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1. White matter tracts characteristics in habitual decision-making circuit underlie ritual behaviors in anorexia nervosa

Author

Tadayonnejad, Reza, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Murray, Stuart B, Pauli, Wolfgang M, Conde, Geena, Bari, Ausaf A, Strober, Michael, O’Doherty, John P, and Feusner, Jamie D

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Eating Disorders, Anorexia, Brain Disorders, Serious Mental Illness, Mental Health, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Adolescent, Adult, Anorexia Nervosa, Brain, Compulsive Behavior, Decision Making, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Female, Habits, Humans, Male, White Matter, Young Adult
Abstract

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a difficult to treat, pernicious psychiatric disorder that has been linked to decision-making abnormalities. We examined the structural characteristics of habitual and goal-directed decision-making circuits and their connecting white matter tracts in 32 AN and 43 healthy controls across two independent data sets of adults and adolescents as an explanatory sub-study. Total bilateral premotor/supplementary motor area-putamen tracts in the habit circuit had a significantly higher volume in adults with AN, relative to controls. Positive correlations were found between both the number of tracts and white matter volume (WMV) in the habit circuit, and the severity of ritualistic/compulsive behaviors in adults and adolescents with AN. Moreover, we found a significant influence of the habit circuit WMV on AN ritualistic/compulsive symptom severity, depending on the preoccupations symptom severity levels. These findings suggest that AN is associated with white matter plasticity alterations in the habit circuit. The association between characteristics of habit circuit white matter tracts and AN behavioral symptoms provides support for a circuit based neurobiological model of AN, and identifies the habit circuit as a focus for further investigation to aid in development of novel and more effective treatments based on brain-behavior relationships.

Published
2021

2. Genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of cortical structure in general population samples of 22,824 adults.

Author

Hofer, Edith, Roshchupkin, Gennady V, Adams, Hieab HH, Knol, Maria J, Lin, Honghuang, Li, Shuo, Zare, Habil, Ahmad, Shahzad, Armstrong, Nicola J, Satizabal, Claudia L, Bernard, Manon, Bis, Joshua C, Gillespie, Nathan A, Luciano, Michelle, Mishra, Aniket, Scholz, Markus, Teumer, Alexander, Xia, Rui, Jian, Xueqiu, Mosley, Thomas H, Saba, Yasaman, Pirpamer, Lukas, Seiler, Stephan, Becker, James T, Carmichael, Owen, Rotter, Jerome I, Psaty, Bruce M, Lopez, Oscar L, Amin, Najaf, van der Lee, Sven J, Yang, Qiong, Himali, Jayandra J, Maillard, Pauline, Beiser, Alexa S, DeCarli, Charles, Karama, Sherif, Lewis, Lindsay, Harris, Mat, Bastin, Mark E, Deary, Ian J, Veronica Witte, A, Beyer, Frauke, Loeffler, Markus, Mather, Karen A, Schofield, Peter R, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Kwok, John B, Wright, Margaret J, Ames, David, Trollor, Julian, Jiang, Jiyang, Brodaty, Henry, Wen, Wei, Vernooij, Meike W, Hofman, Albert, Uitterlinden, André G, Niessen, Wiro J, Wittfeld, Katharina, Bülow, Robin, Völker, Uwe, Pausova, Zdenka, Bruce Pike, G, Maingault, Sophie, Crivello, Fabrice, Tzourio, Christophe, Amouyel, Philippe, Mazoyer, Bernard, Neale, Michael C, Franz, Carol E, Lyons, Michael J, Panizzon, Matthew S, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, Logue, Mark, Grasby, Katrina L, Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N, Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P, Lind, Penelope A, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Stein, Jason L, Thompson, Paul M, Medland, Sarah E, ENIGMA consortium, Sachdev, Perminder S, Kremen, William S, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Villringer, Arno, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Grabe, Hans J, Longstreth, William T, Fornage, Myriam, Paus, Tomas, Debette, Stephanie, Ikram, M Arfan, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, and Seshadri, Sudha

Subjects
ENIGMA consortium, Brain, Chromosome Structures, Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cognition, Mental Disorders, Genomics, Aging, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetics, Neurosciences, Human Genome, Brain Disorders, Biotechnology, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological
Abstract

Cortical thickness, surface area and volumes vary with age and cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here we report heritability, genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of these cortical measures across the whole cortex, and in 34 anatomically predefined regions. Our discovery sample comprises 22,824 individuals from 20 cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the UK Biobank. We identify genetic heterogeneity between cortical measures and brain regions, and 160 genome-wide significant associations pointing to wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and sonic hedgehog pathways. There is enrichment for genes involved in anthropometric traits, hindbrain development, vascular and neurodegenerative disease and psychiatric conditions. These data are a rich resource for studies of the biological mechanisms behind cortical development and aging.

Published
2020

3. The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

Author

Grasby, Katrina L, Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N, Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P, Lind, Penelope A, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher RK, McMahon, Mary Agnes B, Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo CP, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, Zhu, Alyssa H, Strike, Lachlan T, Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio AA, Alnæs, Dag, Amlien, Inge K, Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Atkins, Joshua R, Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M, Buimer, Elizabeth EL, Bülow, Robin, Bürger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M, Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W, Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M, Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tânia K, de Zubicaray, Greig I, de Zwarte, Sonja MC, Braber, Anouk den, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O, Foley, Sonya F, Ford, Judith M, Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E, Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L, Green, Melissa J, Groenewold, Nynke A, Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P, Gutman, Boris A, Hansell, Narelle K, Harris, Mathew A, Harrison, Marc B, Haswell, Courtney C, Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J, Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E, Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Karama, Sherif, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R, Krämer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M, Lee, Phil H, Lett, Tristram A, Lewis, Lindsay B, Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F, Mathias, Samuel R, Melzer, Tracy R, and Milaneschi, Yuri

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Neurosciences, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Stem Cell Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Genetic Loci, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Organ Size, Parkinson Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, CHARGE Consortium, EPIGEN Consortium, IMAGEN Consortium, SYS Consortium, Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative, Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis Consortium (ENIGMA)—Genetics working group, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Published
2020

7. Sulcal Morphometry Predicts Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion to Alzheimer's Disease.

Author

Sighinolfi, Giovanni, Mitolo, Micaela, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Stanzani-Maserati, Michelangelo, Remondini, Daniel, Rochat, Magali Jane, Cantoni, Elena, Venturi, Greta, Vornetti, Gianfranco, Bartiromo, Fiorina, Capellari, Sabina, Liguori, Rocco, Tonon, Caterina, Testa, Claudia, and Lodi, Raffaele

Subjects
MILD cognitive impairment, ALZHEIMER'S disease, MORPHOMETRICS, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, SHORT-term memory, INSPECTION & review
Abstract

Background: Being able to differentiate mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients who would eventually convert (MCIc) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) from those who would not (MCInc) is a key challenge for prognosis. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the ability of sulcal morphometry to predict MCI progression to AD, dedicating special attention to an accurate identification of sulci. Methods: Twenty-five AD patients, thirty-seven MCI and twenty-five healthy controls (HC) underwent a brain-MR protocol (1.5T scanner) including a high-resolution T1-weighted sequence. MCI patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment at baseline and were clinically re-evaluated after a mean of 2.3 years. At follow-up, 12 MCI were classified as MCInc and 25 as MCIc. Sulcal morphometry was investigated using the BrainVISA framework. Consistency of sulci across subjects was ensured by visual inspection and manual correction of the automatic labelling in each subject. Sulcal surface, depth, length, and width were retrieved from 106 sulci. Features were compared across groups and their classification accuracy in predicting MCI conversion was tested. Potential relationships between sulcal features and cognitive scores were explored using Spearman's correlation. Results: The width of sulci in the temporo-occipital region strongly differentiated between each pair of groups. Comparing MCIc and MCInc, the width of several sulci in the bilateral temporo-occipital and left frontal areas was significantly altered. Higher width of frontal sulci was associated with worse performances in short-term verbal memory and phonemic fluency. Conclusions: Sulcal morphometry emerged as a strong tool for differentiating HC, MCI, and AD, demonstrating its potential prognostic value for the MCI population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. A resting state fMRI analysis pipeline for pooling inference across diverse cohorts: an ENIGMA rs-fMRI protocol

Author

Adhikari, Bhim M., Jahanshad, Neda, Shukla, Dinesh, Turner, Jessica, Grotegerd, Dominik, Dannlowski, Udo, Kugel, Harald, Engelen, Jennifer, Dietsche, Bruno, Krug, Axel, Kircher, Tilo, Fieremans, Els, Veraart, Jelle, Novikov, Dmitry S., Boedhoe, Premika S. W., van der Werf, Ysbrand D., van den Heuvel, Odile A., Ipser, Jonathan, Uhlmann, Anne, Stein, Dan J., Dickie, Erin, Voineskos, Aristotle N., Malhotra, Anil K., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Calhoun, Vince D., Waller, Lea, Veer, Ilja M., Walter, Hernik, Buchanan, Robert W., Glahn, David C., Hong, L. Elliot, Thompson, Paul M., and Kochunov, Peter

Published
2019
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10. Author Correction: The challenge of mapping the human connectome based on diffusion tractography

Author

Maier-Hein, Klaus H., Neher, Peter F., Houde, Jean-Christophe, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, Zhong, Jidan, Chamberland, Maxime, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, Lin, Ying-Chia, Ji, Qing, Reddick, Wilburn E., Glass, John O., Chen, David Qixiang, Feng, Yuanjing, Gao, Chengfeng, Wu, Ye, Ma, Jieyan, He, Renjie, Li, Qiang, Westin, Carl-Fredrik, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, González, J. Omar Ocegueda, Paquette, Michael, St-Jean, Samuel, Girard, Gabriel, Rheault, François, Sidhu, Jasmeen, Tax, Chantal M. W., Guo, Fenghua, Mesri, Hamed Y., Dávid, Szabolcs, Froeling, Martijn, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., Leemans, Alexander, Boré, Arnaud, Pinsard, Basile, Bedetti, Christophe, Desrosiers, Matthieu, Brambati, Simona, Doyon, Julien, Sarica, Alessia, Vasta, Roberta, Cerasa, Antonio, Quattrone, Aldo, Yeatman, Jason, Khan, Ali R., Hodges, Wes, Alexander, Simon, Romascano, David, Barakovic, Muhamed, Auría, Anna, Esteban, Oscar, Lemkaddem, Alia, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, Cetingul, H. Ertan, Odry, Benjamin L., Mailhe, Boris, Nadar, Mariappan S., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Prasad, Gautam, Villalon-Reina, Julio E., Galvis, Justin, Thompson, Paul M., De Santiago Requejo, Francisco, Laguna, Pedro Luque, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, Barrett, Rachel, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Catani, Marco, Petit, Laurent, Caruyer, Emmanuel, Daducci, Alessandro, Dyrby, Tim B., Holland-Letz, Tim, Hilgetag, Claus C., Stieltjes, Bram, and Descoteaux, Maxime

Published
2019
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12. Genetic map of regional sulcal morphology in the human brain from UK biobank data

Author

Sun, Benjamin B, Loomis, Stephanie J, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Shatokhina, Natalia, Painter, Jodie N, Foley, Christopher N, Biogen Biobank Team, Jensen, Megan E, McLaren, Donald G, Chintapalli, Sai Spandana, Zhu, Alyssa H, Dixon, Daniel, Islam, Tasfiya, Ba Gari, Iyad, Runz, Heiko, Medland, Sarah E, Thompson, Paul M, Jahanshad, Neda, Whelan, Christopher D, Sun, Benjamin B [0000-0001-6347-2281], Painter, Jodie N [0000-0002-4992-2458], Foley, Christopher N [0000-0002-0970-2610], Ba Gari, Iyad [0000-0003-1443-8786], Runz, Heiko [0000-0002-2133-7345], Medland, Sarah E [0000-0003-1382-380X], Whelan, Christopher D [0000-0003-0308-5583], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Cerebral Cortex, 45, 631/208/212, 45/43, 59/57, article, Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 631/378/2583, United Kingdom, Biological Specimen Banks, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Genetic associations with macroscopic brain structure can provide insights into brain function and disease. However, specific associations with measures of local brain folding are largely under-explored. Here, we conducted large-scale genome- and exome-wide associations of regional cortical sulcal measures derived from magnetic resonance imaging scans of 40,169 individuals in UK Biobank. We discovered 388 regional brain folding associations across 77 genetic loci, with genes in associated loci enriched for expression in the cerebral cortex, neuronal development processes, and differential regulation during early brain development. We integrated brain eQTLs to refine genes for various loci, implicated several genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders, and highlighted global genetic correlations with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. We provide an interactive 3D visualisation of our summary associations, emphasising added resolution of regional analyses. Our results offer new insights into the genetic architecture of brain folding and provide a resource for future studies of sulcal morphology in health and disease.

Published
2022
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13. The challenge of mapping the human connectome based on diffusion tractography

Author

Maier-Hein, Klaus H., Neher, Peter F., Houde, Jean-Christophe, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, Zhong, Jidan, Chamberland, Maxime, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, Lin, Ying-Chia, Ji, Qing, Reddick, Wilburn E., Glass, John O., Chen, David Qixiang, Feng, Yuanjing, Gao, Chengfeng, Wu, Ye, Ma, Jieyan, He, Renjie, Li, Qiang, Westin, Carl-Fredrik, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, González, J. Omar Ocegueda, Paquette, Michael, St-Jean, Samuel, Girard, Gabriel, Rheault, François, Sidhu, Jasmeen, Tax, Chantal M. W., Guo, Fenghua, Mesri, Hamed Y., Dávid, Szabolcs, Froeling, Martijn, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., Leemans, Alexander, Boré, Arnaud, Pinsard, Basile, Bedetti, Christophe, Desrosiers, Matthieu, Brambati, Simona, Doyon, Julien, Sarica, Alessia, Vasta, Roberta, Cerasa, Antonio, Quattrone, Aldo, Yeatman, Jason, Khan, Ali R., Hodges, Wes, Alexander, Simon, Romascano, David, Barakovic, Muhamed, Auría, Anna, Esteban, Oscar, Lemkaddem, Alia, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, Cetingul, H. Ertan, Odry, Benjamin L., Mailhe, Boris, Nadar, Mariappan S., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Prasad, Gautam, Villalon-Reina, Julio E., Galvis, Justin, Thompson, Paul M., Requejo, Francisco De Santiago, Laguna, Pedro Luque, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, Barrett, Rachel, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, Catani, Marco, Petit, Laurent, Caruyer, Emmanuel, Daducci, Alessandro, Dyrby, Tim B., Holland-Letz, Tim, Hilgetag, Claus C., Stieltjes, Bram, and Descoteaux, Maxime

Published
2017
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14. Ten years of enhancing neuro-imaging genetics through meta-analysis: An overview from the ENIGMA Genetics Working Group

Author

Medland, Sarah E., Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Stein, Jason L., Franke, Barbara, Martin, Nicholas G., Thompson, Paul M., other, and, Medland, Sarah E., Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Stein, Jason L., Franke, Barbara, Martin, Nicholas G., Thompson, Paul M., and other, and

Abstract

Here we review the motivation for creating the enhancing neuroimaging genetics through meta-analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium and the genetic analyses undertaken by the consortium so far. We discuss the methodological challenges, findings, and future directions of the genetics working group. A major goal of the working group is tackling the reproducibility crisis affecting “candidate gene” and genome-wide association analyses in neuroimaging. To address this, we developed harmonized analytic methods, and support their use in coordinated analyses across sites worldwide, which also makes it possible to understand heterogeneity in results across sites. These efforts have resulted in the identification of hundreds of common genomic loci robustly associated with brain structure. We have found both pleiotropic and specific genetic effects associated with brain structures, as well as genetic correlations with psychiatric and neurological diseases.

Published
2022

16. Multisite test–retest reliability and compatibility of brain metrics derived from FreeSurfer versions 7.1, 6.0, and 5.3.

Author

Haddad, Elizabeth, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Zhu, Alyssa H., Bhatt, Ravi R., Islam, Tasfiya, Ba Gari, Iyad, Dixon, Daniel, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Thompson, Paul M., and Jahanshad, Neda

Subjects
*STATISTICAL reliability, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *CINGULATE cortex, *PREFRONTAL cortex, *INTRACLASS correlation
Abstract

Automatic neuroimaging processing tools provide convenient and systematic methods for extracting features from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans. One tool, FreeSurfer, provides an easy‐to‐use pipeline to extract cortical and subcortical morphometric measures. There have been over 25 stable releases of FreeSurfer, with different versions used across published works. The reliability and compatibility of regional morphometric metrics derived from the most recent version releases have yet to be empirically assessed. Here, we used test–retest data from three public data sets to determine within‐version reliability and between‐version compatibility across 42 regional outputs from FreeSurfer versions 7.1, 6.0, and 5.3. Cortical thickness from v7.1 was less compatible with that of older versions, particularly along the cingulate gyrus, where the lowest version compatibility was observed (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.37–0.61). Surface area of the temporal pole, frontal pole, and medial orbitofrontal cortex, also showed low to moderate version compatibility. We confirm low compatibility between v6.0 and v5.3 of pallidum and putamen volumes, while those from v7.1 were compatible with v6.0. Replication in an independent sample showed largely similar results for measures of surface area and subcortical volumes, but had lower overall regional thickness reliability and compatibility. Batch effect correction may adjust for some inter‐version effects when most sites are run with one version, but results vary when more sites are run with different versions. Age associations in a quality controlled independent sample (N = 106) revealed version differences in results of downstream statistical analysis. We provide a reference to highlight the regional metrics that may yield recent version‐related inconsistencies in published findings. An interactive viewer is provided at http://data.brainescience.org/Freesurfer_Reliability/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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19. The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

Author

Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher R. K., McMahon, Mary Agnes B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo C. P., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Zhu, Alyssa H., Strike, Lachlan T., Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A. A., Alnaes, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J., Ashley-Koch, Allison, Atkins, Joshua R., Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E. L., Bulow, Robin, Burger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tania K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M. C., den Braber, Anouk, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Green, Melissa J., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Karama, Sherif, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Kramer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C. V., Muhleisen, Thomas W., Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Loohuis, Loes M. Olde, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Putz, Benno, Quide, Yann, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Reay, William R., Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Celine S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Genevieve, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina R., Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Schofield, Peter R., Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sonderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Tansey, Katherine E., Teumer, Alexander, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza L., van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J., van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G. M., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van Rooij, Daan, van Tol, Marie-Jose, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Wu, Jing Qin, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dennis, Michelle F., Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Hausler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack, Clifford R., Jr., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kimbrel, Nathan A., Kolskar, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mather, Karen A., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Noethen, Markus M., O'Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere, Pike, G. Bruce, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Rasser, Paul E., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Tooney, Paul A., Torres, Fabio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Adams, Hieab H. H., Bis, Joshua C., Debette, Stephanie, Decarli, Charles, Fornage, Myriam, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hofer, Edith, Ikram, M. Arfan, Launer, Lenore, Longstreth, W. T., Lopez, Oscar L., Mazoyer, Bernard, Mosley, Thomas H., Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Satizabal, Claudia L., Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, Yang, Qiong, Alvim, Marina K. M., Ames, David, Anderson, Tim J., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E., Baune, Bernhard T., Beckham, Jean C., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brodaty, Henry, Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray J., Calhoun, Vince, Carr, Vaughan J., Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J. C., Deary, Ian J., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernandez, Guillen, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Haberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Henskens, Frans A., Hillegers, Manon H. J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff, Jernigan, Terry L., Jonsson, Erik G., Kahn, Rene S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T. J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B. J., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Loughland, Carmel M., Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean-Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Michie, Patricia T., Morey, Rajendra A., Mowry, Bryan, Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Pantelis, Christos, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Polderman, Tinca J. C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sachdev, Perminder S., Samann, Philipp G., Schall, Ulrich, Schumann, Gunter, Scott, Rodney J., Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Trollor, Julian N., Van der Wee, Nic J. A., van't Ent, Dennis, Volzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wright, Margaret J., Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., Medland, Sarah E., Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucia, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher R. K., McMahon, Mary Agnes B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo C. P., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Zhu, Alyssa H., Strike, Lachlan T., Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A. A., Alnaes, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J., Ashley-Koch, Allison, Atkins, Joshua R., Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E. L., Bulow, Robin, Burger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tania K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M. C., den Braber, Anouk, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Green, Melissa J., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Karama, Sherif, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Kramer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Luciano, Michelle, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C. V., Muhleisen, Thomas W., Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Loohuis, Loes M. Olde, Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Putz, Benno, Quide, Yann, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Reay, William R., Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Celine S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Genevieve, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina R., Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Schofield, Peter R., Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sonderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Tansey, Katherine E., Teumer, Alexander, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza L., van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M. J., van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G. M., van Haren, Neeltje E. M., van Rooij, Daan, van Tol, Marie-Jose, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wittfeld, Katharina, Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Wu, Jing Qin, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dennis, Michelle F., Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Hausler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack, Clifford R., Jr., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kimbrel, Nathan A., Kolskar, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mather, Karen A., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Noethen, Markus M., O'Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere, Pike, G. Bruce, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Rasser, Paul E., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Tooney, Paul A., Torres, Fabio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Adams, Hieab H. H., Bis, Joshua C., Debette, Stephanie, Decarli, Charles, Fornage, Myriam, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hofer, Edith, Ikram, M. Arfan, Launer, Lenore, Longstreth, W. T., Lopez, Oscar L., Mazoyer, Bernard, Mosley, Thomas H., Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Satizabal, Claudia L., Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, Yang, Qiong, Alvim, Marina K. M., Ames, David, Anderson, Tim J., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E., Baune, Bernhard T., Beckham, Jean C., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brodaty, Henry, Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Cairns, Murray J., Calhoun, Vince, Carr, Vaughan J., Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J. C., Deary, Ian J., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernandez, Guillen, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Haberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Henskens, Frans A., Hillegers, Manon H. J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff, Jernigan, Terry L., Jonsson, Erik G., Kahn, Rene S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T. J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B. J., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Loughland, Carmel M., Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean-Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Michie, Patricia T., Morey, Rajendra A., Mowry, Bryan, Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Pantelis, Christos, Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Penninx, Brenda W. J. H., Polderman, Tinca J. C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sachdev, Perminder S., Samann, Philipp G., Schall, Ulrich, Schumann, Gunter, Scott, Rodney J., Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Trollor, Julian N., Van der Wee, Nic J. A., van't Ent, Dennis, Volzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Wright, Margaret J., Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., and Medland, Sarah E.

Abstract

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Published
2020
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20. Ten years of Enhancing Neuro-Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis: An overview from the ENIGMA Genetics Working Group

Author

Medland, Sarah, primary, Grasby, Katrina L., additional, Jahanshad, Neda, additional, Painter, Jodie N., additional, Colodro-Conde, Lucía, additional, Bralten, Janita, additional, Hibar, Derrek P., additional, Lind, Penelope A., additional, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, additional, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, additional, Stein, Jason L., additional, Franke, Barbara, additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, and Thompson, Paul, additional

Published
2020
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21. The reliability and heritability of cortical folds and their genetic correlations across hemispheres

Author

Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, primary, Auzias, Guillaume, additional, Yang, Qifan, additional, Mathias, Samuel R., additional, Faskowitz, Joshua, additional, Boyd, Joshua, additional, Amini, Armand, additional, Rivière, Denis, additional, McMahon, Katie L., additional, de Zubicaray, Greig I., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Mangin, Jean-François, additional, Glahn, David C., additional, Blangero, John, additional, Wright, Margaret J., additional, Thompson, Paul M., additional, Kochunov, Peter, additional, and Jahanshad, Neda, additional

Published
2019
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22. Genetic Determinants of Cortical Structure (Thickness, Surface Area and Volumes) among Disease Free Adults in the CHARGE Consortium

Author

Hofer, Edith, Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Adams, Hieab H. H., Knol, Maria J., Lin, Honghuang, Li, Shuo, Zare, Habil, Ahmad, Shahzad, Armstrong, Nicola J., Satizabal, Claudia L., Bernard, Manon, Bis, Joshua C., Gillespie, Nathan A., Luciano, Michelle, Mishra, Aniket, Scholz, Markus, Teumer, Alexander, Xia, Rui, Jian, Xueqiu, Mosley, Thomas H., Saba, Yasaman, Pirpamer, Lukas, Seiler, Stephan, Becker, James T., Carmichael, Owen, Rotter, Jerome I., Psaty, Bruce M., Lopez, Oscar L., Amin, Najaf, van der Lee, Sven J., Yang, Qiong, Himali, Jayandra J., Maillard, Pauline, Beiser, Alexa S., DeCarli, Charles, Karama, Sherif, Lewis, Lindsay, Harris, Mat, Bastin, Mark E., Deary, Ian J., Witte, A.Veronica, Beyer, Frauke, Loeffler, Markus, Mather, Karen A., Schofield, Peter R., Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Kwok, John B., Wright, Margaret J., Ames, David, Trollor, Julian, Jiang, Jiyang, Brodaty, Henry, Wen, Wei, Vernooij, Meike W, Hofman, Albert, Uitterlinden, André G., Niessen, Wiro J., Wittfeld, Katharina, Bülow, Robin, Völker, Uwe, Pausova, Zdenka, Pike, G. Bruce, Maingault, Sophie, Crivello, Fabrice, Tzourio, Christophe, Amouye, Philippe, Mazoyer, Bernard, Neale, Michael C., Franz, Carol E., Lyons, Michael J., Panizzon, Matthew S., Andreassen, Ole A., Dale, Anders M., Logue, Mark, Grasby, Katrina L., Jahanshad, Neda, Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., Medland, Sarah E., Ching Christopher, R.K., McMahon Mary Agnes, B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo C.P., Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A.A., Alnæs, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Ashley-Koch, Allison, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E.L., Bürger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallar, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tânia K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M.C., Braber, Anouk den, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Herms, Stefan, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Ho, New Fei, Hoehn, David, Hoffmann, Per, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Krämer, Bernd, Lam, Max, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C.V., Mühleisen, Thomas W., Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Pütz, Benno, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Ronny, Redlich, Reinbold, Céline S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Geneviève, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina Roth, Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shin, Jean, Shumskaya, Elena, Sønderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Strike, Lachlan T., Tansey, Katherine E., Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza Ludovica, der Meer, Dennis van, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M.J., Eijk, Liza van, van Erp, Theo G.M., van Haren, Neeltje E.M., Rooij, Daan van, van Tol, Marie-José, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Mingyuan, Wang, Yunpeng, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zhu, Alyssa H., Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Häusler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack Jr., Clifford R., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kolskår, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Nöthen, Markus M., O’Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Paillère Martinot, Marie-Laure, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Torres, Fábio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Alvim, Marina K.M., Anderson, Tim J., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Baune, Bernhard T., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Calhoun, Vince, Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J.C., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivières, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Håberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Hillegers, Manon H.J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Jernigan, Terry L., Jönsson, Erik G., Kahn, René S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T.J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B.J., Hellard, Stephanie Le, Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean - Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Morey, Rajendra A., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Paus, Tomáš, Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., Polderman, Tinca J.C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sachdev, Perminder S., Sämann, Philipp G., Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., Pourcain, Beate St, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Trollor, Julian N., Van der Wee, Nic J.A., Ent, Dennis van’t, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Zhou, Juan, Kremen, William S., Villringer, Arno, Duijn, Cornelia M. van, Jörgen Grabe, Hans, Longstreth Jr, William T., Fornage, Myriam, Paus, Tomas, Debette, Stephanie, Ikram, M. Arfan, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Seshadri, Sudha, and ENIGMA consortium

Subjects
0303 health sciences, biology, Genetic heterogeneity, Cognition, Hindbrain, Disease, Heritability, Biobank, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Evolutionary biology, Cortex (anatomy), biology.protein, medicine, Sonic hedgehog, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Cortical thickness, surface area and volumes (MRI cortical measures) vary with age and cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. We examined heritability, genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of cortical measures across the whole cortex, and in 34 anatomically predefined regions. Our discovery sample comprised 22,822 individuals from 20 cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the United Kingdom Biobank. Significant associations were replicated in the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-analysis (ENIGMA) consortium, and their biological implications explored using bioinformatic annotation and pathway analyses. We identified genetic heterogeneity between cortical measures and brain regions, and 161 genome-wide significant associations pointing to wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and sonic hedgehog pathways. There was enrichment for genes involved in anthropometric traits, hindbrain development, vascular and neurodegenerative disease and psychiatric conditions. These data are a rich resource for studies of the biological mechanisms behind cortical development and aging.

Published
2018

23. Planar cell polarity pathway and development of the human visual cortex

Author

Shin, Jean, Ma, Shaojie, Hofer, Edith, Patel, Yash, Roshchupkin, Gennady V., Sousa, André M., Jian, Xueqiu, Gottesman, Rebecca, Mosley, Thomas H., Fornage, Myriam, Saba, Yasaman, Pirpamer, Lukas, Schmidt, Reinhold, Schmidt, Helena, Carrion-Castillo, Amaia, Crivello, Fabrice, Mazoyer, Bernard, Bis, Joshua C., Li, Shuo, Yang, Qiong, Luciano, Michelle, Karama, Sherif, Lewis, Lindsay, Bastin, Mark, Harris, Mathew A., Wardlaw, Joanna M., Deary, Ian E., Scholz, Markus, Loeffler, Markus, Witte, Veronica, Beyer, Frauke, Villringer, Arno, Armstrong, Nicola J, Mather, Karen A., Ames, David, Jiang, Jiyang, Kwok, John B, Schofield, Peter R., Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Trollor, Julian N., Wright, Margaret J., Brodaty, Henry, Wen, Wei, Sachdev, Perminder S., Terzikhan, Natalie, Evans, Tavia E., Adams, Hieab H.H.H., Ikram, M. Arfan, Frenzel, Stefan, van der Auwera-Palitschka, Sandra, Wittfeld, Katharina, Bülow, Robin, Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Tzourio, Christophe, Mishra, Aniket, Maingault, Sophie, Debette, Stephanie, Gillespie, Nathan A., Franz, Carol E., Kremen, William S., Ding, Linda, Jahanshad, Neda, Sestan, Nenad, Pausova, Zdenka, Seshadri, Sudha, Paus, Tomas, Grasby, Katrina L., Painter, Jodie N., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Bralten, Janita, Hibar, Derrek P., Lind, Penelope A., Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Ching, Christopher R.K., McMahon, Mary Agnes B., Shatokhina, Natalia, Zsembik, Leo, Agartz, Ingrid, Alhusaini, Saud, Almeida, Marcio A.A., Alnæs, Dag, Amlien, Inge K., Andersson, Micael, Ard, Tyler, Armstrong, Nicola J., Ashley-Koch, Allison, Bernard, Manon, Brouwer, Rachel M., Buimer, Elizabeth E.L., Bürger, Christian, Cannon, Dara M., Chakravarty, Mallasr, Chen, Qiang, Cheung, Joshua W., Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, de Araujo, Tânia K., de Zubicaray, Greig I., de Zwarte, Sonja M.C., Braber, Anouk den, Doan, Nhat Trung, Dohm, Katharina, Ehrlich, Stefan, Engelbrecht, Hannah-Ruth, Erk, Susanne, Fan, Chun Chieh, Fedko, Iryna O., Foley, Sonya F., Ford, Judith M., Fukunaga, Masaki, Garrett, Melanie E., Ge, Tian, Giddaluru, Sudheer, Goldman, Aaron L., Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gurholt, Tiril P., Gutman, Boris A., Hansell, Narelle K., Harrison, Marc B., Haswell, Courtney C., Hauser, Michael, Heslenfeld, Dirk J., Hoehn, David, Holleran, Laurena, Hoogman, Martine, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Ikeda, Masashi, Janowitz, Deborah, Jansen, Iris E., Jia, Tianye, Jockwitz, Christiane, Kanai, Ryota, Kasperaviciute, Dalia, Kaufmann, Tobias, Kelly, Sinead, Kikuchi, Masataka, Klein, Marieke, Knapp, Michael, Knodt, Annchen R., Krämer, Bernd, Lancaster, Thomas M., Lee, Phil H., Lett, Tristram A., Lewis, Lindsay B., Lopes-Cendes, Iscia, Macciardi, Fabio, Marquand, Andre F., Mathias, Samuel R., Melzer, Tracy R., Milaneschi, Yuri, Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin, Moreira, Jose C.V., Mühleisen, Thomas W., Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Najt, Pablo, Nakahara, Soichiro, Nho, Kwangsik, Olde Loohuis, Loes M., Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos, Pearson, John F., Pitcher, Toni L., Pütz, Benno, Ragothaman, Anjanibhargavi, Rashid, Faisal M., Redlich, Ronny, Reinbold, Céline S., Repple, Jonathan, Richard, Geneviève, Riedel, Brandalyn C., Risacher, Shannon L., Rocha, Cristiane S., Mota, Nina Roth, Salminen, Lauren, Saremi, Arvin, Saykin, Andrew J., Schlag, Fenja, Schmaal, Lianne, Secolin, Rodrigo, Shapland, Chin Yang, Shen, Li, Shumskaya, Elena, Sønderby, Ida E., Sprooten, Emma, Strike, Lachlan T., Tansey, Katherine E., Teumer, Alexander, Thomopoulos, Sophia I., Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Diana, Turner, Jessica A., Uhlmann, Anne, Vallerga, Costanza Ludovica, van der Meer, Dennis, van Donkelaar, Marjolein M.J., van Eijk, Liza, van Erp, Theo G.M., van Haren, Neeltje E.M., van Rooij, Daan, van Tol, Marie-José, Veldink, Jan H., Verhoef, Ellen, Walton, Esther, Wang, Yunpeng, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Witt, Stephanie H., Wolf, Christiane, Wolfers, Thomas, Yasuda, Clarissa L., Zaremba, Dario, Zhang, Zuo, Zhu, Alyssa H., Zwiers, Marcel P., Artiges, Eric, Assareh, Amelia A., Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa, Belger, Aysenil, Brandt, Christine L., Brown, Gregory G., Cichon, Sven, Curran, Joanne E., Davies, Gareth E., Degenhardt, Franziska, Dietsche, Bruno, Djurovic, Srdjan, Doherty, Colin P., Espiritu, Ryan, Garijo, Daniel, Gil, Yolanda, Gowland, Penny A., Green, Robert C., Häusler, Alexander N., Heindel, Walter, Ho, Beng-Choon, Hoffmann, Wolfgang U., Holsboer, Florian, Homuth, Georg, Hosten, Norbert, Jack Jr., Clifford R., Jang, MiHyun, Jansen, Andreas, Kolskår, Knut, Koops, Sanne, Krug, Axel, Lim, Kelvin O., Luykx, Jurjen J., Mathalon, Daniel H., Mattay, Venkata S., Matthews, Sarah, Van Son, Jaqueline Mayoral, McEwen, Sarah C., Melle, Ingrid, Morris, Derek W., Mueller, Bryon A., Nauck, Matthias, Nordvik, Jan E., Nöthen, Markus M., O’Leary, Daniel S., Opel, Nils, Martinot, Marie - Laure Paillère, Pike, G. Bruce, Preda, Adrian, Quinlan, Erin B., Ratnakar, Varun, Reppermund, Simone, Steen, Vidar M., Torres, Fábio R., Veltman, Dick J., Voyvodic, James T., Whelan, Robert, White, Tonya, Yamamori, Hidenaga, Alvim, Marina K.M., Anderson, Tim J., Andreassen, Ole A., Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro, Bastin, Mark E., Baune, Bernhard T., Blangero, John, Boomsma, Dorret I., Brunner, Han G., Buckner, Randy L., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bustillo, Juan R., Cahn, Wiepke, Calhoun, Vince, Caseras, Xavier, Caspers, Svenja, Cavalleri, Gianpiero L., Cendes, Fernando, Corvin, Aiden, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Dalrymple-Alford, John C., Dannlowski, Udo, de Geus, Eco J.C., Deary, Ian J., Delanty, Norman, Depondt, Chantal, Desrivières, Sylvane, Donohoe, Gary, Espeseth, Thomas, Fernández, Guillén, Fisher, Simon E., Flor, Herta, Forstner, Andreas J., Francks, Clyde, Franke, Barbara, Glahn, David C., Gollub, Randy L., Grabe, Hans J., Gruber, Oliver, Håberg, Asta K., Hariri, Ahmad R., Hartman, Catharina A., Hashimoto, Ryota, Heinz, Andreas, Hillegers, Manon H.J., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holmes, Avram J., Hong, L. Elliot, Hopkins, William D., Hulshoff Pol, Hilleke E., Jernigan, Terry L., Jönsson, Erik G., Kahn, René S., Kennedy, Martin A., Kircher, Tilo T.J., Kochunov, Peter, Kwok, John B.J., Le Hellard, Stephanie, Martin, Nicholas G., Martinot, Jean - Luc, McDonald, Colm, McMahon, Katie L., Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas, Morey, Rajendra A., Nyberg, Lars, Oosterlaan, Jaap, Ophoff, Roel A., Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., Polderman, Tinca J.C., Posthuma, Danielle, Rietschel, Marcella, Roffman, Joshua L., Rowland, Laura M., Sämann, Philipp G., Schumann, Gunter, Sim, Kang, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., Smoller, Jordan W., Sommer, Iris E., St Pourcain, Beate, Stein, Dan J., Toga, Arthur W., Van der Wee, Nic J.A., van’t Ent, Dennis, Völzke, Henry, Walter, Henrik, Weber, Bernd, Weinberger, Daniel R., Zhou, Juan, Stein, Jason L., Thompson, Paul M., Medland, Sarah E., ENIGMA Consortium, and neuroCHARGE Working Group

Subjects
0303 health sciences, DAAM1, Locus (genetics), Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Lateral geniculate nucleus, Phenotype, Chromosome 17 (human), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Visual cortex, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral cortex, medicine, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

The radial unit hypothesis provides a framework for global (proliferation) and regional (distribution) expansion of the primate cerebral cortex. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we have identified cortical regions with shared variance in their surface area and cortical thickness, respectively, segmented from magnetic resonance images obtained in 23,800 participants. We then carried out meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies of the first two principal components for each phenotype. For surface area (but not cortical thickness), we have detected strong associations between each of the components and single nucleotide polymorphisms in a number of gene loci. The first (global) component was associated mainly with loci on chromosome 17 (9.5e-32 ≤ p ≤ 2.8e-10), including those detected previously as linked with intracranial volume and/or general cognitive function. The second (regional) component captured shared variation in the surface area of the primary and adjacent secondary visual cortices and showed a robust association with polymorphisms in a locus on chromosome 14 containing Disheveled Associated Activator of Morphogenesis 1 (DAAM1; p=2.4e-34). DAAM1 is a key component in the planar-cell-polarity signaling pathway. In follow-up studies, we have focused on the latter finding and established that: (1) DAAM1 is highly expressed between 12th and 22nd post-conception weeks in the human cerebral cortex; (2) genes co-expressed with DAAM1 in the primary visual cortex are enriched in mitochondria-related pathways; and (3) volume of the lateral geniculate nucleus, which projects to regions of the visual cortex staining for cytochrome oxidase (a mitochondrial enzyme), correlates with the surface area of the visual cortex in major-allele homozygotes but not in carriers of the minor allele. Altogether, we speculate that, in concert with thalamocortical input to cortical subplate, DAAM1 enables migration of neurons to cytochrome-oxidase rich regions of the visual cortex, and, in turn, facilitates regional expansion of this set of cortical regions during development.

Published
2018
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24. Magnetic resonance imaging does not reveal structural alterations in the brain of grapheme-color synesthetes

Author

Dojat, Michel, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Hupé, Jean-Michel, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Centre de recherche cerveau et cognition (CERCO), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Adult, Male, Imaging Techniques, Permutation, Brain Morphometry, lcsh:Medicine, Social Sciences, Datasets as Topic, Neuroimaging, Research and Analysis Methods, Nervous System, Diagnostic Radiology, Perceptual Disorders, Diagnostic Medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Humans, lcsh:Science, Brain Mapping, Discrete Mathematics, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Radiology and Imaging, Morphometry, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Brain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Combinatorics, Physical Sciences, lcsh:Q, Sensory Perception, Female, Anatomy, Voxel-Based Morphometry, Synesthesia, Mathematics, Color Perception, Photic Stimulation, Research Article, Neuroscience
Abstract

Several publications have reported structural changes in the brain of synesthetes compared to controls, either local differences or differences in connectivity. In the present study, we pursued this quest for structural brain differences that might support the subjective experience of synesthesia. In particular, for the first time in this field, we investigated brain folding in comparing 45 sulcal shapes in each hemisphere of control and grapheme-color synesthete populations. To overcome flaws relative to data interpretation based only on p-values, common in the synesthesia literature, we report confidence intervals of effect sizes. Moreover, our statistical maps are displayed without introducing the classical, but misleading, p-value level threshold. We adopt such a methodological procedure to facilitate appropriate data interpretation and promote the "New Statistics" approach. Based on structural or diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data, we did not find any strong cerebral anomaly, in sulci, tissue volume, tissue density or fiber organization that could support synesthetic color experience. Finally, by sharing our complete datasets, we strongly support the multi-center construction of a sufficient large dataset repository for detecting, if any, subtle brain differences that may help understanding how a subjective experience, such as synesthesia, is mentally constructed.

Published
2018

25. ENIGMA and Global Neuroscience: A Decade of Large-Scale Studies of the Brain in Health and Disease across more than 40 Countries

Author

Thompson, Paul, primary, Jahanshad, Neda, additional, Ching, Christopher R. K., additional, Salminen, Lauren, additional, Thomopoulos, Sophia I, additional, Bright, Joanna, additional, Baune, Bernhard T., additional, Bertolín, Sara, additional, Bralten, Janita, additional, Bruin, Willem B., additional, Bülow, Robin, additional, Chen, Jian, additional, Chye, Yann, additional, Dannlowski, Udo, additional, de Kovel, Carolien G.F., additional, Donohoe, Gary, additional, Eyler, Lisa, additional, Faraone, Stephen V., additional, Favre, Pauline, additional, Filippi, Courtney A, additional, Frodl, Thomas, additional, Garijo, Daniel, additional, Gil, Yolanda, additional, Grabe, Hans J., additional, Grasby, Katrina L., additional, Hajek, Tomas, additional, Han, Laura K. M., additional, Hatton, Sean N, additional, Hilbert, Kevin, additional, Ho, Tiffany Cheing, additional, Holleran, Laurena, additional, Homuth, Georg, additional, Hosten, Norbert, additional, Houenou, Josselin, additional, Ivanov, Iliyan, additional, Jia, Tianye, additional, Kelly, Sinead, additional, Klein, Marieke, additional, Kwon, Jun Soo, additional, Laansma, Max A., additional, Leerssen, Jeanne, additional, Lueken, Ulrike, additional, Nunes, Abraham, additional, O'Neill, Joseph, additional, Opel, Nils, additional, Piras, Fabrizio, additional, Piras, Federica, additional, Postema, Merel, additional, Pozzi, Elena, additional, Shatokhina, Natalia, additional, Soriano-Mas, Carles, additional, Spalletta, Gianfranco, additional, Sun, Daqiang, additional, Teumer, Alexander, additional, Tilot, Amanda K., additional, Tozzi, Leonardo, additional, van der Merwe, Celia, additional, Van Someren, Eus, additional, van Wingen, Guido, additional, Völzke, Henry, additional, Walton, Esther, additional, Wang, Lei, additional, Winkler, Anderson M., additional, Wittfeld, Katharina, additional, Wright, Margaret J., additional, Yun, Je-Yeon, additional, Zhang, Guohao, additional, Zhang-James, Yanli, additional, Adhikari, Bhim M., additional, Agartz, Ingrid, additional, Aghajani, Moji, additional, Aleman, Andre, additional, Althoff, Robert R., additional, Altmann, Andre, additional, Andreassen, Ole A., additional, Baron, David A., additional, Bartnik-Olson, Brenda L., additional, Bas-Hoogendam, Janna Marie, additional, Baskin–Sommers, Arielle, additional, Bearden, Carrie E., additional, Berner, Laura A., additional, Boedhoe, Premika S. W., additional, Brouwer, Rachel M., additional, Buitelaar, Jan, additional, Caeyenberghs, Karen, additional, Cecil, Charlotte, additional, Cohen, Ronald A., additional, Cole, James Howard, additional, Conrod, Patricia J., additional, De Brito, Stephane A., additional, de Zwarte, Sonja M. C., additional, Dennis, Emily L., additional, Desrivieres, Sylvane, additional, Dima, Danai, additional, Ehrlich, Stefan, additional, Esopenko, Carrie, additional, Fairchild, Graeme, additional, Fisher, Simon, additional, Fouche, Jean-Paul, additional, Francks, Clyde, additional, Frangou, Sophia, additional, Franke, Barbara, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, Glahn, David C., additional, Groenewold, Nynke A., additional, Gurholt, Tiril Pedersen, additional, Gutman, Boris A., additional, Hahn, Tim, additional, Harding, Ian, additional, Hernaus, Dennis, additional, Hibar, Derrek P., additional, Hillary, Frank, additional, Hoogman, Martine, additional, Pol, Hilleke E. Hulshoff, additional, Jalbrzikowski, Maria, additional, Karkashadze, George А., additional, Klapwijk, Eduard, additional, Knickmeyer, Rebecca C., additional, Kochunov, Peter, additional, Koerte, Inga K., additional, Kong, Xiang-Zhen, additional, Liew, Sook-Lei, additional, Lin, Alexander P., additional, Logue, Mark W., additional, Luders, Eileen, additional, Macciardi, Fabio, additional, Mackey, Scott, additional, Mayer, Andrew R., additional, McDonald, Carrie R., additional, McMahon, Agnes B., additional, Medland, Sarah E., additional, Modinos, Gemma, additional, Morey, Rajendra A., additional, Mueller, Sven C, additional, Mukherjee, Pratik, additional, Namazova-Baranova, Leyla, additional, Nir, Talia M., additional, Olsen, Alexander, additional, Paschou, Peristera, additional, Pine, Daniel, additional, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, additional, Rentería, Miguel E., additional, Rohrer, Jonathan D., additional, Sämann, Philipp Gero, additional, Schmaal, Lianne, additional, Schumann, Gunter, additional, Shiroishi, Mark S., additional, Sisodiya, Sanjay M., additional, Smit, Dirk J. A., additional, Sønderby, Ida E., additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Stein, Jason L., additional, Tahmasian, Masoud, additional, Tate, David F, additional, Turner, Jessica, additional, van den Heuvel, Odile A., additional, van der Wee, Nic, additional, van der Werf, Ysbrand D., additional, van Erp, Theo G. M., additional, van Haren, Neeltje, additional, van Rooij, Daan, additional, van Velzen, Laura S., additional, Veer, Ilya, additional, Veltman, Dick J., additional, Villalon-Reina, Julio E., additional, Walter, Henrik, additional, Whelan, Christopher D., additional, Wilde, Elisabeth A., additional, Zarei, Mojtaba, additional, and Zelman, Vladimir, additional

Published
2019
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27. A resting state fMRI analysis pipeline for pooling inference across diverse cohorts: an ENIGMA rs-fMRI protocol

Author

Adhikari, Bhim M., primary, Jahanshad, Neda, additional, Shukla, Dinesh, additional, Turner, Jessica, additional, Grotegerd, Dominik, additional, Dannlowski, Udo, additional, Kugel, Harald, additional, Engelen, Jennifer, additional, Dietsche, Bruno, additional, Krug, Axel, additional, Kircher, Tilo, additional, Fieremans, Els, additional, Veraart, Jelle, additional, Novikov, Dmitry S., additional, Boedhoe, Premika S. W., additional, van der Werf, Ysbrand D., additional, van den Heuvel, Odile A., additional, Ipser, Jonathan, additional, Uhlmann, Anne, additional, Stein, Dan J., additional, Dickie, Erin, additional, Voineskos, Aristotle N., additional, Malhotra, Anil K., additional, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, additional, Calhoun, Vince D., additional, Waller, Lea, additional, Veer, Ilja M., additional, Walter, Hernik, additional, Buchanan, Robert W., additional, Glahn, David C., additional, Hong, L. Elliot, additional, Thompson, Paul M., additional, and Kochunov, Peter, additional

Published
2018
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29. The challenge of mapping the human connectome based on diffusion tractography

Author

Maier-Hein, Klaus H, Neher, Peter F, Houde, Jean-Christophe, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, Zhong, Jidan, Chamberland, Maxime, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, Lin, Ying-Chia, Ji, Qing, Reddick, Wilburn E, Glass, John O, Chen, David Qixiang, Feng, Yuanjing, Gao, Chengfeng, Wu, Ye, Ma, Jieyan, Renjie, H, Li, Qiang, Westin, Carl Fredrik, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, González, J Omar Ocegueda, Paquette, Michael, St-Jean, Samuel, Girard, Gabriel, Rheault, François, Sidhu, Jasmeen, Tax, Chantal M.W., Guo, Fenghua, Mesri, Hamed Y., Dávid, Szabolcs, Froeling, Martijn, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., Leemans, Alexander, Boré, Arnaud, Pinsard, Basile, Bedetti, Christophe, Desrosiers, Matthieu, Brambati, Simona, Doyon, Julien, Sarica, Alessia, Vasta, Roberta, Cerasa, Antonio, Quattrone, Aldo, Yeatman, Jason, Khan, Ali R., Hodges, Wes, Alexander, Simon, Romascano, David, Barakovic, Muhamed, Auría, Anna, Esteban, Oscar, Lemkaddem, Alia, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, Cetingul, H Ertan, Odry, Benjamin L, Mailhe, Boris, Nadar, Mariappan S, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Prasad, Gautam, Villalon-Reina, Julio E, Galvis, Justin, Thompson, Paul M., Requejo, Francisco De Santiago, Laguna, Pedro Luque, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, Barrett, Rachel, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Catani, Marco, Petit, Laurent, Caruyer, Emmanuel, Daducci, Alessandro, Dyrby, Tim B, Holland-Letz, Tim, Hilgetag, Claus C., Stieltjes, Bram, Descoteaux, Maxime, Maier-Hein, Klaus H, Neher, Peter F, Houde, Jean-Christophe, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, Zhong, Jidan, Chamberland, Maxime, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, Lin, Ying-Chia, Ji, Qing, Reddick, Wilburn E, Glass, John O, Chen, David Qixiang, Feng, Yuanjing, Gao, Chengfeng, Wu, Ye, Ma, Jieyan, Renjie, H, Li, Qiang, Westin, Carl Fredrik, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, González, J Omar Ocegueda, Paquette, Michael, St-Jean, Samuel, Girard, Gabriel, Rheault, François, Sidhu, Jasmeen, Tax, Chantal M.W., Guo, Fenghua, Mesri, Hamed Y., Dávid, Szabolcs, Froeling, Martijn, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., Leemans, Alexander, Boré, Arnaud, Pinsard, Basile, Bedetti, Christophe, Desrosiers, Matthieu, Brambati, Simona, Doyon, Julien, Sarica, Alessia, Vasta, Roberta, Cerasa, Antonio, Quattrone, Aldo, Yeatman, Jason, Khan, Ali R., Hodges, Wes, Alexander, Simon, Romascano, David, Barakovic, Muhamed, Auría, Anna, Esteban, Oscar, Lemkaddem, Alia, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, Cetingul, H Ertan, Odry, Benjamin L, Mailhe, Boris, Nadar, Mariappan S, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Prasad, Gautam, Villalon-Reina, Julio E, Galvis, Justin, Thompson, Paul M., Requejo, Francisco De Santiago, Laguna, Pedro Luque, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, Barrett, Rachel, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Catani, Marco, Petit, Laurent, Caruyer, Emmanuel, Daducci, Alessandro, Dyrby, Tim B, Holland-Letz, Tim, Hilgetag, Claus C., Stieltjes, Bram, and Descoteaux, Maxime

Published
2017

30. Approximating principal genetic components of subcortical shape

Author

Egan, G, Salvado, O, Gutman, Boris, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Jahanshad, Neda, Wright, Margie, McMahon, Katie, de Zubicaray, Greig, Thompson, Paul, Egan, G, Salvado, O, Gutman, Boris, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Jahanshad, Neda, Wright, Margie, McMahon, Katie, de Zubicaray, Greig, and Thompson, Paul

Abstract

Optimal representations of the genetic structure underlying complex neuroimaging phenotypes lie at the heart of our quest to discover the genetic code of the brain. Here, we suggest a strategy for achieving such a representation by decomposing the genetic covariance matrix of complex phenotypes into maximally heritable and genetically independent components. We show that such a representation can be approximated well with eigenvectors of the genetic covariance based on a large family study. Using 520 twin pairs from the QTIM dataset, we estimate 500 principal genetic components of 54,000 vertex-wise shape features representing fourteen subcortical regions. We show that our features maintain their desired properties in practice. Further, the genetic components are found to be significantly associated with the CLU and PICALM genes in an unrelated Alzheimer's Disease (AD) dataset. The same genes are not significantly associated with other volume and shape measures in this dataset. © 2017 IEEE.

Published
2017

31. The challenge of mapping the human connectome based on diffusion tractography

Author

Beeldverwerking ISI, Brain, UMC Utrecht, Highfield Research Group, Maier-Hein, Klaus H, Neher, Peter F, Houde, Jean-Christophe, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, Zhong, Jidan, Chamberland, Maxime, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, Lin, Ying-Chia, Ji, Qing, Reddick, Wilburn E, Glass, John O, Chen, David Qixiang, Feng, Yuanjing, Gao, Chengfeng, Wu, Ye, Ma, Jieyan, Renjie, H, Li, Qiang, Westin, Carl Fredrik, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, González, J Omar Ocegueda, Paquette, Michael, St-Jean, Samuel, Girard, Gabriel, Rheault, François, Sidhu, Jasmeen, Tax, Chantal M.W., Guo, Fenghua, Mesri, Hamed Y., Dávid, Szabolcs, Froeling, Martijn, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., Leemans, Alexander, Boré, Arnaud, Pinsard, Basile, Bedetti, Christophe, Desrosiers, Matthieu, Brambati, Simona, Doyon, Julien, Sarica, Alessia, Vasta, Roberta, Cerasa, Antonio, Quattrone, Aldo, Yeatman, Jason, Khan, Ali R., Hodges, Wes, Alexander, Simon, Romascano, David, Barakovic, Muhamed, Auría, Anna, Esteban, Oscar, Lemkaddem, Alia, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, Cetingul, H Ertan, Odry, Benjamin L, Mailhe, Boris, Nadar, Mariappan S, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Prasad, Gautam, Villalon-Reina, Julio E, Galvis, Justin, Thompson, Paul M., Requejo, Francisco De Santiago, Laguna, Pedro Luque, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, Barrett, Rachel, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Catani, Marco, Petit, Laurent, Caruyer, Emmanuel, Daducci, Alessandro, Dyrby, Tim B, Holland-Letz, Tim, Hilgetag, Claus C., Stieltjes, Bram, Descoteaux, Maxime, Beeldverwerking ISI, Brain, UMC Utrecht, Highfield Research Group, Maier-Hein, Klaus H, Neher, Peter F, Houde, Jean-Christophe, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, Zhong, Jidan, Chamberland, Maxime, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, Lin, Ying-Chia, Ji, Qing, Reddick, Wilburn E, Glass, John O, Chen, David Qixiang, Feng, Yuanjing, Gao, Chengfeng, Wu, Ye, Ma, Jieyan, Renjie, H, Li, Qiang, Westin, Carl Fredrik, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, González, J Omar Ocegueda, Paquette, Michael, St-Jean, Samuel, Girard, Gabriel, Rheault, François, Sidhu, Jasmeen, Tax, Chantal M.W., Guo, Fenghua, Mesri, Hamed Y., Dávid, Szabolcs, Froeling, Martijn, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., Leemans, Alexander, Boré, Arnaud, Pinsard, Basile, Bedetti, Christophe, Desrosiers, Matthieu, Brambati, Simona, Doyon, Julien, Sarica, Alessia, Vasta, Roberta, Cerasa, Antonio, Quattrone, Aldo, Yeatman, Jason, Khan, Ali R., Hodges, Wes, Alexander, Simon, Romascano, David, Barakovic, Muhamed, Auría, Anna, Esteban, Oscar, Lemkaddem, Alia, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, Cetingul, H Ertan, Odry, Benjamin L, Mailhe, Boris, Nadar, Mariappan S, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Prasad, Gautam, Villalon-Reina, Julio E, Galvis, Justin, Thompson, Paul M., Requejo, Francisco De Santiago, Laguna, Pedro Luque, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, Barrett, Rachel, Dell'Acqua, Flavio, Catani, Marco, Petit, Laurent, Caruyer, Emmanuel, Daducci, Alessandro, Dyrby, Tim B, Holland-Letz, Tim, Hilgetag, Claus C., Stieltjes, Bram, and Descoteaux, Maxime

Published
2017

35. Tractography-based connectomes are dominated by false-positive connections

Author

Maier-Hein, Klaus H., primary, Neher, Peter, additional, Houde, Jean-Christophe, additional, Côté, Marc-Alexandre, additional, Garyfallidis, Eleftherios, additional, Zhong, Jidan, additional, Chamberland, Maxime, additional, Yeh, Fang-Cheng, additional, Lin, Ying-Chia, additional, Ji, Qing, additional, Reddick, Wilburn E., additional, Glass, John O., additional, Chen, David Qixiang, additional, Feng, Yuanjing, additional, Gao, Chengfeng, additional, Wu, Ye, additional, Ma, Jieyan, additional, Renjie, H, additional, Li, Qiang, additional, Westin, Carl-Fredrik, additional, Deslauriers-Gauthier, Samuel, additional, González, J. Omar Ocegueda, additional, Paquette, Michael, additional, St-Jean, Samuel, additional, Girard, Gabriel, additional, Rheault, François, additional, Sidhu, Jasmeen, additional, Tax, Chantal M.W., additional, Guo, Fenghua, additional, Mesri, Hamed Y., additional, Dávid, Szabolcs, additional, Froeling, Martijn, additional, Heemskerk, Anneriet M., additional, Leemans, Alexander, additional, Boré, Arnaud, additional, Pinsard, Basile, additional, Bedetti, Christophe, additional, Desrosiers, Matthieu, additional, Brambati, Simona, additional, Doyon, Julien, additional, Sarica, Alessia, additional, Vasta, Roberta, additional, Cerasa, Antonio, additional, Quattrone, Aldo, additional, Yeatman, Jason, additional, Khan, Ali R., additional, Hodges, Wes, additional, Alexander, Simon, additional, Romascano, David, additional, Barakovic, Muhamed, additional, Auría, Anna, additional, Esteban, Oscar, additional, Lemkaddem, Alia, additional, Thiran, Jean-Philippe, additional, Cetingul, H. Ertan, additional, Odry, Benjamin L., additional, Mailhe, Boris, additional, Nadar, Mariappan S., additional, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, additional, Prasad, Gautam, additional, Villalon-Reina, Julio E., additional, Galvis, Justin, additional, Thompson, Paul M., additional, Requejo, Francisco De Santiago, additional, Laguna, Pedro Luque, additional, Lacerda, Luis Miguel, additional, Barrett, Rachel, additional, Dell’Acqua, Flavio, additional, Catani, Marco, additional, Petit, Laurent, additional, Caruyer, Emmanuel, additional, Daducci, Alessandro, additional, Dyrby, Tim B., additional, Holland-Letz, Tim, additional, Hilgetag, Claus C., additional, Stieltjes, Bram, additional, and Descoteaux, Maxime, additional

Published
2016
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36. Genetic analysis of cortical sulci in 1,009 adults

Author

Rohr, K, Lelieveldt, B, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Auzias, Guillaume, Kochunov, Peter, Faskowitz, Joshua, McMahon, Katie, de Zubicaray, Greig, Martin, Nicholas, Wright, Margie, Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul, Rohr, K, Lelieveldt, B, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, Auzias, Guillaume, Kochunov, Peter, Faskowitz, Joshua, McMahon, Katie, de Zubicaray, Greig, Martin, Nicholas, Wright, Margie, Jahanshad, Neda, and Thompson, Paul

Abstract

Specific genetic loci related to differences in brain anatomy have recently been discovered through efforts of the ENIGMA consortium and others. Yet different neuroanatomical traits may have different genetic determinants, and their discovery may offer a deeper understanding of genetic factors that shape the human brain. To investigate the degree of genetic contributions to variability in sulcal measures - the fissures within the brain's surface - 1009 healthy young adult Australian twins and siblings were imaged with high-resolution 4-tesla MRI. Length, mean depth, surface area and fold openings for 60 sulci were measured for both hemispheres. We calculated the heritability for each sulcal measure (average h2∼0.3-0.4); genetic correlations determined if there was an overlapping genetic profile across hemispheres for the same trait, or if lateralized genetic influences were statistically distinguishable. In cases with no hemisphere-specific genetic influences, the heritability of the bilateral average was computed for greater stability.

Published
2016

37. Genetic analysis of cortical sulci in 1,009 adults

Author

Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, primary, Auzias, Guillaume, additional, Kochunov, Peter, additional, Faskowitz, Joshua I., additional, McMahon, Katie L., additional, de Zubicaray, Greig I., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Wright, Margaret J., additional, Jahanshad, Neda, additional, and Thompson, Paul M., additional

Published
2016
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39. Etude par neuroimagerie IRM de la représentation centrale des mouvements de la main chez les sujets sains et chez les patients après chirurgie de la main

Author

Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, STAR, ABES, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Grenoble, Chantal Delon-Martin, and Michel Dojat

Subjects
Somatotopy, Somatotopie, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Functional plasticity, Recalage d'images, FMRI, Image registration, Plasticité fonctionnelle, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, IRMf
Abstract

After a sensory deprivation or a peripheral sensory rehabilitation, primary sensorimotor areas undergo anatomical and functional reorganization. The hand tendon transfer is a rehabilitative surgery that restores the hand extension function by changing the insertion of chosen flexor muscles. During rehabilitation, the central control of the flexion and extension movements is based on elementary processes of brain plasticity, still poorly understood, but known to be slow, taking up to one year and occurring simultaneously with manual recovery. We hypothesize that high-resolution functional MRI (fMRI) may reveal brain plasticity linked to motor-behavior recovery.This PhD thesis aims to develop fMRI methods for individual patient follow-up after hand tendon transfer surgery. We first defined reference maps, based on a group of healthy subjects, for fine cortical representation of voluntary hand movements. These maps were then used to evaluate brain plasticity linked to the hand tendon surgery. To better understand the representation of the hand’s movements of flexion and extension in the primary motor cortex, we carried out a high-resolution, functional MRI study (using a static magnetic field of 3 Tesla), on a group of 13 healthy subjects. It was necessary to register all individual brains into a common reference system in order to perform a group statistical analysis. However, the inter-individual anatomical variability of the primary motor areas prevented us from performing the registration by conventional methods. We evaluated various methods of nonlinear registration to ensure a robust inter-individual alignment of central sulci. We compared: 1. a local method (Demon), which allows for important local deformations, 2. a standard non-linear method (SPM), which allows for a global image alignment and 3. a global diffeomorphic registration method (DARTEL) with a large number of degrees of freedom. In addition, we applied a fourth, more recent method, in partnership with LSIS, (CNRS Marseille) which iteratively reinforces the alignment of identified sulci before applying DARTEL (DISCO+DARTEL). This adds a local sulci-based constraint to the global deformation. We found that the fourth method produced the best alignment according to both anatomical criteria (Hausdorff distance, mask tissues overlaps and characteristics of the deformations field) and functional criteria (localization accuracy and statistical robustness of activations detected). We were then able to establish high spatial resolution reference maps of the elementary movements of the hand. These maps showed multiple foci of activity and significant overlaps in the region known as the "hand-knob."This first step of testing completed, we entered into a second round of testing where we evaluated the reproducibility of our initial results by performing a second series of tests on the same control group (“test-retest”).Two patients were followed up: before surgery (M0) and 1 month (M1), 3 (M3), 6 (M6) and 12 months (M12) after surgery. Functional recruitment was observed during recovery in SMA, M1, ispilateral and contralateral S1 and lobules V-VI of the cerebellum. Compared with healthy subjects, these two patients presented compensatory cortex reorganization during progressive recovery of hand function., Après une déprivation sensorielle ou après une réhabilitation sensorielle périphérique, les aires sensori-motrices primaires du cerveau se réorganisent anatomiquement et fonctionnellement. Dans le cas du transfert tendineux, une réhabilitation des fonctions manuelles est opérée grâce à une inversion de certaines fonctions de flexion en extension. Chez les patients opérés, la commande centrale de ces mouvements élémentaires repose sur des processus de plasticité cérébrale, processus encore mal connus, lents qui se stabilisent en une année et qui présentent une co-occurrence avec la récupération manuelle. Nous faisons l'hypothèse que l'IRM fonctionnelle de haute résolution permet de détecter la plasticité cérébrale liée à cette récupération motrice. Cette thèse a pour but de mettre en place des méthodes de suivi longitudinal individuel à partir des images fonctionnelles cérébrales des patients pour étudier la plasticité cérébrale lors de la récupération fonctionnelle. On a d’abord cherché à obtenir des cartes de référence de la motricité fine de la main sur un groupe de sujets contrôles. Ces cartes sont ensuite utilisées pour évaluer, à partir des données obtenues lors du suivi longitudinal de patients, la plasticité cérébrale liée au transfert tendineux. Pour mieux comprendre la représentation des mouvements de flexion et d'extension de la main dans le cortex moteur primaire, nous avons mis en place une étude en IRM fonctionnelle de haute résolution à 3T sur un groupe de 13 sujets sains. Pour généraliser les résultats individuels obtenus pour chaque mouvement au niveau de la population, il faut pouvoir réaligner les cerveaux individuels dans un référentiel commun afin d'effectuer une analyse statistique sur le groupe. Or, la variabilité anatomique inter-individuelle des aires motrices primaires constituait un verrou scientifique car celles-ci ne se réalignaient pas correctement par les méthodes classiques. Dans un premier temps, nous avons donc évalué différentes méthodes de recalage non-linéaires au niveau du cortex moteur pour assurer un alignement inter-individuel robuste. Nous avons comparé une méthode locale, Demons qui permet des déformations locales très importantes des images, une méthode classique non-linéaire (SPM), qui permet un alignement global des images, et une méthode de recalage global difféomorphique (DARTEL) utilisant de nombreux degrés de liberté. De plus, nous avons appliqué une méthode récente basée sur l’alignement des sillons corticaux au préalable à l’utilisation de DARTEL (DISCO+DARTEL) en partenariat avec l’équipe du LSIS, (CNRS Marseille) qui ajoute un caractère local à la technique globale de recalage. Nous montrons que cette dernière méthode produit le meilleur alignement sur des critères à la fois anatomiques (distance de Hausdorff, superposition des masques de tissus, et caractéristiques du champ de déformations) et fonctionnels (précision de la localisation et robustesse statistique des activations détectées). Nous avons alors pu établir des cartes de référence en haute résolution des mouvements élémentaires de la main, selon la dominance manuelle, selon la direction du mouvement et selon le segment de la main. Ces cartes présentent de multiples foyers d’activation et un chevauchement important dans la région dite du « hand-knob ». Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons évalué la robustesse de nos résultats, en réalisant une deuxième série d’examens sur les mêmes sujets contrôles (test-retest). Deux patients ont été suivis longitudinalement: avant la chirurgie (M0), à 1 mois (M1), à 3 (M3), 6 (M6) et 12 mois (M12) après la chirurgie. On a observé le recrutement au cours de la récupération de la SMA, de M1 et S1 ipsilatéral, de S1 contralatéral et des lobules V et VI du cervelet. Par rapport aux sujets sains, les patients mettent en place une réorganisation compensatoire au cours de la récupération fonctionnelle.

Published
2012

41. Prediction of MCI conversion using sulcal morphometry

Author

Sighinolfi, Giovanni, primary, Mitolo, Micaela, additional, Pizzagalli, Fabrizio, additional, Lodi, Raffaele, additional, Stanzani-Maserati, Michelangelo, additional, Remondini, Daniel, additional, Capellari, Sabina, additional, Liguori, Rocco, additional, Tonon, Caterina, additional, and Testa, Claudia, additional

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42. Ten years of enhancing neuro-imaging genetics through meta-analysis: An overview from the ENIGMA Genetics Working Group.

Author

Medland SE, Grasby KL, Jahanshad N, Painter JN, Colodro-Conde L, Bralten J, Hibar DP, Lind PA, Pizzagalli F, Thomopoulos SI, Stein JL, Franke B, Martin NG, and Thompson PM

Subjects
Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Brain anatomy & histology, Brain diagnostic imaging, Genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mental Disorders diagnostic imaging, Mental Disorders genetics, Mental Disorders pathology, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Nervous System Diseases diagnostic imaging, Nervous System Diseases genetics, Nervous System Diseases pathology, Neuroimaging
Abstract

Here we review the motivation for creating the enhancing neuroimaging genetics through meta-analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium and the genetic analyses undertaken by the consortium so far. We discuss the methodological challenges, findings, and future directions of the genetics working group. A major goal of the working group is tackling the reproducibility crisis affecting "candidate gene" and genome-wide association analyses in neuroimaging. To address this, we developed harmonized analytic methods, and support their use in coordinated analyses across sites worldwide, which also makes it possible to understand heterogeneity in results across sites. These efforts have resulted in the identification of hundreds of common genomic loci robustly associated with brain structure. We have found both pleiotropic and specific genetic effects associated with brain structures, as well as genetic correlations with psychiatric and neurological diseases., (© 2020 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Published
2022
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43. Predicting Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease using MRI-based Cortical Features and a Two-State Markov Model.

Author

Ficiarà E, Crespi V, Gadewar SP, Thomopoulos SI, Boyd J, Thompson PM, Jahanshad N, and Pizzagalli F

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a potential for early diagnosis of individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitive performance in healthy elderly people and in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been associated with measures of cortical gyrification [1] and thickness (CT) [2], yet the extent to which sulcal measures can help to predict AD conversion above and beyond CT measures is not known. Here, we analyzed 721 participants with MCI from phases 1 and 2 of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, applying a two-state Markov model to study the conversion from MCI to AD condition. Our preliminary results suggest that MRI-based cortical features, including sulcal morphometry, may help to predict conversion from MCI to AD.

Published
2021
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44. ENIGMA and global neuroscience: A decade of large-scale studies of the brain in health and disease across more than 40 countries.

Author

Thompson PM, Jahanshad N, Ching CRK, Salminen LE, Thomopoulos SI, Bright J, Baune BT, Bertolín S, Bralten J, Bruin WB, Bülow R, Chen J, Chye Y, Dannlowski U, de Kovel CGF, Donohoe G, Eyler LT, Faraone SV, Favre P, Filippi CA, Frodl T, Garijo D, Gil Y, Grabe HJ, Grasby KL, Hajek T, Han LKM, Hatton SN, Hilbert K, Ho TC, Holleran L, Homuth G, Hosten N, Houenou J, Ivanov I, Jia T, Kelly S, Klein M, Kwon JS, Laansma MA, Leerssen J, Lueken U, Nunes A, Neill JO, Opel N, Piras F, Piras F, Postema MC, Pozzi E, Shatokhina N, Soriano-Mas C, Spalletta G, Sun D, Teumer A, Tilot AK, Tozzi L, van der Merwe C, Van Someren EJW, van Wingen GA, Völzke H, Walton E, Wang L, Winkler AM, Wittfeld K, Wright MJ, Yun JY, Zhang G, Zhang-James Y, Adhikari BM, Agartz I, Aghajani M, Aleman A, Althoff RR, Altmann A, Andreassen OA, Baron DA, Bartnik-Olson BL, Marie Bas-Hoogendam J, Baskin-Sommers AR, Bearden CE, Berner LA, Boedhoe PSW, Brouwer RM, Buitelaar JK, Caeyenberghs K, Cecil CAM, Cohen RA, Cole JH, Conrod PJ, De Brito SA, de Zwarte SMC, Dennis EL, Desrivieres S, Dima D, Ehrlich S, Esopenko C, Fairchild G, Fisher SE, Fouche JP, Francks C, Frangou S, Franke B, Garavan HP, Glahn DC, Groenewold NA, Gurholt TP, Gutman BA, Hahn T, Harding IH, Hernaus D, Hibar DP, Hillary FG, Hoogman M, Hulshoff Pol HE, Jalbrzikowski M, Karkashadze GA, Klapwijk ET, Knickmeyer RC, Kochunov P, Koerte IK, Kong XZ, Liew SL, Lin AP, Logue MW, Luders E, Macciardi F, Mackey S, Mayer AR, McDonald CR, McMahon AB, Medland SE, Modinos G, Morey RA, Mueller SC, Mukherjee P, Namazova-Baranova L, Nir TM, Olsen A, Paschou P, Pine DS, Pizzagalli F, Rentería ME, Rohrer JD, Sämann PG, Schmaal L, Schumann G, Shiroishi MS, Sisodiya SM, Smit DJA, Sønderby IE, Stein DJ, Stein JL, Tahmasian M, Tate DF, Turner JA, van den Heuvel OA, van der Wee NJA, van der Werf YD, van Erp TGM, van Haren NEM, van Rooij D, van Velzen LS, Veer IM, Veltman DJ, Villalon-Reina JE, Walter H, Whelan CD, Wilde EA, Zarei M, and Zelman V

Subjects
Brain diagnostic imaging, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroimaging, Reproducibility of Results, Depressive Disorder, Major genetics
Abstract

This review summarizes the last decade of work by the ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium, a global alliance of over 1400 scientists across 43 countries, studying the human brain in health and disease. Building on large-scale genetic studies that discovered the first robustly replicated genetic loci associated with brain metrics, ENIGMA has diversified into over 50 working groups (WGs), pooling worldwide data and expertise to answer fundamental questions in neuroscience, psychiatry, neurology, and genetics. Most ENIGMA WGs focus on specific psychiatric and neurological conditions, other WGs study normal variation due to sex and gender differences, or development and aging; still other WGs develop methodological pipelines and tools to facilitate harmonized analyses of "big data" (i.e., genetic and epigenetic data, multimodal MRI, and electroencephalography data). These international efforts have yielded the largest neuroimaging studies to date in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. More recent ENIGMA WGs have formed to study anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behavior, sleep and insomnia, eating disorders, irritability, brain injury, antisocial personality and conduct disorder, and dissociative identity disorder. Here, we summarize the first decade of ENIGMA's activities and ongoing projects, and describe the successes and challenges encountered along the way. We highlight the advantages of collaborative large-scale coordinated data analyses for testing reproducibility and robustness of findings, offering the opportunity to identify brain systems involved in clinical syndromes across diverse samples and associated genetic, environmental, demographic, cognitive, and psychosocial factors.

Published
2020
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45. APPROXIMATING PRINCIPAL GENETIC COMPONENTS OF SUBCORTICAL SHAPE.

Author

Gutman BA, Pizzagalli F, Jahanshad N, Wright MJ, McMahon KL, de Zubicaray G, and Thompson PM

Abstract

Optimal representations of the genetic structure underlying complex neuroimaging phenotypes lie at the heart of our quest to discover the genetic code of the brain. Here, we suggest a strategy for achieving such a representation by decomposing the genetic covariance matrix of complex phenotypes into maximally heritable and genetically independent components. We show that such a representation can be approximated well with eigenvectors of the genetic covariance based on a large family study. Using 520 twin pairs from the QTIM dataset, we estimate 500 principal genetic components of 54,000 vertex-wise shape features representing fourteen subcortical regions. We show that our features maintain their desired properties in practice. Further, the genetic components are found to be significantly associated with the CLU and PICALM genes in an unrelated Alzheimer's Disease (AD) dataset. The same genes are not significantly associated with other volume and shape measures in this dataset.

Published
2017
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46. Combination of nonlinear registration methods with high resolution fMRI for a fine exploration of human primary motor hand area.

Author

Pizzagalli F, Auzias G, Delon-Martin C, and Dojat M

Subjects
Adult, Algorithms, Brain pathology, Brain physiology, Brain Mapping methods, Cerebral Cortex pathology, Humans, Models, Anatomic, Models, Statistical, Nonlinear Dynamics, Probability, Reproducibility of Results, Hand physiology, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Motor Cortex pathology
Abstract

Functional investigation of human hand representation in the motor area M1 requires high resolution functional imaging, to finely separate activation in M1, and a perfect alignment of individual central sulci to improve functional areas overlap and significance of statistical parametric maps obtained from different hand movements. Based on anatomical measures, we show how recent global diffeomorphic registration techniques impact positively on the alignment of sulcal folds in M1 area. With functional measures, we evaluate their effect on the robust detection and localization of group brain activation for flexion/extension of right and left thumbs/fingers and wrists. The methodology we propose opens the way to a non invasive functional exploration of the human hand motor cortex at the group level under different normal, pathological or after rehabilitative conditions.

Published
2011
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47. Two new stable anatomical landmarks on the Central Sulcus: definition, automatic detection, and their relationship with primary motor functions of the hand.

Author

Coulon O, Pizzagalli F, Operto G, Auzias G, Delon-Martin C, and Dojat M

Subjects
Adult, Automation, Humans, Anatomic Landmarks anatomy & histology, Hand physiology, Motor Activity physiology, Motor Cortex anatomy & histology, Motor Cortex physiology
Abstract

We present a method to automatically detect two new stable anatomical landmarks L(1) and L(2) on the Central Sulcus (CS). Those landmarks are shown to be representative of the Central Sulcus morphology and linked to the functional primary motor area of the hand. Detection is performed after introducing a new morphological characteristic, the sulcal profile. We show that when matching explicitly L(1) and L(2) across individuals the inter-subject matching of the central sulcus anatomy is improved, as well as the inter-subject matching of the primary motor area of the hand. This opens possibilities for morphological studies of the CS, more precise functional studies of primary motor function, and a better understanding of motor representations along the CS.

Published
2011
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