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1. PhD Thesis: Electronic correlations in multiorbital systems

Author

Pizarro, J. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

The role of electronic correlations in Condensed Matter is at the heart of various important systems, like magnetic materials, superconductors, topological materials, optical lattices, etc. Electronic correlations are those which change the motion of individual electrons when considering the interaction with other electrons in the material. Among the available systems to study electronic correlation effects, in this thesis I focus on unconventional superconductors, specifically in high-$T_c$ iron-based superconductors, and on two-dimensional materials, like the recent magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene or the itinerant ferromagnet $Fe_3GeTe_2$. In the introduction, I explained in detail the importance of electronic correlations, and how their strength can be modeled by the quasiparticle weight $Z$. I briefly reviewed the most important aspects of the Fermi Liquid Theory. Chapter 2 is devoted to explain in detail the role of electronic correlations in multiorbital systems, with a special attention to the role played by the Hund's coupling $J_H$. Chapters 3 to 6 describe the calculations done in various real systems. During this thesis, I used a combination of ab-initio and modelling, plus slave-spin many-body approaches to study the effect of the Hubbard interaction $U$ and the Hund's coupling $J_H$ in various real systems. A detailed description of the techniques can be found in the appendixes., Comment: PhD Thesis, 191 pages, Abstract and Conclusions in english and spanish, 3 detailed appendixes

Published
2019

3. Internal screening and dielectric engineering in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene

Author

Pizarro, J. M., Rösner, M., Thomale, R., Valentí, R., and Wehling, T. O.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (MA-tBLG) has appeared as a tunable testing ground to investigate the conspiracy of electronic interactions, band structure, and lattice degrees of freedom to yield exotic quantum many-body ground states in a two-dimensional Dirac material framework. While the impact of external parameters such as doping or magnetic field can be conveniently modified and analyzed, the all-surface nature of the quasi-2D electron gas combined with its intricate internal properties pose a challenging task to characterize the quintessential nature of the different insulating and superconducting states found in experiments. We analyze the interplay of internal screening and dielectric environment on the intrinsic electronic interaction profile of MA-tBLG. We find that interlayer coupling generically enhances the internal screening. The influence of the dielectric environment on the effective interaction strength depends decisively on the electronic state of MA-tBLG. Thus, we propose the experimental tailoring of the dielectric environment, e.g. by varying the capping layer composition and thickness, as a promising pursuit to provide further evidence for resolving the hidden nature of the quantum many-body states in MA-tBLG., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, supplemental material included (8 figures)

Published
2019
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5. The nature of correlations in the insulating states of twisted bilayer graphene

Author

Pizarro, J. M., Calderón, M. J., and Bascones, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

The recently observed superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene emerges from insulating states believed to arise from electronic correlations. While there have been many proposals to explain the insulating behaviour, the commensurability at which these states appear suggests that they are Mott insulators. Here we focus on the insulating states with $\pm 2$ electrons or holes with respect to the charge neutrality point. We show that the theoretical expectations for the Mott insulating states are not compatible with the experimentally observed dependence on temperature and magnetic field if, as frequently assumed, only the correlations between electrons on the same site are included. We argue that the inclusion of non-local (inter-site) correlations in the treatment of the Hubbard model can bring the predictions for the magnetic and temperature dependencies of the Mott transition to an agreement with experiments and have consequences for the critical interactions, the size of the gap, and possible pseudogap physics. The importance of the inter-site correlations to explain the experimental observations indicates that the observed insulating gap is not the one between the Hubbard bands and that antiferromagnetic-like correlations play a key role in the Mott transition., Comment: 8 pages (including appendix), 5 figures

Published
2018
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6. Strong electronic correlations and Fermi surface reconstruction in the quasi-one dimensional iron superconductor BaFe2S3

Author

Pizarro, J. M. and Bascones, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

BaFe2S3 is a special iron superconductor with two-leg ladder structure which can help to unravel the role played by the electronic correlations in high-Tc superconductivity. At zero pressure it is insulating with stripe antiferromagnetic (AF) order and superconductivity emerges under pressure. We use a slave-spin technique to analyze the strength of the local correlations in BaFe2S3. We find that at the pressure at which the superconductivity appears the electronic correlations in BaFe2S3 are similar to the ones measured in other iron superconductors. However, at zero pressure the strength of the correlations is strongly enhanced, being particularly severe for the two orbitals with the largest weight at the Fermi level what invalidates nesting as the mechanism for AF. The system is not a Mott insulator at zero temperature, but these two orbitals with mass enhancements m* ~ 12-15 will become incoherent at higher temperatures. Different from what happens in other iron superconductors, at both pressures, the Fermi surface is reconstructed by the electronic correlations., Comment: 5 pages including 4 multiple figures plus 3 pages of supplementary information which include three multiple figures

Published
2018
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7. Ambient air pollution, covert cerebrovascular disease and cognition: results from the ISSYS study.

Author

Ballvé, A., Pizarro, J., Maisterra, O., Riba‐Llena, I., Pujadas, F., Jiménez‐Balado, J., Palasi, A., Cirach, M., Turner, M. C., Sunyer, J., and Delgado, P.

Subjects
*CEREBRAL infarction, *AIR pollutants, *PARTICULATE matter, *AIR pollution, *CEREBROVASCULAR disease
Abstract

Background and purpose: Although air pollution (AP) has been associated with stroke and dementia, data regarding its relationship with covert cerebrovascular disease (cCVD) and cognition over time are sparse. The aim of this study was to explore these relationships. Methods: A prospective population‐based study of 976 stroke‐free and non‐demented individuals living in Barcelona, Spain, was conducted during 2010–2016. A land use regression model was used to estimate the exposure of each participant to AP: NOx, NO2, PM2.5, PM10, PMcoarse and PM2.5 absorbance. Cognitive function and cCVD were assessed at baseline (n = 976) and 4 years after (n = 317). Multivariate‐adjusted models were developed. Results: At baseline, 99 participants (10.1%) had covert brain infarcts and 91 (9.3%) had extensive periventricular white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Marked subcortical WMH progression was seen in 19.7%; the incidence of other covert cerebrovascular lessons ranged between 5% and 6% each. PM2.5 was related to higher odds of having a covert brain infarct (odds ratio [OR] 2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–4.60). PM2.5 absorbance was related to higher odds of having extensive subcortical WMHs (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.13–2.60), whereas NO2 was related to higher odds of having extensive subcortical (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.17–2.35) or periventricular (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.10–3.50) WMHs and to higher odds of developing marked subcortical WMH progression (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.05–1.90). NOx was related to incident cerebral microbleeds (OR 1.36; 95% CI 1.04–1.79). There was no association between AP and cognition. Conclusions: Air pollutant predicts the presence and accumulation of cCVD. Its impact on cognitive impairment remains to be determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Reconceiving the Biological Invasion of North American Beavers (Castor canadensis) in Southern Patagonia as a Socio-ecological Problem: Implications and Opportunities for Research and Management

Author

Anderson, Christopher B., Pizarro, J. Cristóbal, Valenzuela, Alejandro E. J., Ader, Natalia, Ballari, Sebastián, Cabalín, José Luis Cabello, Car, Valeria, Dicenta, Mara, Nielsen, Erik A., Roulier, Catherine, Van Aert, Peter, Jaksic, Fabián M., and Castro, Sergio A.

Published
2021
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10. Valoración de las fracciones de caseínas en leche de cabra Criolla y Saanen

Author

Dayenoff P, Pizarro J, Banus G, and Andrade-Montemayor H

Subjects
cabras criolla, cabras saanen, alfa-caseína, beta-caseína, kappa-caseína, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue contrastar los porcentajes de las diferentes fracciones de caseína en leche de cabras Criollas y Saanen. Para ellos se evaluaron 6 cabras adultas de cada raza de una gana-dería comercial, ubicada en la región semi-árida del centro oeste de Argentina. Las cabras se alimentaron en base a alfalfa y grano de maíz. Las muestras se colectaron por ordeño manual, tomando 100 cm3 por animal a los 15, 30 y 45 días post-parto. Para determinación de los porcentajes de alfa-caseína, beta-caseína y kappa-caseína, se utilizó el método de electroforesis vertical en gel de UREA-PAGE y las bandas se leyeron aplicando el método de semi-cuantificación con software ImageJ. Los resultados expusieron que en ambas razas los valores de alfa-caseína fueron en aumento, mientras los de beta y kappa-caseí-na disminuyeron a lo largo del muestreo. Asimismo, se encontró que alfa-caseína fue más elevada en leche de cabra Saanen, mientras que los porcentajes de beta y kappa-caseína fueron más elevada en leche de cabra Criolla, encontrando diferencia estadística significativa para alfa y beta-caseína en los tres momentos evaluados y en el caso de kappa-caseína solo en el muestreo de los 45 días. Se concluyó que la leche de cabra Criolla posee menor porcentaje de alfa-caseína que la leche de cabra Saanen, lo que la haría menos alergénica y posee un porcentaje más elevado de beta y kappa-caseína, situación que per-mitiría una coagulación rápida para la elaboración de quesos y una estabilidad y firmeza más elevado en los yogures.

Published
2021
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11. Strong correlations and the search for high-Tc superconductivity in chromium pnictides and chalcogenides

Author

Pizarro, J. M., Calderón, M. J., Liu, J., Muñoz, M. C., and Bascones, E.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Undoped iron superconductors accommodate $n=6$ electrons in five d-orbitals. Experimental and theoretical evidence shows that the strength of correlations increases with hole-doping, as the electronic filling approaches half-filling with $n=5$ electrons. This evidence delineates a scenario in which the parent compound of iron superconductors is the half-filled system, in analogy to cuprate superconductors. In cuprates the superconductivity can be induced upon electron or hole doping. In this work we propose to search for high-Tc superconductivity and strong correlations in chromium pnictides and chalcogenides with $n<5$ electrons. By means of ab-initio, slave spin and multi-orbital RPA calculations we analyse the strength of the correlations and the superconducting and magnetic instabilities in these systems with main focus on LaCrAsO. We find that electron-doped LaCrAsO is a strongly correlated system with competing magnetic interactions, being $(\pi,\pi)$ antiferromagnetism and nodal d-wave pairing the most plausible magnetic and superconducting instabilities, respectively., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures + supplementary information: 3 pages, 3 figures

Published
2016
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14. An Ultra-Wideband Dual Polarization Antenna Array for the Detection and Localization of Bright Fast Radio Transients in the Milky Way.

Author

Gallardo, D., Finger, R., Solis, F., Monasterio, D., Jorquera, S., Pizarro, J., Riquelme, J., Curotto, F., Pizarro, F., and Bronfman, L.

Subjects
ANTENNA arrays, ADAPTIVE antennas, ANTENNAS (Electronics), MILKY Way, ANTENNA design
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extraordinary astrophysical phenomena characterized by short radio pulses that last only a few milliseconds, yet their power can surpass that of 500 million suns. To date, most detected FRBs originate from beyond our galaxy. However, if an FRB were to originate within the Milky Way, it could be detected using small antennas. In this paper, we propose a compact and ad-hoc antenna array designed for the efficient detection and localization of FRBs within the Milky Way. The antenna operates within the 1200–1800 MHz range and consists of three sub-arrays placed in an L-shape for source localization, occupying a total volume of 8 0 × 2 5 × 6 cm 3 . Each sub-array consists of 4 miniaturized, dual-polarized, half-space radiation antenna elements, forming a one-dimensional array that allows shaping the radiation pattern to match the form of the Milky Way without exhibiting grating lobes. A prototype was constructed and characterized to validate the design. The measured results exhibit good agreement with the simulations. In addition to having a custom elongated radiation pattern, the array has attractive merits, such as low reflections at the input ports, high radiation efficiency, and a distribution that inhibits the existence of phase ambiguities, thus facilitating source localization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Listening to Elders

Author

Ibarra, José Tomás, primary, Barreau, Antonia, additional, Caviedes, Julián, additional, Pessa, Natalia, additional, Valenzuela, Jeannette, additional, Navarro-Manquilef, Sylvia, additional, Monterrubio-Solís, Constanza, additional, Ried, Andrés, additional, and Cristóbal Pizarro, J., additional

Published
2020
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27. Exploring the myths of coping with a national trauma: A longitudinal study of responses to the september 11th terrorist attacks

Author

Silver, RC, Poulin, M, Holman, EA, McIntosh, DN, Gilrivas, V, and Pizarro, J

Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science, Injury - Trauma - (Head and Spine), Clinical Research, Injury (total) Accidents/Adverse Effects, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Mental Health, Criminology, Psychology
Abstract

A longitudinal investigation of psychological responses to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks was conducted on a U.S. national probability sample. Using an anonymous Web-based survey methodology, data were collected among over 1, 900 adults at 2 weeks and 12 months post-9/11 to consider whether direct and proximal exposure were necessary preconditions for high levels of acute and posttraumatic stress symptoms, and whether greater exposure/proximity led to greater traumatic stress symptoms. Results suggest that the requirement of direct and proximal exposure to the attacks and the expectation of a dose-response relationship between exposure and traumatic stress response are myths. © 2005 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2005

28. Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries

Author

Work and Organizational Psychology: Occupational Health Psychology, Leerstoel Derks, Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, Olsson, M.I., van Grootel, S., Block, K., Schuster, C., Meeussen, L., van Laar, C., Schmader, T., Croft, A., Shuyi Sun, M., Ainsaar, M., Aarntzen, L., Adamus, M., Anderson, J., Atkinson, C., Avicenna, M., Bąbel, P., Barth, M., Benson-Greenwald, T.M., Maloku, E., Berent, J., Bergsieker, H.B., Biernat, M., Bîrneanu, A.G., Bodinaku, B., Bosak, J., Bosson, J., Branković, M., Burkauskas, J., Čavojová, V., Cheryan, S., Choi, E., Choi, I., Contreras-Ibáñez, C.C., Coogan, A., Danyliuk, I., Dar-Nimrod, I., Dasgupta, N., de Lemus, S., Devos, T., Diab, M., Diekman, A.B., Efremova, M., Eisner, L., Eller, A., Erentaite, R., Fedáková, D., Frank, R., Gartzia, L., Gavreliuc, A., Gavreliuc, D., Gecaite-Stonciene, J., Germano, A.L., Giovannelli, I., Gismondi Diaz, R., Gitikhmayeva, L., Menkir Gizaw, A., Gjoneska, B., Martínez González, O., González, R., Grijalva, I.D., Güngör, D., Gustafsson Sendén, M., Hall, W., Harb, C., Hassan, B., Hässler, T., Hawi, D.R., Henningsen, L., Hoppe, A., Ishii, K., Jakšić, I., Jasini, A., Jurkevičienė, J., Kelmendi, K., Kirby, T.A., Kitakaji, Y., Kosakowska-Berezecka, N., Kozytska, I., Kulich, C., Kundtová-Klocová, E., Kunuroglu, F., Lapytskaia Aidy, C., Lee, A., Lindqvist, A., López-López, W., Luzvinda, L., Maricchiolo, F., Martinot, D., McNamara, R.A., Meister, A., Melka, T.L., Mickuviene, N., Miranda-Orrego, M.I., Mkamwa, T., Morandini, J., Morton, T., Mrisho, D., Nikitin, J., Otten, S., Pacilli, M.G., Page-Gould, E., Perandrés, A., Pizarro, J., Pop-Jordanova, N., Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J., Quta, S., Ramis, T.S., Rani, N., Redersdorff, S., Régner, I., Renström, E.A., Rivera-Rodriguez, A., Rocha, S.T.E., Ryabichenko, T., Saab, R., Sakata, K., Samekin, A., Sánchez-Pachecho, T., Scheifele, C., Schulmeyer, M.K., Sczesny, S., Sirlopú, D., Smith-Castro, V., Soo, K., Spaccatini, F., Steele, J.R., Steffens, M.C., Sucic, I., Vandello, J., Velásquez-Díaz, L.M., Vink, M., Vives, E., Zalalam Warkineh, T., Žeželj, I., Zhang, X., Zhao, X., Martiny, S.E., Work and Organizational Psychology: Occupational Health Psychology, Leerstoel Derks, Social-cognitive and interpersonal determinants of behaviour, Olsson, M.I., van Grootel, S., Block, K., Schuster, C., Meeussen, L., van Laar, C., Schmader, T., Croft, A., Shuyi Sun, M., Ainsaar, M., Aarntzen, L., Adamus, M., Anderson, J., Atkinson, C., Avicenna, M., Bąbel, P., Barth, M., Benson-Greenwald, T.M., Maloku, E., Berent, J., Bergsieker, H.B., Biernat, M., Bîrneanu, A.G., Bodinaku, B., Bosak, J., Bosson, J., Branković, M., Burkauskas, J., Čavojová, V., Cheryan, S., Choi, E., Choi, I., Contreras-Ibáñez, C.C., Coogan, A., Danyliuk, I., Dar-Nimrod, I., Dasgupta, N., de Lemus, S., Devos, T., Diab, M., Diekman, A.B., Efremova, M., Eisner, L., Eller, A., Erentaite, R., Fedáková, D., Frank, R., Gartzia, L., Gavreliuc, A., Gavreliuc, D., Gecaite-Stonciene, J., Germano, A.L., Giovannelli, I., Gismondi Diaz, R., Gitikhmayeva, L., Menkir Gizaw, A., Gjoneska, B., Martínez González, O., González, R., Grijalva, I.D., Güngör, D., Gustafsson Sendén, M., Hall, W., Harb, C., Hassan, B., Hässler, T., Hawi, D.R., Henningsen, L., Hoppe, A., Ishii, K., Jakšić, I., Jasini, A., Jurkevičienė, J., Kelmendi, K., Kirby, T.A., Kitakaji, Y., Kosakowska-Berezecka, N., Kozytska, I., Kulich, C., Kundtová-Klocová, E., Kunuroglu, F., Lapytskaia Aidy, C., Lee, A., Lindqvist, A., López-López, W., Luzvinda, L., Maricchiolo, F., Martinot, D., McNamara, R.A., Meister, A., Melka, T.L., Mickuviene, N., Miranda-Orrego, M.I., Mkamwa, T., Morandini, J., Morton, T., Mrisho, D., Nikitin, J., Otten, S., Pacilli, M.G., Page-Gould, E., Perandrés, A., Pizarro, J., Pop-Jordanova, N., Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J., Quta, S., Ramis, T.S., Rani, N., Redersdorff, S., Régner, I., Renström, E.A., Rivera-Rodriguez, A., Rocha, S.T.E., Ryabichenko, T., Saab, R., Sakata, K., Samekin, A., Sánchez-Pachecho, T., Scheifele, C., Schulmeyer, M.K., Sczesny, S., Sirlopú, D., Smith-Castro, V., Soo, K., Spaccatini, F., Steele, J.R., Steffens, M.C., Sucic, I., Vandello, J., Velásquez-Díaz, L.M., Vink, M., Vives, E., Zalalam Warkineh, T., Žeželj, I., Zhang, X., Zhao, X., and Martiny, S.E.

Published
2023

31. Two genes coding for gonadal soma-derived factors act in early gametogenesis in European sea bass

Author

Mascoli, Alessia, Zapater, Cinta, Pizarro, J., Espigares, F., Zanuy, Silvia, Gómez Peris, A., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), and Generalitat Valenciana

Abstract

Trabajo presentado en 30th CECE & 9th ISFE Joint Conference of the European Society for Comparative Endocrinology and of the 9 International Society for Fish Endocrinology, celebrado en Faro (Portugal) del 04 al 08 de septiembre de 2022., Puberty is the developmental period during which an individual becomes sexually mature for the first time and its regulation is not completely known in teleosts. The gonadal soma-derived factor (Gsdf) gene was found to be downregulated in precocious testis of male European sea bass and proposed as an early gonadal marker of puberty. Gsdf is a member of the TGFbeta superfamily, it is found in tetrapods, excluding mammals, and it is apparently involved in the proliferation of type A spermatogonia. The genome of sea bass contains two gsdf duplicates, gsdf1 and gsdf2, whose encoded proteins share 87% identity and have gonad-specific expression.In the present study we aimed at characterizing the Gsdf genes of European sea bass. First, we have confirmed that expression of gsdf1 and gsdf2 decreases in testis of sea bass males that enter precocious puberty compared with their siblings that remain immature. To achieve this, prepuberal one-year -old male European sea bass of two different sizes (Small or Large) were sampled during the months corresponding to onset of gametogenesis in adults (August to November). The males from the Small groupdid not arrive to full spermiation and showed higher gsdf1 expression than the ones of the Large group during all the experiment, with significant differences in August and October. Most of the animals of the Large group spermiated the next winter. In adult males, gsdf1 showed maximum expression levels in premeiotic (immature) testis, that decreased as spermatogenesis progressed. The expression of gsdf2 followed the same trend but was 5-fold lower. This expression profile matched with the presence of Gsdf protein in testis extracts, and with its location in Sertoli cells surrounding type A spermatogonia, as revealed by IHC with a species-specific antibody.In adult female ovaries, mRNAs from gsdf1 and gsdf2 are present to a much lower level than in testis, and the highest levels correspond to gsdf2 in post-ovulatory ovaries and also in isolated follicular cells. In fact, Gsdf1/2 was located in follicular cells surrounding previtellogenic oocytes. The sea bass gsdf1 and gsdf2 genes are located in the same chromosome, and their coding sequences are placed in different strands and transcription directions. The functional data obtained so far point to common regulatory elements for both genes, but also to a sex-specific regulation for gsdf1 and gsdf2 connected to males and females respectively., Funded by Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and EU-FEDER through grant RTI2018-094667-B-C22. A.M. is supported by a PhD contract from GV (GRISOLIAP/2020/129).

Published
2022

34. Embarazo en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: no solo 9 meses de cuidado

Author

Eduardo Sepúlveda S, Patricio Ibáñez L, Gonzalo Pizarro J, Rodrigo Quera P, and Paulina Núñez F

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pregnancy, Proctocolectomy, Vaginal delivery, Obstetrics, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Complete remission, General Medicine, Anastomosis, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, medicine.disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, digestive system diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Colitis, Risk factor, business, Quality of Health Care
Abstract

The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increased in the last decades. Thus, the number of pregnant women with the condition is also increasing. Given that active disease itself is the main risk factor for complications during pregnancy, it is necessary to achieve a complete remission before planning a pregnancy. Also, pregnant women with IBD must be monitored noninvasively and be treated proactively, including escalated therapies, if needed, to prevent potential flares during pregnancy. Patients can undergo vaginal delivery in most forms of IBD. However, cesarean delivery is still preferable in women with a history of ileal pouch-anal anastomoses (IPAA) or active perianal disease.

Published
2020

36. Pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers

Author

Wilkinson, JL, Boxall, ABA, Kolpin, DW, Leung, KMY, Lai, RWS, Galban-Malag, C, Adell, AD, Mondon, Julie, Metian, M, Marchant, RA, Bouzas-Monroy, A, Cuni-Sanchez, A, Coors, A, Carriquiriborde, P, Rojo, M, Gordon, C, Cara, M, Moermond, M, Luarte, T, Petrosyan, V, Perikhanyan, Y, Mahon, CS, McGurk, CJ, Hofmann, T, Kormoker, T, Iniguez, V, Guzman-Otazo, J, Tavares, JL, de Figueiredo, FG, Razzolini, MTP, Dougnon, V, Gbaguidi, G, Traore, O, Blais, JM, Kimpe, LE, Wong, M, Wong, D, Ntchantcho, R, Pizarro, J, Ying, GG, Chen, CE, Paez, M, Martınez-Lara, J, Otamonga, JP, Pote, J, Ifo, SA, Wilson, P, Echeverrıa-Saenz, S, Udikovic-Kolic, N, Milakovic, M, Fatta-Kassinos, D, Ioannou-Ttofa, L, Belusova, V, Vymazal, J, Cardenas-Bustamante, M, Kassa, BA, Garric, J, Chaumot, A, Gibba, P, Kunchulia, I, Seidensticker, S, Lyberatos, G, Halldorsson, HP, Melling, M, Shashidhar, T, Lamba, M, Nastiti, A, Supriatin, A, Pourang, N, Abedini, A, Abdullah, O, Gharbia, SS, Pilla, F, Chefetz, B, Topaz, T, Yao, KM, Aubakirova, B, Beisenova, R, Olaka, L, Mulu, JK, Chatanga, P, Ntuli, V, Blama, NT, Sherif, S, Aris, AZ, Looi, LJ, Niang, M, Traore, ST, Oldenkamp, R, Ogunbanwo, O, Ashfaq, M, Iqbal, M, Abdeen, Z, O'Dea, A, Morales-Saldaña, JM, Custodio, M, de la Cruz, H, Navarrete, I, Carvalho, F, Gogra, AB, Wilkinson, JL, Boxall, ABA, Kolpin, DW, Leung, KMY, Lai, RWS, Galban-Malag, C, Adell, AD, Mondon, Julie, Metian, M, Marchant, RA, Bouzas-Monroy, A, Cuni-Sanchez, A, Coors, A, Carriquiriborde, P, Rojo, M, Gordon, C, Cara, M, Moermond, M, Luarte, T, Petrosyan, V, Perikhanyan, Y, Mahon, CS, McGurk, CJ, Hofmann, T, Kormoker, T, Iniguez, V, Guzman-Otazo, J, Tavares, JL, de Figueiredo, FG, Razzolini, MTP, Dougnon, V, Gbaguidi, G, Traore, O, Blais, JM, Kimpe, LE, Wong, M, Wong, D, Ntchantcho, R, Pizarro, J, Ying, GG, Chen, CE, Paez, M, Martınez-Lara, J, Otamonga, JP, Pote, J, Ifo, SA, Wilson, P, Echeverrıa-Saenz, S, Udikovic-Kolic, N, Milakovic, M, Fatta-Kassinos, D, Ioannou-Ttofa, L, Belusova, V, Vymazal, J, Cardenas-Bustamante, M, Kassa, BA, Garric, J, Chaumot, A, Gibba, P, Kunchulia, I, Seidensticker, S, Lyberatos, G, Halldorsson, HP, Melling, M, Shashidhar, T, Lamba, M, Nastiti, A, Supriatin, A, Pourang, N, Abedini, A, Abdullah, O, Gharbia, SS, Pilla, F, Chefetz, B, Topaz, T, Yao, KM, Aubakirova, B, Beisenova, R, Olaka, L, Mulu, JK, Chatanga, P, Ntuli, V, Blama, NT, Sherif, S, Aris, AZ, Looi, LJ, Niang, M, Traore, ST, Oldenkamp, R, Ogunbanwo, O, Ashfaq, M, Iqbal, M, Abdeen, Z, O'Dea, A, Morales-Saldaña, JM, Custodio, M, de la Cruz, H, Navarrete, I, Carvalho, F, and Gogra, AB

Abstract

Significance Despite growing evidence of the deleterious effects on ecological and human health, little is known regarding the global occurrence of pharmaceuticals in rivers. Studies assessing their occurrence are available for 75 of 196 countries, with most research conducted in North America and Western Europe. This leaves large geographical regions relatively unstudied. Here, we present the findings of a global reconnaissance of pharmaceutical pollution in rivers. The study monitored 1,052 sampling sites along 258 rivers in 104 countries of all continents, thus representing the pharmaceutical fingerprint of 471.4 million people. We show that the presence of these contaminants in surface water poses a threat to environmental and/or human health in more than a quarter of the studied locations globally.

Published
2022

38. Two genes coding for gonadal soma-derived factors act in early gametogenesis in European sea bass

Author

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Mascoli, Alessia, Zapater, Cinta, Pizarro, J., Espigares, F., Zanuy, Silvia, Gómez Peris, A., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat Valenciana, Mascoli, Alessia, Zapater, Cinta, Pizarro, J., Espigares, F., Zanuy, Silvia, and Gómez Peris, A.

Abstract

Puberty is the developmental period during which an individual becomes sexually mature for the first time and its regulation is not completely known in teleosts. The gonadal soma-derived factor (Gsdf) gene was found to be downregulated in precocious testis of male European sea bass and proposed as an early gonadal marker of puberty. Gsdf is a member of the TGFbeta superfamily, it is found in tetrapods, excluding mammals, and it is apparently involved in the proliferation of type A spermatogonia. The genome of sea bass contains two gsdf duplicates, gsdf1 and gsdf2, whose encoded proteins share 87% identity and have gonad-specific expression.In the present study we aimed at characterizing the Gsdf genes of European sea bass. First, we have confirmed that expression of gsdf1 and gsdf2 decreases in testis of sea bass males that enter precocious puberty compared with their siblings that remain immature. To achieve this, prepuberal one-year -old male European sea bass of two different sizes (Small or Large) were sampled during the months corresponding to onset of gametogenesis in adults (August to November). The males from the Small groupdid not arrive to full spermiation and showed higher gsdf1 expression than the ones of the Large group during all the experiment, with significant differences in August and October. Most of the animals of the Large group spermiated the next winter. In adult males, gsdf1 showed maximum expression levels in premeiotic (immature) testis, that decreased as spermatogenesis progressed. The expression of gsdf2 followed the same trend but was 5-fold lower. This expression profile matched with the presence of Gsdf protein in testis extracts, and with its location in Sertoli cells surrounding type A spermatogonia, as revealed by IHC with a species-specific antibody.In adult female ovaries, mRNAs from gsdf1 and gsdf2 are present to a much lower level than in testis, and the highest levels correspond to gsdf2 in post-ovulatory ovaries and also in iso

Published
2022

39. Escuchando a los abuelos: transdisciplina, aves y gente para cultivar la memoria biocultural

Author

Ibarra, José Tomás, Caviedes, Julián, Barreau, Antonia, Pessa, Natalia, Valenzuela, Jeannette, Navarro Manquelef, Silvia, Pizarro, J. Cristóbal, Ibarra, José Tomás, Caviedes, Julián, Barreau, Antonia, Pessa, Natalia, Valenzuela, Jeannette, Navarro Manquelef, Silvia, and Pizarro, J. Cristóbal

Abstract

This article presents an initiative and proposes a transdisciplinary methodology to cultivate biocultural memory based on the processes of participation and materialization in (educational) communities-of-practice. We implemented the project "Listening to elders" that sought to facilitate intergenerational dialogues in three mapuche schools (with approximately 90 children) in Wallmapu, Chile. Listening to elders used birds as the basis of constructing local narratives about the territory. We cocreated a 5-Step cycle to promote participation and materialization. The children participated in an abstraction exercise to give meaning to the narratives they constructed themselves to create positive memes involving birds. These memes were communicated within and beyond their communities. The authors conclude that the experiences of elders must be honored in communities to counter the current dynamic involving the extinction of biocultural experience., Apresentamos uma iniciativa e propomos uma metodologia transdisciplinar para o cultivo da memória biocultural, baseada nos processos de participação e materialização, em comunidades de prática (educacionais). Apresentamos o projeto «Escutando os avós» que buscou facilitar o diálogo intergeracional em três escolas mapuche (~ 90 crianças) em Wallmapu, Chile. «Ouvir os avós» usou os pássaros como base para as narrativas locais sobre o território. Co-criamos um ciclo de cinco passos para promover a participação e materialização. As crianças desenvolveram um exercício de abs-tração para dar sentido às narrativas que elas próprias coletaram para criar memes positivos sobre pássaros. Esses memes foram comunicados dentro e fora de suas comunidades. Concluímos que a experiência dos avós deve ser honrada para conter a atual extinção da experiência biocultural., Presentamos una iniciativa y proponemos una metodología transdisciplinaria para cultivar la memoria biocultural, basada en los procesos de participación y materialización en comunidades de práctica (educativas). Presentamos el proyecto «Escuchando a los abuelos», que buscó facilitar diálogos intergeneracionales en tres escuelas mapuche (~ 90 niños y niñas) en Wallmapu, Chile. «Escuchando a los abuelos» utilizó a las aves como protagonistas de narrativas locales sobre el territorio. Cocreamos un ciclo de cinco pasos para promover la participación y la materialización. Los niños y niñas desarrollaron un ejercicio de abstracción para dar significado a las narrativas que ellos mismos recopilaron para crear memes positivos sobre las aves. Estos memes fueron comunicados dentro y más allá de sus comunidades. Concluimos que la experiencia de los abuelos debe ser honrada para contrarrestar la actual extinción de la experiencia biocultural.

Published
2022

41. Caracteres preimaginales y aspectos bionómicos de Gyriosomus luczotii Laporte, 1840 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

Author

Jerez, V., Cepeda–Pizarro, J., and Alfaro, F. M.

Subjects
Tenebrionidae, Gyriosomus, Morphology, Preimaginal stages, Coastal desert, Chile, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

We describe the morphology and microstructure of the egg chorion, and the morphology of the first instar larva of Gyriosomus luczotii Laporte, 1840 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Nycteliini). Bionomical and distributional data on this species are also provided. To obtain eggs and larvae, couples were collected in the field and kept in rearing cages until oviposture and ecclosion. The structure and adornment of the egg exochorion, and the exterior morphological features of larvae were examined with electron scanning microscopy. The eggs of G. luczotii showed a rounded micropyle and a smooth exochorion, composed of hexagonal cells without aeropyles. The larvae of G. luczotii showed morphological characteristics suited for an edaphic life similar to that of Pedobionta: digging prothoracic legs, cephalic capsule with abundant sensilla, and well–developed pygopodium. We analysed the importance of larval morphology as an element for specific diagnosis and found that interspecific differences regarding frontal sensilla, clypeus shape, and anterior part of labrum, had a taxonomic value and possibly a phylogenetic value.

Published
2011

47. Escuchando a los abuelos: transdisciplina, aves y gente para cultivar la memoria biocultural.

Author

Tomás Ibarra, José, Caviedes, Julián, Barreau, Antonia, Pessa, Natalia, Valenzuela, Jeannette, Navarro-Manquelef, Silvia, and Pizarro, J. Cristóbal

Subjects
MAPUCHE (South American people), GRANDPARENTS, MEMES, COMMUNITIES of practice, GRANDPARENT-grandchild relationships, ENVIRONMENTAL education, AFFECT (Psychology)
Abstract

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud is the property of Centro de Estudiso Avanzados en Ninez y Juventud alaianza Cinde, Universidad de Manizales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2022
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49. Sex-specific subfunctionalization of gsdf duplicates in early gametogenesis of sea bass

Author

Mascoli, Alessia, Zapater, Cinta, Pizarro, J., Crespo, Berta, Gómez Peris, A., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), and Generalitat Valenciana

Abstract

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el XIII Congress of the Iberian Association of Comparative Endocrinology, celebrado en modalidad virtual del 16 al 17 de septiembre de 2021., Puberty is the developmental period during which an individual becomes sexually mature for the first time and its regulation is not completely known in teleosts. The gonadal soma-derived factor (Gsdf) was found to be downregulated in precocious testis of male European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and proposed as an early gonadal marker of puberty. The genome of sea bass contains two gsdf duplicates, gsdf1 and gsdf2, whose encoded proteins share 87% identity and have gonad-specific expression. In the present study, we have confirmed that expression of gsdf1 and gsdf2 decreases in testis of 1-year old sea bass males that enter precocious puberty compared with their siblings that remained immature. In adult males, gsdf genes showed high expression levels only in premeiotic testis, and gsdf2 expression was 5-fold lower than that of gsdf1. This expression profile matched with the presence of Gsdf protein in testis extracts, and with its location in Sertoli cells surrounding type A spermatogonia. In adult females, gsdf1 and gsdf2 are expressed to a much lower level than in testis, and the highest expression found corresponds to gsdf2 in post-ovulatory ovaries and also in isolated follicular cells. Indeed, the protein was located in follicular cells surrounding previtellogenic oocytes. To functionally characterize this gonadal factor, a sea bass recombinant Gsdf has been produced in CHO cells, exhibiting the same size as the native protein. Sea bass gsdf1 and gsdf2 are located in the same chromosome, and their coding sequences are placed in different strands and transcription directions. The functional data obtained so far point to common regulatory elements for both genes, but also a sex-specific regulation for gsdf1 and gsdf2 connected to males and females respectively, Funded by MICINN grant RTI2018-094667-B-C22. AM is supported by a PhD contract from GV (GRISOLIAP/2020/129)

Published
2021

50. From the Design to the In Vivo Evaluation of Benzohomoadamantane-Derived Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis

Author

Codony S, Calvó-Tusell C, Valverde E, Osuna S, Morisseau C, Loza MI, Brea J, Pérez C, Rodríguez-Franco MI, Pizarro J, Corpas R, Griñán-Ferré C, Pallàs M, Sanfeliu C, Vazquez M, Hammock BD, Feixas F, and Vázquez S

Abstract

The pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is efficient for the treatment of inflammatory and pain-related diseases. Numerous potent sEH inhibitors (sEHIs) present adamantyl or phenyl moieties, such as the clinical candidates AR9281 or EC5026. Herein, in a new series of sEHIs, these hydrophobic moieties have been merged in a benzohomoadamantane scaffold. Most of the new sEHIs have excellent inhibitory activities against sEH. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the addition of an aromatic ring into the adamantane scaffold produced conformational rearrangements in the enzyme to stabilize the aromatic ring of the benzohomoadamantane core. A screening cascade permitted us to select a candidate for an in vivo efficacy study in a murine model of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis. The administration of 22 improved the health status of the animals and reduced pancreatic damage, demonstrating that the benzohomoadamantane unit is a promising scaffold for the design of novel sEHIs.

Published
2021

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