Search

During the early years, children's outdoor play is dependent on parental supervision. Parents' perceptions are likely to influence what the child is permitted to do. To better understand the involved mechanisms in parents' decision making in such contexts, an online photo-based questionnaire was administered. The tool investigates, in different situations, parents and their children's experience, parents' perceptions, and permission to play. A total of 417 parents of children aged from 1.5 and 6.0 completed the questionnaire. Results showed that parents, overall, have a positive attitude towards outdoor play. Main concerns were about risk of injury but in most cases, perceived benefits outweigh perceived dangers. "Sawing wood" was the only situation with a negative benefits/dangers balance. A linear regression analysis revealed that permission to play outdoors is based on parental assessment of benefits and dangers. Perceived benefits appeared to have more influence on parental decision than perceived dangers, while perceived competence had only a small influence. The results also showed that parents' childhood experience of outdoor play was an important determinant for adults' perceptions, perhaps demonstrating intergenerational concerns, as outdoor play is in decline. To overcome a negative intergenerational effect on children's outdoor play, interventions and communication should focus on associated benefits.

Aims: Using the novel FreeStyle Libre (FSL), glucose monitoring (FGM) system becomes increasingly popular among people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and is associated with less and shorter hypoglycaemic events without deterioration of HbA1c. There are not yet data reporting the impact of FGM in people with T1D in real-life conditions. We sought of evaluating the tolerance, the acceptance and the efficacy of the FGM system in routine medical practice., Methods: This 12-month observational study included 120 individuals with T1D evaluated every 3 months. After having been instructed about FGM utilization, participants were trained to optimize the glycaemic control., Results: Participants stopped immediately of measuring capillary blood glucose (2.88 ± 0.12 per day) (mean ± SEM) after having received the first FSL device and the number of scans per day increased up to 8.87 ± 0.58 per day. HbA1c levels decreased from 8.51% ± 0.14% at baseline to 7.77% ± 0.09% after 3 months to slightly increase to 7.92% ± 0.09% at 12 months, in correlation with the number of scans per day. The number (but not the duration) of hypoglycaemic events slightly increased from 16.9 ± 1.44 per month at baseline to 24.0 ± 2.91 per month at 12 months, after reaching a peak of 26.4 ± 2.31 per month at 6 months. They were correlated with improved HbA1c., Conclusion: Our study shows that using the FGM system improves HbA1c levels in people with T1D along with a moderate increase in the number of mild hypoglycaemic events. The new FGM system facilitates the therapeutic empowerment of people with T1D, but in a context of structured education.