Author: "Plaza de Carlos, César" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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89 results on '"Plaza de Carlos, César"'

1. Urban greenspaces and nearby natural areas support similar levels of soil ecosystem services

Author: Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing Association for Science and Technology, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Programa de Investimento e Despesas de Desenvolvimento da Administração Central (Portugal), Slovenian Research Agency, Banaras Hindu University, Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Nahberger, Tina U. [0000-0001-9808-1643], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J., Cui, Haiying, Ding, Jingyi, Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Plaza de Carlos, César, Alfaro, Fernando D, Teixido, Alberto L., Abades, Sebastián, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Grebenc, Tine, Nahberger, Tina U., Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Rey, Ana, Siebe, Christina, Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing Association for Science and Technology, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Programa de Investimento e Despesas de Desenvolvimento da Administração Central (Portugal), Slovenian Research Agency, Banaras Hindu University, Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Nahberger, Tina U. [0000-0001-9808-1643], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J., Cui, Haiying, Ding, Jingyi, Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Plaza de Carlos, César, Alfaro, Fernando D, Teixido, Alberto L., Abades, Sebastián, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Grebenc, Tine, Nahberger, Tina U., Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Rey, Ana, Siebe, Christina, Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Greenspaces are important for sustaining healthy urban environments and their human populations. Yet their capacity to support multiple ecosystem services simultaneously (multiservices) compared with nearby natural ecosystems remains virtually unknown. We conducted a global field survey in 56 urban areas to investigate the influence of urban greenspaces on 23 soil and plant attributes and compared them with nearby natural environments. We show that, in general, urban greenspaces and nearby natural areas support similar levels of soil multiservices, with only six of 23 attributes (available phosphorus, water holding capacity, water respiration, plant cover, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and arachnid richness) significantly greater in greenspaces, and one (available ammonium) greater in natural areas. Further analyses showed that, although natural areas and urban greenspaces delivered a similar number of services at low (>25% threshold) and moderate (>50%) levels of functioning, natural systems supported significantly more functions at high (>75%) levels of functioning. Management practices (mowing) played an important role in explaining urban ecosystem services, but there were no effects of fertilisation or irrigation. Some services declined with increasing site size, for both greenspaces and natural areas. Our work highlights the fact that urban greenspaces are more similar to natural environments than previously reported and underscores the importance of managing urban greenspaces not only for their social and recreational values, but for supporting multiple ecosystem services on which soils and human well-being depends.
Published: 2024

2. Dominance of particulate organic carbon in top mineral soils in cold regions

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Bradford, Mark A. [0000-0002-2022-8331], Benavente Ferraces, Iria [0000-0002-2817-5537], Celis, Miguel de [0000-0002-3653-3031], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], García-Gil, Juan C. [0000-0003-2308-7260], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier [0000-0002-3428-2304], Mueller, Carsten W. [0000-0003-4119-0544], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Schuur, Edward A. G. [0000-0002-1096-2436], Sokol, Noah [0000-0003-0239-1976], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Celis, Miguel de, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Gil, Juan C., Gaitán, Juan J., Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Mueller, Carsten W., Panettieri, Marco, Rey, Ana, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Schuur, Edward A. G., Sokol, Noah, Tedersoo, Leho, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Bradford, Mark A. [0000-0002-2022-8331], Benavente Ferraces, Iria [0000-0002-2817-5537], Celis, Miguel de [0000-0002-3653-3031], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], García-Gil, Juan C. [0000-0003-2308-7260], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier [0000-0002-3428-2304], Mueller, Carsten W. [0000-0003-4119-0544], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Schuur, Edward A. G. [0000-0002-1096-2436], Sokol, Noah [0000-0003-0239-1976], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Celis, Miguel de, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Gil, Juan C., Gaitán, Juan J., Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Mueller, Carsten W., Panettieri, Marco, Rey, Ana, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Schuur, Edward A. G., Sokol, Noah, Tedersoo, Leho, and Plaza de Carlos, César
Abstract: The largest stocks of soil organic carbon can be found in cold regions such as Arctic, subarctic and alpine biomes, which are warming faster than the global average. Discriminating between particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon can constrain the uncertainty of projected changes in global soil organic carbon stocks. Yet carbon fractions are not considered when assessing the contribution of cold regions to land carbon–climate feedbacks. Here we synthesize field paired observations of particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon in the mineral layer, along with experimental warming data, to investigate whether the particulate fraction dominates in cold regions and whether this relates to higher soil organic carbon losses with warming than in other (milder) biomes. We show that soil organic carbon in the first 30 cm of mineral soil is dominated or co-dominated by particulate carbon in both permafrost and non-permafrost soils, and in Arctic and alpine ecosystems but not in subarctic environments. Our findings indicate that soil organic carbon is most vulnerable to warming in cold regions compared with milder biomes, with this vulnerability mediated by higher warming-induced losses of particulate carbon. The massive soil carbon accumulation in cold regions appears distributed predominantly in the more vulnerable particulate fraction rather than in the more persistent mineral-associated fraction, supporting the likelihood of a strong, positive land carbon–climate feedback.
Published: 2024

3. Unearthing the soil‐borne microbiome of land plants

Author: British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Cano-Díaz, Concha [0000-0001-6948-6553], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Geisen, Stefan [0000-0003-0734-727X], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Wang, Ling [0000-0002-2276-9529], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Trivedi, Pankaj, Sokoya, Blessing, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Geisen, Stefan, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Singh, Brajesh K., Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Jun-Tao, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Tedersoo, Leho, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Cano-Díaz, Concha [0000-0001-6948-6553], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Geisen, Stefan [0000-0003-0734-727X], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Wang, Ling [0000-0002-2276-9529], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Trivedi, Pankaj, Sokoya, Blessing, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Geisen, Stefan, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Singh, Brajesh K., Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Jun-Tao, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Tedersoo, Leho, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Plant–soil biodiversity interactions are fundamental for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Yet, the existence of a set of globally distributed topsoil microbial and small invertebrate organisms consistently associated with land plants (i.e., their consistent soil-borne microbiome), together with the environmental preferences and functional capabilities of these organisms, remains unknown. We conducted a standardized field survey under 150 species of land plants, including 58 species of bryophytes and 92 of vascular plants, across 124 locations from all continents. We found that, despite the immense biodiversity of soil organisms, the land plants evaluated only shared a small fraction (less than 1%) of all microbial and invertebrate taxa that were present across contrasting climatic and soil conditions and vegetation types. These consistent taxa were dominated by generalist decomposers and phagotrophs and their presence was positively correlated with the abundance of functional genes linked to mineralization. Finally, we showed that crossing environmental thresholds in aridity (aridity index of 0.65, i.e., the transition from mesic to dry ecosystems), soil pH (5.5; i.e., the transition from acidic to strongly acidic soils), and carbon (less than 2%, the lower limit of fertile soils) can result in drastic disruptions in the associations between land plants and soil organisms, with potential implications for the delivery of soil ecosystem processes under ongoing global environmental change.
Published: 2024

4. Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author: European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Asia Foundation, Northern Arizona University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Alcántara, Julio M. [0000-0002-8003-7844], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Davila, Yvonne C. [0000-0002-5144-5742], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], von Heßberg, Andreas [0009-0007-0303-3624], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, O., Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Sáiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Tielbörger, Katja, Torres Robles, Silvia, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Gozalo, Beatriz, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Zhou, Xiaobing, Maestre, Fernando T., Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza de Carlos, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, L. H., Gaitán, Juan J., Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hölzel, Norbert, Mendes Hughes, Frederic, Jadán, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Low, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Ana, Rey, P.J., Reyes Gómez, Víctor Manuel, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., Le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., European Commission, Generalitat Valenciana, Hermon Slade Foundation, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Asia Foundation, Northern Arizona University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Alcántara, Julio M. [0000-0002-8003-7844], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Davila, Yvonne C. [0000-0002-5144-5742], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], von Heßberg, Andreas [0009-0007-0303-3624], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, O., Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Sáiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Tielbörger, Katja, Torres Robles, Silvia, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Gozalo, Beatriz, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, Zhou, Xiaobing, Maestre, Fernando T., Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza de Carlos, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, L. H., Gaitán, Juan J., Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hölzel, Norbert, Mendes Hughes, Frederic, Jadán, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Low, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, Ana, Rey, P.J., Reyes Gómez, Víctor Manuel, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., Le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, and Stephens, Colton R. A.
Abstract: Perennial plants create productive and biodiverse hotspots, known as fertile islands, beneath their canopies. These hotspots largely determine the structure and functioning of drylands worldwide. Despite their ubiquity, the factors controlling fertile islands under conditions of contrasting grazing by livestock, the most prevalent land use in drylands, remain virtually unknown. Here we evaluated the relative importance of grazing pressure and herbivore type, climate and plant functional traits on 24 soil physical and chemical attributes that represent proxies of key ecosystem services related to decomposition, soil fertility, and soil and water conservation. To do this, we conducted a standardized global survey of 288 plots at 88 sites in 25 countries worldwide. We show that aridity and plant traits are the major factors associated with the magnitude of plant effects on fertile islands in grazed drylands worldwide. Grazing pressure had little influence on the capacity of plants to support fertile islands. Taller and wider shrubs and grasses supported stronger island effects. Stable and functional soils tended to be linked to species-rich sites with taller plants. Together, our findings dispel the notion that grazing pressure or herbivore type are linked to the formation or intensification of fertile islands in drylands. Rather, our study suggests that changes in aridity, and processes that alter island identity and therefore plant traits, will have marked effects on how perennial plants support and maintain the functioning of drylands in a more arid and grazed world.
Published: 2024

5. Anaerobic digestate influences the carbon distribution in soil organic matter pools after six months from its application

Author: Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Università degli Studi di Verona, Sinatra, Martina, Giannetta, Beatrice, Plaza de Carlos, César, Galluzzi, Giorgio, Squartini, Andrea, Zaccone, Claudio, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Università degli Studi di Verona, Sinatra, Martina, Giannetta, Beatrice, Plaza de Carlos, César, Galluzzi, Giorgio, Squartini, Andrea, and Zaccone, Claudio
Abstract: The decline of soil organic matter (SOM) and micro and macronutrients is among the most serious threats that many agricultural soils in the world are facing. In many countries, soil amendments from a wide range of organic wastes are increasingly used as a win-win strategy to mitigate global warming while enhancing soil fertility and, in turn, food security. Digestate, a by-product of the anaerobic digestion, is often used as a fertilizer and an amendment. However, an in-depth understanding of its impacts on native SOM and organic carbon (OC) stabilization mechanisms is still needed. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of solid vs. liquid digestates on both SOM accrual and distribution in particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) pools, after 0, 3 and 6 months from their application. None of the amendments had significant effects on soil OC and total nitrogen concentrations and stocks. However, after 6 months, a clear difference in OC distribution between SOM pools was observed as a function of the digestate phase applied to soil. In particular, the MAOM to POM ratio decreased in the soil amended with solid digestate with respect to the unamended control soil, while this ratio did not differ following liquid digestate amendment. Thermal analysis suggested that the interaction between SOM and mineral surfaces, rather than the biochemical recalcitrance, is the major SOM stabilization mechanism in both unamended and amended soils. This study highlighted that a more in-depth evaluation of OC accrual through digestate application, especially in the short term, can be achieved by investigating functionally defined fractions rather than bulk SOM.
Published: 2024

6. Farmers' perception of soil health: The use of quality data and its implication for farm management

Author: European Commission, CzechELib, Falcão, Raquel N. R., Vrana, Michal, Hudek, Csilla, Pittarello, Marco, Zavattaro, Laura, Moretti, Barbara, Strauss, Peter, Liebhard, Gunter, Li, Yangyang, Zhang, Xiaoping, Bauer, Miroslav, Dostál, Tomáš, Gómez, José A., Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, García-Gil, Juan C., Plaza de Carlos, César, Guzmán, Gema, Llanos López, María, Pirkó, Bela, Bakacsi, Zsofia, Nokolov, Dimitre, Krása, Josef, European Commission, CzechELib, Falcão, Raquel N. R., Vrana, Michal, Hudek, Csilla, Pittarello, Marco, Zavattaro, Laura, Moretti, Barbara, Strauss, Peter, Liebhard, Gunter, Li, Yangyang, Zhang, Xiaoping, Bauer, Miroslav, Dostál, Tomáš, Gómez, José A., Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, García-Gil, Juan C., Plaza de Carlos, César, Guzmán, Gema, Llanos López, María, Pirkó, Bela, Bakacsi, Zsofia, Nokolov, Dimitre, and Krása, Josef
Abstract: Preventing and reversing soil degradation is essential to maintaining the ecosystem services provided by soils and guaranteeing food security. In addition to the scientific community, it is critical to engage multiple stakeholders to assess the degree of soil degradation and mitigation strategies' impact and meet the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, European Union's Common Agricultural Policy, and other national and international goals. A semi-structured questionnaire was distributed across countries participating in the EU Horizon-2020 “Transforming Unsustainable management of soils in key agricultural systems in E.U. and China. Developing an integrated platform of alternatives to reverse soil degradation (TUdi).” Using farmers' associations and educational institutions as an intermediate to distribute the questionnaires was an effective strategy for gathering a high number of responses. Results from 456 responses to the questionnaire showed that farm country, size, type of agriculture, and educational level of farm managers were significantly associated with the farmers' perception of soil degradation issues. Farm size and type of agriculture were also correlated with applying a nutrient management plan. The implications of the results for soil conservation measures are discussed. Additionally, we highlight the potential of projects such as TUdi for creating collaboration networks to drive widespread adoption by farmers of technologies to reverse the degradation of agricultural soils.
Published: 2024

7. Distribution of soil organic carbon between particulate and mineral-associated fractions as affected by biochar and its co-application with other amendments

Author: Beatrice Giannetta, Plaza de Carlos, César, Giorgio Galluzzi, Iria Benavente-Ferraces, Juan Carlos García-Gil, Panettieri, Marco, Gabriel Gascó, Claudio Zaccone, Beatrice Giannetta, Plaza de Carlos, César, Giorgio Galluzzi, Iria Benavente-Ferraces, Juan Carlos García-Gil, Panettieri, Marco, Gabriel Gascó, and Claudio Zaccone
Abstract: The application of biochar to soils, either alone or combined with other amendments, represents a management practice aimed at storing carbon (C) while enhancing soil fertility. However, the long-term effects of biochar application on soil organic C protection against microbial decomposition are uncertain. This study investigated, in a 9-year-long-term field experiment, the protection of organic C by minerals and iron (Fe) in soils amended with biochar alone or combined with either municipal solid waste compost or sewage sludge. Particulate (not protected by minerals) and mineral-associated organic matter fractions were separated, quantified, and finally the Fe-mediated protection mechanisms were examined by Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. With respect to the unamended control soil, soils amended with biochar, especially when combined with municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge, had 3 times greater content of particulate organic C. Biochar combined with municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge also increased mineral-associated organic C content (1.5×), although the magnitude of the effect was smaller than for the particulate organic C fraction. The contents of Fe(III)-organic matter complexes in particulate and mineral-associated organic matter fractions of the amended soils were similar to those of the unamended soils. Hematite represented the main Fe oxide phase in the particulate organic matter fraction of all the soils as well as in the mineral-associated organic matter fraction of the unamended soils, whereas ferrihydrite was more abundant in the mineral-associated organic matter fraction of the amended soils. As a whole, the obtained results in general, and the positive effect on the mineral-associated organic matter possibly mediated by ferrihydrite occurrence in particular, highlight the potential of biochar, alone or in combination with other amendments, as a strategy to store and preserve C in soils.
Published: 2024

8. The soil microbiome governs the response of microbial respiration to warming across the globe

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Generalitat Valenciana, Universidad de Alicante, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, German Research Foundation, Centre for Sustainable Agrifood Systems (Denmark), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Cano-Díaz, Concha [0000-0001-6948-6553], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Gallardo, Antonio [0000-0002-2674-4265], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, García-Palacios, Pablo, Maestre, Fernando T., Plaza de Carlos, César, Guirado, Emilio, Singh, Brajesh K., Wang, Jun-Tao, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gallardo, Antonio, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Generalitat Valenciana, Universidad de Alicante, Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, German Research Foundation, Centre for Sustainable Agrifood Systems (Denmark), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Cano-Díaz, Concha [0000-0001-6948-6553], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Gallardo, Antonio [0000-0002-2674-4265], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, García-Palacios, Pablo, Maestre, Fernando T., Plaza de Carlos, César, Guirado, Emilio, Singh, Brajesh K., Wang, Jun-Tao, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Eisenhauer, Nico, Gallardo, Antonio, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: The sensitivity of soil microbial respiration to warming (Q10) remains a major source of uncertainty surrounding the projections of soil carbon emissions to the atmosphere as the factors driving Q10 patterns across ecosystems have been assessed in isolation from each other. Here we report the results of a warming experiment using soils from 332 sites across all continents and major biomes to simultaneously evaluate the main drivers of global Q10 patterns. Compared with biochemical recalcitrance, mineral protection, substrate quantity and environmental factors, the soil microbiome (that is, microbial biomass and bacterial taxa) explained the largest portion of variation in Q10 values. Our work provides solid evidence that soil microbiomes largely govern the responses of soil heterotrophic respiration to warming and thus need to be explicitly accounted for when assessing land carbon–climate feedbacks.
Published: 2023

9. The Contribution of Biotic Factors in Explaining the Global Distribution of Inorganic Carbon in Surface Soils

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), China Scholarship Council, Zeng, Xiao-Min [0000-0003-4978-1015], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Vera Ayala, Alfonso [0000-0002-1822-0496], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Zeng, Xiao-Min, Bastida, F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Zhou, Guiyao, Vera Ayala, Alfonso, Liu, Yu-Rong, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), China Scholarship Council, Zeng, Xiao-Min [0000-0003-4978-1015], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Vera Ayala, Alfonso [0000-0002-1822-0496], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Zeng, Xiao-Min, Bastida, F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Zhou, Guiyao, Vera Ayala, Alfonso, Liu, Yu-Rong, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Soil inorganic carbon (SIC) plays a crucial role in regulating global carbon (C) cycling by linking the long-term geological and short-term biological C cycles. Soil inorganic carbon stocks are thought to be mainly driven by abiotic factors. However, despite the well-known influence of vegetation and soil microbes on terrestrial C pools, the relative contribution of biotic and abiotic factors in explaining the global distribution of SIC remains virtually unknown. Here, we conducted a global field survey including information on SIC of 398 composite topsoil samples from 134 locations to investigate the contribution of biotic drivers in explaining the global distribution of SIC in surface soils compared with climate and abiotic factors. Overall, SIC content peaked in arid and temperate ecosystems with warmer and drier conditions, particularly shrublands. We further revealed that although soil properties (e.g., Ca and C/N ratio) explained the highest variance in SIC globally, biotic factors, associated with vegetation and soil microbes, explained a considerable proportion of the global variation in SIC. In particular, plant richness, plant cover, and fungal biomass were significantly and positively associated with SIC, suggesting that biotic control could play an important role in explaining the global distribution of topsoil SIC. We propose that changes in the biotic factors, such as alterations in vegetation and soil microbes resulting from global changes, may have important direct and indirect consequences for global SIC dynamics and terrestrial C-climate feedback.
Published: 2023

10. Litter and soil biodiversity jointly drive ecosystem functions

Author: National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Yunnan Provincial Academy of Science and Technology, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, European Association of Innovation, Australian Research Council, European Commission, Liu, Shengen [0000-0002-4730-5202], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Piñeiro, Juan [0000-0002-0825-4174], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Liu, Shengen, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Trivedi, Chanda, Wang, Jun-Tao, Trivedi, Pankaj, Zhou, Guiyao, Piñeiro, Juan, Martins, Catarina S. C., Singh, Brajesh K., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Yunnan Provincial Academy of Science and Technology, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, European Association of Innovation, Australian Research Council, European Commission, Liu, Shengen [0000-0002-4730-5202], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Piñeiro, Juan [0000-0002-0825-4174], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Liu, Shengen, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Trivedi, Chanda, Wang, Jun-Tao, Trivedi, Pankaj, Zhou, Guiyao, Piñeiro, Juan, Martins, Catarina S. C., Singh, Brajesh K., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: The decomposition of litter and the supply of nutrients into and from the soil are two fundamental processes through which the above- and belowground world interact. Microbial biodiversity, and especially that of decomposers, plays a key role in these processes by helping litter decomposition. Yet the relative contribution of litter diversity and soil biodiversity in supporting multiple ecosystem services remains virtually unknown. Here we conducted a mesocosm experiment where leaf litter and soil biodiversity were manipulated to investigate their influence on plant productivity, litter decomposition, soil respiration, and enzymatic activity in the littersphere. We showed that both leaf litter diversity and soil microbial diversity (richness and community composition) independently contributed to explain multiple ecosystem functions. Fungal saprobes community composition was especially important for supporting ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF), plant production, litter decomposition, and activity of soil phosphatase when compared with bacteria or other fungal functional groups and litter species richness. Moreover, leaf litter diversity and soil microbial diversity exerted previously undescribed and significantly interactive effects on EMF and multiple individual ecosystem functions, such as litter decomposition and plant production. Together, our work provides experimental evidence supporting the independent and interactive roles of litter and belowground soil biodiversity to maintain ecosystem functions and multiple services.
Published: 2023

11. Soil biodiversity supports the delivery of multiple ecosystem functions in urban greenspaces

Author: Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Banaras Hindu University, Slovenian Research Agency, Fan, Kunkun [0000-0002-2922-269X], Chu, Haiyan [0000-0001-9004-8750], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Díaz-López, Marta [0000-0002-4178-8047], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Fan, Kunkun, Chu, Haiyan, Eldridge, David J., Gaitán, Juan J., Liu, Yu-Rong, Sokoya, Blessing, Wang, Jun-Tao, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Sun, Wei, Cui, Haiying, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Bastida, F., Díaz-López, Marta, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Berdugo, Miguel, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Grebenc, Tine, Durán, Jorge, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mukherjee, Arpan, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Tianxue, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zaady, Eli, Tedersoo, Leho, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Banaras Hindu University, Slovenian Research Agency, Fan, Kunkun [0000-0002-2922-269X], Chu, Haiyan [0000-0001-9004-8750], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Díaz-López, Marta [0000-0002-4178-8047], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Fan, Kunkun, Chu, Haiyan, Eldridge, David J., Gaitán, Juan J., Liu, Yu-Rong, Sokoya, Blessing, Wang, Jun-Tao, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Sun, Wei, Cui, Haiying, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Bastida, F., Díaz-López, Marta, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Berdugo, Miguel, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Grebenc, Tine, Durán, Jorge, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mukherjee, Arpan, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Wang, Tianxue, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zaady, Eli, Tedersoo, Leho, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: While the contribution of biodiversity to supporting multiple ecosystem functions is well established in natural ecosystems, the relationship of the above- and below-ground diversity with ecosystem multifunctionality remains virtually unknown in urban greenspaces. Here we conducted a standardized survey of urban greenspaces from 56 municipalities across six continents, aiming to investigate the relationships of plant and soil biodiversity (diversity of bacteria, fungi, protists and invertebrates, and metagenomics-based functional diversity) with 18 surrogates of ecosystem functions from nine ecosystem services. We found that soil biodiversity across biomes was significantly and positively correlated with multiple dimensions of ecosystem functions, and contributed to key ecosystem services such as microbially driven carbon pools, organic matter decomposition, plant productivity, nutrient cycling, water regulation, plant–soil mutualism, plant pathogen control and antibiotic resistance regulation. Plant diversity only indirectly influenced multifunctionality in urban greenspaces via changes in soil conditions that were associated with soil biodiversity. These findings were maintained after controlling for climate, spatial context, soil properties, vegetation and management practices. This study provides solid evidence that conserving soil biodiversity in urban greenspaces is key to supporting multiple dimensions of ecosystem functioning, which is critical for the sustainability of urban ecosystems and human wellbeing.
Published: 2023

12. The global contribution of soil mosses to ecosystem services

Author: British Ecological Society, Hermon Slade Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, National Science Foundation (US), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), European Commission, Programa de Investimento e Despesas de Desenvolvimento da Administração Central (Portugal), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Reich, Peter B. [0000-0003-4424-662X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno, José Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Nahberger, Tina U. [0000-0001-9808-1643], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Picó, Sergio [0000-0002-4016-4670], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Yang, Tianxue [0000-0002-0305-6873], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Liu, Shengen [0000-0002-4730-5202], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J., Guirado, Emilio, Reich, Peter B., Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Tedersoo, Leho, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ding, Jingyi, Sun, Wei, Mamet, Steven, Cui, Haiying, He, Ji-Zheng, Hu, Hang-Wei, Sokoya, Blessing, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Guerra, Carlos A., Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mallen-Cooper, Max, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Picó, Sergio, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Zhou, Guiyao, Liu, Shengen, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, British Ecological Society, Hermon Slade Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Slovenian Research Agency, National Science Foundation (US), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), European Commission, Programa de Investimento e Despesas de Desenvolvimento da Administração Central (Portugal), Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Reich, Peter B. [0000-0003-4424-662X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Ding, Jingyi [0000-0002-4120-6318], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814, Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mallen-Cooper, Max [0000-0002-8799-8728], Molina-Montenegro, Marco A. [0000-0001-6801-8942], Moreno, José Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Nahberger, Tina U. [0000-0001-9808-1643], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Picó, Sergio [0000-0002-4016-4670], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Yang, Tianxue [0000-0002-0305-6873], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Zhou, Guiyao [0000-0002-1385-3913], Liu, Shengen [0000-0002-4730-5202], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J., Guirado, Emilio, Reich, Peter B., Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Tedersoo, Leho, Plaza de Carlos, César, Ding, Jingyi, Sun, Wei, Mamet, Steven, Cui, Haiying, He, Ji-Zheng, Hu, Hang-Wei, Sokoya, Blessing, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Guerra, Carlos A., Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mallen-Cooper, Max, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Picó, Sergio, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Zhou, Guiyao, Liu, Shengen, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Soil mosses are among the most widely distributed organisms on land. Experiments and observations suggest that they contribute to terrestrial soil biodiversity and function, yet their ecological contribution to soil has never been assessed globally under natural conditions. Here we conducted the most comprehensive global standardized field study to quantify how soil mosses influence 8 ecosystem services associated with 24 soil biodiversity and functional attributes across wide environmental gradients from all continents. We found that soil mosses are associated with greater carbon sequestration, pool sizes for key nutrients and organic matter decomposition rates but a lower proportion of soil-borne plant pathogens than unvegetated soils. Mosses are especially important for supporting multiple ecosystem services where vascular-plant cover is low. Globally, soil mosses potentially support 6.43 Gt more carbon in the soil layer than do bare soils. The amount of soil carbon associated with mosses is up to six times the annual global carbon emissions from any altered land use globally. The largest positive contribution of mosses to soils occurs under a high cover of mat and turf mosses, in less-productive ecosystems and on sandy and salty soils. Our results highlight the contribution of mosses to soil life and functions and the need to conserve these important organisms to support healthy soils.
Published: 2023

13. Biogenic factors explain soil carbon in paired urban and natural ecosystems worldwide

Author: Fundación BBVA, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Hermon Slade Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Department of Science and Technology (India), Banaras Hindu University, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Bradford, Mark A. [0000-0002-2022-8331], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar [0000-0003-0198-3726], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Liu, Yu-Rong, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Illán, Javier, G., Grebenc, Tine, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Plaza de Carlos, César, Fundación BBVA, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Hermon Slade Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Department of Science and Technology (India), Banaras Hindu University, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Bradford, Mark A. [0000-0002-2022-8331], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo [0000-0001-9539-4716], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar [0000-0003-0198-3726], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Sun, Wei [0000-0002-1601-2159], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Liu, Yu-Rong, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Illán, Javier, G., Grebenc, Tine, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, and Plaza de Carlos, César
Abstract: Urban greenspaces support multiple nature-based services, many of which depend on the amount of soil carbon (C). Yet, the environmental drivers of soil C and its sensitivity to warming are still poorly understood globally. Here we use soil samples from 56 paired urban greenspaces and natural ecosystems worldwide and combine soil C concentration and size fractionation measures with metagenomics and warming incubations. We show that surface soils in urban and natural ecosystems sustain similar C concentrations that follow comparable negative relationships with temperature. Plant productivity’s contribution to explaining soil C was higher in natural ecosystems, while in urban ecosystems, the soil microbial biomass had the greatest explanatory power. Moreover, the soil microbiome supported a faster C mineralization rate with experimental warming in urban greenspaces compared with natural ecosystems. Consequently, urban management strategies should consider the soil microbiome to maintain soil C and related ecosystem services.
Published: 2023

14. Soil contamination in nearby natural areas mirrors that in urban greenspaces worldwide

Author: Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Swiss National Science Foundation, Hermon Slade Foundation, Fundación Séneca, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Australian Research Council, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Ministry of Education (India), Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], van der Heijden, Marcel G. A. [0000-0001-7040-1924], Riedo, Judith [0000-0002-6887-7664], Sanz-Lázaro, Carlos [0000-0002-4431-1762], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Moreno-Jiménez, E. [0000-0002-2125-1197], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Moreno, José Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Casado-Coy, Nuria [0000-0003-4348-2225], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Zeng, Xiao-Min [0000-0003-4978-1015], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Huang, Qiaoyun [0000-0002-2733-8066], Zhu, Yong-Guan [0000-0003-3861-8482], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Tang, Wenfeng [0000-0002-3098-2928], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Liu, Yu-Rong, van der Heijden, Marcel G. A., Riedo, Judith, Sanz-Lázaro, Carlos, Eldridge, David J., Bastida, F., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Berdugo, Miguel, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Casado-Coy, Nuria, Trivedi, Pankaj, Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Verma, Jay Prakash, Mukherjee, Arpan, Zeng, Xiao-Min, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Huang, Qiaoyun, Tang, Wenfeng, Zhu, Yong-Guan, Rillig, Matthias C., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Swiss National Science Foundation, Hermon Slade Foundation, Fundación Séneca, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Australian Research Council, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Ministry of Education (India), Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], van der Heijden, Marcel G. A. [0000-0001-7040-1924], Riedo, Judith [0000-0002-6887-7664], Sanz-Lázaro, Carlos [0000-0002-4431-1762], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Moreno-Jiménez, E. [0000-0002-2125-1197], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Moreno, José Luis [0000-0002-6063-7156], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Casado-Coy, Nuria [0000-0003-4348-2225], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Zeng, Xiao-Min [0000-0003-4978-1015], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Huang, Qiaoyun [0000-0002-2733-8066], Zhu, Yong-Guan [0000-0003-3861-8482], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Tang, Wenfeng [0000-0002-3098-2928], Blanco-Pastor, José Luis [0000-0002-7708-1342], Liu, Yu-Rong, van der Heijden, Marcel G. A., Riedo, Judith, Sanz-Lázaro, Carlos, Eldridge, David J., Bastida, F., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Berdugo, Miguel, Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Casado-Coy, Nuria, Trivedi, Pankaj, Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Verma, Jay Prakash, Mukherjee, Arpan, Zeng, Xiao-Min, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Huang, Qiaoyun, Tang, Wenfeng, Zhu, Yong-Guan, Rillig, Matthias C., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Soil contamination is one of the main threats to ecosystem health and sustainability. Yet little is known about the extent to which soil contaminants differ between urban greenspaces and natural ecosystems. Here we show that urban greenspaces and adjacent natural areas (i.e., natural/semi-natural ecosystems) shared similar levels of multiple soil contaminants (metal(loid)s, pesticides, microplastics, and antibiotic resistance genes) across the globe. We reveal that human influence explained many forms of soil contamination worldwide. Socio-economic factors were integral to explaining the occurrence of soil contaminants worldwide. We further show that increased levels of multiple soil contaminants were linked with changes in microbial traits including genes associated with environmental stress resistance, nutrient cycling, and pathogenesis. Taken together, our work demonstrates that human-driven soil contamination in nearby natural areas mirrors that in urban greenspaces globally, and highlights that soil contaminants have the potential to cause dire consequences for ecosystem sustainability and human wellbeing.
Published: 2023

15. Soils in warmer & less developed countries have less micronutrients globally

Author: European Research Council, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Generalitat Valenciana, Universidad de Alicante, Freie Universität Berlin, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Moreno-Jiménez, E. [0000-0002-2125-1197], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Flagmeier, Maren [0000-0001-6655-5111], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Dacal, Marina [0000-0002-1321-9373], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Crowther, Thomas Ward [0000-0001-5674-8913], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Maestre, Fernando T., Flagmeier, Maren, Guirado, Emilio, Berdugo, Miguel, Bastida, F., Dacal, Marina, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Plaza de Carlos, César, Rillig, Matthias C., Crowther, Thomas Ward, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, European Research Council, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Generalitat Valenciana, Universidad de Alicante, Freie Universität Berlin, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Moreno-Jiménez, E. [0000-0002-2125-1197], Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Flagmeier, Maren [0000-0001-6655-5111], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Dacal, Marina [0000-0002-1321-9373], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Crowther, Thomas Ward [0000-0001-5674-8913], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Maestre, Fernando T., Flagmeier, Maren, Guirado, Emilio, Berdugo, Miguel, Bastida, F., Dacal, Marina, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Plaza de Carlos, César, Rillig, Matthias C., Crowther, Thomas Ward, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Soil micronutrients are capital for the delivery of ecosystem functioning and food provision worldwide. Yet, despite their importance, the global biogeography and ecological drivers of soil micronutrients remain virtually unknown, limiting our capacity to anticipate abrupt unexpected changes in soil micronutrients in the face of climate change. Here, we analyzed >1300 topsoil samples to examine the global distribution of six metallic micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Co and Ni) across all continents, climates and vegetation types. We found that warmer arid and tropical ecosystems, present in the least developed countries, sustain the lowest contents of multiple soil micronutrients. We further provide evidence that temperature increases may potentially result in abrupt and simultaneous reductions in the content of multiple soil micronutrients when a temperature threshold of 12–14°C is crossed, which may be occurring on 3% of the planet over the next century. Altogether, our findings provide fundamental understanding of the global distribution of soil micronutrients, with direct implications for the maintenance of ecosystem functioning, rangeland management and food production in the warmest and poorest regions of the planet.
Published: 2023

16. The importance of biochar quality and pyrolysis yield for soil carbon sequestration in practice

Author: European Commission, Agroscope, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rodrigues, Leonor, Budai, Alice, Elsgaard, Lars, Hardy, Brieuc, Keel, Sonja G., Mondini, Claudio, Plaza de Carlos, César, Leifeld, Jens, European Commission, Agroscope, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rodrigues, Leonor, Budai, Alice, Elsgaard, Lars, Hardy, Brieuc, Keel, Sonja G., Mondini, Claudio, Plaza de Carlos, César, and Leifeld, Jens
Abstract: Biochar is a carbon (C)-rich material produced from biomass by anoxic or oxygen-limited thermal treatment known as pyrolysis. Despite substantial gaseous losses of C during pyrolysis, incorporating biochar in soil has been suggested as an effective long-term option to sequester CO2 for climate change mitigation, due to the intrinsic stability of biochar C. However, no universally applicable approach that combines biochar quality and pyrolysis yield into an overall metric of C sequestration efficiency has been suggested yet. To ensure safe environmental use of biochar in agricultural soils, the International Biochar Initiative and the European Biochar Certificate have developed guidelines on biochar quality. In both guidelines, the hydrogen-to-organic C (H/Corg) ratio is an important quality criterion widely used as a proxy of biochar stability, which has been recognized also in the new EU regulation 2021/2088. Here, we evaluate the biochar C sequestration efficiency from published data that comply with the biochar quality criteria in the above guidelines, which may regulate future large-scale field application in practice. The sequestration efficiency is calculated from the fraction of biochar C remaining in soil after 100 years (Fperm) and the C-yield of various feedstocks pyrolyzed at different temperatures. Both parameters are expressed as a function of H/Corg. Combining these two metrics is relevant for assessing the mitigation potential of the biochar economy. We find that the C sequestration efficiency for stable biochar is in the range of 25%–50% of feedstock C. It depends on the type of feedstock and is in general a non-linear function of H/Corg. We suggest that for plant-based feedstock, biochar production that achieves H/Corg of 0.38–0.44, corresponding to pyrolysis temperatures of 500–550°C, is the most efficient in terms of soil carbon sequestration. Such biochars reveal an average sequestration efficiency of 41.4% (±4.5%) over 100 years.
Published: 2023

17. Suitability of Co-Composted Biochar with Spent Coffee Grounds Substrate for Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Fruiting Stage

Author: Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Picca, Giuseppe [0000-0001-5423-0993], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Picca, Giuseppe, Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Gómez-Ruano, Cristina, Plaza de Carlos, César, Panettieri, Marco, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Picca, Giuseppe [0000-0001-5423-0993], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Picca, Giuseppe, Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Gómez-Ruano, Cristina, Plaza de Carlos, César, and Panettieri, Marco
Abstract: Peat is the predominant component of growing media in soilless horticultural systems. However, peat extraction from peatlands destroys these fragile ecosystems and emits greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Peat replacement by other growing media is, thus, paramount to ensure a more sustainable horticultural sector. This study investigated the agronomical performances of two spent coffee ground-based composts with and without biochar, during three different stages of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) development: seeds germination (0–6 days), seedling development (7–49 days), and plant-to-fruit maturity (36–100 days). The two composts were used as peat replacement and mixed with peat at four different volumetric proportions: 100% (pure compost), 50%, 30%, and 15%. The substrates had a stimulant effect on seed germination but induced stunted growth due to the elevated electrical conductivity. For the latest stages of plant development, compost with and without biochar mixed with peat at 50% promoted an increase in fruit production of 60.8% and 100.3%, compared to the control substrate. The present study provides evidence that combining biochar with spent coffee ground compost represents a potential alternative for peat-based growing media promoting a circular production model in the horticultural sector, but the results are dilution- and plant development stage-dependent.
Published: 2023

18. Supplementary material for Díaz-Martínez et al. “Biocrusts buffer against climate change effects on soil organic carbon pools: Insights from a 9-year experiment”

Author: Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Moreno, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, Maestre, Fernando T., Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Moreno, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Published: 2023

19. Biocrusts Modulate Climate Change Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Pools: Insights From a 9-Year Experiment

Author: European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas, Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Moreno, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, Maestre, Fernando T., European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Españolas, Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Moreno, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that warming associated with climate change is decreasing the total amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) in drylands, although scientific research has not given enough emphasis to particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) pools. Biocrusts are a major biotic feature of drylands and have large impacts on the C cycle, yet it is largely unknown whether they modulate the responses of POC and MAOC to climate change. Here, we assessed the effects of simulated climate change (control, reduced rainfall (RE), warming (WA), and RE + WA) and initial biocrust cover (low (< 20%) versus high (> 50%)) on the mineral protection of soil C and soil organic matter quality in a dryland ecosystem in central Spain for 9 years. At low initial biocrust cover levels, both WA and RE + WA increased SOC, especially POC but also MAOC, and promoted a higher contribution of carbohydrates, relative to aromatic compounds, to the POC fraction. These results suggest that the accumulation of soil C under warming treatments may be transitory in soils with low initial biocrust cover. In soils with high initial biocrust cover, climate change treatments did not affect SOC, neither POC nor MAOC fraction. Overall, our results indicate that biocrust communities modulate the negative effect of climate change on SOC, because no losses of soil C were observed with the climate manipulations under biocrusts. Future work should focus on determining the long-term persistence of the observed buffering effect by biocrust-forming lichens, as they are known to be negatively affected by warming.
Published: 2023

20. Simultaneous molecular fingerprinting of natural organic matter and synthetic polymers (PE, PET, PP, PS and PVC) using analytical pyrolysis

Author: Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Kaal, Joeri [0000-0002-0177-5911], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Kaal, Joeri, Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Wenig, Philip, Veliu, Medina, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, Panettieri, Marco, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Kaal, Joeri [0000-0002-0177-5911], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Kaal, Joeri, Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Wenig, Philip, Veliu, Medina, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, and Panettieri, Marco
Abstract: The rapid accumulation of plastics in the environment has created the need for methods that allow to identify synthetic organic matter (SyOM) in sample matrices dominated by natural organic matter (NOM). We investigated the molecular composition of mixtures of peat with several key synthetic polymers –polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)– using pyrolysis-GC-MS (Py-GC-MS) and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC-MS), to determine the capacities of these analytical tools to identify and quantify SyOM accumulation in organic-rich sample matrix without prior elimination of the NOM. The detection limit of Py-GC-MS depends mainly on the pyrolysis yield (signal intensity per unit of mass; PS > PE > PP > PET > PVC) and the specificity of the markers in the NOM matrix (PS > PET > PP > PVC > PE). Py-GC-MS allowed the identification of PET at a concentration of 0.002%, PS at 0.01%, PP at 0.1%, PE at 0.2% and PVC at 2%. Quantification was more problematic, as most markers showed inconsistent trends with SyOM concentration. THM-GC-MS yielded similar results, albeit the products of PP and PE could be more easily distinguished from NOM products because of the protection of the NOM’s fatty acids from decarboxylation, and because THM-GC-MS minimizes PET decarboxylation, enabling the use of the dimethyl terephthalate marker (detection limits: 0.02% for PE, PP and PET, 0.1% for PS and 0.2% for PVC). High-throughput analytical pyrolysis approaches have a clear potential to identify SyOM, but quantification requires NOM removal. In addition, we raise awareness of co-pyrolysis effects in simultaneous NOM-SyOM analysis, such as the influence of HCl formed during pyrolysis of PVC, which inhibits the intramolecular reorganization during cellulose pyrolysis and thus mitigates formation of the key product levoglucosan, and the effect of NOM on the balance between monomer, dimer and trimer produc
Published: 2023

21. Ecosystem productivity has a stronger influence than soil age on surface soil carbon storage across global biomes

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw [0000-0002-6986-7943], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Png, G. Kenny [0000-0003-2374-2595], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, Barquero, Jesús, Bastida, F., Png, G. Kenny, Rey, Ana, Bardgett, Richard D., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw [0000-0002-6986-7943], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Png, G. Kenny [0000-0003-2374-2595], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, Barquero, Jesús, Bastida, F., Png, G. Kenny, Rey, Ana, Bardgett, Richard D., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Interactions between soil organic matter and minerals largely govern the carbon sequestration capacity of soils. Yet, variations in the proportions of free light (unprotected) and mineral-associated (protected) carbon as soil develops in contrasting ecosystems are poorly constrained. Here, we studied 16 long-term chronosequences from six continents and found that the ecosystem type is more important than soil age (centuries to millennia) in explaining the proportion of unprotected and mineral-associated carbon fractions in surface soils across global biomes. Soil carbon pools in highly productive tropical and temperate forests were dominated by the unprotected carbon fraction and were highly vulnerable to reductions in ecosystem productivity and warming. Conversely, soil carbon in low productivity, drier and colder ecosystems was dominated by mineral-protected carbon, and was less responsive to warming. Our findings emphasize the importance of conserving ecosystem productivity to protect carbon stored in surface soils. Soil organic carbon pools in productive tropical and temperate forests are more labile than those in drier colder ecosystems where mineral-protected organic carbon dominates, according to analyses of 16 long-term chronosequences from six continents.
Published: 2022

22. Global hotspots for soil nature conservation

Author: British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), German Research Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720, Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Moreno, J. L. [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Guerra, Carlos A., Berdugo, Miguel, Eldridge, David J., Eisenhauer, Nico, Singh, Brajesh K., Cui, Haiying, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Mukherjee, Arpan, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Picó, Sergio, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Tedersoo, Leho, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, British Ecological Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), German Research Foundation, Science and Engineering Research Board (India), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720, Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Cui, Haiying [0000-0003-4993-2231], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Mamet, Steven [0000-0002-3510-3814], Moreno, J. L. [0000-0002-6063-7156], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F. [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Tedersoo, Leho [0000-0002-1635-1249], Ríos, Asunción de los [0000-0002-0266-3516], Torres-Díaz, Cristian [0000-0002-5741-5288], Guerra, Carlos A., Berdugo, Miguel, Eldridge, David J., Eisenhauer, Nico, Singh, Brajesh K., Cui, Haiying, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier, G., Liu, Yu-Rong, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Mamet, Steven, Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Mukherjee, Arpan, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Picó, Sergio, Verma, Jay Prakash, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Tedersoo, Leho, Teixido, Alberto L., Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Trivedi, Pankaj, Wang, Jun-Tao, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Soils are the foundation of all terrestrial ecosystems1. However, unlike for plants and animals, a global assessment of hotspots for soil nature conservation is still lacking2. This hampers our ability to establish nature conservation priorities for the multiple dimensions that support the soil system: from soil biodiversity to ecosystem services. Here, to identify global hotspots for soil nature conservation, we performed a global field survey that includes observations of biodiversity (archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists and invertebrates) and functions (critical for six ecosystem services) in 615 composite samples of topsoil from a standardized survey in all continents. We found that each of the different ecological dimensions of soils—that is, species richness (alpha diversity, measured as amplicon sequence variants), community dissimilarity and ecosystem services—peaked in contrasting regions of the planet, and were associated with different environmental factors. Temperate ecosystems showed the highest species richness, whereas community dissimilarity peaked in the tropics, and colder high-latitudinal ecosystems were identified as hotspots of ecosystem services. These findings highlight the complexities that are involved in simultaneously protecting multiple ecological dimensions of soil. We further show that most of these hotspots are not adequately covered by protected areas (more than 70%), and are vulnerable in the context of several scenarios of global change. Our global estimation of priorities for soil nature conservation highlights the importance of accounting for the multidimensionality of soil biodiversity and ecosystem services to conserve soils for future generations.
Published: 2022

23. Contents of soil organic matter fractions as affected by warming and rain exclusion at a semiarid Mediterranean site

Author: European Commission, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Plaza de Carlos, César, Maestre, Fernando T., European Commission, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Plaza de Carlos, César, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Abstract: Data and metadata of total, free, intra-aggregate, and mineral-associated organic C and N contents of soils from a dryland ecosystem warming experiment established in Aranjuez, Central Spain.
Published: 2022

24. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands

Author: European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, European Commission, Asia Foundation, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Northern Arizona University, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), National Science Foundation (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Australian Research Council, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Junta de Extremadura, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Environmental Investment Fund of Namibia, Taylor Family Foundation, Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg [0000-0002-4508-8929], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Ferrante, Daniela [0000-0002-6056-3839], Frank, Anke S. K. [0000-0002-0177-4898], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Jeltsch, Florian [0000-0002-4670-6469], Gherardi, Laureano [0000-0001-5743-1096], Greenville, Aaron [0000-0002-0113-4778], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth [0000-0002-3103-0419], Hernández Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Huber-Sannwald, E. [0000-0002-8321-1270], Hughes, Frederic M. [0000-0002-5835-953X], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Koopman, Jesica E. [0000-0002-7944-7969], Leder, Cintia [0000-0003-4829-4477], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Liu, Jushan [0000-0001-7768-914X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Manzaneda, Antonio J. [0000-0001-9384-7910], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pivari, Marco O. D. [0000-0003-1764-4577], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Richard, Benoit [0000-0003-4522-027X], Rodríguez, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rubalcaba, Juan G. [0000-0003-4646-070X], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Swemmer, Anthony [0000-0003-1378-7394], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Throop, Heather L. [0000-0002-7963-4342], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Val, James [0000-0003-4519-4008], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velasco Ayuso, Sergio [0000-0002-5924-8786], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Asencio, Sergio [0000-0003-4376-2964], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Salas, O. [0000-0003-0142-9450], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Alados, Concepción L. [0000-0002-6227-861X], Aramayo, Valeria [0000-0003-4827-6914], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Arredondo, Tulio [0000-0003-1969-9942], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Bahalkeh, Khadijeh [0000-0003-1485-0316], Salem, Farah Ben [0000-0001-6100-9496], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Helena [0000-0003-1818-1535], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Currier, Courtney M. [0000-0002-7617-239X], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Sáiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Gross, Nicolas, Mendoza, Betty, Plaza de Carlos, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun-Tao, Bu, Chongfeng, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Salas, O., Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Alados, Concepcion L., Canessa, Rafaella, Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Salem, Farah Ben, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Jeltsch, Florian, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S. K., Jentsch, Anke, Fraser, L. H., Gherardi, Laureano, Greenville, Aaron, Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, E., Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán, Oswaldo, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jesica E., Leder, Cintia, Linstädter, Anja, Le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Liancourt, Pierre, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Liu, Jushan, Low, Michelle A., Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Rolo, Víctor, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Pivari, Marco O. D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, P.J., Richard, Benoit, Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Swemmer, Anthony, Gaitán, Juan J., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Asencio, Sergio, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Yuanming, Zhang, European Research Council, Generalitat Valenciana, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, German Research Foundation, European Commission, Asia Foundation, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Northern Arizona University, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), National Science Foundation (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), National Research Foundation (South Africa), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Australian Research Council, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Junta de Andalucía, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Junta de Extremadura, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Environmental Investment Fund of Namibia, Taylor Family Foundation, Maestre, Fernando T. [0000-0002-7434-4856], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Eldridge, David J. [0000-0002-2191-486X], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Gozalo, Beatriz [0000-0003-3082-4695], Ochoa, Victoria [0000-0002-2055-2094], Guirado, Emilio [0000-0001-5348-7391], García-Gómez, Miguel [0000-0003-3148-1495], Valencia, Enrique [0000-0003-3359-0759], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Deák, Balázs [0000-0001-6938-1997], Donoso, David [0000-0002-3408-1457], Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg [0000-0002-4508-8929], Espinosa, Carlos Iván [0000-0002-5330-4505], Fajardo, Alex [0000-0002-2202-6207], Farzam, Mohammad [0000-0003-1947-0187], Ferrante, Daniela [0000-0002-6056-3839], Frank, Anke S. K. [0000-0002-0177-4898], Fraser, L. H. [0000-0003-3998-5540], Jeltsch, Florian [0000-0002-4670-6469], Gherardi, Laureano [0000-0001-5743-1096], Greenville, Aaron [0000-0002-0113-4778], Guerra, Carlos A. [0000-0003-4917-2105], Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth [0000-0002-3103-0419], Hernández Hernández, Rosa M. [0000-0003-0689-8862], Huber-Sannwald, E. [0000-0002-8321-1270], Hughes, Frederic M. [0000-0002-5835-953X], Jadán, Oswaldo. [0000-0002-7865-2418], Jentsch, Anke [0000-0002-2345-8300], Kaseke, Kudzai Farai [0000-0002-3856-0711], Köbel, Melanie [0000-0001-8272-7999], Koopman, Jesica E. [0000-0002-7944-7969], Leder, Cintia [0000-0003-4829-4477], Linstädter, Anja [0000-0003-0038-9557], Le Roux, Peter C. [0000-0002-7941-7444], Liancourt, Pierre [0000-0002-3109-8755], Liu, Jushan [0000-0001-7768-914X], Munson, Seth M. [0000-0002-2736-6374], Low, Michelle A. [0000-0002-2148-9752], Maggs Kölling, Gillian [0000-0003-3296-8553], Makhalanyane, Thulani P. [0000-0002-8173-1678], Malam Issa, Oumarou [0000-0001-8357-914X], Manzaneda, Antonio J. [0000-0001-9384-7910], Marais, Eugene [0000-0001-7155-9942], Mora, Juan P. [0000-0002-6335-0150], Moreno, Gerardo [0000-0001-8053-2696], Nunes, Alice [0000-0002-6900-3838], Oliva, Gabriel [0000-0002-7839-8851], Oñatibia, Gastón [0000-0003-2329-6601], Peter, Guadalupe [0000-0002-7792-7045], Pivari, Marco O. D. [0000-0003-1764-4577], Pueyo, Yolanda [0000-0001-6970-7790], Quiroga, R Emiliano [0000-0001-9785-451X], Reed, Sasha C. [0000-0002-8597-8619], Rey, P.J. [0000-0001-5550-0393], Teixido, Alberto L. [0000-0001-8009-1237], Richard, Benoit [0000-0003-4522-027X], Rodríguez, Alexandra [0000-0001-5849-8778], Rolo, Víctor [0000-0001-5854-9512], Rubalcaba, Juan G. [0000-0003-4646-070X], Salah, Ayman [0000-0003-0596-1292], Stavi, Ilan [0000-0001-9725-0003], Stephens, Colton R. A. [0000-0002-8744-6405], Swemmer, Anthony [0000-0003-1378-7394], Thomas, Andrew [0000-0002-1360-1687], Throop, Heather L. [0000-0002-7963-4342], Travers, Samantha [0000-0002-6252-1667], Val, James [0000-0003-4519-4008], Valkó, Orsolya [0000-0001-7919-6293], van den Brink, Liesbeth [0000-0003-0313-8147], Velasco Ayuso, Sergio [0000-0002-5924-8786], Velbert, Frederike [0000-0003-0499-3807], Wamiti, Wanyoike [0000-0001-7300-2101], Asencio, Sergio [0000-0003-4376-2964], Wang, Deli [0000-0001-6576-9193], Wang, Lixin [0000-0003-0968-1247], Wardle, Glenda M. [0000-0003-0189-1899], Yahdjian, Laura [0000-0002-9635-1221], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Yuanming, Zhang [0000-0003-1370-4181], Singh, Brajesh K. [0000-0003-4413-4185], Gross, Nicolas [0000-0001-9730-3240], Mendoza, Betty [0000-0003-1149-7801], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Wang, Jun-Tao [0000-0002-1822-2176], Lehmann, Anika [0000-0002-9101-9297], Rillig, Matthias C. [0000-0003-3541-7853], Cesarz, Simone [0000-0003-2334-5119], Eisenhauer, Nico [0000-0002-0371-6720], Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime [0000-0001-5859-5674], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Salas, O. [0000-0003-0142-9450], Abedi, Mehdi [0000-0002-1499-0119], Ahmadian , Negar [0000-0003-1191-3019], Alados, Concepción L. [0000-0002-6227-861X], Aramayo, Valeria [0000-0003-4827-6914], Amghar, Fateh [0000-0003-0379-7273], Arredondo, Tulio [0000-0003-1969-9942], Ahumada, Rodrigo J. [0000-0002-7246-4459], Bahalkeh, Khadijeh [0000-0003-1485-0316], Salem, Farah Ben [0000-0001-6100-9496], Blaum, Niels [0000-0001-6807-5162], Boldgiv, Bazartseren [0000-0003-0015-8142], Browker, Matthew A. [0000-0002-5891-0264], Bran, Donaldo [0000-0001-7749-2726], Bu, Chongfeng [0000-0002-5839-7229], Canessa, Rafaella [0000-0002-6979-9880], Castro, Helena [0000-0003-1818-1535], Castro, Ignacio [0000-0002-7594-6824], Castro-Quezada, Patricio [0000-0002-2366-2256], Conceição, Abel A. [0000-0001-7461-0133], Currier, Courtney M. [0000-0002-7617-239X], Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony [0000-0002-2825-7962], Dougill, Andrew [0000-0002-3422-8228], Maestre, Fernando T., Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Sáiz, Hugo, Berdugo, Miguel, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Zhou, Xiaobing, Singh, Brajesh K., Gross, Nicolas, Mendoza, Betty, Plaza de Carlos, César, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Rey, Ana, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Wang, Jun-Tao, Bu, Chongfeng, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Cesarz, Simone, Eisenhauer, Nico, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Salas, O., Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian , Negar, Alados, Concepcion L., Canessa, Rafaella, Aramayo, Valeria, Amghar, Fateh, Arredondo, Tulio, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Salem, Farah Ben, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Browker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Helena, Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Jeltsch, Florian, Deák, Balázs, Donoso, David, Dougill, Andrew, Durán, Jorge, Erdenetsetseg, Batdegleg, Espinosa, Carlos Iván, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Frank, Anke S. K., Jentsch, Anke, Fraser, L. H., Gherardi, Laureano, Greenville, Aaron, Guerra, Carlos A., Gusmán Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández Hernández, Rosa M., Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, E., Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán, Oswaldo, Kaseke, Kudzai Farai, Köbel, Melanie, Koopman, Jesica E., Leder, Cintia, Linstädter, Anja, Le Roux, Peter C., Li, Xinkai, Liancourt, Pierre, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Liu, Jushan, Low, Michelle A., Maggs Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Manzaneda, Antonio J., Marais, Eugene, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Rolo, Víctor, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón, Pivari, Marco O. D., Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R Emiliano, Rahmanian, Soroor, Reed, Sasha C., Rey, P.J., Richard, Benoit, Rubalcaba, Juan G., Ruppert, Jan C., Salah, Ayman, Schuchardt, Max A., Spann, Sedona, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Swemmer, Anthony, Gaitán, Juan J., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew, Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Velbert, Frederike, Asencio, Sergio, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, and Yuanming, Zhang
Abstract: Grazing represents the most extensive use of land worldwide. Yet its impacts on ecosystem services remain uncertain because pervasive interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil properties, and biodiversity may occur but have never been addressed simultaneously. Using a standardized survey at 98 sites across six continents, we show that interactions between grazing pressure, climate, soil, and biodiversity are critical to explain the delivery of fundamental ecosystem services across drylands worldwide. Increasing grazing pressure reduced ecosystem service delivery in warmer and species-poor drylands, whereas positive effects of grazing were observed in colder and species-rich areas. Considering interactions between grazing and local abiotic and biotic factors is key for understanding the fate of dryland ecosystems under climate change and increasing human pressure. Copyright © 2022 the authors
Published: 2022

25. Synergistic effects of biochar and biostimulants on nutrient and toxic element uptake by pepper in contaminated soils

Author: Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Antón-Herrero, Rafael, Vega-Jara, Liliana, García-Delgado, Carlos, Mayans, Begoña, Camacho-Arévalo, Raquel, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, Eymar, Enrique, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Antón-Herrero, Rafael, Vega-Jara, Liliana, García-Delgado, Carlos, Mayans, Begoña, Camacho-Arévalo, Raquel, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, and Eymar, Enrique
Abstract: [BACKGROUND] Nowadays a significant amount of land contaminated with toxic elements is being used for agriculture, posing a serious risk of crop contamination and toxicity. Several methodologies are being used to remediate soil contamination, including the use of amendments such as biochar. This work evaluated the effects of biochar combined with different fertirrigations (water, a conventional fertilizer solution, or a fertilizer solution with a commercial biostimulant derived from leonardite) on the availability of toxic elements and nutrients for pepper cultivated in a soil contaminated with As, Cd, Pb, and Zn., [RESULTS] Irrigation with fertilizer solutions improved plant growth regardless of the biochar amendment. Biochar decreased the bioavailability of Cu and Pb in soil and the Cu content in pepper leaves. Combined with fertilization, biochar also decreased plant As and Pb content. Biochar combined with biostimulant decreased the bioavailable content of Cd in soil and its uptake by pepper plants., [CONCLUSION] The use of biochar and biostimulant presented advantages for plant production in a non-suitable scenario of nutrient scarcity and contamination.
Published: 2022

26. Data from 'Ecosystem productivity has a stronger influence than soil age on surface soil carbon storage across global biomes'

Author: Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw [0000-0002-6986-7943], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Png, G. Kenny [0000-0003-2374-2595], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, Barquero, Jesús, Bastida, F., Png, G. Kenny, Rey, Ana, Bardgett, Richard D., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw [0000-0002-6986-7943], Bastida, F. [0000-0001-9958-7099], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Png, G. Kenny [0000-0003-2374-2595], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, Barquero, Jesús, Bastida, F., Png, G. Kenny, Rey, Ana, Bardgett, Richard D., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Data from "Ecosystem productivity has a stronger influence than soil age on surface soil carbon storage across global biomes"
Published: 2022

27. Effects of microplastics on crop nutrition in fertile soils and interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Author: Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Research Council, Freie Universität Berlin, Fundación BBVA, Projekt DEAL, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Leifheit, Eva F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Feng, Linshan, Bergmann, Joana, Wulf, Anja, Lehmann, Anika, Rillig, Matthias C., Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Research Council, Freie Universität Berlin, Fundación BBVA, Projekt DEAL, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Leifheit, Eva F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Feng, Linshan, Bergmann, Joana, Wulf, Anja, Lehmann, Anika, and Rillig, Matthias C.
Abstract: [Introduction] Soil microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a main factor of global change, but its effects on soil nutrient availability and uptake by crops (macro and micronutrients) are largely unknown. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are regulators of nutrient availability and uptake and can interact with soil MP., [Materials and Methods] Building on previous studies, here we explored in a 50-days pot experiment the influence and interaction of MP fibres (0.4%) and commercial AMF in soil and onion chemistry, that is, in elemental composition of onion shoots and soils (C, N, Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) and micronutrient soil availability (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn)., [Results] MP had detrimental effects on K, Mg and S, but increased the soil availability of Zn and shoot uptake. AMF inoculation buffered the effects of MP by balancing/enhancing nutrient availability and plant uptake. Particularly, the commercial AMF inoculum remarkably enhanced Mn uptake by onion., [Conclusion] Our results support the use of AMF to sustainably manage agricultural ecosystems contaminated with MP, buffering and counteracting the effects of MP by balancing nutrient availability and plant uptake.
Published: 2022

28. Iron speciation in soil size fractions under different land uses

Author: Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Giannetta, Beatrice, Plaza de Carlos, César, Thompson, Aaron, Plante, Alain F., Zaccone, Claudio, Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Giannetta, Beatrice, Plaza de Carlos, César, Thompson, Aaron, Plante, Alain F., and Zaccone, Claudio
Abstract: Iron (Fe) (oxyhydr)oxides represent a significant phase for the organic carbon (OC) stabilization. Due to their high surface areas, short-range-ordered Fe minerals, like ferrihydrite, show a higher ability to stabilize OC than crystalline secondary minerals, like lepidocrocite, goethite, and magnetite. However, how Fe phases and their crystallinity relate to soil organic matter (SOM) composition is still not completely known. We investigated Fe solid phase speciation in two soil particle size fractions (i.e., fine sand — FSa — and fine silt and clay — FSi + Cl —), isolated from coniferous (CF) and broadleaved forest soils (BF), grassland soils (GL), and technosols (TS). All samples were characterized by Fe K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray diffraction, and a subset by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Further, ramped combustion thermal analyses (coupled differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and CO2 evolved gas analysis (CO2-EGA)) were used to evaluated SOM stability. With the only exception of TS, goethite was the main Fe phase in FSa fractions, whereas less crystalline phases (i.e., ferrihydrite, based on EXAFS) dominated the FSi + Cl fractions. The proportion of goethite and ferrihydrite in both fractions decreased with increasing OC content, while that of Fe(III)-SOM in FSa increased with increasing OC content. Mössbauer and EXAFS data clearly indicated a presence of hematite in GL soils. Our data suggest that more crystalline Fe forms, like goethite and hematite, may be important for OC abundance in the FSa fraction and in soils with high OC contents, like GL. Thermal analysis showed the dominance of mineral associated organic matter in low-OC soils, and of plant residues in high-OC soils. As a whole, we posit that the FSi + Cl fractions contain Fe phases of less crystallinity because of presumed association with SOM, and that SOM in the FSi + Cl fraction is also more thermodynamically stable than in FSa, although differences are obs
Published: 2022

29. Publisher Correction: Soil contamination in nearby natural areas mirrors that in urban greenspaces worldwide

Author: Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Van der Heijden, Marcel G A [0000-0001-7040-1924], Riedo, Judith [0000-0002-6887-7664], Sanz-Lazaro, Carlos [0000-0002-4431-1762], Eldridge, David J [0000-0002-2191-486X], Bastida, Felipe [0000-0001-9958-7099], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Moreno, José L [0000-0002-6063-7156], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], de Los Ríos, Asunción [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Makhalanyane, Thulani P [0000-0002-8173-1678], Molina-Montenegro, Marco A [0000-0001-6801-8942], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Casado-Coy, Nuria [0000-0003-4348-2225], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Huang, Qiaoyun [0000-0002-2733-8066], Rillig, Matthias C [0000-0003-3541-7853], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Liu, Yu-Rong, van der Heijden, Marcel G. A., Riedo, Judith, Sanz-Lazaro, Carlos, Eldridge, David J., Bastida, F., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Berdugo, Miguel, Blanco-Pastor, José L., Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Casado-Coy, Nuria, Trivedi, Pankaj, Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Verma, Jay Prakash, Mukherjee, Arpan, Zeng, Xiao-Min, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Huang, Qiaoyun, Tan, Wenfeng, Zhu, Yong-Guan, Rillig, Matthias C., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Liu, Yu-Rong [0000-0003-1112-4255], Van der Heijden, Marcel G A [0000-0001-7040-1924], Riedo, Judith [0000-0002-6887-7664], Sanz-Lazaro, Carlos [0000-0002-4431-1762], Eldridge, David J [0000-0002-2191-486X], Bastida, Felipe [0000-0001-9958-7099], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Hu, Hang-Wei [0000-0002-3294-102X], He, Ji-Zheng [0000-0002-9169-8058], Moreno, José L [0000-0002-6063-7156], Abades, Sebastián [0000-0001-5704-4037], Alfaro, Fernando D. [0000-0003-2922-1838], Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], de Los Ríos, Asunción [0000-0002-0266-3516], Durán, Jorge [0000-0002-7375-5290], Grebenc, Tine [0000-0003-4035-8587], Makhalanyane, Thulani P [0000-0002-8173-1678], Molina-Montenegro, Marco A [0000-0001-6801-8942], Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F [0000-0001-7085-9521], Plaza, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Rey, Ana [0000-0003-0394-101X], Siebe, Christina [0000-0002-2636-6778], Casado-Coy, Nuria [0000-0003-4348-2225], Trivedi, Pankaj [0000-0003-0173-2804], Verma, Jay Prakash [0000-0002-2643-9623], Wang, Jianyong [0000-0002-9863-0056], Zaady, Eli [0000-0002-3304-534X], Huang, Qiaoyun [0000-0002-2733-8066], Rillig, Matthias C [0000-0003-3541-7853], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Liu, Yu-Rong, van der Heijden, Marcel G. A., Riedo, Judith, Sanz-Lazaro, Carlos, Eldridge, David J., Bastida, F., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Bamigboye, Adebola R., Berdugo, Miguel, Blanco-Pastor, José L., Ríos, Asunción de los, Durán, Jorge, Grebenc, Tine, Illán, Javier G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Casado-Coy, Nuria, Trivedi, Pankaj, Torres-Díaz, Cristian, Verma, Jay Prakash, Mukherjee, Arpan, Zeng, Xiao-Min, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Huang, Qiaoyun, Tan, Wenfeng, Zhu, Yong-Guan, Rillig, Matthias C., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Correction to: Nature Communications, published online 27 March 2023 In the version of this article originally published, the current affiliation 25, “CEAZA, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile,” initially appeared as the last affiliation, offsetting all author footnotes from 25-39. The affiliation order has been restored in the article.
Published: 2023

30. Compositing of Coffee Silverskin with Carbon Rich Materials Leads to High Quality Soil Amendments

Author: Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Madejón, Engracia [0000-0002-6282-7041], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Picca, Giuseppe, Plaza de Carlos, César, Madejón, Engracia, Panettieri, Marco, Comunidad de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Madejón, Engracia [0000-0002-6282-7041], Panettieri, Marco [0000-0003-4769-8955], Picca, Giuseppe, Plaza de Carlos, César, Madejón, Engracia, and Panettieri, Marco
Abstract: [Purpose] Coffee silverskin (CS) is the integument covering the raw coffee bean, representing the primary waste product of the coffee-roasting industry. Despite the growing attention in seeking potential reuse of this material, the majority of CS is commonly used as a firelighter or discharged to landfills. The study aimed to test co-composting as a low-cost solution that meets the circular economy paradigms proposed by the European Union., [Methods] Four composting mixtures were prepared mixing CS with pruning waste and biochar at different ratios, aiming to maximize the amount of compostable CS per batch and monitored for 60 days., [Results] The contents of macro-, micro- and trace elements of the final composts matched the strictest requirements of the Spanish national regulation on compost quality (Class A amendments), proving that CS composts area high-value amendment rich in N and K. Despite the highly phytotoxic effect of CS raw material, the seed germination tests showed that all the mature composts exhibited phytostimulant properties allowing their harmless application to the soil. The four composts had a high water holding capacity (237–351% dw) and they are likely to promote the persistence of plant-available water in the soil., [Conclusion] The present study showed that composting the whole CS produced in Europe would lead to a recovery of 2420–3481 tons of nitrogen and 1873 tons of potassium, reducing the dependency on mineral fertilizers, thus meeting the growing demand for sustainable and low-cost amendments.
Published: 2023

31. Delgado-Baquerizo et al. 2023

Author: Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Liu, Yu-Rong, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Illán, Javier, G., Grebenc, Tine, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, Plaza de Carlos, César, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Eldridge, David J., Berdugo, Miguel, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Liu, Yu-Rong, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Bastida, F., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Durán, Jorge, Gaitán, Juan J., Illán, Javier, G., Grebenc, Tine, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Jaiswal, Durgesh Kumar, Nahberger, Tina U., Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Rey, Ana, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Siebe, Christina, Teixido, Alberto L., Sun, Wei, Trivedi, Pankaj, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Yang, Tianxue, Zaady, Eli, Zhou, Xiaobing, Zhou, Xin-Quan, and Plaza de Carlos, César
Published: 2023

32. The particulate organic fraction dominates soil carbon in the mineral layer of cold ecosystems

Author: García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Celis, Miguel de, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Gil, Juan C., Gaitán, Juan J., Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Mueller, Panettieri, Marco, Rey, Ana, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Schuur, Edward A. G., Sokol, Noah, Tedersoo, Leho, Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Bradford, Mark A., Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Celis, Miguel de, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, García-Gil, Juan C., Gaitán, Juan J., Goñi-Urtiaga, Asier, Mueller, Panettieri, Marco, Rey, Ana, Sáez-Sandino, Tadeo, Schuur, Edward A. G., Sokol, Noah, Tedersoo, Leho, and Plaza de Carlos, César
Abstract: Discriminating between soil particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated (MAOC) can constrain the uncertainty of global SOC estimates. Despite that a massive amount of the global SOC stock is stored in cold regions such as arctic, subarctic and alpine biomes, and that these regions are warming faster than the global average, how C is distributed among fractions is not considered when assessing the contribution of cold regions to global land C-climate feedbacks. Here we combined field observations of POC and MAOC fractions in the mineral layer with experimental warming, to investigate whether SOC in cold regions is predominantly stored in the POC fraction, and whether this relates to higher SOC losses with warming than in milder biomes. We show that SOC in surface mineral soils (0 to 30 cm) is largely dominated by the POC fraction in both permafrost and non-permafrost soils, and in arctic and alpine ecosystems but not in subarctic environments. The experimental findings indicate that SOC is more vulnerable to warming in cold ecosystems compared to milder biomes, as mediated by higher warming-induced POC losses, which agrees with the previous pattern of POC dominance. Our comprehensive analysis suggests that the massive SOC accumulation in cold ecosystems is not only warming faster that the global average, but predominantly stored in the POC fraction, the fraction most vulnerable to anthropogenic climate warming.
Published: 2023

33. Papel de las fracciones del carbono orgánico del suelo en el mantenimiento de los servicios ecosistémicos a escala global

Author: McGill Alfonsel, Luna, Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Maestre, Fernando T., McGill Alfonsel, Luna, Plaza de Carlos, César, García-Palacios, Pablo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Abstract: El carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) juega un papel crucial en la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos tales como la regulación hídrica, el ciclado de nutrientes, la descomposición de materia orgánica, la productividad primaria, el control de patógenos, la simbiosis y la regulación del clima. Sin embargo, el COS se encuentra almacenado en dos fracciones con distintas propiedades biogeoquímicas – el carbono orgánico particulado (COP) y el carbono orgánico asociado a minerales (COAM) – que pueden tener funciones contrastadas en dichos servicios ecosistémicos. En este estudio analizamos la asociación entre el COP y el COAM y siete servicios ecosistémicos analizados de manera individual o agregados en un índice de multifuncionalidad. Para ello analizamos una base de datos global procedente de un muestreo estandarizado de suelos de 329 sitios que cubren una amplia variedad de climas, vegetación y clases de suelos. Entre los resultados obtenidos, observamos que un incremento de los contenidos de COAM, y especialmente de COP, generalmente tiene un efecto favorable sobre los servicios ecosistémicos considerados, y que el tipo de bioma y el índice de aridez condicionan la magnitud de ese efecto. Este estudio aporta conocimiento útil a la hora de enfrentarse a los cambios previstos en los próximos años asociados al fenómeno de cambio global, enfatizando en la importancia de las fracciones del carbono orgánico del suelo a la hora de invertir los esfuerzos en mitigar los efectos de este fenómeno sobre los servicios ecosistémicos.
Published: 2023

34. The contribution of biotic factors in explaining the global distribution of inorganic carbon in surface soils [Dataset]

Author: Zeng, Xiao-Min, Bastida, F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Zhou, Guiyao, Vera Ayala, Alfonso, Liu, Yu-Rong, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Zeng, Xiao-Min, Bastida, F., Plaza de Carlos, César, Zhou, Guiyao, Vera Ayala, Alfonso, Liu, Yu-Rong, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Published: 2023

35. The effects of biochar on soil organic matter pools are not influenced by climate change

Author: García-Gil, Juan Carlos [0000-0003-2308-7260], Benavente-Feraces, Iria [0000-0002-2817-5537], Beatrice Giannetta, Plaza de Carlos, César, Michele Cassetta, Gino Mariotto, Iria Benavente-Ferraces, Juan C. García-Gil, Marco Panettieri, Claudio Zaccone, García-Gil, Juan Carlos [0000-0003-2308-7260], Benavente-Feraces, Iria [0000-0002-2817-5537], Beatrice Giannetta, Plaza de Carlos, César, Michele Cassetta, Gino Mariotto, Iria Benavente-Ferraces, Juan C. García-Gil, Marco Panettieri, and Claudio Zaccone
Abstract: The sustainability of Mediterranean croplands is threatened by climate warming and rainfall reduction. The use of biochar as an amendment represents a tool to store organic carbon (C) in soil. The vulnerability of soil organic C (SOC) to the joint effects of climate change and biochar application needs to be better understood by investigating its main pools. Here, we evaluated the effects of partial rain exclusion (∼30%) and temperature increase (∼2 °C), combined with biochar amendment, on the distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) into particulate organic matter (POM) and the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). A set of indices suggested an increase in thermal stability in response to biochar addition in both POM and MAOM fractions. The MAOM fraction, compared to the POM, was particularly enriched in labile substances. Data from micro-Raman spectroscopy suggested that the POM fraction contained biochar particles with a more ordered structure, whereas the structural order decreased in the MAOM fraction, especially after climate manipulation. Crystalline Fe oxides (hematite) and a mix of ferrihydrite and hematite were detected in the POM and in the MAOM fraction, respectively, of the unamended plots under climate manipulation, but not under ambient conditions. Conversely, in the amended soil, climate manipulation did not induce changes in Fe speciation. Our work underlines the importance of discretely taking into account responses of both MAOM and POM to better understand the mechanistic drivers of SOC storage and dynamics.
Published: 2023

36. Co-compostaje de cascarilla de café con biochar y residuos de poda

Author: Picca, Giuseppe, Plaza de Carlos, César, López Núñez, Rafael, Madejón, Engracia, and Panettieri, Marco
Subjects: Reactores de compostaje, Nitrógeno, Enmienda orgánica, Potasio, Residuo del café
Abstract: 4 páginas.- 1 figura.- 3 tablas.- 8 referencias.- Capítulo de de libro de la comunicación oral presentada en las VII Jornadas de la Red Española de Compostaje. "Compostaje: objetivo de desarrollo sostenible" 5-7 de octubre de 2022, Salamanca., La cascarilla de café (CS), el tegumento que cubre el grano de café crudo, representa el principal subproducto de esta industria. A pesar de la atención creciente en la búsqueda de reutilización de este material, la mayoría de es es utilizado como combustible o depositado en vertederos. El estudio tuvo como objetivo probar el co-compostaje como una solución de bajo costo que cumple con los paradigmas de la economía circular propuestos por la UE. Se prepararon cuatro mezclas de compostaje de es con residuos de poda y biochar en diferentes proporciones, con el objetivo de maximizar la cantidad de es compostable por mezcla. El proceso se llevó a cabo en reactores y se monitorizó durante 60 días. Los contenidos de macro, micro elementos de los compost finales cumplieron con los requisitos más estrictos de la normativa nacional española sobre compost calidad (enmiendas de clase A), y pueden ser considerados como enmiendas de alto valor fertilizante en N y K. A pesar del efecto altamente fitotóxico de es, las pruebas de germinación mostraron que los compost maduros exhibieron propiedades fitoestimulantes. Los compost presentaron alta capacidad de retención de agua (237 - 351 %). El presente estudio mostró que el compostaje de todo el es producido en Europa conducirla a una recuperación de 2.420 a 3.481 t de N y 1.800 de K, reduciendo la dependencia de los fertilizantes minerales, satisfaciendo asi la creciente demanda de enmiendas orgánicas sostenibles.
Published: 2022

37. Soil element coupling is driven by ecological context and atomic mass

Author: European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Plaza de Carlos, César, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl [0000-0002-1839-6926], Plaza de Carlos, César [0000-0001-8616-7001], Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo [0000-0002-2125-1197], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Plaza de Carlos, César, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: The biogeochemical cycling of multiple soil elements is fundamental for life on Earth. Here, we conducted a global field survey across 16 chronosequences from contrasting biomes with soil ages ranging from centuries to millions of years. For this, we collected and analysed 435 topsoil samples (0–10 cm) from 87 locations. We showed that high levels of topsoil element coupling, defined as the average correlation among nineteen soil elements, are maintained over geological timescales globally. Cross-biome changes in plant biodiversity, soil microbial structure, weathering, soil pH and texture, and mineral-free unprotected organic matter content largely controlled multi-element coupling. Moreover, elements with heavier atomic mass were naturally more decoupled and unpredictable in space than those with lighter mass. Only the coupling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential to life on Earth, deviated from this predictable pattern, suggesting that this anomaly may be an undeniable fingerprint of life in terrestrial soils.
Published: 2021

38. Aridity and geochemical drivers of soil micronutrient and contaminant availability in European drylands

Author: Fundación BBVA, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Jones, Arwyn, Sáiz, Hugo, Aceña-Heras, Sara, Plaza de Carlos, César, Fundación BBVA, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Orgiazzi, Alberto, Jones, Arwyn, Sáiz, Hugo, Aceña-Heras, Sara, and Plaza de Carlos, César
Abstract: Dryland soils provide different societal and environmental services, such as food supply and biodiversity support. In Europe, most of the dryland areas are devoted to agriculture. In the next decades, both European and worldwide drylands are expected to suffer with increased intensity due to the expected climate change-derived rise in aridity. Many studies have focussed on aridity-induced changes in major nutrients in drylands, but little is known of the impact of environmental and biogeochemical factors on micronutrients with critical roles in life, and as inorganic contaminants with ecotoxicological implications. We analysed and explored drivers of total and available concentrations of micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni and Zn) and contaminants (As, Cd and Pb) in 148 soil samples collected from European drylands covering a wide range of aridity and of other geochemical parameters. The availability of micronutrients increased with their total content, decreased with pH and was enhanced by organic C content. Aridity decreased the availability of Fe, a key element in human diet. Our findings also highlight the scarcity of this micronutrient in European drylands, as well as of some other important micronutrients like Zn and Mo in agricultural soils. Total content was the main driver of the availability of Cd and Pb, and organic matter exerted synergistic effects on contaminant release. Our data show the need for precise management practices to be incentivised by agricultural and environmental policies in order to ensure micronutrient supply and avoid contamination, thus maintaining adequate levels of agricultural productivity and simultaneously preserving dryland ecosystems. Highlights: Drylands are important for food production in Europe and sensitive to climate change. The occurrence of metals in European Union dry soils and the drivers influencing them were studied. Some micronutrients (Fe, Mo and Zn) were scarce while contaminants were abundant. SOC, pH and cl
Published: 2022

39. Hydrothermal treatment as a complementary tool to control the invasive Pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana)

Author: Principado de Asturias, Álvarez Centeno, Teresa [0000-0001-8405-7298], Suárez Fernández, Loreto, Emilio Díaz, Tomás, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Plaza de Carlos, César, Almeida, Mónica, Álvarez Centeno, Teresa, Principado de Asturias, Álvarez Centeno, Teresa [0000-0001-8405-7298], Suárez Fernández, Loreto, Emilio Díaz, Tomás, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Plaza de Carlos, César, Almeida, Mónica, and Álvarez Centeno, Teresa
Abstract: The rapid spread of invasive Pampas grass (PG) is having not only ecosystems impact, but also significant economic and social effects. The tonnes of bulky waste from the plant disposal require proper treatment to avoid seed dispersal, greenhouse gas emissions and landscape damage. In the pursuit of zero-waste management, hydrothermal treatment (HT) appears as a challenging alternative. The possibility of mobile HT systems offers an alternative to accomplish on-site both the PG waste management and the application of the resulting by-products within a circular framework. As a first step, this research shows that, without a prior drying step, the hydrothermal treatment at 100-230 °C under autogenous water vapor pressure for only 30 min allows safe seeds inertization, while a stable carbon-enriched solid and an aqueous stream are generated. Prolonging the process for 2 h has no profitable effects. As the reaction temperature increases, the PG residue is converted into a material with 49–58 wt% of carbon, 41–32 wt% of oxygen and 3–4 wt% of ash. The pH (~6.3), low electrical conductivity (1.21–0.86 dS/m), high carbon content, open porosity (5–8 m2/g) and improved performance in seed germination and in the early growth test suggest the potential of HT-solids derived at 100–120 °C as amendment to sequester carbon in the soil and improve its physico-biological properties. The phytotoxicity detected in the peat/lignite-like solids obtained at 200–230 °C limits its application in soil, but calorific values of 22–24 MJ/kg indicate their suitability as CO2-neutral fuel. The agrochemical analysis of the liquid by-products indicates poor value on their own, but their use supplemented with compost may be an option.
Published: 2021

40. Global homogenization of the structure and function in the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces

Author: Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Australian Research Council, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Fundación Séneca, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Liu, Yu-Rong, Sokoya, Blessing, Wang, Jun-Tao, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Bastida, F., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Siebe, Christina, Trivedi, Pankaj, Zaady, Eli, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Grebenc, Tine, Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Nahberger, Tina U., Teixido, Alberto L., Zhou, Xin-Quan, Berdugo, Miguel, Durán, Jorge, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Zhou, Xiaobing, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Singh, Brajesh K., Tedersoo, Leho, Fierer, Noah, Fundación BBVA, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Estonian Science Foundation, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Australian Research Council, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), European Commission, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Fundación Séneca, National Research Foundation (South Africa), Slovenian Research Agency, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (Portugal), Science and Engineering Research Board (India), Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Liu, Yu-Rong, Sokoya, Blessing, Wang, Jun-Tao, Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Bastida, F., Moreno-Ortego, Jose Luis, Bamigboye, Adebola R., Blanco-Pastor, José Luis, Cano-Díaz, Concha, Illán, Javier, G., Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Siebe, Christina, Trivedi, Pankaj, Zaady, Eli, Verma, Jay Prakash, Wang, Ling, Wang, Jianyong, Grebenc, Tine, Peñaloza-Bojacá, Gabriel F., Nahberger, Tina U., Teixido, Alberto L., Zhou, Xin-Quan, Berdugo, Miguel, Durán, Jorge, Rodríguez-Pereiras, Alexandra, Zhou, Xiaobing, Alfaro, Fernando D., Abades, Sebastián, Plaza de Carlos, César, Rey, Ana, Singh, Brajesh K., Tedersoo, Leho, and Fierer, Noah
Abstract: The structure and function of the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces remain largely undetermined. We conducted a global field survey in urban greenspaces and neighboring natural ecosystems across 56 cities from six continents, and found that urban soils are important hotspots for soil bacterial, protist and functional gene diversity, but support highly homogenized microbial communities worldwide. Urban greenspaces had a greater proportion of fast-growing bacteria, algae, amoebae, and fungal pathogens, but a lower proportion of ectomycorrhizal fungi than natural ecosystems. These urban ecosystems also showed higher proportions of genes associated with human pathogens, greenhouse gas emissions, faster nutrient cycling, and more intense abiotic stress than natural environments. City affluence, management practices, and climate were fundamental drivers of urban soil communities. Our work paves the way toward a more comprehensive global-scale perspective on urban greenspaces, which is integral to managing the health of these ecosystems and the well-being of human populations.
Published: 2021

41. Origin of dissolved organic matter in the Harz Mountains (Germany): A thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC–MS) study

Author: Kaal, Joeri, Plaza de Carlos, César, Nierop, Klaas G.J., Pérez-Rodríguez, Marta, Biester, Harald, Kaal, Joeri, Plaza de Carlos, César, Nierop, Klaas G.J., Pérez-Rodríguez, Marta, and Biester, Harald
Abstract: Environmental change is increasing the concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in catchments of the Northern Hemisphere. This study aims to assess the causes of high DOM concentrations in streams and reservoirs of the Harz National Park (Germany), by means of molecular characterization using thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM-GC–MS). In order to formulate proxies of the prevailing origin of the numerous THM products of polyphenols, carbohydrates, proteins, aliphatic macromolecules, resins and other DOM precursors, we created a reference sample set of potential sources (spruce, birch, blueberry, heather, peat moss, soils) from the area. Besides solid-state reference samples (bulk organic matter; BOM) we obtained and analyzed their leachates (water-extractable OM; WEOM). Finally, an existing THM-GC–MS dataset of the DOM from the Oder river, which crosses the boundary between peat and forest biomes in the Harz, was extended and explored chemometrically using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to test the proxies for stream DOM assessment. The results show large differences between BOM and WEOM, which suggests that the solid-to-leachate transition is highly selective or significantly alters the major biomolecular constituents. THM compounds that tend to be more abundant in WEOM than in BOM are G-type phenolic compounds (1,2-dimethoxybenzenes, from lignin and tannin), nitrogen-containing moieties and benzene carboxylic acids, whereas WEOM is depleted in products of polysaccharides, syringyl lignin and aliphatic macromolecules (cutin and suberin). The lignin fingerprint of the WEOM also differs significantly from that of BOM, being depleted in the vast majority of the typical products of macromolecular lignin (G7, G8, G14, G15) and enriched in the acid moiety (G6, predominantly from vanillic acid), especially for spruce wood. THM chromatograms of DOM from the forest section of the Oder show an extraordinary abundance of G6, most probably from spruc
Published: 2020

42. The influence of soil age on ecosystem structure and function across biomes

Author: European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Fundación Séneca, U.S. Geological Survey, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Environmental Protection Agency (US), Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Reich, Peter B., Bardgett, Richard D., Eldridge, David J., Lambers, Hans, Wardle, David A., Reed, Sasha C., Plaza de Carlos, César, Png, G. Kenny, Neuhauser, Sigrid, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, Hart, Stephen C., Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Bastida, F., Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Cutler, Nick A., Gallardo, Antonio, García-Velázquez, Laura, Hayes, Patrick E., Hseu, Zeng-Yei, Pérez, Cecilia A., Santos, Fernanda, Siebe, Christina, Trivedi, Pankaj, Sullivan, Benjamin W., Weber-Grullon, Luis, Williams, Mark A., Fierer, Noah, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Fundación Séneca, U.S. Geological Survey, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Chile), Environmental Protection Agency (US), Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Reich, Peter B., Bardgett, Richard D., Eldridge, David J., Lambers, Hans, Wardle, David A., Reed, Sasha C., Plaza de Carlos, César, Png, G. Kenny, Neuhauser, Sigrid, Berhe, Asmeret Asefaw, Hart, Stephen C., Hu, Hang-Wei, He, Ji-Zheng, Bastida, F., Abades, Sebastián, Alfaro, Fernando D., Cutler, Nick A., Gallardo, Antonio, García-Velázquez, Laura, Hayes, Patrick E., Hseu, Zeng-Yei, Pérez, Cecilia A., Santos, Fernanda, Siebe, Christina, Trivedi, Pankaj, Sullivan, Benjamin W., Weber-Grullon, Luis, Williams, Mark A., and Fierer, Noah
Abstract: The importance of soil age as an ecosystem driver across biomes remains largely unresolved. By combining a cross-biome global field survey, including data for 32 soil, plant, and microbial properties in 16 soil chronosequences, with a global meta-analysis, we show that soil age is a significant ecosystem driver, but only accounts for a relatively small proportion of the cross-biome variation in multiple ecosystem properties. Parent material, climate, vegetation and topography predict, collectively, 24 times more variation in ecosystem properties than soil age alone. Soil age is an important local-scale ecosystem driver; however, environmental context, rather than soil age, determines the rates and trajectories of ecosystem development in structure and function across biomes. Our work provides insights into the natural history of terrestrial ecosystems. We propose that, regardless of soil age, changes in the environmental context, such as those associated with global climatic and land-use changes, will have important long-term impacts on the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems across biomes.
Published: 2020

43. Hydrothermal carbonization as a sustainable strategy for integral valorisation of apple waste

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Álvarez Centeno, Teresa [0000-0001-8405-7298], Suárez Ruiz, Isabel [0000-0003-4941-2797], Suárez Fernández, Loreto, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Plaza de Carlos, César, Pascual-Teresa, Sonia de, Suárez Ruiz, Isabel, Álvarez Centeno, Teresa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Principado de Asturias, Álvarez Centeno, Teresa [0000-0001-8405-7298], Suárez Ruiz, Isabel [0000-0003-4941-2797], Suárez Fernández, Loreto, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Plaza de Carlos, César, Pascual-Teresa, Sonia de, Suárez Ruiz, Isabel, and Álvarez Centeno, Teresa
Abstract: Hydrothermal carbonization makes feasible the integral and profitable recovery of industrial apple waste within a zero-residue bio-economy. 82–96% of the energy and 80–93% of the C in the apple bagasse are retained in the solids generated by hydrothermal treatment at 180 and 230 °C for 2 and 4 h. Such processes stabilize the apple waste and lead to CO2 neutral solid fuels with calorific value close to 30 MJ/kg. The agrochemical properties of the solid by-products suggest their potential to improve soil quality. Aqueous streams containing valuable phenolic compounds and saturated fatty acids are generated simultaneously, which provide additional cost-effectiveness. The by-products characteristics can be suited to the final application by selecting the reaction temperature, whereas the process duration has less impact. Optical microscopy and reflectance measurements are presented, for the first time, as powerful tools for assessing the biomass transformation when subjected to hydrothermal treatment under different conditions.
Published: 2020

44. Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing

Author: Plaza de Carlos, César, Giannetta, Beatrice, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Vischetti, Costantino, Zaccone, Claudio, Plaza de Carlos, César, Giannetta, Beatrice, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Vischetti, Costantino, and Zaccone, Claudio
Published: 2019

45. Soil microbial respiration adapts to ambient temperature in global drylands

Author: Dacal, Marina, Bradford, Mark A., Plaza de Carlos, César, Maestre, Fernando T., García-Palacios, Pablo, Dacal, Marina, Bradford, Mark A., Plaza de Carlos, César, Maestre, Fernando T., and García-Palacios, Pablo
Published: 2019

46. Aridity and reduced soil micronutrient availability in global drylands

Author: Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, Sáiz, Hugo, Manzano, Rebeca, Flagmeier, Maren, Maestre, Fernando T., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Plaza de Carlos, César, Sáiz, Hugo, Manzano, Rebeca, Flagmeier, Maren, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Published: 2019

47. The role of Fe(III) in soil organic matter stabilization in two size fractions having opposite features

Author: Giannetta, Beatrice, Zaccone, Claudio, Plaza de Carlos, César, Siebecker, Matthew G., Rovira, Pere, Vischetti, Costantino, Sparks, Donald L., Giannetta, Beatrice, Zaccone, Claudio, Plaza de Carlos, César, Siebecker, Matthew G., Rovira, Pere, Vischetti, Costantino, and Sparks, Donald L.
Published: 2019

48. Direct observation of permafrost degradation and rapid soil carbon loss in tundra

Author: Plaza de Carlos, César, Pegoraro, Elaine, Bracho, Rosvel, Celis, Gerardo, Crummer, Kathryn G., Hutchings, Jack A., Hicks Pries, Caitlin E., Mauritz, Marguerite, Natali, Susan M., Salmon, Verity G., Schädel, Christina, Webb, Elizabeth E., Schuur, Edward A. G., Plaza de Carlos, César, Pegoraro, Elaine, Bracho, Rosvel, Celis, Gerardo, Crummer, Kathryn G., Hutchings, Jack A., Hicks Pries, Caitlin E., Mauritz, Marguerite, Natali, Susan M., Salmon, Verity G., Schädel, Christina, Webb, Elizabeth E., and Schuur, Edward A. G.
Published: 2019

49. Ecosystem type effects on the stabilization of organic matter in soils: combining size fractionation with sequential chemical extractions

Author: Giannetta, Beatrice, Plaza de Carlos, César, Zaccone, Claudio, Vischetti, Costantino, Rovira, Pere, Giannetta, Beatrice, Plaza de Carlos, César, Zaccone, Claudio, Vischetti, Costantino, and Rovira, Pere
Published: 2019

50. Soil organic matter in dryland ecosystems

Author: Plaza de Carlos, César, Gascó, Gabriel, Méndez, Ana M., Zaccone, Claudio, Maestre, Fernando T., Plaza de Carlos, César, Gascó, Gabriel, Méndez, Ana M., Zaccone, Claudio, and Maestre, Fernando T.
Published: 2018

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