europe. It provides a forum for scientists to meet and engage in collaborative investigations or data analysis. In May 2007 several EPD support groups were developed to assist in the task of maintaining and updating the database. The mapping and data accuracy work group (MADCAP) aims to produce an atlas of past plant distributions as detected by pollen analyses in Europe, in order to meet the growing need for this data from palaeoecologists and the wider scientific community. Due to data handling problems in the past, a significant number of EPD datasets have errors. The initial task of the work group, therefore, was a systematic review of pollen sequences, in order to identify and correct errors. The EPD currently (January 2009) archives 1,032 pollen sequences, of which 668 have age-depth models that allow chronological comparison. Many errors have been identified and corrected, or flagged for users, most notably errors in the pollen count data. The application of spatial analyses to pollen data is related to the number of data points that are available for analysis. We therefore take this opportunity to encourage the submission of pollen analytical results to the EPD or other relevant pollen databases. Only in this way will the scientific community be able to gain a better understanding of past vegetation dynamics. peerReviewed
Published: 2009

36. Pollen productivity estimates of key European plant taxa for quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation: a review

Author: Brostrom, Anna, Nielsen, Anne Brigitte, Gaillard, M.J., Hjelle, Kari, Mazier, Florence, Binney, Heather, Bunting, Jane, Fyfe, Ralph, Meltsov, Viveca, Poska, Anneli, Rasanen, Satu, Soepboer, Welmoed, von Stedingk, Henirk, Sugita, Shinya, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Department of Quaternary Geology, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)-Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), School of Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, University of Kalmar, Natural History Collections, University of Bergen (UiB)-University of Bergen (UiB), Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Palaeoecology Laboratory, University of Southampton-University of Southampton, Department of Geography, University of Hull-University of Hull, School of Geography, Plymouth University-Plymouth University, Institute of Geology at Tallin University of technology, Institute of Geology at Tallin University of Technology, University of Technology-University of Technology, Department of Geography [Oulu], University of Oulu, Department of Palaeoecology, Utrecht University [Utrecht]-Utrecht University [Utrecht], Department of Forest ecology and Management, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), University of Minnesota System, and Gil, Emilie
Subjects: Pollen productivity estimates (PPE, Herb taxa, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Tree taxa, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Landscape reconstruction algorithm (LRA), Moss polsters, Lake sediments
Abstract: International audience; Information on the spatial distribution of past vegetation on local, regional and global scales is increasingly used within climate modelling, nature conservancy and archaeology. It is possible to obtain such information from fossil pollen records in lakes and bogs using the landscape reconstruction algorithm (LRA) and its two models, REVEALS and LOVE. These models assume that reliable pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) are available for the plant taxa involved in the quantitative reconstruc -tions of past vegetation, and that PPEs are constant through time. This paper presents and discusses the PPEs for 15 tree and 18 herb taxa obtained in nine study areas of Europe. Observed differences in PPEs between regions may be explained by methodological issues and environmental variables, of which climate and related factors such as reproduction strategies and growth forms appear to be the most important. An evaluation of the PPEs at hand so far suggests that they can be used in modelling applications and quantitative reconstructions of pastvegetation, provided that consideration of past environmental variability within the region is used to inform selection of PPEs, and bearing in mind that PPEs might have changed through time as a response to climate change. Application of a range of possible PPEs will allow a better evaluation of the results.
Published: 2008

37. Biotic and abiotic degradation of suspended particulate lipids along a transect in the Chukchi Sea

Author: Jean-François Rontani, Lukas Smik, Sun-Yong Ha, Jun-oh Min, Simon T. Belt, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Plymouth University, and Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI)
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Chemistry, Oceanography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

38. Big Data Palaeoecology reveals significant variation in Black Death mortality in Europe [Preprint]

Author: Izdebski, A., Guzowski, P., Poniat, R., Masci, L., Palli, J., Vignola, C., Bauch, M., Cocozza, C., Fernandes, R., Ljungqvist, F. C., Newfield, T., Seim, A., Abel-Schaad, D., Alba-Sánchez, F., Björkman, L., Brauer, A., Brown, A., Czerwiński, S., Ejarque, A., Fiłoc, M., Florenzano, A., Fredh, E. D., Fyfe, R., Jasiunas, N., Kołaczek, P., Kouli, K., 1, Kozáková, R., Kupryjanowicz, M., Lagerås, P., Lamentowicz, M., Lindbladh, M., López-Sáez, J. A., Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, R., Marcisz, K., Mazier, F., Mensing, S., Mercuri, A. M., Milecka, K., Miras, Y., Noryśkiewicz, A. M., Novenko, E., Obremska, M., Panajiotidis, S., Papadopoulou, M. L., Pędziszewska, A., Pérez-Díaz, S., Piovesan, G., Pluskowski, A., Pokorny, P., Poska, A., Reitalu, T., Rösch, M., Sadori, L., Sá Ferreira, C., Sebag, D., Słowiński, M., Stančikaitė, M., Stivrins, N., Tunno, I., Veski, S., Wacnik, A., Masi, A., Universidad de Cantabria, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bialystok, Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo], Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Universität Leipzig, ArchaeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Stockholm University, Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study [Uppsala], Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA, Department of biology, georgetown University, Washington DC, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, Institute of Botany [Innsbruck], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden, German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam], University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Wessex Archaeology [Salisbury], Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland, Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, University of Latvia (LU), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Department of Geography, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, USA, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń], MSU Faculty of Geography [Moscow], Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Laboratory of Forest Botany-Geobotany, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, University of Cologne, Faculty of Biology [Gdansk, Poland], University of Gdańsk (UG), Department of Geography, Urban and Regional Planning, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Centre for Theoretical Studies, Charles University, Czechia (CTS), Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius, Lithuania, Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrence, CA, USA, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, European Project: 263735,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-StG_20091209,TEC(2010), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745, Jena, Germany, Faculty of History and International Relations, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland, Department of Earth Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe (GWZO), Leipzig, Germany, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], GFZ-German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, Potsdam, Germany, Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany, Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, Salisbury, UK, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Institute of Archeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republi, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia., Department of Quaternary Research, Institute of Geography Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., Laboratory of Palaeoecology and Archaeobotany, Department of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland., Charles University [Prague] (CU), Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, Lund University [Lund], Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia., Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia, University of Tartu, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], IFP Energies Nouvelles, Earth Sciences and Environmental Technologies Division, Rueil-Malmaison, Rueil-Malmaison, Past Landscape Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland., 3 Department of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland., Institute of History, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland, Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (Dafne), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy., Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Botany, University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland., Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISEM, UMR 5554, Université Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Science, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Climate Change Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland, Department of Geology and Geoenvironment, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Anthropocene Research Unit, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, CNRS, HNHP UMR 7194, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Paris, France, Institute of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland., Centre for Climate Change Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland, Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (Deb), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, Centre for Theoretical Study, Charles University and Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic., Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Department of Pre- and Early History and West Asian Archaeology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Department of Geography, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Institute of Latvian History, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Max Planck Society, Estonian Research Council, European Research Council, Latvian Council of Science, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Swedish Research Council, Volkswagen Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], López Sáez, José Antonio, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)
Subjects: Land-use changes, Ecology, black death pandemic, Humaniora: 000::Arkeologi: 090 [VDP], palaeoecological data, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, paleoecology, palynology, big data, paleoecology, Europe, big data, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, palynology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: The authors acknowledge the following funding sources: Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group (A.I., A.M. and C.V.); Estonian Research Council #PRG323, PUT1173 (A.Pos., T.R., N.S. and S.V.); European Research Council #FP7 263735 (A.Bro. and A.Plu.), #MSC 655659 (A.E.); Georgetown Environmental Initiative (T.N.); Latvian Council of Science #LZP-2020/2-0060 (N.S. and N.J.); LLNL-JRNL-820941 (I.T.); NSF award #GSS-1228126 (S.M.); Polish-Swiss Research Programme #013/2010 CLIMPEAT (M.Lam.), #086/2010 CLIMPOL (A.W.); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education #N N306 275635 (M.K.); Polish National Science Centre #2019/03/X/ST10/00849 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/01656 (M.Lam.), #2015/17/B/ST10/03430 (M.So.), #2018/31/B/ST10/02498 (M.So.), #N N304 319636 (A.W.); SCIEX #12.286 (K.Mar.); Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness #REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (J.A.L.S.); Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports #FPU16/00676 (R.L.L.); Swedish Research Council #421-2010-1570 (P.L.), #2018-01272 (F.C.L. and A.S.); Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly (M.B.), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation #RTI2018-101714-B-I00 (F.A.S. and D.A.S.), OP RDE, MEYS project #CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728 (P.P.)., The Black Death (1347–1352 ce) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe’s population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic’s causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, ‘big data palaeoecology’, which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death’s mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death’s mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on historical pandemics., Max Planck Independent Research Group, Palaeo-Science and History Group, Estonian Research Council PRG323 PUT1173, European Research Council (ERC) European Commission FP7 263735 MSC 655659, Georgetown Environmental Initiative, Latvian Ministry of Education and Science LZP-2020/2-0060 LLNL-JRNL-820941, National Science Foundation (NSF) GSS-1228126, Polish-Swiss Research Programme 013/2010 086/2010, Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland N306 275635, Polish National Science Centre 2019/03/X/ST10/00849 2015/17/B/ST10/01656 2015/17/B/ST10/03430 2018/31/B/ST10/02498 N N304 319636, SCIEX 12.286, Spanish Government REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P FPU16/00676, Swedish Research Council, European Commission 421-2010-1570 2018-01272, Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship Dantean Anomaly, Spanish Government RTI2018-101714-B-I00, OP RDE, MEYS project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000728
Published: 2022

39. Biallelic variants in TRAPPC10 cause a microcephalic TRAPPopathy disorder in humans and mice

Author: Lettie E. Rawlins, Hashem Almousa, Shazia Khan, Stephan C. Collins, Miroslav P. Milev, Joseph Leslie, Djenann Saint-Dic, Valeed Khan, Ana Maria Hincapie, Jacob O. Day, Lucy McGavin, Christine Rowley, Gaurav V. Harlalka, Valerie E. Vancollie, Wasim Ahmad, Christopher J. Lelliott, Asma Gul, Binnaz Yalcin, Andrew H. Crosby, Michael Sacher, Emma L. Baple, Rawlins, Lettie E [0000-0002-6764-253X], Almousa, Hashem [0000-0003-2679-5350], Collins, Stephan C [0000-0002-1533-3380], Leslie, Joseph [0000-0003-0972-8818], Saint-Dic, Djenann [0000-0001-9328-7108], Khan, Valeed [0000-0002-3840-5439], Day, Jacob O [0000-0002-6020-510X], Harlalka, Gaurav V [0000-0001-8968-2447], Vancollie, Valerie E [0000-0003-1547-1975], Lelliott, Christopher J [0000-0001-8087-4530], Yalcin, Binnaz [0000-0002-1924-6807], Crosby, Andrew H [0000-0003-3667-9054], Sacher, Michael [0000-0003-2926-5064], Baple, Emma L [0000-0002-6637-3411], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital [Exeter, UK] (RDEH), Concordia University [Montreal], International Islamic University [Islamabad, Pakistan] (2IU), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Rehman Medical Institute [Peshawar, Pakistan] (RMI), Plymouth University, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust [Plymouth, UK] (UHP), The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy [Malvihir, Buldana, India] (RSCP), Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], and Dupuis, Christine
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cancer Research, Mice, Phenotype, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genetics, Microcephaly, Animals, Humans, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: The highly evolutionarily conserved transport protein particle (TRAPP) complexes (TRAPP II and III) perform fundamental roles in subcellular trafficking pathways. Here we identified biallelic variants in TRAPPC10, a component of the TRAPP II complex, in individuals with a severe microcephalic neurodevelopmental disorder. Molecular studies revealed a weakened interaction between mutant TRAPPC10 and its putative adaptor protein TRAPPC2L. Studies of patient lymphoblastoid cells revealed an absence of TRAPPC10 alongside a concomitant absence of TRAPPC9, another key TRAPP II complex component associated with a clinically overlapping neurodevelopmental disorder. The TRAPPC9/10 reduction phenotype was recapitulated in TRAPPC10-/- knockout cells, which also displayed a membrane trafficking defect. Notably, both the reduction in TRAPPC9 levels and the trafficking defect in these cells could be rescued by wild type but not mutant TRAPPC10 gene constructs. Moreover, studies of Trappc10-/- knockout mice revealed neuroanatomical brain defects and microcephaly, paralleling findings seen in the human condition as well as in a Trappc9-/- mouse model. Together these studies confirm autosomal recessive TRAPPC10 variants as a cause of human disease and define TRAPP-mediated pathomolecular outcomes of importance to TRAPPC9 and TRAPPC10 mediated neurodevelopmental disorders in humans and mice.
Published: 2022

40. In vitro effects of glyphosate-based herbicides and related adjuvants on primary culture of hemocytes from Haliotis tuberculata

Author: Jean-Marc Lebel, Katherine Costil, Adèle James, Lorna J. Dallas, Antoine Mottier, Antoine Serpentini, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), School of Biological Sciences [Plymouth], Plymouth University, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Glyphosate, Hemocytes, food.ingredient, Cell Survival, medicine.medical_treatment, Gastropoda, Viability assay, Glycine, Aquaculture, Aquatic Science, Biology, Microbiology, Lethal Dose 50, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Phagocytosis, Lysosome, medicine, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Haliotis, Cells, Cultured, EC50, Herbicides, Neutral red retention assay, Cell Membrane, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, In vitro, Organelle membrane, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, POEAs, 040102 fisheries, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Adjuvant, Haliotis tuberculata
Abstract: International audience; Glyphosate-based herbicides are among the most produced and widely-used herbicides. Studies have shown that commercial formulations and adjuvants may be more toxic to non-target organisms than the active ingredients alone, but the mechanisms of action of these chemicals remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of glyphosate, a commercial formulation and adjuvant alone using primary culture of hemocytes from the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata, a commonly farmed shellfish. Glyphosate was found to have negligible effects on viability, phagocytic activities and lysosome stability even with very high doses (i.e. 100 mg L−1). By contrast, greater effects on viability were observed for the commercial formulation and adjuvant alone, with EC50 values of 41.42 mg L−1 and 1.85 mg L−1, respectively. These results demonstrate that the toxic sublethal effects (i.e. phagocytic activity and destabilization of lysosomal membranes) of formulated glyphosate came from adjuvants and suggest they may be related to cell and organelle membrane destabilization.
Published: 2020

41. Platooning Control for Heterogeneous Sailboats Based on Constant Time Headway

Author: Christophe Viel, Ulysse Vautier, Jian Wan, Luc Jaulin, Plymouth University, Lab-STICC_ENSTAB_CID_PRASYS, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Platooning, 050210 logistics & transportation, Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, 05 social sciences, Control (management), Heterogeneous fleet, Wind direction, Nonlinear control, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Computer Science Applications, Vehicle dynamics, Acceleration, Control theory, 0502 economics and business, Automotive Engineering, Path (graph theory), Non-linear control, Trajectory, Autonomous sailboats, Constant (mathematics)
Abstract: International audience; This paper addresses the problem of platooning control for a fleet of heterogeneous sailboats. The platooning maintains a constant time headway (CTH) between sailboats following a circular path, a complex problem for sailboats due to the influence of wind direction. First, the desired acceleration based on the CTH and the sailboat velocity needed to converge to the platooning is defined. Second, a control of sailboat orientation to manage the sailboat acceleration is proposed. The proposed platooning strategy adapts to the specific characteristics of sailboats, which are different from other motorized marine vehicles. Two tack strategies can be used for the method: the first is to regulate the sailboat velocity; the second is to go front of the wind while staying in a short corridor. The desired acceleration for fulfilling the platooning has been derived and validated. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison with an optimal receding horizon control algorithm.
Published: 2020

42. Clinical trials in pediatric ALS: a TRICALS feasibility study

Author: Tessa Kliest, Ruben P.A. Van Eijk, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Alberto Albanese, Peter M. Andersen, Maria Del Mar Amador, Geir BrÅthen, Veronique Brunaud-Danel, Lev Brylev, William Camu, Mamede De Carvalho, Cristina Cereda, Hakan Cetin, Delia Chaverri, Adriano Chiò, Philippe Corcia, Philippe Couratier, Fabiola De Marchi, Claude Desnuelle, Michael A. Van Es, JesÚs Esteban, Massimiliano Filosto, Alberto GarcÍa Redondo, Julian Grosskreutz, Clemens O. Hanemann, Trygve HolmØy, Helle HØyer, Caroline Ingre, Blaz Koritnik, Magdalena Kuzma-Kozakiewicz, Thomas Lambert, Peter N. Leigh, Christian Lunetta, Jessica Mandrioli, Christopher J. Mcdermott, Thomas Meyer, Jesus S. Mora, Susanne Petri, MÓnica Povedano, Evy Reviers, Nilo Riva, Kit C.B. Roes, Miguel Á. Rubio, FranÇois Salachas, Stayko Sarafov, Gianni SorarÙ, Zorica Stevic, Kirsten Svenstrup, Anette Torvin MØller, Martin R. Turner, Philip Van Damme, Lucie A.G. Van Leeuwen, Luis Varona, Juan F. VÁzquez Costa, Markus Weber, Orla Hardiman, Leonard H. Van Den Berg, Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institut, King‘s College London, King's College Hospital (KCH), Department Neurological Sciences, Milan University, IRCCS Humanitas Clinical Institute, Rozzano, M, Umeå University, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Lille, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Department of Neurology, Montpellier CHU, Gui De Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, Université de Lisbonne, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Centre de compétence de la Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique [CHRU Tours] (SLA CHRU Tours), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Epidémiologie des Maladies Chroniques en zone tropicale (EpiMaCT), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-OmégaHealth (ΩHealth), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de Neurologie [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Centre référent Sclérose Latérale Amyotrophique et autres maladies du motoneurone [CHU Limoges] (SLA CHU Limoges), Neurology Clinic, University Hospital 'Maggiore della Carità', Novara, Hôpital Pasteur [Nice] (CHU), Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares, Dpto. Biol. Mol. Centro de Biología Molecular-SO UAM-CSIC. Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Car, University of Brescia, Lubeck University Hospital, Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, University of Oslo (UiO), Akershus University Hospital [Lørenskog], Telemark Hospital Trust [Skien, Norway], Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Departement de Neurology (MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW), Medical University of Warsaw - Poland, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Royal Stoke Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom., University of Sussex, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sant Rafael Hospital, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, Leuven University Hospitals, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Medical University of Sofia [Bulgarie], Université de Padoue, Institute of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Aarhus University Hospital, University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford, UK, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Cruces, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Neurology Service, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen (KSSG), and Department of Neurology, The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Trinity College Dublin
Subjects: Adult, Databases, Factual, Neurologi, GENETICS, Clinical Neurology, AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS, Pediatric amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pediatric investigation plan, Databases, Prevalence, Humans, clinical trial, clinical trials, ethics, therapy, Child, Feasibility Studies, Europe, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Factual, Science & Technology, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Neurology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), Neurosciences & Neurology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: Background: Pediatric investigation plans (PIPs) describe how adult drugs can be studied in children. In 2015, PIPs for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) became mandatory for European marketing-authorization of adult treatments, unless a waiver is granted by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).Objective: To assess the feasibility of clinical studies on the effect of therapy in children (
Published: 2022

43. Construction Field Monitoring of a COB Prototype Building

Author: Azil, A., Le Guern, M., Karim Touati, Gomina, M., Nassim Sebaibi, Boutouil, M., Streiff, F., Goodhew, S., Louahlia, H., Laboratoire de recherche de l'ESITC, École Supérieure d'ingénieurs des Travaux de la Construction (ESITC Caen), Laboratoire de cristallographie et sciences des matériaux (CRISMAT), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Parc Naturel Régional des Marais du Cotentin et du Bessin, Plymouth University, Laboratoire Universitaire des Sciences Appliquées de Cherbourg (LUSAC), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Sofiane Amziane, Mohammed Sonebi, and COMUE Normandie Université - Laboratoire de Recherche ESITC Caen, France
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Monitoring, Density, Cob, Prototype building, Compressive strength
Abstract: Cob is an earthen building material made by soil, fibres and water used for millennia. However, cob construction disappeared out during the nineteenth century. These last years, it is experiencing a renaissance in Northwestern France and Southern England. Due to a limited technical knowledge, the investigation of engineering properties is important for modern design practice and code requirements. Moreover, to ensure building properties, it is necessary to have same quality mix along the building phases. The aim of this study is to determine material variation during the monitoring of a cob prototype building in Normandy (France). This study investigated structural cob mix composition, water content, density, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. Specimens shape used were cylindrical 110 x H220 mm and prismatic 300 x 300 x 70 mm. Results indicated a variation in cob mix (water content, materials proportions) between three different lifts. These variations lead to different densities and, consequently, to variables compressive strengths: 0.99 to 1.38 MPa and thermal conductivities from 0.610 - 0.816 W.m-1∙K-1.
Published: 2022

44. Human–nature connectedness as a pathway to sustainability: A global meta‐analysis

Author: Barragan‐jason, Gladys, de Mazancourt, Claire, Parmesan, Camille, Singer, Michael, Loreau, Michel, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FR AIB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Plymouth University, ANR-10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2010), and European Project: 666971,H2020,ERC-2014-ADG,BIOSTASES(2015)
Subjects: meta-analysis, human–nature connectedness, environmental education, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, nature conservation, proenvironmental behavior, human health, sustainability, nature-based solutions, people and nature, human-nature connectedness
Abstract: International audience; Internationally agreed sustainability goals are being missed. Here, we conduct global meta-analyses to assess how the extent to which humans see themselves as part of nature—known as human–nature connectedness (HNC)—can be used as a leverage point to reach sustainability. A meta-analysis of 147 correlational studies shows that individuals with high HNC had more pronature behaviours and were significantly healthier than those with low HNC. A meta-analysis of 59 experimental studies shows significant increases in HNC after manipulations involving contact with nature and mindfulness practices. Surprisingly, this same meta-analysis finds no significant effect of environmental education on HNC. Thus, HNC is positively linked to mind-sets that value sustainability and behaviours that enhance it. Further, we argue that HNC can be enhanced by targeted practices, and we identify those most likely to succeed. Our results suggest that enhancing HNC, via promotion of targeted practices, can improve sustainability and should be integrated into conservation policy.
Published: 2022

45. Bioaccumulation, release and genotoxicity of stainless steel particles in marine bivalve molluscs

Author: Emily L. Vernon, Awadhesh N. Jha, Maria F. Ferreira, Danielle L. Slomberg, Veronique Malard, Christian Grisolia, Mickaël Payet, Andrew Turner, Plymouth University, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Interactions Protéine Métal (IPM), Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (ex-IBEB) (BIAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: Mytilus, Environmental Engineering, l Nuclear energy, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, fungi, Bivalve, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, technology, industry, and agriculture, General Medicine, General Chemistry, Stainless Steel, Pollution, Bioaccumulation, Stainless stee, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, DNA damage, Comet Assay, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Genotoxicity, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; During the decommissioning and removal of radioactive material in nuclear facilities, fine, tritiated dusts of stainless steel, cement or tungsten are generated that could be accidently released to the environment. However, the potential radio- and ecotoxicological effects these tritiated particles may have are unknown. In this study, stainless steel particles (SSPs) representative of those likely to be tritiated are manufactured by hydrogenation and their tissue-specific bioaccumulation, release (depuration) and subsequent genotoxic response have been studied in the marine mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, as a baseline for future assessments of the potential effects of tritiated SSPs. Exposure to 1000 μg L−1 of SSPs and adopting Cr as a proxy for stainless steel revealed relatively rapid accumulation (∼5 h) in the various mussel tissues but mostly in the digestive gland. Over longer periods up to 18 days, SSPs were readily rejected and egested as faecal material. DNA strand breaks, as a measure of genotoxicity, were determined at each time point in mussel haemocytes using single cell gel electrophoresis, or the comet assay. Lack of chemical genotoxicity was attributed to the rapid processing of SSP particles and limited dissolution of elemental components of steel. Further work employing tritiated SSPs will enable radio-toxicology to be studied without the confounding effects of chemical toxicity
Published: 2022

46. The agenda of the global patient reported outcomes for multiple sclerosis (PROMS) initiative: Progresses and open questions

Author: Paola Zaratin, Patrick Vermersch, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Timothy Coetzee, Gary Cutter, Gilles Edan, Gavin Giovannoni, Emma Gray, Hans Peter Hartung, Jeremy Hobart, Anne Helme, Robert Hyde, Usman Khan, Letizia Leocani, Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani, Robert McBurney, Xavier Montalban, Iris-Katharina Penner, Bernard M.J. Uitdehaag, Pamela Valentine, Helga Weiland, Deborah Bertorello, Mario Alberto Battaglia, Peer Baneke, Giancarlo Comi, Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Foundation IRCCS Neurological Institute C. Besta, Milan, Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), Service de Neurologie [CHU Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], The University of Sydney, Palacky University Olomouc, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Plymouth University, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, Università degli Studi di Siena = University of Siena (UNISI), This work was supported by the Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, the International Multiple Sclerosis Federation and the European Charcot Foundation., Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Multiple Sclerosis International Federation [UK], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Zaratin, P, Vermersch, P, Amato, M, Brichetto, G, Coetzee, T, Cutter, G, Edan, G, Giovannoni, G, Gray, E, Hartung, H, Hobart, J, Helme, A, Hyde, R, Khan, U, Leocani, L, Mantovani, L, Mcburney, R, Montalban, X, Penner, I, Uitdehaag, B, Valentine, P, Weiland, H, Bertorello, D, Battaglia, M, Baneke, P, Comi, G, Neurology, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neuroinfection & -inflammation
Subjects: Multiple Sclerosis, Personalized care, Health Personnel, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Patient engagement, Multiple Sclerosis progression, General Medicine, Responsible Research Innovation (RRI), Neurology, Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO), Humans, Digital Health, Neurology (clinical), Patient Reported Outcome Measures
Abstract: International audience; On 12 September 2019, the global Patient Reported Outcome for Multiple Sclerosis (PROMS) Initiative was launched at the 35th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS). The multi-stakeholder PROMS Initiative is jointly led by the European Charcot Foundation (ECF) and the Multiple Sclerosis International Federation (MSIF), with the Italian Multiple Sclerosis Society (AISM) acting as the lead agency for and on behalf of the global MSIF movement. The initiative has the ambitious mission to (i) maximize the impact of science with and of patient input on the life of people affected by MS, and (ii) to represent a unified view on Patient-Reported Outcomes for MS to people affected by MS, healthcare providers, regulatory agencies and Health Technologies Assessments agencies. Equipped with an innovative participatory governance of an international and interdisciplinary network of different stakeholders, PROMS has the potential to guide future breakthroughs in MS patient-focused research and care. In this paper we present the progresses of the global PROMS Initiative and discuss the open questions that we aim to address.
Published: 2022

47. OC6 Phase Ib : validation of the CFD predictions of difference-frequency wave excitation on a FOWT semisubmersible

Author: Rupesh Kumar, SA Brown, Hamid Sarlak, Amy Robertson, Haoran Li, Stefan Netzband, Martyn Hann, Beatriz Méndez López, Romain Pinguet, Wei Shi, Xinmeng Zeng, Lu Wang, Yi Hsiang Yu, Edward Ransley, Malwin Wermbter, Jason Jonkman, Yang Zhou, Qing Xiao, Adrià Borràs Nadal, Erin Elizabeth Bachynski-Polic, Arjen Koop, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN), IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Principle Power, Inc. (PPI), Emeryville, CA, USA, Dalian University of Technology, University of Strathclyde [Glasgow], University of Ulsan, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Plymouth University, Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables - Fundación CENER-CIEMAT (CENER), and Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, 020209 energy, Phase (waves), Ocean Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Computational fluid dynamics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Nonlinear excitation, Validation, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Surge, Offshore wind, OC6, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Physics, business.industry, Mechanics, Nonlinear system, Offshore wind power, Structural load, Bichromatic wave, CFD, business, TC, Excitation
Abstract: International audience; During the previous OC511 project, state-of-the-art mid-fidelity engineering tools for floating wind systems were found to consistently underpredict the nonlinear, low-frequency responses of semisubmersible offshore wind platforms, leading to substantial errors in the structural loads because of low-frequency surge and pitch resonance. To examine this underprediction, a coordinated investigation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and model-basin experiments was carried out. Both investigations involved a fixed and simplified OC5-DeepCwind semisubmersible in bichromatic waves. The wave excitations—especially the nonlinear, difference-frequency excitation—on the structure from the CFD simulations were compared to the experimental measurements for validation, with uncertainty analyses for both the experimental and the CFD results. Further, the wave excitations on each column of the semisubmersible were measured separately in the experiment, allowing the validation of the CFD results to be done on a per-column basis. Overall, the CFD predictions of the difference-frequency excitations agree with the experimental measurements, suggesting the CFD solutions can be used as a reference for tuning and improving the engineering-level tools and can provide a means to better understand the underprediction at low frequencies.
Published: 2021

48. Multidisciplinary characterization of fluid sources in ductileshear zones (Armorican Massif, Variscan belt, France)

Author: Dusséaux, Camille, Gébelin, Aude, Boulvais, Philippe, Ruffet, Gilles, Gardien, Véronique, Dubois, Michel, Poujol, Marc, Cogné, Nathan, Branquet, Yannick, Mottram, Catherine, Barou, Fabrice, Mulch, Andreas, Plymouth University, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Métallogénie - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), University of Portsmouth, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, University of Plymouth (UOP), Plymouth, UK, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: fluid-rock interactions, thermometry, hydrogen isotope, shear zone, U(-Th)/Pb, meteoric fluids, 40Ar/39Ar, Variscan, fluid inclusions, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, detachment, Armorican Massif, oxygen isotope, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology
Abstract: National audience; Ductile shear zones are sites of significant fluid circulation and hydrothermal alteration wheremetamorphic, magmatic and surface-derived fluids meet. Characterization of the meteoricsource of crustal fluids can be used to better understand ore deposition and mineralization atthe orogen scale or for stable isotope paleoaltimetry reconstructions. Microstructural,thermometry, geochronological and hydrogen (δD) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope data fromsyntectonic peraluminous granites from ductile shear zones in the Armorican Massif permit todetermine the source of fluids present during deformation. Furthermore, they allow to study thespatial and temporal evolution of localized deformation and fluid-rock interaction across theseVariscan fossil hydrothermal systems, including the timing and duration of fluid flow and watermineralisotope exchange.At the regional scale, a 41‰ difference in δDwater values amongst mylonitic leucograniteemplaced along strike-slip and detachment zones highlights a mixing relationship betweenmetamorphic/magmatic fluids (δDwater ~ -33‰) and meteoric fluids with δDwater values aslow as -74‰. The mixing between surface-derived and deep fluids is further supported by fluidinclusions aligned along synkinematic structural planes in quartz grains from detachmentfootwalls. They contain very low to medium salinity water (0 to 7 wt% eq. NaCl) and haveintermediate δD and δ18O values.We focus on the Quiberon detachment zone (QDZ) where synkinematic muscovite andtourmaline crystallized and equilibrated with deuterium-depleted surface-derived fluids duringhigh-temperature deformation supported by titanium-in-muscovite thermometry andmicrostructures. 40Ar/39Ar data on muscovite and U(-Th)/Pb geochronology on zircon,monazite and apatite from syntectonic leucogranites, together with microstructural data,suggest that meteoric fluid-rock-deformation interactions started at ~320 Ma and played amajor role in leaching uranium at ~305 Ma. U-Th/Pb data from migmatites located belowthe QDZ strengthen the idea that meteoric fluids infiltration, detachment activity, syntectonicleucogranite emplacement and migmatization were coeval and allowed the development of asustained hydrothermal system.
Published: 2021

49. Olive groves around the lake. A ten-thousand-year history of a Cretan landscape (Greece) reveals the dominant role of humans in making this Mediterranean ecosystem

Author: Roberto Sulpizio, Isabelle Jouffroy-Bapicot, Maxime Debret, Sophie Field, Kevin Walsh, Neil Roberts, Boris Vannière, Pierre Sabatier, Giovanni Zanchetta, Tiziana Pedrotta, Willy Tinner, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (UAR 3124) (MSHE), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth] (SoGEES), Plymouth University, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Etudes Avancées [AMU] (IMéRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Universität Bern [Bern], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Dipartimento di Scienze Delle Terra, University of Pisa, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, and BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, YO10 5NG, UK
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Biodiversity, Climate change, Woodland, Land cover, Socio-ecosystem, Mediterranean, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Anthropisation, Crete, Holocene, Human impacts, Land-use, Olive grove, Paleoecology, 11. Sustainability, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Land use, Flood myth, Ecology, Geology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Geography, 13. Climate action, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: (IF 4.45: Q1); International audience; The reconstruction of millennial-scale interactions between ecosystems and societies can provide unique and valuable references for understanding the creation of cultural landscapes and help elucidate their value, weaknesses and legacies. Among the most emblematic forms of Mediterranean land use, olive groves and pastoralism have occupied a prominent place. Therefore, it is vital to know when, how, and with what ecological consequences these practices were established and developed. Located in the southern part of the Aegean Sea, Crete is the largest island of Greece. The island is characterised by a long human history of land use, but our understanding of past environmental changes for the entire Holocene is fragmentary. This paper presents a new investigation of Lake Kournas in Crete, where recent coring provided a 15-m sequence covering ten millennia of land cover and land-use history. The study of this new core involves the analysis of the sediment dynamics, flood deposits, pollen, diatoms, fungal and algal remains, and microcharcoals. Results show that ecosystem development near Lake Kournas was not a linear process. They reveal linkages and feedbacks between vegetation, biodiversity, fire, human impact, erosion, and climate change. A possible human occupation and agro-pastoral activities around the lake may have been detected as early as 9500 cal BP, perhaps in a transitional phase between the Mesolithic and the Neolithic. At 8500 cal BP, climatic conditions may have promoted the expansion of the evergreen oak woodland. However, human impact was probably the most important driver of ecosystem change with the establishment of an agro-system after 8000 years ago. Thereafter, the trajectory of Kournas’ lake and catchment ecosystems from the Mid to Late Holocene follow the rhythm of land-use change. Among the traditional Mediterranean land uses, olive cultivation locally played a major role in the socio-ecosystem interactions, providing economic benefits but also destabilising soils. During the last six millennia, three main phases of olive cultivation occurred during the Final Neolithic-Minoan period, the Hellenistic-Roman-Byzantine (HRB) period and Modern times. Along with the changing land use under the successive political and economic influences rules, the resilience capacities of vegetation permitted it to shift back to higher biodiversity again after decreasing phases. Forest vegetation was always able to recover until the onset of the Venetian period (13th century), when woodlands were dramatically reduced. Only during the past century has forest vegetation slightly recovered, while the flood regime had already been altered during previous centuries. During the past 100 years, biodiversity markedly declined, probably in response to the industrialization of agriculture.
Published: 2021

50. Robot Behavior Adaptation to Human Social Norms

Author: Roesler, Oliver, Bagheri, Elahe, ALY, Amir, Rossi, Silvia, Alami, Rachid, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Plymouth University, and University of Naples Federico II
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

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