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104 results on '"Pitchenik, Arthur E."'

3. List of Contributors

Author

Ackers, Marta-Louise, primary, Cohen, Mary Ann Adler, additional, Akfirat, Gokhan L., additional, Alfonso, César A., additional, Allende, Maria C., additional, Arshad, Aysha, additional, Ashkin, David, additional, Bansal, Ajay, additional, Bartholow, Bradford N., additional, Bayer, Ronald, additional, Bertozzi, Stefano, additional, Boone, Lawrence R., additional, Cardo, Denise M., additional, Carlos, Maria P., additional, Carr, Andrew, additional, Chaisson, Richard E., additional, Chiarello, Linda A., additional, Cooper, David A., additional, Cowan, Elliot P., additional, De Girolami, Umberto, additional, DeHovitz, Jack A., additional, DeSimone, Joseph A., additional, Diesing, Scott, additional, Dorak, M. Tevfik, additional, Doweiko, John P., additional, Ferrigno, Lisa, additional, Finley, James L., additional, Fleming, Patricia L., additional, Flexner, Charles, additional, Friedman-Kien, Alvin E., additional, Frishman, William H., additional, Gabuzda, Dana, additional, Gardner, Murray B., additional, Garvey, Edward P., additional, Gelbard, Harris, additional, Gendelman, Howard E., additional, Gholam, Pierre M., additional, Goff, Stephen P., additional, Hale, Yvonne, additional, Hollender, Elena, additional, Holtgrave, David R., additional, Horowitz, Harold W., additional, Hu, Dale J., additional, Jabs, Douglas A., additional, Janssen, Robert S., additional, Johnson, Daniel A., additional, Joshi, Vijay V., additional, Kanki, Phyllis J., additional, Kaslow, Richard A., additional, King, Susan M., additional, Klotman, Mary, additional, Klotman, Paul E., additional, Koppel, Barbara S., additional, Kotler, Donald P., additional, Lane, H. Clifford, additional, Laurence, Jeffrey, additional, Lauzardo, Michael, additional, Leschek, Judith D., additional, Lindegren, Mary Lou, additional, Lowenstein, Arlene J., additional, Luciw, Paul A., additional, Mallon, Patrick W.G., additional, Mastro, Timothy D., additional, Nachman, Sharon, additional, Nakashima, Allyn K., additional, Narita, Masahiro, additional, O'Connor, Paula, additional, Onorato, Ida M., additional, Opuni, Marjorie, additional, Panlilio, Adelisa L., additional, Penzak, Scott R., additional, Perelson, Alan S., additional, Peterson, John L., additional, Pieniazek, Danuta, additional, Piscitelli, Stephen C., additional, Pitchenik, Arthur E., additional, Pomerantz, Roger J., additional, Ribeiro, Ruy M., additional, Richman, Douglas, additional, Rogers, Martha F., additional, Romines, Karen R., additional, Salfinger, Max, additional, Sanchez, Miguel, additional, Sankalé, Jean-Louis, additional, Scadden, David T., additional, Schooley, Robert T., additional, Sedaghat, Ahmad R., additional, Sharer, Leroy R., additional, Siliciano, Robert F., additional, Smith, Davey, additional, Smith, Nancy L., additional, Sotrel, Ana, additional, Sowell, Richard L., additional, Spicer, Troy, additional, Stambaugh, Jerry Jean, additional, Swindells, Susan, additional, Tang, James (Jianming), additional, Wagner, Krystn R., additional, Weiss, Stanley H., additional, Winston, Jonathan A., additional, Wolitski, Richard J., additional, Wong, Joseph K., additional, and Wormser, Gary P., additional

Published
2004
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4. Mycobacterial Disease in Patients with HIV Infection

Author

Ashkin, David, primary, Hale, Yvonne, additional, Hollender, Elena, additional, Lauzardo, Michael, additional, Narita, Masahiro, additional, Pitchenik, Arthur E., additional, Salfinger, Max, additional, and Stambaugh, Jerry Jean, additional

Published
2004
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6. Hospital outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections: factors in transmission to staff and HIV-infected patients

Author

Beck-Sague, Consuelo, Dooley, Samuel W., Hutton, Mary D., Otten, Joan, Breeden, Alma, Crawford, Jack T., Pitchenik, Arthur E., Woodley, Charles, Cauthen, George, and Jarvis, William R.

Subjects
Nosocomial infections, HIV patients -- Diseases, Tuberculosis, Medical personnel -- Diseases, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Health aspects
Abstract

HIV-infected patients who are exposed to another patient with a positive acid-fast bacillus (AFB) sputum-smear may be more likely to develop a multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis infection. The prevalence of MDR tuberculosis may be higher among HIV-infected individuals than among other individuals. Among HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis who were treated at an HIV ward or clinic at a Florida hospital between Jan 1988 and Jan 1990, 25 developed a MDR tuberculosis infection and 62 developed a drug-susceptible tuberculosis infection. Patients with MDR tuberculosis were more likely to have been exposed to the sputum of a patient with an AFB-positive smear than those with a drug-susceptible infection. Among health care workers who worked in the HIV ward and clinic, the risk of a positive skin test for tuberculosis exposure increased with the amount of exposure to patients with positive AFB sputum.

Published
1992

15. The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond.

Author

Gilbert, M Thomas P, Rambaut, Andrew, Wlasiuk, Gabriela, Spira, Thomas J, Pitchenik, Arthur E, Worobey, Michael, Gilbert, M Thomas P, Rambaut, Andrew, Wlasiuk, Gabriela, Spira, Thomas J, Pitchenik, Arthur E, and Worobey, Michael

Abstract

HIV-1 group M subtype B was the first HIV discovered and is the predominant variant of AIDS virus in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. However, the circumstances of its origin and emergence remain unresolved. Here we propose a geographic sequence and time line for the origin of subtype B and the emergence of pandemic HIV/AIDS out of Africa. Using HIV-1 gene sequences recovered from archival samples from some of the earliest known Haitian AIDS patients, we find that subtype B likely moved from Africa to Haiti in or around 1966 (1962-1970) and then spread there for some years before successfully dispersing elsewhere. A "pandemic" clade, encompassing the vast majority of non-Haitian subtype B infections in the United States and elsewhere around the world, subsequently emerged after a single migration of the virus out of Haiti in or around 1969 (1966-1972). Haiti appears to have the oldest HIV/AIDS epidemic outside sub-Saharan Africa and the most genetically diverse subtype B epidemic, which might present challenges for HIV-1 vaccine design and testing. The emergence of the pandemic variant of subtype B was an important turning point in the history of AIDS, but its spread was likely driven by ecological rather than evolutionary factors. Our results suggest that HIV-1 circulated cryptically in the United States for approximately 12 years before the recognition of AIDS in 1981. Udgivelsesdato: 2007-Nov-20, HIV-1 group M subtype B was the first HIV discovered and is the predominant variant of AIDS virus in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. However, the circumstances of its origin and emergence remain unresolved. Here we propose a geographic sequence and time line for the origin of subtype B and the emergence of pandemic HIV/AIDS out of Africa. Using HIV-1 gene sequences recovered from archival samples from some of the earliest known Haitian AIDS patients, we find that subtype B likely moved from Africa to Haiti in or around 1966 (1962-1970) and then spread there for some years before successfully dispersing elsewhere. A "pandemic" clade, encompassing the vast majority of non-Haitian subtype B infections in the United States and elsewhere around the world, subsequently emerged after a single migration of the virus out of Haiti in or around 1969 (1966-1972). Haiti appears to have the oldest HIV/AIDS epidemic outside sub-Saharan Africa and the most genetically diverse subtype B epidemic, which might present challenges for HIV-1 vaccine design and testing. The emergence of the pandemic variant of subtype B was an important turning point in the history of AIDS, but its spread was likely driven by ecological rather than evolutionary factors. Our results suggest that HIV-1 circulated cryptically in the United States for approximately 12 years before the recognition of AIDS in 1981.

Published
2007

30. Use of Rifabutin with Protease Inhibitors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients with...

Author

Narita, Masahiro, Stambaugh, Jerry J., Hollender, Elena S., Jones, Denis, Pitchenik, Arthur E., and Ashkin, David

Subjects
RIFAMYCINS, HIV-positive persons, TUBERCULOSIS patients, DRUG interactions, PROTEASE inhibitors
Abstract

Investigates the drug interaction between rifamycins and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis at the A.G. Holley State Tuberculosis Hospitall in Florida. Protease inhibitors employed through HAART; Concerns regarding the interaction between rifamycins and HAART; Use of rifabutin as substitute for rifampin in the clinical study.

Published
2000
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34. Mycobacterial Disease: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Author

Pitchenik, Arthur E., Fertel, Debra, and Bloch, Alan B.

Abstract

TB is common in the setting of HIV-induced immunosuppression, especially among demographic groups with a high background prevalence of tuberculous infection. It is often the first (sentinel) infectious disease to appear, extrapulmonary and disseminated disease is common, the chest x-ray picture is frequently atypical, and the tuberculin skin test is often falsely negative. It therefore requires a high index of suspicion and an aggressive diagnostic approach to avoid missing HIV-related tuberculous disease, which is communicable from man to man by the aerosol route and which appears to be highly treatable with conventional anti-TB drugs. Identification and INH prophylaxis of tuberculous-infected, HIV-seropositive persons is likely to be very important in the prevention of tuberculous disease. MAI is also a very common pathogen that frequently produces extrapulmonary and disseminated disease among patients with AIDS. In contrast to TB, AIDS-related MAI disease occurs more uniformly among the AIDS risk groups, occurs late among the HIV-related infections, and is not effectively treated with current drug regimens.

Published
1988
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37. Cresyl Violet.

Author

MOAS, CARLOS M., EVANS, DEBORAH A., STEIN-STREILEIN, JOAN, GANJEI, PARVIN, and PITCHENIK, ARTHUR E.

Published
1989
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49. Salmonella Bacteremia as Manifestation of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Author

Fischl, Margaret A., Dickinson, Gordon M., Sinave, Christian, Pitchenik, Arthur E., and Cleary, Timothy J.

Abstract

Multiple opportunistic infections are characteristic of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although bacterial pathogens have presented few problems, we have noted an emerging problem with salmonellal infection among patients with AIDS. A review of all stool and blood cultures from adults between January 1982 and July 1984 showed that 80 stool cultures were positive for Salmonella species; serogroup B was the most common isolated. Eight (10%) were isolated from patients with AIDS. Nineteen blood cultures were positive for Salmonella species. Six (32%) were isolated from patients with AIDS: three were positive for Salmonella serogroup B; two yielded Salmonella choleraesuis; and one yielded Salmonella serogroup D. In three (50%), Salmonella bacteremia was a presenting manifestation of AIDS. Bacteremias were recurrent in five patients. Thus, it appears that AIDS not only predisposes patients to serious salmonellal infections but also compromises their ability to eradicate these bacteria.(Arch Intern Med 1986;146:113-115)

Published
1986
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50. Tuberculous Brain Abscess and Toxoplasma Encephalitis in a Patient With the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Author

Fischl, Margaret A., Pitchenik, Arthur E., and Spira, Thomas J.

Abstract

INFECTIOUS diseases of the central nervous system among immunocompromised patients are not uncommon but rarely involve more than one pathogen.1Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an infrequent cause of central nervous system infection among immunocompromised patients.2,3 When seen, meningitis is by far the most common presentation. Occurrence of a tuberculous brain abscess is rare.4-8Toxoplasma encephalitis has been recognized as one of the more common central nervous system infections among patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Concomitant infections, although uncommon, may be an emerging problem. The present report summarizes our experience with a patient who had a tuberculous brain abscess and concomitant Toxoplasma encephalitis.Report of a CaseA 22-year-old Haitian woman was admitted to the hospital with a nine-month history of fever, watery diarrhea, anorexia, and a 9.1-kg weight loss. A three-month history of tingling and progressive weakness of the left upper and lower extremities, with inability

Published
1985
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