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A paired-comparisons task was used to determine which note of a pure-tone triad sounded most similar to the triad. Musically inexperienced Ss showed no systematic preference, experienced Ss consistently preferred the highest note in the triad, and professional musicians split equally between preferring the highest note and the root note. Preference for the root note shifted to preference for the highest note as the triad type became increasingly inharmonic, suggesting that the former depended on inference of a missing fundamental. When Ss were asked to vocally reproduce the pitch they heard when listening to a triad, similar results were obtained, except that a root-note preference was now detectable in Ss with less musical experience. Preference for the root note was also facilitated by use of octave-replicated tones, and this increase was shown to be due to obscuring of pitch-height cues, rather than harmonic complexity.

The article focuses on the development of methods for keeping peace in a disarmed environment. Due to technological advancements, the issue of disarmament worries most nations due to the fact that war can not suffice in dispute settlement between authoritative forces. Disarmament discussions are conducted to explore on new ways and problems in the aim to provide peace and security in the society. One of the concerns of member states is the development of a system that adjusts to different peacemaking mechanisms, economic approaches and cultural backgrounds.

The article focuses on the kind of amplification of intelligence in the U.S. Business and military organizations have been using methods such as operations analysis and game theory to multiply the effectiveness of intelligence in organizational situations and in conflict situations. If social chains and social causation were analyzed that would lead to discovery or invention which were more powerful methods that will help the people deal with some of the larger and hitherto more intractable problems of the society. Many of the processes in society can be thought of as multiple interconnected chain reactions. The chain-reaction point of view gives the clear understanding of the relation between the role of the individual and the role of determinism in history.