Search

Your search keyword '"Pirazzini R"' showing total 35 results
Start Over Author "Pirazzini R"
35 results on '"Pirazzini R"'

1. The Influence of Snow on Antarctic Sea Ice

Author

Dadic, R., Martin, J., Pirazzini, R., Schneebeli, M., Anderson, B., Cheng, B., Heil, P., Vargo, L., Jaggi, M., Leonard, G., Light, B., Rack, W., Smith, I., Wigmore, O., and Webster, M.

Abstract

Snow cover affects the variability of the physical properties of sea ice. The snow’s unique thermal and optical properties govern the mass and energy fluxes in the sea ice system. They are important for sea ice evolution, energy exchanges between the ocean and the atmosphere, and light availability for ecosystems below the sea ice. Furthermore, snow significantly impacts remote sensing retrievals, especially for sea ice thickness. Yet, data on the physical properties of snow and its effects on sea ice are extremely limited, especially in Antarctica. This leads to large uncertainties in the coupling of climate feedback and results in significant biases in model representations of the sea ice cover. During our field campaign from October-December 2022 in McMurdo Sound, we quantitatively investigated the physical properties of snow on Antarctic sea ice, following the same protocols used during the MOSAiC expedition. The season’s unique sea ice conditions provided the ideal laboratory to study a range of snow conditions and to differentiate between sea ice and snow drivers for the atmosphere-sea ice-ocean system. Our set of snow measurements on sea ice, unprecedented in Antarctica, includes ground snow/ice measurements, automatic weather and radiation stations, and drone-based measurements. These extensive measurements made it possible to capture the physical properties of snow and their spatial variability and simultaneously measure the different components of the energy balance at varying spatial scales. We will use this dataset to improve our understanding of snow's role in the Antarctic sea ice system.&nbsp, The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Overview of the MOSAiC expedition : Atmosphere

Author

Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., G. Persson, P. O., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., de Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H. -W, Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, Gunilla, Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., von der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., Yue, F., Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., G. Persson, P. O., Schmale, J., Uttal, T., Althausen, D., Angot, H., Archer, S., Bariteau, L., Beck, I., Bilberry, J., Bucci, S., Buck, C., Boyer, M., Brasseur, Z., Brooks, I. M., Calmer, R., Cassano, J., Castro, V., Chu, D., Costa, D., Cox, C. J., Creamean, J., Crewell, S., Dahlke, S., Damm, E., de Boer, G., Deckelmann, H., Dethloff, K., Dütsch, M., Ebell, K., Ehrlich, A., Ellis, J., Engelmann, R., Fong, A. A., Frey, M. M., Gallagher, M. R., Ganzeveld, L., Gradinger, R., Graeser, J., Greenamyer, V., Griesche, H., Griffiths, S., Hamilton, J., Heinemann, G., Helmig, D., Herber, A., Heuzé, C., Hofer, J., Houchens, T., Howard, D., Inoue, J., Jacobi, H. -W, Jaiser, R., Jokinen, T., Jourdan, O., Jozef, G., King, W., Kirchgaessner, A., Klingebiel, M., Krassovski, M., Krumpen, T., Lampert, A., Landing, W., Laurila, T., Lawrence, D., Lonardi, M., Loose, B., Lüpkes, C., Maahn, M., Macke, A., Maslowski, W., Marsay, C., Maturilli, M., Mech, M., Morris, S., Moser, M., Nicolaus, M., Ortega, P., Osborn, J., Pätzold, F., Perovich, D. K., Petäjä, T., Pilz, C., Pirazzini, R., Posman, K., Powers, H., Pratt, K. A., Preußer, A., Quéléver, L., Radenz, M., Rabe, B., Rinke, A., Sachs, T., Schulz, A., Siebert, H., Silva, T., Solomon, A., Sommerfeld, A., Spreen, G., Stephens, M., Stohl, A., Svensson, Gunilla, Uin, J., Viegas, J., Voigt, C., von der Gathen, P., Wehner, B., Welker, J. M., Wendisch, M., Werner, M., Xie, Z., and Yue, F.

Abstract

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled-system s

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Overview of the MOSAiC expedition:atmosphere

Author

Shupe, M. D. (Matthew D.), Rex, M. (Markus), Blomquist, B. (Byron), Persson, P. O. (P. Ola G.), Schmale, J. (Julia), Uttal, T. (Taneil), Althausen, D. (Dietrich), Angot, H. (Helene), Archer, S. (Stephen), Bariteau, L. (Ludovic), Beck, I. (Ivo), Bilberry, J. (John), Bucci, S. (Silvia), Buck, C. (Clifton), Boyer, M. (Matt), Brasseur, Z. (Zoe), Brooks, I. M. (Ian M.), Calmer, R. (Radiance), Cassano, J. (John), Castro, V. (Vagner), Chu, D. (David), Costa, D. (David), Cox, C. J. (Christopher J.), Creamean, J. (Jessie), Crewell, S. (Susanne), Dahlke, S. (Sandro), Damm, E. (Ellen), de Boer, G. (Gijs), Deckelmann, H. (Holger), Dethloff, K. (Klaus), Duetsch, M. (Marina), Ebell, K. (Kerstin), Ehrlich, A. (Andre), Ellis, J. (Jody), Engelmann, R. (Ronny), Fong, A. A. (Allison A.), Frey, M. M. (Markus M.), Gallagher, M. R. (Michael R.), Ganzeveld, L. (Laurens), Gradinger, R. (Rolf), Graeser, J. (Juergen), Greenamyer, V. (Vernon), Griesche, H. (Hannes), Griffiths, S. (Steele), Hamilton, J. (Jonathan), Heinemann, G. (Guenther), Helmig, D. (Detlev), Herber, A. (Andreas), Heuze, C. (Celine), Hofer, J. (Julian), Houchens, T. (Todd), Howard, D. (Dean), Inoue, J. (Jun), Jacobi, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Jaiser, R. (Ralf), Jokinen, T. (Tuija), Jourdan, O. (Olivier), Jozef, G. (Gina), King, W. (Wessley), Kirchgaessner, A. (Amelie), Klingebiel, M. (Marcus), Krassovski, M. (Misha), Krumpen, T. (Thomas), Lampert, A. (Astrid), Landing, W. (William), Laurila, T. (Tiia), Lawrence, D. (Dale), Lonardi, M. (Michael), Loose, B. (Brice), Luepkes, C. (Christof), Maahn, M. (Maximilian), Macke, A. (Andreas), Maslowski, W. (Wieslaw), Marsay, C. (Christopher), Maturilli, M. (Marion), Mech, M. (Mario), Morris, S. (Sara), Moser, M. (Manuel), Nicolaus, M. (Marcel), Ortega, P. (Paul), Osborn, J. (Jackson), Paetzold, F. (Falk), Perovich, D. K. (Donald K.), Petäjä, T. (Tuukka), Pilz, C. (Christian), Pirazzini, R. (Roberta), Posman, K. (Kevin), Powers, H. (Heath), Pratt, K. A. (Kerri A.), Preusser, A. (Andreas), Quelever, L. (Lauriane), Radenz, M. (Martin), Rabe, B. (Benjamin), Rinke, A. (Annette), Sachs, T. (Torsten), Schulz, A. (Alexander), Siebert, H. (Holger), Silva, T. (Tercio), Solomon, A. (Amy), Sommerfeld, A. (Anja), Spreen, G. (Gunnar), Stephens, M. (Mark), Stohl, A. (Andreas), Svensson, G. (Gunilla), Uin, J. (Janek), Viegas, J. (Juarez), Voigt, C. (Christiane), von der Gathen, P. (Peter), Wehner, B. (Birgit), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Wendisch, M. (Manfred), Werner, M. (Martin), Xie, Z. (ZhouQing), Yue, F. (Fange), Shupe, M. D. (Matthew D.), Rex, M. (Markus), Blomquist, B. (Byron), Persson, P. O. (P. Ola G.), Schmale, J. (Julia), Uttal, T. (Taneil), Althausen, D. (Dietrich), Angot, H. (Helene), Archer, S. (Stephen), Bariteau, L. (Ludovic), Beck, I. (Ivo), Bilberry, J. (John), Bucci, S. (Silvia), Buck, C. (Clifton), Boyer, M. (Matt), Brasseur, Z. (Zoe), Brooks, I. M. (Ian M.), Calmer, R. (Radiance), Cassano, J. (John), Castro, V. (Vagner), Chu, D. (David), Costa, D. (David), Cox, C. J. (Christopher J.), Creamean, J. (Jessie), Crewell, S. (Susanne), Dahlke, S. (Sandro), Damm, E. (Ellen), de Boer, G. (Gijs), Deckelmann, H. (Holger), Dethloff, K. (Klaus), Duetsch, M. (Marina), Ebell, K. (Kerstin), Ehrlich, A. (Andre), Ellis, J. (Jody), Engelmann, R. (Ronny), Fong, A. A. (Allison A.), Frey, M. M. (Markus M.), Gallagher, M. R. (Michael R.), Ganzeveld, L. (Laurens), Gradinger, R. (Rolf), Graeser, J. (Juergen), Greenamyer, V. (Vernon), Griesche, H. (Hannes), Griffiths, S. (Steele), Hamilton, J. (Jonathan), Heinemann, G. (Guenther), Helmig, D. (Detlev), Herber, A. (Andreas), Heuze, C. (Celine), Hofer, J. (Julian), Houchens, T. (Todd), Howard, D. (Dean), Inoue, J. (Jun), Jacobi, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Jaiser, R. (Ralf), Jokinen, T. (Tuija), Jourdan, O. (Olivier), Jozef, G. (Gina), King, W. (Wessley), Kirchgaessner, A. (Amelie), Klingebiel, M. (Marcus), Krassovski, M. (Misha), Krumpen, T. (Thomas), Lampert, A. (Astrid), Landing, W. (William), Laurila, T. (Tiia), Lawrence, D. (Dale), Lonardi, M. (Michael), Loose, B. (Brice), Luepkes, C. (Christof), Maahn, M. (Maximilian), Macke, A. (Andreas), Maslowski, W. (Wieslaw), Marsay, C. (Christopher), Maturilli, M. (Marion), Mech, M. (Mario), Morris, S. (Sara), Moser, M. (Manuel), Nicolaus, M. (Marcel), Ortega, P. (Paul), Osborn, J. (Jackson), Paetzold, F. (Falk), Perovich, D. K. (Donald K.), Petäjä, T. (Tuukka), Pilz, C. (Christian), Pirazzini, R. (Roberta), Posman, K. (Kevin), Powers, H. (Heath), Pratt, K. A. (Kerri A.), Preusser, A. (Andreas), Quelever, L. (Lauriane), Radenz, M. (Martin), Rabe, B. (Benjamin), Rinke, A. (Annette), Sachs, T. (Torsten), Schulz, A. (Alexander), Siebert, H. (Holger), Silva, T. (Tercio), Solomon, A. (Amy), Sommerfeld, A. (Anja), Spreen, G. (Gunnar), Stephens, M. (Mark), Stohl, A. (Andreas), Svensson, G. (Gunilla), Uin, J. (Janek), Viegas, J. (Juarez), Voigt, C. (Christiane), von der Gathen, P. (Peter), Wehner, B. (Birgit), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Wendisch, M. (Manfred), Werner, M. (Martin), Xie, Z. (ZhouQing), and Yue, F. (Fange)

Abstract

With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled

Published
2022

4. INTAROS synthesis of gap analysis of the existing Arctic observing systems

Author

Pirazzini, R., Tjernström, M., Sandven, S., Sagen, H., Hamre, T., Ludwigsen, C., Beszczynska-Moeller, A., Gustafson, D., Heygster, G., Sejr, M., Ahlström, A., Navarro, F., Goeckede, M., Zona, D., Buch, E., Sorensen, M., Soltwedel, Thomas, Pirazzini, R., Tjernström, M., Sandven, S., Sagen, H., Hamre, T., Ludwigsen, C., Beszczynska-Moeller, A., Gustafson, D., Heygster, G., Sejr, M., Ahlström, A., Navarro, F., Goeckede, M., Zona, D., Buch, E., Sorensen, M., and Soltwedel, Thomas

Published
2020

6. The Impact of Radiosounding Observations on Numerical Weather Prediction Analyses in the Arctic

Author

Naakka, T., Nygård, T., Tjernström, Michael, Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Brooks, M., Naakka, T., Nygård, T., Tjernström, Michael, Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., and Brooks, M.

Abstract

The radiosounding network in the Arctic, despite being sparse, is a crucial part of the atmospheric observing system for weather prediction and reanalysis. The spatial coverage of the network was evaluated using a numerical weather prediction model, comparing radiosonde observations from Arctic land stations and expeditions in the central Arctic Ocean with operational analyses and background fields (12-hr forecasts) from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts for January 2016 to September 2018. The results show that the impact of radiosonde observations on analyses has large geographical variation. In data-sparse areas, such as the central Arctic Ocean, high-quality radiosonde observations substantially improve the analyses, while satellite observations are not able to compensate for the large spatial gap in the radiosounding network. In areas where the network is reasonably dense, the quality of background field is more related to how radiosonde observations are utilized in the assimilation and to the quality of those observations.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review

Author

Vihma, Timo, Pirazzini, R., Fer, I., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, J., Tjernström, M., Lüpkes, Christof, Nygard, Tiina, Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, Gerit, Gerland, S., Chechin, Dmitry, Gascard, J. C., Vihma, Timo, Pirazzini, R., Fer, I., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, J., Tjernström, M., Lüpkes, Christof, Nygard, Tiina, Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, Gerit, Gerland, S., Chechin, Dmitry, and Gascard, J. C.

Abstract

The Arctic climate system includes numerous highly interactive small-scale physical processes in the atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean. During and since the International Polar Year 2007–2009, significant advances have been made in understanding these processes. Here, these recent advances are reviewed, synthesized, and discussed. In atmospheric physics, the primary advances have been in cloud physics, radiative transfer, mesoscale cyclones, coastal, and fjordic processes as well as in boundary layer processes and surface fluxes. In sea ice and its snow cover, advances have been made in understanding of the surface albedo and its relationships with snow properties, the internal structure of sea ice, the heat and salt transfer in ice, the formation of superimposed ice and snow ice, and the small-scale dynamics of sea ice. For the ocean, significant advances have been related to exchange processes at the ice–ocean interface, diapycnal mixing, double-diffusive convection, tidal currents and diurnal resonance. Despite this recent progress, some of these small-scale physical processes are still not sufficiently understood: these include wave–turbulence interactions in the atmosphere and ocean, the exchange of heat and salt at the ice–ocean interface, and the mechanical weakening of sea ice. Many other processes are reasonably well understood as stand-alone processes but the challenge is to understand their interactions with and impacts and feedbacks on other processes. Uncertainty in the parameterization of small-scale processes continues to be among the greatest challenges facing climate modelling, particularly in high latitudes. Further improvements in parameterization require new year-round field campaigns on the Arctic sea ice, closely combined with satellite remote sensing studies and numerical model experiments.

Published
2014

11. Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system : a review

Author

Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Fer, I., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, Joseph, Tjernström, Michael, Luepkes, C., Nygard, T., Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, G., Gerland, S., Chechin, D., Gascard, J. C., Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Fer, I., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, Joseph, Tjernström, Michael, Luepkes, C., Nygard, T., Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, G., Gerland, S., Chechin, D., and Gascard, J. C.

Abstract

The Arctic climate system includes numerous highly interactive small-scale physical processes in the atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean. During and since the International Polar Year 2007-2009, significant advances have been made in understanding these processes. Here, these recent advances are reviewed, synthesized, and discussed. In atmospheric physics, the primary advances have been in cloud physics, radiative transfer, mesoscale cyclones, coastal, and fjordic processes as well as in boundary layer processes and surface fluxes. In sea ice and its snow cover, advances have been made in understanding of the surface albedo and its relationships with snow properties, the internal structure of sea ice, the heat and salt transfer in ice, the formation of superimposed ice and snow ice, and the small-scale dynamics of sea ice. For the ocean, significant advances have been related to exchange processes at the ice-ocean interface, diapycnal mixing, double-diffusive convection, tidal currents and diurnal resonance. Despite this recent progress, some of these small-scale physical processes are still not sufficiently understood: these include wave-turbulence interactions in the atmosphere and ocean, the exchange of heat and salt at the ice-ocean interface, and the mechanical weakening of sea ice. Many other processes are reasonably well understood as stand-alone processes but the challenge is to understand their interactions with and impacts and feedbacks on other processes. Uncertainty in the parameterization of small-scale processes continues to be among the greatest challenges facing climate modelling, particularly in high latitudes. Further improvements in parameterization require new year-round field campaigns on the Arctic sea ice, closely combined with satellite remote sensing studies and numerical model experiments., AuthorCount:16

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Corrigendum to “Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review” published in Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9403–9450, 2014

Author

Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Fer, I., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, J., Tjernström, M., Lüpkes, Christof, Nygard, Tiina, Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, Gerit, Gerland, S., Chechin, Dmitry, Gascard, J. C., Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Fer, I., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, J., Tjernström, M., Lüpkes, Christof, Nygard, Tiina, Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, Gerit, Gerland, S., Chechin, Dmitry, and Gascard, J. C.

Published
2014

13. Corrigendum to "Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review" published in Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9403–9450, 2014

Author

Vihma, T., primary, Pirazzini, R., additional, Fer, I., additional, Renfrew, I. A., additional, Sedlar, J., additional, Tjernström, M., additional, Lüpkes, C., additional, Nygård, T., additional, Notz, D., additional, Weiss, J., additional, Marsan, D., additional, Cheng, B., additional, Birnbaum, G., additional, Gerland, S., additional, Chechin, D., additional, and Gascard, J. C., additional

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review

Author

Vihma, T., primary, Pirazzini, R., additional, Fer, I., additional, Renfrew, I. A., additional, Sedlar, J., additional, Tjernström, M., additional, Lüpkes, C., additional, Nygård, T., additional, Notz, D., additional, Weiss, J., additional, Marsan, D., additional, Cheng, B., additional, Birnbaum, G., additional, Gerland, S., additional, Chechin, D., additional, and Gascard, J. C., additional

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Arctic Meteorology in DAMOCLES

Author

Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Tisler, P., Lüpkes, Christof, Jaagus, J., Jakobson, E., Palo, T., Cheng, B., Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Tisler, P., Lüpkes, Christof, Jaagus, J., Jakobson, E., Palo, T., and Cheng, B.

Published
2008

16. Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review

Author

Vihma, T., primary, Pirazzini, R., additional, Renfrew, I. A., additional, Sedlar, J., additional, Tjernström, M., additional, Nygård, T., additional, Fer, I., additional, Lüpkes, C., additional, Notz, D., additional, Weiss, J., additional, Marsan, D., additional, Cheng, B., additional, Birnbaum, G., additional, Gerland, S., additional, Chechin, D., additional, and Gascard, J. C., additional

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Study of the Surface Energy Balance at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard

Author

Georgiadis, T., Bonafè, U., Calzolari, F., Nardino, M., Orzini, A., Pirazzini, R., Ravegnani, F., Sozzi, R., Trivellone, G., Argentini, S., Hartmann, Jörg, Lüpkes, Christof, Georgiadis, T., Bonafè, U., Calzolari, F., Nardino, M., Orzini, A., Pirazzini, R., Ravegnani, F., Sozzi, R., Trivellone, G., Argentini, S., Hartmann, Jörg, and Lüpkes, Christof

Published
2000

20. Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review.

Author

Vihma, T., Pirazzini, R., Renfrew, I. A., Sedlar, J., Tjernström, M., Nygård, T., Fer, I., Lüpkes, C., Notz, D., Weiss, J., Marsan, D., Cheng, B., Birnbaum, G., Gerland, S., Chechin, D., and Gascard, J. C.

Abstract

The Arctic climate system includes numerous highly interactive small-scale physical processes in the atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean. During and since the International Polar Year 2007-2008, significant advances have been made in understanding these processes. Here these advances are reviewed, synthesized and discussed. In atmospheric physics, the primary advances have been in cloud physics, radiative transfer, mesoscale cyclones, coastal and fjordic processes, as well as in boundary-layer processes and surface fluxes. In sea ice and its snow cover, advances have been made in understanding of the surface albedo and its relationships with snow properties, the internal structure of sea ice, the heat and salt transfer in ice, the formation of superimposed ice and snow ice, and the small-scale dynamics of sea ice. In the ocean, significant advances have been related to exchange processes at the ice--ocean interface, diapycnal mixing, tidal currents and diurnal resonance. Despite this recent progress, some of these small-scale physical processes are still not sufficiently understood: these include wave-turbulence interactions in the atmosphere and ocean, the exchange of heat and salt at the ice--ocean interface, and the mechanical weakening of sea ice. Many other processes are reasonably well understood as stand-alone processes but challenge is to understand their interactions with, and impacts and feedbacks on, other processes. Uncertainty in the parameterization of small-scale processes continues to be among the largest challenges facing climate modeling, and nowhere is this more true than in the Arctic. Further improvements in parameterization require new yearround field campaigns on the Arctic sea ice, closely combined with satellite remote sensing studies and numerical model experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. A Database of Snow on Sea Ice in the Central Arctic Collected during the MOSAiC expedition.

Author

Macfarlane AR, Schneebeli M, Dadic R, Tavri A, Immerz A, Polashenski C, Krampe D, Clemens-Sewall D, Wagner DN, Perovich DK, Henna-Reetta H, Raphael I, Matero I, Regnery J, Smith MM, Nicolaus M, Jaggi M, Oggier M, Webster MA, Lehning M, Kolabutin N, Itkin P, Naderpour R, Pirazzini R, Hämmerle S, Arndt S, and Fons S

Abstract

Snow plays an essential role in the Arctic as the interface between the sea ice and the atmosphere. Optical properties, thermal conductivity and mass distribution are critical to understanding the complex Arctic sea ice system's energy balance and mass distribution. By conducting measurements from October 2019 to September 2020 on the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, we have produced a dataset capturing the year-long evolution of the physical properties of the snow and surface scattering layer, a highly porous surface layer on Arctic sea ice that evolves due to preferential melt at the ice grain boundaries. The dataset includes measurements of snow during MOSAiC. Measurements included profiles of depth, density, temperature, snow water equivalent, penetration resistance, stable water isotope, salinity and microcomputer tomography samples. Most snowpit sites were visited and measured weekly to capture the temporal evolution of the physical properties of snow. The compiled dataset includes 576 snowpits and describes snow conditions during the MOSAiC expedition., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. European In-Situ Snow Measurements: Practices and Purposes.

Author

Pirazzini R, Leppänen L, Picard G, Lopez-Moreno JI, Marty C, Macelloni G, Kontu A, von Lerber A, Tanis CM, Schneebeli M, de Rosnay P, and Arslan AN

Abstract

In-situ snow measurements conducted by European institutions for operational, research, and energy business applications were surveyed in the framework of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ES1404, called "A European network for a harmonised monitoring of snow for the benefit of climate change scenarios, hydrology, and numerical weather prediction". Here we present the results of this survey, which was answered by 125 participants from 99 operational and research institutions, belonging to 38 European countries. The typologies of environments where the snow measurements are performed range from mountain to low elevated plains, including forests, bogs, tundra, urban areas, glaciers, lake ice, and sea ice. Of the respondents, 93% measure snow macrophysical parameters, such as snow presence, snow depth (HS), snow water equivalent (SWE), and snow density. These describe the bulk characteristics of the whole snowpack or of a snow layer, and they are the primary snow properties that are needed for most operational applications (such as hydrological monitoring, avalanche forecast, and weather forecast). In most cases, these measurements are done with manual methods, although for snow presence, HS, and SWE, automatized methods are also applied by some respondents. Parameters characterizing precipitating and suspended snow (such as the height of new snow, precipitation intensity, flux of drifting/blowing snow, and particle size distribution), some of which are crucial for the operational services, are measured by 74% of the respondents. Parameters characterizing the snow microstructural properties (such as the snow grain size and shape, and specific surface area), the snow electromagnetic properties (such as albedo, brightness temperature, and backscatter), and the snow composition (such as impurities and isotopes) are measured by 41%, 26%, and 13% of the respondents, respectively, mostly for research applications. The results of this survey are discussed from the perspective of the need of enhancing the efficiency and coverage of the in-situ observational network applying automatic and cheap measurement methods. Moreover, recommendations for the enhancement and harmonization of the observational network and measurement practices are provided., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. [Medullographic studies in arthropathies of the hip].

Author

Fregnani L and Pirazzini R

Subjects
Contrast Media administration & dosage, Humans, Iothalamic Acid administration & dosage, Joint Diseases diagnostic imaging, Phlebography, Technology, Radiologic, Hip Joint, Joint Diseases diagnosis
Published
1968

33. [Nail reinsertion after traumatic avulsion].

Author

Pirazzini R

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Methods, Middle Aged, Replantation, Finger Injuries surgery, Nails injuries, Nails transplantation
Published
1968

34. [Retrocalcaneal bursitis].

Author

Pirazzini R

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ankle Joint, Bursitis surgery, Foot Diseases, Heel
Published
1967

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results