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Materials adaptation is relatively a recent field of study in ELT, commencing in the late 1980's. Materials adaptation in ELT refers to the modification of materials by bringing the materials closer to a particular context of language teaching. The purpose of materials adaptation is to make language teaching more effective. This paper discusses the process of materials adaptation in ELT focusing on the various techniques. Through a comprehensive literature review and description of existing practices the paper elucidates various techniques employed in materials adaptation. Moreover, the paper investigates diverse issues that hinder the adaptation of ELT materials in Indian context. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the materials adaptation as a significant process in ELT. Moreover, the paper also aims to highlight various issues in Indian context that need to be addressed to include materials development as a crucial element in English language teaching classrooms in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid- 19 lockdown affected almost all the sectors of education and one of the worst sections was the teaching and learning of languages. Language is the most beautiful capacity bestowed by God to humans and it is the quest of every individual to learn more and more languages in order to communicate and understand the different people and different cultures of world. Language learning happens in the natural environment and when a child is given the opportunity to communicate in the natural environment, he/she is able to learn that language with full proficiency. This was not possible in the online mode of learning and teaching and the result was that students faced a lot of problems in the learning of different languages. Although there are many online Apps and tools which help the students to learn the different languages of the world but still there are many problems and challenges which the teachers and students face during the teaching and learning of languages. The present paper is intended to analyse all the issues in the learning and teaching of languages and how the Covid-19 lockdown affected the learning and teaching of languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]