4 results on '"Pissang, P."'
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2. Contribution de la chronotoxicologie a l’etude de la toxicite induite par la consommation des aliments contenant des derives cyanures
- Author
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Tchacondo, T, Tchaniley, L, and Pissang, P
- Subjects
Variation circadienne, dérivé cyanuré, Toxicité, Aliment, Souris, Circadian variation, cyanide derivative, toxicity, food, mouse - Abstract
Plusieurs de nos aliments en particulier, certains cultivars du manioc, contiennent des composés cyanurés pouvant être toxiques pour notre organisme, une fois leur digestion terminée. L’étude de la variation circadienne de la toxicité cyanhydrique induite par un composé cyanuré (Nitroprussiate de Sodium : NPS) a été entreprise dans le but de déterminer l’heure optimale de tolérance et par conséquent, le moment de faibles effets toxiques des aliments riches en cyanure. Des souris mâles albinos Swiss, ont été synchronisées par un cycle de lumière/obscurité (L/D: 12/12). Quatre stades circadiens d’injection (1, 7, 13 et 19 heures Après le Début de la Lumière: h.ADL) ont été choisis. A chaque stade circadien correspondent 2 lots de souris A (traité) et B (témoins) recevant respectivement une injection ip de 2.5mg/kg de NPS et du NaCl (0.9%) toutes les 24 heures durant 15 jours. L’indice de toxicité considéré est la variation circadienne de poids du corps et du poids relatif du foie. Les résultats montrent une perte significative ((p < 0.05, ANOVA) du poids moyen du corps accompagné d’une hépatomégalie. Cette perte varie significativement selon l’heure d’administration du NPS. La modélisation des résultats révèle l’existence d’un rythme circadien de ces effets toxiques (p < 0.05, par cosior). L’acrophase de ce rythme se situe en début de la phase d’activité nocturne (p < 0.05, cosior). Ainsi la toxicité des dérivés cyanurés varie selon le moment d’exposition. Une administration en ip et probablement orale de ces composés, serait plus tolérée quand elle a lieu en début de la phase de repos.Mots clés: Variation circadienne, dérivé cyanuré, Toxicité, Aliment, SourisEnglish Title: Contribution of chronotoxicology to the study of induced toxicity by food consumption containing cyanide derivativesEnglish AbstractMany of our foods, in particular some cultivars of cassava, contain cyanide compounds that are toxic when ingested. The investigation of the circadian cyanide toxicity was conducted in order to find out the optimum time of tolerance which is the moment when the toxic effects are less felt. Male albino Swiss mice were accustomed to the same cycle of light/darkness (L/D : 12/12). Four circadians periods of injection were chosen (1, 7, 13, 19 hours after light was turned on). At each period, two batches of mice received an intra peritoneal (ip) injection of: Batch A (treated), ip of 2.5mg/kg sodium nitroprusside and Batch B (control), NaCl 0.9 per cent every 24 hours during 15 days. The toxicity index considered is the body weight variation and the liver weight relative variation. The results showed an important loss of the average body weight with hepatomegaly.the loss depended on the time of the injection. Modelization of the results revealed a circadian rhythm of the toxic effects (p< 0.05 with cosior. The acrophase of this rhythm was the beginning of the night activity (
- Published
- 2019
3. In vivoatomic force microscopy–infrared spectroscopy of bacteria
- Author
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Kochan, Kamila, Perez-Guaita, David, Pissang, Julia, Jiang, Jhih-Hang, Peleg, Anton Y., McNaughton, Don, Heraud, Philip, and Wood, Bayden R.
- Abstract
A new experimental platform for probing nanoscale molecular changes in living bacteria using atomic force microscopy–infrared (AFM–IR) spectroscopy is demonstrated. This near-field technique is eminently suited to the study of single bacterial cells. Here, we report its application to monitor dynamical changes occurring in the cell wall during cell division in Staphylococcus aureususing AFM to demonstrate the division of the cell and AFM–IR to record spectra showing the thickening of the septum.This work was followed by an investigation into single cells, with particular emphasis on cell-wall signatures, in several bacterial species. Specifically, mainly cell wall components from S. aureusand Escherichia colicontaining complex carbohydrate and phosphodiester groups, including peptidoglycans and teichoic acid, could be identified and mapped at nanometre spatial resolution. Principal component analysis of AFM–IR spectra of six living bacterial species enabled the discrimination of Gram-positive from Gram-negative bacteria based on spectral bands originating mainly from the cell wall components. The ability to monitor in vivomolecular changes during cellular processes in bacteria at the nanoscale opens a new platform to study environmental influences and other factors that affect bacterial chemistry.
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- 2018
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4. Ethnobotanical Study of Latex Plants in the Maritime Region of Togo.
- Author
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Hoekou YP, Tchacondo T, Karou SD, Koudouvo K, Atakpama W, Pissang P, Gbogbo AK, Woegan AY, Batawila K, Akpagana K, and Gbeassor M
- Abstract
Background: In Togo, a little is known about latex plants of the flora used for medicinal purposes., Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the latex plant species and their medicinal uses in the Maritime Region of Togo., Materials and Methods: The methodology was based on ethnobotanical semi-structural individual interviews of 220 informants. Quantitative ethnobotanical index was used to analyze the data., Results: A total of 33 latex plants species were recorded, from 12 botanical families and 24 genera. The most represented families were Euphorbiaceae and Moraceae with eight species each. The relative importance (RI) value of each species and the informant consensus factor (ICF) of the ailments categories showed that Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. (RI = 2.00) and Euphorbia hirta L. (RI = 1.91) were the most versatile in relation to their uses, and infectious diseases (ICF = 0.922) were the category with the greatest consensus among 17 categories., Conclusion: These latex plants of Togolese flora are variously used in traditional medicine and it would be important to undertake further investigations in phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology to validate their uses. Abbreviations Used: UV: use value ICF: informant consensus factor RI: relative importance PP: pharmacological properties attributed to a species for a specific ailments AC: ailment categories treated by a given species.
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- 2016
- Full Text
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