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A case of bladder toxoplasmosis in a 57-year-old male Caucasian patient was diagnosed with difficulty due to misleading clinical presentation. The patient presented with pollakiuria and urination burning. Imagery showed pseudotumoral thickening of the vesicle wall. Previously unknown status of HIV infection was found positive through the diagnosis of bladder toxoplasmosis. The patient died rapidly from neurological complications. This is the second published case in which bladder toxoplasmosis reveals an HIV infection., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Renal oncocytoma represent 5% of kidney tumors. Oncocytoma is a benign tumor, usually asymptomatic and fortuitous discovery. Standard treatment is tumorectomy when technically feasible. Surgery is indicated when oncocytoma becomes symptomatic, large or grows quickly. In a small proportion of cases, oncocytomas are bilateral and/or multifocal. These forms are most often sporadic or are integrated in the Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. We report here the case of a patient suffering from renal oncocytosis responsible for a diffuse renal involvement by numerous oncocytic nodules.

Phyllodes tumours of the prostate are very rare tumours, as less than 40 cases have been reported in the literature. The authors report the case of a 28-year-old man managed for a phyllodes tumour of the prostate diagnosed in a context of haemospermia. The diagnosis was established by ultrasound, CT MRI and prostatic biopsies. Radical prostatectomy was performed after multidisciplinary discussion. Thirty six months after the operation, the patient was in complete remission, with spontaneous erections and had fathered a child conceived by medically assisted procreation. The authors stress the importance of nerve-sparing radical surgery and early sexual rehabilitation.

Objectives: To evaluate the risks of local recurrence and repeat surgery after nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) in von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease to propose a therapeutic strategy to patients., Methods: A total of 21 patients with VHL disease and renal tumors were followed up from February 1987 to August 2005. Surgical resection of all tumors was chosen when the largest tumor exceeded a diameter of 30 mm., Results: Of the 21 patients, 18 underwent surgery at a mean age of 38.5 years (range 24 to 69). The median follow-up of the series was 100 months. Of the 17 patients treated by NSS, 8 developed a recurrence. The mean time to local recurrence was 53 +/- 38.8 months (range 10 to 115), and the recurrence tumors grew at a stable mean rate of 0.34 +/- 0.32 cm/yr (range 0.1 to 1.08). Repeat NSS was performed on the same kidney in 2 cases and eight recurrences were kept under surveillance. The disease-specific survival rate was 93.8% at 10 years. The local recurrence rate was 45.6% at 5 years and 83.7% at 10 years. The overall repeat surgery rate was 23.1% at 5 years and 63.4% at 10 years. No metastasis or chronic renal insufficiency was observed in patients undergoing NSS only., Conclusions: Five years after NSS, the risk of developing new tumors in the same kidney and the overall risk of repeat surgery was about 50% and 25%, respectively. However, the strategy of elective NSS and close surveillance preserved renal function without increasing the risk of metastasis.

Schwannomas of the colon are rare tumors. Most of them are spindle cell tumors. The epithelioid variant is exceedingly rare with only 10 cases reported in the literature. We report two fortuitously discovered cases in 37 and 42-year-old women. The masses were located in the sigmoid and the right colon. They measured 2,5 and 3 cm in diameter. On microscopic examination, they were composed of sheets of uniform epithelioid cells without atypia or mitosis. One of them had a cuff of benign lymphoid hyperplasia. Immunohistochemical study showed positive staining of the tumor cells for S100 protein and some of them for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Some CD34-positive fibroblast-like cells were identified in the two tumors. There was no recurrence with a follow-up ranging from 6 to 24 months. Epithelioid schwannoma of the colon is a benign tumor of uncertain histogenesis which may be confused with more aggressive neoplasms.

The two major genes responsible for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and complex tuberous sclerosis are located on chromosome 16 at position 16p13.3, separated by only a few nucleotides. A simultaneous loss of both genes has been termed "the TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome". It has been described essentially in young children. We report 2 new cases in French adults, in whom the diagnosis has been made fortuitously on the macroscopic and microscopic examination of the nephrectomy specimen. This diagnosis should be considered for the association of a polycystic kidney disease and numerous angiomyolipomas. It is necessary to set up a specific follow-up of both diseases.

We report the case of a 67-year-old man presenting with an isolated 3 cm mass of the pancreatic tail revealed by weight loss. Distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. Microscopically, the tumor filled the main pancreatic duct, extending into the smaller ducts and was associated with a minor adenocarcinomatous invasive component. The intraductal tumor showed a cribriform pattern, atypical cells without mucus and a MUC1+, MUC2-, MUC5AC- phenotype, all characteristics of intraductal tubular carcinoma, a new entity described by Japanese authors. The differential diagnosis and its relationship with intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors are discussed.

Based on a retrospective analysis of 60 cases of nephroblastoma, the author reaches the following conclusions: 1) correct diagnosis and treatment of the nephroblastoma depend on the team-work involving the surgeon, the chemotherapist and the pathologist; 2) during the macroscopic analysis the pathologist is asked to: establish/determine if the tumor penetrates the renal capsule, establish the tumor invasion into the renal sinus vessels, establish if the medial limit of the renal sinus is occupied or not by the tumor and, include the nephrectomy specimens in the category over or below 550 g; 3) during the microscopical analysis the pathologist is asked to: actually make the positive diagnosis of nephroblastoma, identify the presence or the absence of the diffuse or focal anaplasia; and 4) based on this data the surgeon will complete the staging while the chemotherapist will choose a certain protocol depending on the stage and on the presence or absence of the anaplasia.