58 results on '"Piyush, Garg"'
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2. Generative Data Assimilation of Sparse Weather Station Observations at Kilometer Scales.
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Peter Manshausen, Yair Cohen, Jaideep Pathak, Mike Pritchard, Piyush Garg, Morteza Mardani, Karthik Kashinath, Simon Byrne, and Noah D. Brenowitz
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- 2024
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3. DiffObs: Generative Diffusion for Global Forecasting of Satellite Observations.
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Jason Stock, Jaideep Pathak, Yair Cohen, Mike Pritchard, Piyush Garg, Dale R. Durran, Morteza Mardani, and Noah D. Brenowitz
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- 2024
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4. Effect of breathing exercises on blood pressure and heart rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Piyush Garg, Ayushi Mendiratta, Akshat Banga, Anna Bucharles, Maria Victoria Ferreira Piccoli, Balakrishnan Kamaraj, Rakhtan K. Qasba, Vikas Bansal, Jayaraman Thimmapuram, Robert Pargament, and Rahul Kashyap
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Breathing exercises ,Hypertension ,Pranayam ,Blood pressure ,Systematic review ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Breathing exercises have been reported to have positive physiological effects on the body. The incidence of hypertension has become a major risk factor for cardiac complications leading to higher morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the effect of breathing exercises on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis analyzing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) about the effect of breathing exercises on blood pressure was conducted (PROSPERO Registration ID: CRD42022316413). PubMed, ScienceDirect, WebofScience, and Cochrane Library databases were screened for RCTs from January 2017 to September 2022. The main search terms included “breathing exercise”, “Pranayam”, “Bhramari”, “alternate nostril breathing”, “deep breathing”, “slow breathing”, “hypertension”, and “high blood pressure”. The primary outcome was the value of the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after the intervention. The effect on heart rate was also analyzed as a secondary outcome. Results: A total of 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Breathing exercises have a modest but significant effect on decreasing systolic blood pressure (−7.06 [-10.20, −3.92], P =
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- 2024
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5. ViSHWaS: Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems—a global survey
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Faisal Nawaz, Daniel Martin Simadibrata, Vikas Bansal, Ramesh Adhikari, Mariam Elsaban, Rahul Kashyap, Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee, Jorge Salluh, Hassan Dawood Alli, Joanna Lee, Dattatreya Mukherjee, Tanja Kovačević, Mohammad Yasir Essar, Christos Tsagkaris, Genesis Camacho-Leon, Faizan Ahmad, Akshat Banga, Hans Mautong, Razan Alamoudi, Umme Habiba Faisal, Gaurang Bhatt, Tanya Amal, Ayushi Mendiratta, Bhaswanth Bollu, L V Simhachalam Kutikuppala, Ivan Huespe, Aisha Khalid, Mohammed Amir Rais, Alisha Lakhani, Piyush Garg, Harsha Pattnaik, Raghu Gandhi, Ramesh Pandit, Pierre Ciza N, Nimsi Barrios, Kelly Meza, Susan Okonkwo, Amuza Dhabuliwo, Hafeez Hamza, Arash Nemat, Anne Kampa, Rakhtan K Qasba, Pranjal Sharma, Taru Dutt, Pratikkumar Vekaria, Faisal A Nawaz, Salim Surani, Divya Randhawa, Rakhtan Qasba, Trupti Pandit, Ayesha Khalid, Ravina Verma, Kush Shah, John Counsell, Naresh Dasari, Melissa Schlenker, Raghavendra Tirupathi, Gowthami Sai Jagirdhar, Nancy Nagib, Benjamin Schlenker, Taha Mansoor, N Pierre Ciza, Leydi Del Lema, Susan Sheila, Bello Saifullah Muhammad, Barakat Kolawole, L V Kutikuppala, Keidy Zamora, Bikona Ghosh, Sama Soliman, Zainab Ayoob, Lina Almahmoud, Dohha Mohammed, Oyindamola Obadare, Era Mae Ramirez, Kalloush Shahed, Mohammed Yasir Essar, Sarya Swed, Temaa Alklani, Ishimwe Florent, Goodluck Nchasi, Daren Poh How, Mohamed Elfagieh, Moath Almekhlafi, Reshon Hadmon, Anasonye Emmanuel, Yosra Magdi Makki, Rodrigue Ndabashinze, Hussein Dawoud, Dimitrios Kantas, Daniella Myriam Pierre, Zeynep Pelin Orhan, Usama Oguz, Hedys Selene Mogollón, Ramesha Remy, Marija Vukoja, Srdjan Gavrilovic, Alicja Rydzewska Rosolowska, Umme Faisal, Franz Lopez, Salem Ramirez, Lisdamys Morera Gonzalez, Mohammed Alkawak, Marco Antonio Villar, Kelly Maza, Shehu Bledi, and Jonida Naska
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Objective To provide insights into the nature, risk factors, impact and existing measures for reporting and preventing violence in the healthcare system. The under-reporting of violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) globally highlights the need for increased public awareness and education.Methods The Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems study used a survey questionnaire created using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) forms and distributed from 6 June to 9 August 2022. Logistic regression analysis evaluated violence predictors, including gender, age, years of experience, institution type, respondent profession and night shift frequency. A χ2 test was performed to determine the association between gender and different violence forms.Results A total of 5405 responses from 79 countries were analysed. India, the USA and Venezuela were the top three contributors. Female respondents comprised 53%. The majority (45%) fell within the 26–35 age group. Medical students (21%), consultants (20%), residents/fellows (15%) and nurses (10%) constituted highest responders. Nearly 55% HCWs reported firsthand violence experience, and 16% reported violence against their colleagues. Perpetrators were identified as patients or family members in over 50% of cases, while supervisor-incited violence accounted for 16%. Around 80% stated that violence incidence either remained constant or increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among HCWs who experienced violence, 55% felt less motivated or more dissatisfied with their jobs afterward, and 25% expressed willingness to quit. Univariate analysis revealed that HCWs aged 26–65 years, nurses, physicians, ancillary staff, those working in public settings, with >1 year of experience, and frequent night shift workers were at significantly higher risk of experiencing violence. These results remained significant in multivariate analysis, except for the 55–65 age group, which lost statistical significance.Conclusion This global cross-sectional study highlights that a majority of HCWs have experienced violence, and the incidence either increased or remained the same during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in decreased job satisfaction.
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- 2023
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6. Carbon Quantum Dots for Stem Cell Imaging and Deciding the Fate of Stem Cell Differentiation
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Misba Majood, Piyush Garg, Radhika Chaurasia, Aakanksha Agarwal, Sujata Mohanty, and Monalisa Mukherjee
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2022
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7. A Rapid Screening Platform for Simultaneous Evaluation of Biodegradation and Therapeutic Release of an Ocular Hydrogel
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Brandon Ho, Chau-Minh Phan, Piyush Garg, Parvin Shokrollahi, and Lyndon Jones
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millifluidics ,image analysis ,biodegradation ,hydrogels ,ocular drug delivery ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
This study attempts to address the challenge of accurately measuring the degradation of biodegradable hydrogels, which are frequently employed in drug delivery for controlled and sustained release. The traditional method utilizes a mass-loss approach, which is cumbersome and time consuming. The aim of this study was to develop an innovative screening platform using a millifluidic device coupled with automated image analysis to measure the degradation of Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and the subsequent release of an entrapped wetting agent, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Gel samples were placed within circular wells on a custom millifluidic chip and stained with a red dye for enhanced visualization. A camera module captured time-lapse images of the gels throughout their degradation. An image-analysis algorithm was used to translate the image data into degradation rates. Simultaneously, the eluate from the chip was collected to quantify the amount of GelMA degraded and PVA released at various time points. The visual method was validated by comparing it with the mass-loss approach (R = 0.91), as well as the amount of GelMA eluted (R = 0.97). The degradation of the GelMA gels was also facilitated with matrix metalloproteinases 9. Notably, as the gels degraded, there was an increase in the amount of PVA released. Overall, these results support the use of the screening platform to assess hydrogel degradation and the subsequent release of entrapped therapeutic compounds.
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- 2023
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8. Bartter Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
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Rakhtan K. Qasba, Anna Carolina Flumignan Bucharles, Maria Victoria Ferreira Piccoli, Pranjal Sharma, Akshat Banga, Balakrishnan Kamaraj, Faisal A. Nawaz, Harshadayani Jagadish Kumar, Mahika Afrin Happy, Ruman K. Qasba, Gowthami Sai Kogilathota Jagirdhar, Mohammad Yasir Essar, Piyush Garg, Shiva Teja Reddy, Kaanthi Rama, Salim Surani, and Rahul Kashyap
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Bartter syndrome ,salt-losing tubulopathies ,autosomal-recessive tubulopathies ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Bartter syndrome (BS) is a rare group of autosomal-recessive disorders that usually presents with hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, occasionally with hyponatremia and hypochloremia. The clinical presentation of BS is heterogeneous, with a wide variety of genetic variants. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the available literature and provide an overview of the case reports and case series on BS. Materials and Methods: Case reports/series published from April 2012 to April 2022 were searched through Pubmed, JSTOR, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ. Subsequently, the information was extracted in order to characterize the clinical presentation, laboratory results, treatment options, and follow-up of the patients with BS. Results: Overall, 118 patients, 48 case reports, and 9 case series (n = 70) were identified. Out of these, the majority of patients were male (n = 68). A total of 21 patients were born from consanguineous marriages. Most cases were reported from Asia (73.72%) and Europe (15.25%). In total, 100 BS patients displayed the genetic variants, with most of these being reported as Type III (n = 59), followed by Type II (n = 19), Type I (n = 14), Type IV (n = 7), and only 1 as Type V. The most common symptoms included polyuria, polydipsia, vomiting, and dehydration. Some of the commonly used treatments were indomethacin, potassium chloride supplements, and spironolactone. The length of the follow-up time varied from 1 month to 14 years. Conclusions: Our systematic review was able to summarize the clinical characteristics, presentation, and treatment plans of BS patients. The findings from this review can be effectively applied in the diagnosis and patient management of individuals with BS, rendering it a valuable resource for nephrologists in their routine clinical practice.
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- 2023
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9. A Study of Neonatal Septicaemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital
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Piyush Garg and M.G. Usha
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neonatal septicemia ,blood culture ,esbl producers. ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common cause of death among neonates in the developing countries. Neonatal infections are estimated to cause 1.6 million deaths every year all over the world and 40 % of deaths occurring in the developing countries like India. To determine the bacteriological profile and antibiogram in neonatal septicemia cases. 99 different neonates, clinically diagnosed were included. Blood specimens for culture were drawn. Bacteria was identified, antibiogram was determined and ESBL test was done Out of 99 clinically suspected cases, 44 cases were culture positive whereas 55 were culture negative. Gram positive bacteria were the most common isolates (68.18%) followed by gram negative bacteria (31.82%). Among the Gram positive bacteria, MRCONS (50%) was the most common followed by MRSA (%). Among gram negative bacteria, Klebsiella (11.36%) was the most common followed by acinetobacter (9.09%), E.coli and Pseudomonas. 93.18% of the cases were EOS whereas 6.82% cases were LOS.92% of CONS were sensitive to linezolid, 84% to chloramphenicol, and 68% to amikacin. All isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to linezolid and chloramphenicol. Most of the Gram negative bacteria were resistant to the most commonly used antibiotics.64.28% of Gram negative bacilli were ESBL producers of which Klebsiella was the commonest (44.44%). The increasing spread of different bacteria differing in resistance patterns demands for evidence based practice in neonatal septicemia.
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- 2018
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10. Geo-based recommendation system utilising geo tagging and K-means clustering
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Amar Shukla, Tanupriya Choudhury, Nehit Benara, Piyush Garg, Aditya Tiwari, and Jung-Sup Um
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Artificial Intelligence ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Computer Science Applications - Published
- 2022
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11. Identifying and Characterizing Tropical Oceanic Mesoscale Cold Pools using Spaceborne Scatterometer Winds
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Piyush Garg, Stephen W. Nesbitt, Timothy J. Lang, George Priftis, Themis Chronis, Jeffrey D. Thayer, and Deanna A. Hence
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- 2020
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12. Algal Biomass-Loaded Hydrogel Scaffolds as a Biomimetic Platform with Antibacterial and Wound Healing Activities
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Aakanksha Agarwal, Arun Kumar, Piyush Garg, Arnab Chakraborty, Ranjan Verma, Maryam Sarwat, Ajay Gupta, Pijus K. Sasmal, Yogesh Kumar Verma, Chiranjit Chowdhury, and Monalisa Mukherjee
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Polymers and Plastics ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Organic Chemistry - Published
- 2022
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13. Evaluating the Detection of Mesoscale Outflow Boundaries Using Scatterometer Winds at Different Spatial Resolutions.
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Georgios Priftis, Timothy J. Lang, Piyush Garg, Stephen W. Nesbitt, Richard D. Lindsley, and Themistoklis Chronis
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- 2021
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14. Measuring Transverse Displacements Using Unmanned Aerial Systems Laser Doppler Vibrometer (UAS-LDV): Development and Field Validation.
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Piyush Garg, Roya Nasimi, Ali Ozdagli, Su Zhang 0003, David Dennis Lee Mascarenas, Mahmoud Reda Taha, and Fernando Moreu
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- 2020
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15. Analysis of cryptographic encryption algorithm design to Secure IoT Devices: A review
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Piyush Garg and Dileep Kumar Singh
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business.industry ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cryptography ,Current period ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,Encryption ,Secrecy ,Internet of Things ,business ,Function (engineering) ,computer ,media_common - Abstract
The Internet of Things is becoming more popular as the current period develops rapidly. It enables different things, such household appliances communicating with one other, automobile components communicating with each other, and more. IOT has a crucial function in making homes smart or automating industry. Due to its computational limits, IOT lags behind in security. IOT security is a serious concern today. This paper presents all the reasons IOT security is important, what the newest research is being done to maintain secrecy of the data in IOT, and a detailed comparison and discussion on algorithms for IOT secrecy.
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- 2022
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16. Correction: Geo-based recommendation system utilising geo tagging and K-means clustering
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Amar Shukla, Tanupriya Choudhury, Nehit Benara, Piyush Garg, Aditya Tiwari, and Jung-Sup Um
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Artificial Intelligence ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Computer Science Applications - Published
- 2023
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17. Performance Analysis and Optimization of Cross Platform Application Development Using React Native
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Piyush Garg, Babita Yadav, Sachin Gupta, and Bhoomi Gupta
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- 2023
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18. Diurnal Cycle of Tropical Oceanic Mesoscale Cold Pools
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Timothy J. Lang, Piyush Garg, George Priftis, and Stephen W. Nesbitt
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Atmospheric Science ,Diurnal cycle ,Climatology ,fungi ,Mesoscale meteorology ,Environmental science - Abstract
Tropical convection regimes range from deep organized to shallow convective systems. Mesoscale processes such as cold pools within tropical convective systems can play a significant role in the evolution of convection over land and open ocean. Although cold pools are widely observed, their diurnal properties are not well understood over tropical oceans and land. The oceanic cold pool identification metric applied herein uses the gradient feature (GF) technique and is compared with diurnally-resolved buoy-identified thermal cold pools. This study provides a first-ever diurnal climatology of GF number, area, and attributed TRMM 3B42 precipitation using a space-borne scatterometer (RapidScat). Buoy data over the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean have been used to validate and examine the RapidScat-identified diurnal cycle of GF number and precipitation. Buoy-observed cold pool duration, precipitation, temperature, and wind speed is analyzed to understand the in situ cold pool properties over tropical oceans. GF- and buoy-observed cold pool number and precipitation exhibits a similar bimodal diurnal variability with a morning and afternoon maxima, thus establishing confidence in using GF as a proxy to observe cold pools over tropical oceans. The morning peak is attributed to cold pools associated with deep moist convection while the afternoon peak is related to shallower clouds in relatively drier environments resulting in smaller cold pools over global tropical oceans.
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- 2021
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19. Emergency Reconstruction of Failed Pipes
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Rasko Ojdrovic and Piyush Garg
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- 2022
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20. Combined Polarimetric Doppler Radar and Satellite Scatterometer Observations of Organized Convection Near Coastal Regions
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Lang, Timothy, Priftis, George, Themis, Chronis, Piyush, Garg, and Nesbitt, Steve
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Oceanography ,Earth Resources And Remote Sensing - Published
- 2017
21. Using CYGNSS to Investigate Relationships Between Wind-Driven Surface Fluxes and Tropical Oceanic Convection
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Lang, Timothy J, Roberts, J. Brent, Mecikalski, John, Xuanli, Li, Kacie, Hoover, Themis, Chronis, Posselt, Derek, Piyush, Garg, and Nesbitt, Stephen
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Meteorology And Climatology - Published
- 2017
22. Inertio–elastic instability of a vortex column
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Anubhab Roy, Piyush Garg, Jumpal Shashikiran Reddy, and Ganesh Subramanian
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Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Mechanics of Materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
We analyse the instability of a vortex column in a dilute polymer solution at large ${{Re}}$ and ${{De}}$ with ${{El}} = {{De}}/{{Re}}$ , the elasticity number, being finite. Here, ${{Re}} = \varOmega _0 a^2/\nu$ and ${{De}} = \varOmega _0 \tau$ are, respectively, the Reynolds and Deborah numbers based on the core angular velocity ( $\varOmega _0$ ), the radius of the column ( $a$ ), the total (solvent plus polymer) kinematic viscosity ( $\nu = (\mu _s +\mu _p)/\rho$ with $\mu _s$ and $\mu _p$ being the solvent and polymer contributions to the viscosity) and the polymeric relaxation time ( $\tau$ ). The stability of small-amplitude perturbations in this distinguished limit is governed by the elastic Rayleigh equation whose spectrum is parameterized by ${E} = {{El}}(1-\beta )$ , $\beta$ being the ratio of the solvent to the solution viscosity. The neglect of the relaxation terms, in the said limit, implies that the polymer solution supports undamped elastic shear waves propagating relative to the base-state flow. Unlike the neutrally stable inviscid case, an instability of the vortex column arises for finite ${E}$ due to a pair of elastic shear waves being driven into a resonant interaction under the differential convection by the irrotational shearing flow outside the core. An asymptotic analysis for the Rankine profile shows the absence of an elastic threshold for this instability. The growth rate is $O(\varOmega _0)$ for order unity $E$ , although it becomes transcendentally small for ${E} \ll 1$ , being $O(\varOmega _0 {E}^2{\rm e}^{-1/{E}^{{1}/{2}}})$ . An accompanying numerical investigation shows that the instability persists for smooth monotonically decreasing vorticity profiles, provided the radial extent of the transition region (from the rotational core to the irrotational exterior) is less than a certain ${E}$ -dependent threshold.
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- 2022
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23. Tropical Oceanic Mesoscale Cold Pools in a High-Resolution Global Cloud-Resolving Model from DYAMOND Initiative
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Piyush Garg, Stephen William Nesbitt, Timothy J Lang, and Georgios Priftis
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- 2022
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24. ViSHWaS - Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems: A Global Survey-Based Study
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Akshat Banga, Bhaswanth Bollu, Umme Habiba Faisal, Tanya Amal, Ayushi Mendiratta, L. V. Simhachalam Kutikuppala, Razan Alamoudi, Gaurang Bhatt, Joanna Lee, Daniel Martin Simadibrata, Ivan Alfredo Huespe, Aisha Khalid, Mohammed Amir Rais, Hans Mautong, Ramesh Adhikari, Alisha Lakhani, Piyush Garg, Harsha Pattnaik, Raghu Gandhi, Ramesh Pandit, Faizan Ahmad, Genesis Paola Camacho-Leon, Pierre N Ciza, Kelly Meza, Nimsi Marishein Barrios, Susan Okonkwo, Amuza Dhabuliwo, Hafeez Hamza, Arash Nemat, Mohammad Yasir Essar, Anne Kampa, Rakhtan K. Qasba, Pranjal Sharma, Taru Dutt, Pratikkumar Vekaria, Vikas Bansal, Faisal A. Nawaz, Salim R. Surani, and Rahul Kashyap
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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25. In vitro–in vivo correlation of drug release profiles from medicated contact lenses using an in vitro eye blink model
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Lyndon Jones, Ana Filipa Mota, Chau-Minh Phan, Piyush Garg, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, María Vivero López, Angel Concheiro, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica
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Drug-eluting contact lenses ,Resveratrol ,Pharmaceutical Science ,In vitro–in vivo correlations ,Pravastatin sodium ,Eye blink model - Abstract
There is still a paucity of information on how in vitro release profiles from drug-loaded contact lenses (CLs) recorded in 3D printed eye models correlate with in vivo profiles. This work aims to evaluate the release profiles of two drug-loaded CLs in a 3D in vitro eye blink model and compare the obtained results with the release in a vial and the drug levels in tear fluid previously obtained from an animal in vivo study. In vitro release in the eye model was tested at two different flow rates (5 and 10 µL/min) and a blink speed of 1 blink/10 s. Model CLs were loaded with two different drugs, hydrophilic pravastatin and hydrophobic resveratrol. The release of both drugs was more sustained and lower in the 3D eye model compared to the in vitro release in vials. Interestingly, both drugs presented similar release patterns in the eye model and in vivo, although the total amount of drugs released in the eye model was significantly lower, especially for resveratrol. Strong correlations between percentages of pravastatin released in the eye model and in vivo were found. These findings suggest that the current 3D printed eye blink model could be a useful tool to measure the release of ophthalmic drugs from medicated CLs. Nevertheless, physiological parameters such as the composition of the tear fluid and eyeball surface, tear flow rates, and temperature should be optimized in further studies Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This project was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions grant agreement N° 813440 (ORBITAL–Ocular Research by Integrated Training And Learning). The work was also partially supported by MCIN [PID 2020-113881RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033], Spain, Xunta de Galicia [ED431C 2020/17], FEDER, and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government and InnoHK. M. Vivero-Lopez acknowledges Xunta de Galicia (Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria) for a predoctoral research fellowship [ED481A-2019/120]. P. Garg acknowledges the support of the Collaborative Research and Training Experience (CREATE) Program awarded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) SI
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- 2022
26. Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Hybrid Hydrogels: A Multifaceted Platform for Theranostic Applications
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Sujata Sangam, Piyush Garg, Trinanjana Sanyal, Siddhartha Pahari, S. M. Paul Khurana, and Monalisa Mukherjee
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- 2022
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27. EFFECT OF BREATHING EXERCISES ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
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Piyush Garg, Ayushi Mendiratta, Akshat Banga, Anna Carolina Flumignan Bucharles, Maria Victória Ferreira Piccoli, Balakrishnan Kamaraj, Rakhtan K. Qasba, Vikas Bansal, and Rahul Kashyap
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Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
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28. Platelet-rich plasma: a comparative and economical therapy for wound healing and tissue regeneration
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Ranjan Verma, Subodh Kumar, Piyush Garg, and Yogesh Kumar Verma
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Biomaterials ,Transplantation ,Biomedical Engineering ,Cell Biology - Abstract
Rise in the incidences of chronic degenerative diseases with aging makes wound care a socio-economic burden and unceasingly necessitates a novel, economical, and efficient wound healing treatment. Platelets have a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis by modulating distinct mechanistic phases of wound healing, such as promoting and stabilizing the clot. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains a high concentration of platelets than naïve plasma and has an autologous origin with no immunogenic adverse reactions. As a consequence, PRP has gained significant attention as a therapeutic to augment the healing process. Since the past few decades, a robust volume of research and clinical trials have been performed to exploit extensive role of PRP in wound healing/tissue regeneration. Despite these rigorous studies and their application in diversified medical fields, efficacy of PRP-based therapies is continuously questioned owing to the paucity of large samplesizes, controlled clinical trials, and standard protocols. This review systematically delineates the process of wound healing and involvement of platelets in tissue repair mechanisms. Additionally, emphasis is laid on PRP, its preparation methods, handling, classification,application in wound healing, and PRP as regenerative therapeutics combined with biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
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- 2021
29. 383: MYOCARDITIS DUE TO LEGIONELLA: A CASE REPORT
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Piyush Garg, Niraj Gupta, Gagandeep Singh Wander, Ayushi Mendiratta, and Rahul Kashyap
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Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine - Published
- 2022
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30. 472: HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED ACHROMOBACTER DENITRIFICANS BACTEREMIA: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
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Ayushi Mendiratta, Akshat Banga, Balakrishnan Kamaraj, Piyush Garg, Rahul Kashyap, and Vinay Sagar
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Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine - Published
- 2022
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31. Elasto-inertial wall mode instabilities in viscoelastic plane Poiseuille flow
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Viswanathan Shankar, Indresh Chaudhary, Piyush Garg, and Ganesh Subramanian
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Physics ,Inertial frame of reference ,Plane (geometry) ,Mechanical Engineering ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mechanics ,Elasticity (physics) ,Newtonian limit ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Inertia ,Hagen–Poiseuille equation ,01 natural sciences ,Viscoelasticity ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Mechanics of Materials ,Bounded function ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,media_common - Abstract
A linear stability analysis of plane Poiseuille flow of an upper-convected Maxwell (UCM) fluid, bounded between rigid plates separated by a distance $2L$, has been carried out to investigate the interplay of elasticity and inertia on flow stability. The stability is governed by the following dimensionless groups: the Reynolds number $Re=\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}U_{max}L/\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$ and the elasticity number $E\equiv W/Re=\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}/(\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}L^{2})$, where $W=\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}U_{max}/L$ is the Weissenberg number. Here, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$ is the fluid density, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$ is the fluid viscosity, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}$ is the micro-structural relaxation time and $U_{max}$ is the maximum base-flow velocity. The stability is analysed for two-dimensional perturbations using both pseudo-spectral and shooting methods. We also analyse the linear stability of plane Couette flow which, along with the results for plane Poiseuille flow, yields insight into the structure of the complete elasto-inertial eigenspectrum. While the general features of the spectrum for both flows remain similar, plane Couette flow is found to be stable over the range of parameters examined ($Re\leqslant 10^{4},E\leqslant 0.01$). On the other hand, plane Poiseuille flow appears to be susceptible to an infinite hierarchy of elasto-inertial instabilities. Over the range of parameters examined, there are up to seven distinct neutral stability curves in the $Re$–$k$ plane (here $k$ is the perturbation wavenumber in the flow direction). Based on the symmetry of the eigenfunctions for the streamwise velocity about the centreline, four of these instabilities are antisymmetric, while the other three are symmetric. The neutral stability curve corresponding to the first antisymmetric mode is shown to be a continuation (to finite $E$) of the Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) instability already present for Newtonian channel flow. As $E$ is increased beyond $0.0016$, a new elastic mode appears at $Re\sim 10^{4}$, which coalesces with the continuation of the TS mode for a range of $Re$, thereby yielding a single unstable mode in this range. This trend persists until $E\sim 0.0021$, beyond which this neutral curve splits into two separate ones in the $Re$–$k$ plane. The new elastic mode which arises out of this splitting has been found to be the most unstable, with the lowest critical Reynolds number $Re_{c}\approx 1210.9$ for $E=0.0066$. The neutral curves for both the continuation of the original TS mode, and the new elastic antisymmetric mode, form closed loops upon further increase in $E$, which eventually vanish at sufficiently high $E$. For $E\ll 1$, the critical Reynolds number and wavenumber scale as $Re_{c}\sim E^{-1}$ and $k_{c}\sim E^{-1/2}$ for the first two of the symmetric modal families, and as $Re_{c}\sim E^{-5/4}$ for first two of the antisymmetric modal families; $k_{c}\sim E^{-1/4}$ for the third antisymmetric family. The critical wave speed for all of these unstable eigenmodes scales as $c_{r,c}\sim E^{1/2}$ for $E\ll 1$, implying that the modes belong to a class of ‘wall modes’ in viscoelastic flows with disturbances being confined in a thin region near the wall. The present study shows that, surprisingly, even in plane shear flows, elasticity acting along with inertia can drive novel instabilities absent in the Newtonian limit.
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- 2019
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32. Evaluating the Detection of Mesoscale Outflow Boundaries Using Scatterometer Winds at Different Spatial Resolutions
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Richard Lindsley, Stephen W. Nesbitt, Themistoklis Chronis, Georgios Priftis, Timothy J. Lang, and Piyush Garg
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Wind gradient ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Science ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Mesoscale meteorology ,Magnitude (mathematics) ,ocean surface winds ,scatterometer ,ASCAT ,oceanic convection ,mesoscale structures ,outflow boundary ,precipitation ,radar ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,law ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Radar ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Remote sensing ,Mesoscale convective system ,Scatterometer ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Outflow ,Outflow boundary ,Geology - Abstract
Outflow boundaries induced by cold-pools are a key characteristic of convective systems related to microphysical and kinematic processes during the mature stage of their lifecycle. Over the ocean, such kinematic processes are associated with low-level wind modulations that are captured by scatterometers. This study investigates the ability of the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) wind retrievals to detect the outflow boundary associated with an oceanic mesoscale convective system (MCS). Leveraging a new technique to identify cold pools that is based on features that enclose elevated magnitude of the gradient of the wind, termed as `Gradient Feature’ (GF), wind retrievals at 50-, 25- and 7-km spatial resolution were utilized to explore how the characteristics of the outflow boundary vary with resolution. Ground-based radar retrievals were also implemented to assess and correct, when possible, the performance of the ASCAT retrievals. The magnitude of the gradient of the wind for the coarser resolution was an order of magnitude smaller (10−4 s−1) than the finer ones (10−3 s−1). An increase in the magnitude of the gradient wind field associated with the outflow boundary was captured by all resolutions and a respective feature was identified by the GF method. The location of the features relative to the distance from the front edge of the MCS decreased with resolution, indicating the importance of the high resolution ASCAT product to capture their extent, as well as additional smaller scale features. The effect of the background wind field on the selection of the final wind field during the ambiguity removal process for the high-resolution product is also discussed.
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- 2021
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33. Tropical Oceanic Mesoscale Cold Pools in High-Resolution Global Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) Model from DYAMOND
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Piyush Garg, George Priftis, Timothy J. Lang, and Stephen W. Nesbitt
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Icosahedral symmetry ,Climatology ,Mesoscale meteorology ,High resolution ,Icon ,computer ,Geology ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
In the recent years, global kilometer-scale convection-permitting models have shown promising results in producing realistic convection and precipitation. In this study, a 2.5 km global Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) model simulation ran for 40 days (06 UTC 01 Aug – 23 UTC 10 Aug 2016) from Dynamics of the Atmospheric general circulation Modeled On Non-hydrostatic Domains (DYAMOND) initiative was used to identify thermal cold pools (using virtual temperature) over tropical oceans. In addition to examining cold pool variability, variables such as vertical wind shear (0-600 hPa and 0-300 hPa), relative humidity, convective available potential energy (CAPE), column water vapor and surface fluxes corresponding to each cold pool were analyzed. Grid-point linear regression was applied to identify relationships between these variables and cold pool size and intensity. It was found out that there is a statistically significant regional variability in the relationships between cold pool properties and their environments across the global tropics, and cold pool size and intensity have quite different dependence on the various variables considered. Unsupervised machine learning algorithm was then applied to geospatial linear regression to identify coherent patterns explaining multi-modal feedback between cold pools and their mesoscale environments.Previous studies have hypothesized that although accurate characterization of cold pool diurnal cycle is essential to resolve realistic deep convection in the current generation climate models, our lack of understanding of feedbacks between cold pools and convection leads to distorted diurnal cycle of precipitation. NASA’s RapidScat satellite was in a non-sun-synchronous orbit for 2014-2016 and thus was able to resolve diurnal cycle. Garg et al. (2020) gradient feature technique was applied on RapidScat’s winds to identify cold pools and observe their diurnal cycle of number, size, precipitation and associated convective system properties. Once an observed perspective of cold pool diurnal cycle is obtained, Fourier analysis was used on all the cold pool-associated variables in ICON simulation to obtain the diurnal phase and amplitude. The simulated diurnal cycle of cold pool number, size, precipitation, and other variables were observed to be similar as RapidScat. In this way, this study creates a holistic overview of cold pool-convection-precipitation-storm environment relationships using high-resolution CRM from DYAMOND and satellite observations.
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- 2021
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34. Depression and Impaired Mental Health Analysis from Social Media Platforms using Predictive Modelling Techniques
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Vaibhav Jain, Piyush Garg, Dinesh Kumar Vishwakarma, and Dhruv Chandel
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Beauty ,Social media ,Data pre-processing ,Recommender system ,Psychology ,Mental health ,Predictive modelling ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Cognitive psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Depression is the leading global disability, and unipolar (as opposed to bipolar) depression is the 10th leading cause of early death, as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015. The study aims to build an approach for depression and impaired mental health analysis from social media platforms. Although for Depression analysis and cure. Psyscologists preferred over machines because they are manipulative and precautionary to Human emotions to a greater extent, Machine Learning has an added advantage. It has no emotions; it studies patterns, not face or beauty or other factors. It studies a wide variety of data and then trains to give better predictions. Although it is not 100% reliable nor are the doctors. Moreover, in countries like India where people don't treat Depression as a Chronic Illness or don't even consider it as an illness of any sort, embedding Machine Learning Depression Detection Algorithms in Social Media combined with recommendation systems to treat a Human Mind positively, still being unnoticeable is a Great Boon to humanity The study is assisted by data collected from users after obtaining their consent and applying data preprocessing techniques. Several machine learning is used to analyze the data in the best way possible. A VAPID Technique is developed that performs far better than a classic feed-forward neural network. This study aims to develop a correlation between features and depressed people to observe a continuous pattern. Moreover, the aim is to conclude that social media can be a new exceptional methodology for analyzing depression and analyzing indirect patterns, improving many lives.
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- 2020
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35. Concentration banding instability of a sheared bacterial suspension
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Laxminarsimharao Vennamneni, Piyush Garg, and Ganesh Subramanian
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Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) ,Degrees of freedom (statistics) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,Mechanics ,Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Instability ,Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter ,Shear rate ,Shear (sheet metal) ,Simple shear ,Rheology ,Mechanics of Materials ,0103 physical sciences ,Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) ,010306 general physics ,Suspension (vehicle) ,Multiple-scale analysis - Abstract
We demonstrate a novel shear-induced mechanism for growth of concentration fluctuations in a bacterial suspension. Using a linear stability analysis, a homogeneously sheared suspension is shown to support exponentially growing layering perturbations in the shear-rate and bacterial concentration. Non-linear simulations show that the instability eventually leads to gradient-banded velocity profiles, with a local depletion of bacteria at the interface between the bands. Our results show that long-ranged hydrodynamic interactions are sufficient to explain recent observations of shear-bands in bacterial suspensions., Comment: 6 pages of main text and 9 pages of supplementary information
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- 2020
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36. Linear instability of viscoelastic pipe flow
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Indresh Chaudhary, Piyush Garg, Ganesh Subramanian, and Viswanathan Shankar
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Physics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Reynolds number ,Mechanics ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,Eigenfunction ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Instability ,Viscoelasticity ,Pipe flow ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Nonlinear system ,symbols.namesake ,Mechanics of Materials ,Newtonian fluid ,symbols ,Weissenberg number - Abstract
A modal stability analysis shows that pressure-driven pipe flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid is linearly unstable to axisymmetric perturbations, in stark contrast to its Newtonian counterpart which is linearly stable at all Reynolds numbers. The dimensionless groups that govern stability are the Reynolds number, the elasticity number, and the ratio of solvent to solution viscosity. The unstable mode has a phase speed close to the base-state maximum over the entire unstable region in the relevant parameter space, implying that the unstable mode belongs to a class of viscoelastic center modes. Unlike the Newtonian transition which is dominated by nonlinear processes, the linear instability discussed here could be very relevant to the onset of turbulence in viscoelastic pipe flows. The prediction of an instability is, in fact, consistent with several experimental studies on pipe flow of polymer solutions, ranging from previous reports of early turbulence to the more recent discovery of elasto-inertial turbulence. The instability identified in this study comprehensively dispels the prevailing notion of pipe flow of viscoelastic fluids being linearly stable in the Reynolds-Weissenberg plane, marking a possible paradigm shift in our understanding of transition in rectilinear viscoelastic shearing flows., 51 pages, 30 figures
- Published
- 2020
37. Identifying and Characterizing Tropical Oceanic Mesoscale Cold Pools using Spaceborne Scatterometer Winds
- Author
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Deanna A. Hence, Piyush Garg, Themis Chronis, Stephen W. Nesbitt, George Priftis, Timothy J. Lang, and Jeffrey D. Thayer
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Convection ,Atmospheric Science ,Geophysics ,Buoy ,Space and Planetary Science ,Climatology ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Mesoscale meteorology ,Precipitation ,Scatterometer ,Tropical ocean ,Geology - Published
- 2020
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38. Severe Hypokalemia Mimicking Brain Death
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Piyush Garg, Asif Hitawala, Ashish Nahar, and Abhay Jain
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Brain dead ,Poor prognosis ,Brain death ,Flaccid paralysis ,business.industry ,Glasgow Coma Scale ,flaccid paralysis ,Case Report ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Hypokalemia ,Low oxygen saturation ,severe hypokalemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Blood pressure ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Vomiting ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
We discuss a case of a 20-year-old female who presented with history of fever, vomiting, and decreased oral intake for 10 days followed by one episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure and altered sensorium for 5-6 h. On arrival in the emergency room, she had Glasgow Coma Scale 3 (E1V1M1), both pupils fixed and dilated, low blood pressure, low oxygen saturation, and few gasping breaths. She appeared to be brain dead and was assumed to have a very poor prognosis. Investigations revealed severe hypokalemia. She had also suffered acute hypoxic-ischemic injury to the brain. However, she recovered and was discharged about 2 weeks later.
- Published
- 2018
39. Mesoscale precipitation characteristics near the Western Ghats during the Indian Summer Monsoon as simulated by a high‐resolution regional model
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Wendilyn J. Flynn, Stephen W. Nesbitt, Piyush Garg, and Alison M. Anders
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Atmospheric Science ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Resolution (electron density) ,Mesoscale meteorology ,Orography ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Indian summer monsoon rainfall ,Indian summer monsoon ,Climatology ,Environmental science ,Precipitation ,Regional model ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Published
- 2017
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40. Cardiotoxic effects of raw opium
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Piyush Garg, Manoj Agarwal, and Asif Hitawala
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Left ventricular dysfunction ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Alkaloid ,Opioid use ,Opium ,Case Report ,myocardial suppression ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Medical care ,raw opium ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Opioid ,medicine ,Ingestion ,heterocyclic compounds ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Drug toxicity ,medicine.drug - Abstract
While opioid drug toxicity and side effects of long-term opioid use during medical care are well studied, there is little information regarding effects of ingestion of raw opium. Characterization of the effects to a particular alkaloid is difficult since raw opium contains a number of alkaloids. Here, we present a case of poisoning due to ingestion of raw opium leading to severe myocardial suppression.
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- 2018
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41. Noncontact Dynamic Displacement Measurement of Structures Using a Moving Laser Doppler Vibrometer
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Piyush Garg, Mahmoud Reda Taha, Fernando Moreu, David Mascareñas, and Ali I. Ozdagli
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Computer science ,Acoustics ,Displacement (orthopedic surgery) ,Building and Construction ,Field tests ,Structural health monitoring ,Laser Doppler vibrometer ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2019
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42. Graphene Quantum Dots in the Game of Directing Polymer Self-Assembly to Exotic Kagome Lattice and Janus Nanostructures
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Aarti Singh, Subhrajit Biswas, Monalisa Mukherjee, Dakshi Kochhar, Piyush Garg, Amit Tyagi, Sampathkumar Jeevanandham, Lalita Mehra, Dinesh Kalyanasundaram, Sandip Chakrabarti, Sujata Sangam, Adeeba Shakeel, Rohan Bhattacharya, and Maryam Ghufran
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Nanostructure ,Graphene ,General Engineering ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,Gamma scintigraphy ,chemistry ,Quantum dot ,law ,Lattice (order) ,General Materials Science ,Janus ,Self-assembly ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are the harbingers of a paradigm shift that revitalize self-assembly of the colloidal puzzle by adding shape and size to the material-design palette. Although self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature, the extent to which these molecular legos can be engineered reminds us that we are still apprenticing polymer carpenters. In this quest to unlock exotic nanostructures ascending from eventual anisotropy, we have utilized different concentrations of GQDs as a filler in free-radical-mediated aqueous copolymerization. Extensive polymer grafting over the geometrically confined landscape of GQDs (0.05%) bolsters crystallization instilling a loom which steers interaction of polymeric cilia into interlaced equilateral triangles with high sophistication. Such two-dimensional (2D) assemblies epitomizing the planar tiling of "Star of David" forming a molecular kagome lattice (KL) without metal templation evoke petrichor. Interestingly, a higher percentage (0.3%) of GQDs allow selective tuning of the interfacial property of copolymers breaking symmetry due to surface energy incongruity, producing exotic Janus nanomicelles (JNMs). Herein, with the help of a suite of characterizations, we delineate the mechanism behind the formation of the KL and JNMs which forms a depot of heightened drug accretion with targeted delivery of 5-fluorouracil in the colon as validated by gamma scintigraphy studies.
- Published
- 2019
43. Enhanced velocity fluctuations in interacting swimmer suspensions
- Author
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Ganesh Subramanian, Piyush Garg, and Sankalp Nambiar
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FOS: Physical sciences ,Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter ,Thermal diffusivity ,Quantitative Biology::Other ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,Suspension (vehicle) ,Bifurcation ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Physics ,Physics::Biological Physics ,Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) ,Mechanical Engineering ,Logarithmic growth ,Dynamics (mechanics) ,Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) ,Mechanics ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,Covariance ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Mean squared displacement ,Flow velocity ,Mechanics of Materials ,Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) - Abstract
A dilute non-interacting suspension of micro-swimmers exhibits a finite velocity variance and short-ranged correlations that decay over a swimmer length. For a suspension of interacting straight swimmers, however, pair-interactions leads to a non-decaying velocity covariance, and a variance that diverges logarithmically with system size. The divergence is arrested on inclusion of orientation decorrelation mechanisms. Results for suspensions of run-and-tumble particles (RTPs) are presented, where the underlying straight-swimmer divergence leads to a broad cross-over between the ballistic and diffusive regimes, of immersed passive tracers, in the limit of long run lengths. Our analysis explains long-standing experimental observations of a volume-fraction dependent crossover time for passive tracer dynamics., 36 pages, 14 figures
- Published
- 2019
44. Exploring the role of triazole functionalized heteroatom co-doped carbon quantum dots against human coronaviruses
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Piyush Garg, Chirantan Kar, Sujata Sangam, Dakshi Kochhar, Siddhartha Pahari, and Monalisa Mukherjee
- Subjects
Human coronavirus ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Heteroatom ,Biomedical Engineering ,Triazole ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Conjugated system ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Nanomaterials ,Carbon quantum dots ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,General Materials Science ,Heteroatom doped ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Click chemistry ,Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Combinatorial chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surface functionalization ,0210 nano-technology ,Co doped ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Graphical abstract, Highlights • CQDs can act as a multi-site inhibitor by blocking the viral entry, RNA strand synthesis, and replication step. • Triazole functionalized heteroatom co-doped carbon quantum dots (TFH-CQDs) can synergistically exert an intensified antiviral response. • TFH-CQDs may block the viral entry by perturbing various interactions with the host cells. • TFH-CQDs may block the viral enzymes such as helicase and 3CLpro, important for viral replication. • Understanding the receptor recognition mechanism of human coronaviruses with host cells is imperative to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism of TFH-CQDs., Preventing the trajectory of human coronaviruses including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic could rely on the sprint to design a rational roadmap using breakneck strategies to counter its prime challenges. Recently, carbon quantum dots (CQDs), zero-dimensional (0D) carbon-based nanomaterials, have emerged as a fresh antiviral agent owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Additionally, doping instils beneficial properties in CQDs, augmenting their antiviral potential. The antiviral properties of CQDs can be reinforced by heteroatom doping. Bestowed with multifaceted features, functionalized CQDs can interact with the spike protein of the human coronaviruses and perturb the virus-host cell recognition. Recently, triazole derivatives have been explored as potent inhibitors of human coronaviruses by blocking the viral enzymes such as 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) and helicase, important for viral replication. Moreover, they offer a better aromatic heterocyclic core for therapeutics owing to their higher thermodynamic stability. To curb the current outbreak, triazole functionalized heteroatom co-doped carbon quantum dots (TFH-CQDs) interacting with viral cells spanning the gamut of complexity can be utilized for deciphering the mystery of its inhibitory mechanism against human coronaviruses. In this quest to unlock the potential of antiviral carbon-based nanomaterials, CQDs and triazole conjugated CQDs template comprising a series of bioisosteres, CQDs-1 to CQDs-9, can extend the arsenal of functional antiviral materials at the forefront of the war against human coronaviruses.
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- 2020
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45. Measuring Transverse Displacements Using Unmanned Aerial Systems Laser Doppler Vibrometer (UAS-LDV): Development and Field Validation
- Author
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Su Zhang, Roya Nasimi, Mahmoud Reda Taha, Piyush Garg, Ali I. Ozdagli, David Mascareñas, and Fernando Moreu
- Subjects
Computer science ,Acoustics ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Measure (physics) ,020101 civil engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Accelerometer ,Variable displacement ,Biochemistry ,Article ,field implementation ,Bridge (nautical) ,Displacement (vector) ,0201 civil engineering ,Analytical Chemistry ,dynamic displacement ,non-contact displacement ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,reference-free displacement ,Instrumentation ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,railroad bridge ,Linear variable differential transformer ,unmanned aerial system ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,laser ,Transducer ,Laser Doppler vibrometer - Abstract
Measurement of bridge displacements is important for ensuring the safe operation of railway bridges. Traditionally, contact sensors such as Linear Variable Displacement Transducers (LVDT) and accelerometers have been used to measure the displacement of the railway bridges. However, these sensors need significant effort in installation and maintenance. Therefore, railroad management agencies are interested in new means to measure bridge displacements. This research focuses on mounting Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) on an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) to enable contact-free transverse dynamic displacement of railroad bridges. Researchers conducted three field tests by flying the Unmanned Aerial Systems Laser Doppler Vibrometer (UAS-LDV) 1.5 m away from the ground and measured the displacement of a moving target at various distances. The accuracy of the UAS-LDV measurements was compared to the Linear Variable Differential Transducer (LVDT) measurements. The results of the three field tests showed that the proposed system could measure non-contact, reference-free dynamic displacement with an average peak and root mean square (RMS) error for the three experiments of 10% and 8% compared to LVDT, respectively. Such errors are acceptable for field measurements in railroads, as the interest prior to bridge monitoring implementation of a new approach is to demonstrate similar success for different flights, as reported in the three results. This study also identified barriers for industrial adoption of this technology and proposed operational development practices for both technical and cost-effective implementation.
- Published
- 2020
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46. Big Data Analytics in Ralstonia solanacearum Genomics
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Alka Grover, Piyush Garg, Shivani Chandra, and Shalini Jauhari
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Phylotype ,Whole genome sequencing ,Ralstonia solanacearum ,biology ,business.industry ,Bacterial wilt ,Big data ,food and beverages ,Genomics ,biology.organism_classification ,Biotechnology ,Ralstonia ,business ,Control methods - Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is a phyto pathogen that causes bacterial wilt disease. The pathogen is widely spread throughout the globe infecting over 200 species in about 50 plant families. It is a soil borne phyto-pathogen. This species complex consists of thousands of different strains of bacterial pathogens with a very vast range of plant hosts from banana, potato, brinjal to tomato, tobacco and olives. The strains with genetic variations have been divided into four phylotypes: phylotype I, phylotype II A and II B, phylotype III, and phylotype IV. The pathogen is extremely difficult to combat as there is no effective control method. Rapid progress in high throughput whole genome sequencing technology has contributed towards generating enormous amount of Big data. Genomics revolution has provided whole genome sequence data of several strains of Ralstonia and techniques from Big data analytics, contributed to remarkable progress in the field of Ralstonia genomics. Big data analytics is widely used in different research fields due to its efficiency and effectiveness. This paper discusses the outcomes and advantages of Big data analytics in the field of Ralstonia genomics.
- Published
- 2018
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47. Optimal Bridge Displacement Controlled by Train Speed on Real-Time
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Piyush Garg, Ali I. Ozdagli, and Fernando Moreu
- Subjects
Control theory ,Computer science ,Linear-quadratic regulator ,Structural health monitoring ,Displacement (vector) ,Bridge (nautical) - Abstract
This paper aims to present a controller to optimize the lateral bridge displacement by controlling the speed of the train passing over it. The controller assumed for this purpose is a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller. The results will be simulated based on and compared to the actual bridge displacement measured on the bridge during a train passing event.
- Published
- 2017
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48. Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the stem ofMusa sapientumLinn. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
- Author
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Kirtikar Shukla, Rimi Shukla, Jasvinder K. Gambhir, Piyush Garg, Piyush Dikshit, and Mool Kumar Tyagi
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Glycogen ,business.industry ,Glucokinase ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Streptozotocin ,Effective dose (pharmacology) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Postprandial ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Lipid profile ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: Musa sapientum Linn. is a herbaceous plant of the Musaceae family. It has been used in India for the treatment of gastric ulcer, hypertension, diarrhea, dysentery, and diabetes. The antidiabetic effect of the fruit, root, and flower has been demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to assess the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of the stem of M. sapientum Linn. Methods: Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin injection (45 mg/kg, i.p.). Diabetic rats were treated for 2 weeks with different doses of lyophilized stem juice of M. sapientum Linn. (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) to select the most effective dose. The effects of 4 weeks treatment with this dose (50 mg/kg) on fasting and postprandial plasma glucose (FPG, PPG) levels, body weight, lipid profile, HbA1c, insulin, liver enzymes (i.e. glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A [HMG-CoA] reductase) and muscle and liver glycogen were evaluated. Results: The most effective dose of lyophilized stem juice of M. sapientum Linn. was 50 mg/kg. Four weeks treatment with this dose resulted in significant decreases in FPG and PPG (P
- Published
- 2012
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49. Evolution of Sha-176 Algorithm
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Piyush Garg and Namita Tiwari
- Subjects
Secure Hash Algorithm ,Secure Hash Standard ,Theoretical computer science ,Computer science ,SHA-2 ,Hash function ,Cryptographic hash function ,Hash chain ,MDC-2 ,Security of cryptographic hash functions ,Hardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURES - Abstract
To maintain data integrity hash functions are generally used. Hash function is one type of cryptographic primitives, which provide an assurance for data integrity. NAS has designed SHA hash functions which are the set of cryptographic hash function. There are so many SHA function existing in which SHA-1 produces message digest that is of 160 bits long. Later in SHA-1 has been identified security flaws, namely that a possible mathematical weakness might exist. This point out that stronger hash function would be desirable. In this paper we are proposing a new hash function, say SHA-176 that has more strength than the existing. In this we are fulfilling basic security principle i.e. integrity. Basically this hash function is developed to improve the security. Presented results are showing the performance of the proposed SHA-176 in terms of efficiency and security.
- Published
- 2012
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50. Centrifugal instability of stratified two-phase flow in a curved channel
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Piyush Garg, S. Pushpavanam, and Jason R. Picardo
- Subjects
Interfacial deformations ,Computational Mechanics ,Centrifugation ,Instability ,Lower viscosities ,Reynolds number ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Viscosity ,symbols.namesake ,Aerodynamics ,Linear stability analysis ,Inviscid flow ,Rayleigh's criteria ,Stratified flow ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Physics ,Volume fraction ,Mechanical Engineering ,Vortex flow ,Stationary vortex ,Two phase flow ,Mechanics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Critical Reynolds number ,Open-channel flow ,Vortex ,Physical parameters ,Galerkin spectral method ,Mechanics of Materials ,symbols ,Two-phase flow ,Numerical methods ,Stability ,Centrifugal instability - Abstract
The centrifugal instability of stratified two-phase flow in a curved channel is investigated in this work. The fluids are laterally stratified between cylindrical walls of infinite extent. We focus on the limiting case of small capillary numbers (relatively high surface tension), wherein interfacial deformation and associated instabilities are suppressed. The centrifugal instability, caused by unstable gradients of angular momentum, destabilizes the axisymmetric azimuthal base flow. As in single phase Dean flow, an array of vortices is formed within each fluid at the critical Reynolds number. A numerical linear stability analysis is carried out using a recombined Chebyshev Galerkin spectral method, as well as a shooting method. Across the space of physical parameters (volume fractions, density, and viscosity ratios), six critical modes corresponding to distinct secondary flows are observed. These are classified into axisymmetric stationary vortices and rotating spiral vortices (travelling waves). Each category consists of three subtypes based on the relative vortex strength in the fluids: stronger in the outer fluid, stronger in the inner fluid, and comparable strength in both fluids. The critical mode switches amongst these six types as parameters are varied. The outer fluid is found to be more unstable than the inner fluid, even if the fluids have equal physical properties. This is explained using Rayleigh's criterion for inviscid flows. Consequently, the arrangement of fluids has a significant impact on stability. Instability and vortex motion are promoted if the fluid with a higher density, a lower viscosity, and a larger volume fraction is placed on the outer side of the channel. � 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
- Published
- 2015
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