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Predicting the decompression behavior and controlling the fracture of CO2 pipelines are crucial research areas for the safe transport of CO2. Existing decompression wave prediction models have problems such as large errors in calculating the sound speed of the gas-liquid two-phase flow and difficulties in convergence near the critical point. The local sound speed calculation method based on isochoric thermodynamics was improved and a new decompression wave prediction model was established. The effects of gas compositions, initial phase state, initial pressure, and initial temperature on decompression wave curves and pressure drop curves were calculated and analyzed. Additionally, the decompression behavior of CO2 pipeline leaks in practical engineering scenarios was predicted. The results show that compared to post-combustion capture or pre-combustion capture, the initial decompression wave speed under gas by oxy-fuel combustion capture is reduced by approximately 26%, and the decompression plateau pressure increases by 22%. During the decompression process, the temperature and pressure operating point of medium inside the pipeline no longer move along the gas-liquid equilibrium line but directly enter the gas-liquid two-phase region. Compared to the dense phase state, the saturation pressure corresponding to the intersection of the pressure drop curve and the CO2 bubble point line is about 26% higher in the supercritical state, and the decompression plateau pressure is higher. Lower operating temperatures and higher operating pressures can effectively reduce the decompression plateau pressure. Due to the differences in operating parameters along the pipeline, the risk of pipeline fracture decreases sequentially from the starting point of the pipeline, with the front section of the pipeline being the high-risk section. This study provides a theoretical basis for CO2 pipeline design and engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper provides an analysis of key parameters such as: heat transfer coefficients, flow, pressure drop, pump power, heat losses and temperature drop in the oil pipeline. Tests were performed on a real oil pipeline plant with a diameter of 457 mm and a length of 91000 m. The oil pipeline is dig into the ground at a depth of 1.5 m. As an experimental fluid, crude oil of the paraffinic type, with a pour point of +8 to +26 oC, was used. In order to improve transport properties and prevent the appearance of paraffin inside the pipeline, the crude oil was heated to a temperature in the range of +20 to +50 oC. Origin software was used to display the research results. An analysis of the key transport parameters and their mutual dependencies and influences is also given. The aim of the work is to analyze and determine the optimal parameters of crude oil transport, as well as to determine the relation between heating temperature, paraffin content, flow temperature and cooling rate, where oil solid content will not occur. For such research, paraffin type oil was chosen as the experimental fluid.

The paper provides an analysis of key parameters such as: heat transfer coefficients, flow, pressure drop, pump power, heat losses and temperature drop in the oil pipeline. Tests were performed on a real oil pipeline plant with a diameter of 457 mm and a length of 91000 m. The oil pipeline is dig into the ground at a depth of 1.5 m. As an experimental fluid, crude oil of the paraffinic type, with a pour point of +8 to +26 oC, was used. In order to improve transport properties and prevent the appearance of paraffin inside the pipeline, the crude oil was heated to a temperature in the range of +20 to +50 oC. Origin software was used to display the research results. An analysis of the key transport parameters and their mutual dependencies and influences is also given. The aim of the work is to analyze and determine the optimal parameters of crude oil transport, as well as to determine the relation between heating temperature, paraffin content, flow temperature and cooling rate, where oil solid content will not occur. For such research, paraffin type oil was chosen as the experimental fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, modelling approaches, experimental studies, and challenges associated with hydrogen gas flow in pipelines. It elucidates key aspects of hydrogen gas flow, including density, compressibility factor, and other relevant properties crucial for understanding its behavior in pipelines. Equations of state are discussed in detail, highlighting their importance in accurately modeling hydrogen gas flow. In the subsequent sections, one-dimensional and three-dimensional modelling techniques for gas distribution networks and localized flow involving critical components are explored. Emphasis is placed on transient flow, friction losses, and leakage characteristics, shedding light on the complexities of hydrogen pipeline transportation. Experimental studies investigating hydrogen pipeline transportation dynamics are outlined, focusing on the impact of leakage on surrounding environments and safety parameters. The challenges and solutions associated with repurposing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen transport are discussed, along with the influence of pipeline material on hydrogen transportation. Identified research gaps underscore the need for further investigation into areas such as transient flow behavior, leakage mitigation strategies, and the development of advanced modelling techniques. Future perspectives address the growing demand for hydrogen as a clean energy carrier and the evolving landscape of hydrogen-based energy systems. [Display omitted] • Hydrogen gas characteristics are useful to model flow in pipelines. • Flammability, embrittlement, and leak risks associated with hydrogen pose challenges in transportation. • Temperature variation and pressure drop across critical components are important aspects of pipeline design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental study of the effect of lowered temperatures (from 25 °C to −5 °C) on the velocity and viscosity of composite liquid fuel (CLF) flow in mini-channels was performed at low Reynolds numbers. Examined CLFs are composed of water, coking coal, and sludge from coking coal processing, mixed with lignite polymer, acidic sodium pyrophosphate, isononylphenol and a mixture of mono-and dialkylphenols with ethylene oxide. The method of adjusting the critical ratio between the Reynolds numbers at the actual liquid flow rate of the local consumer and at the pump flow rate has been developed for CLF pipeline transport in off-season and winter temperature conditions. It is based on the constant regulation of the pump flow rate, depending on the current external temperature. Under a controlled decrease in the pump flow rate and a CLF temperature of −5 °C, its transportation by pipeline was successfully performed at laboratory conditions. [Display omitted] • Low-Reynolds composite liquid fuel flow under sub-ambient temperatures is examined. • Scalable mini-channel flow optimization method is developed to transport fuel slurry. • Method is based on pump flow rate regulation considering current ambient temperature. • Fuel slurry pipeline transportation is successfully performed at −5 °C. • Fuel flow velocity and relative viscosity are determined in pipeline at −5 °С0.25 °С. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pipeline conveying is a crucial method for realizing gangue slurry filling. In order to avoid the blockage of gangue slurry in pipeline conveying, it is necessary to clarify the deposition behavior of gangue particles in the pipeline. This paper analyzes coal gangue's microstructure and mineral composition in the Zhaozhuang No. 2 coal mine through electron microscope scanning and X-ray diffraction tests. We studied the viscosity characteristics of gangue slurry at different mass concentrations and particle sizes and analyzed the change rule of viscosity of gangue slurry with time. Based on determining the nature of the slurry material, a simulation analysis of the deposition behavior of the gangue slurry in a pipeline was carried out using the coupled fluid dynamics–discrete element (CFD-DEM) method. The results show that gangue slurry with a particle size larger than 1.0 mm is likely to lead to the blockage of the pipeline. A small increase in viscosity will promote a uniform distribution of particles inside the pipeline. The deposition behavior of particles is jointly influenced by gravity, fluid interaction force, inter-particle force, and the interaction between particles and the pipeline surface. The research results can be used as a reference for the design and study of gangue slurry grouting systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pipeline transportation is widely regarded as the most cost-effective method for conveying substantial volumes of hydrogen across extensive distances. However, before hydrogen can be widely used, a new pipeline network must be built to reliably supply industrial users. An alternative way to rather expensive investments in new infrastructure could be to use the existing pipeline network to add pure hydrogen to natural gas and further transport the gas mixture in an industrially safe way. The new solution necessities will be examined for compression, transportation, and fire hazard accidents, which have not been scrutinized by other scholars. This study presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the methane–hydrogen mixture compression process and a mathematical description of the main pipeline operation during gas mixture transportation, considering industrial fire safety issues. By examining a case study involving a main gas pipeline and its associated mathematical model for hydrogen transportation, it becomes feasible to assess the potential hazards associated with various leakage areas and the subsequent occurrence of fires. The findings of this investigation demonstrate that the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen due to leakage from a natural gas pipeline is directly influenced by the proportion of hydrogen present in the gas mixture. If the hydrogen percentage reaches a balanced ratio of 50–50%, it is plausible that the equipment at the compressor station could be subject to detrimental consequences, potentially leading to accidents and fires. Furthermore, the obtained results from modeling in ANSYS Fluent software propose two practical scenarios, which demonstrate that despite the limited research conducted on the safety aspects and the occurrence of fires during the operation of hydrogen gas pipelines, industrial and fire safety necessitate the inclusion of hydrogen transport infrastructure as a pivotal element within the broader framework of hydrogen infrastructure development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapidly increasing production volume of clean hydrogen creates challenges for transport infrastructure. This study improves understanding of hydrogen transport options in Europe and provides more detailed analysis on the prospects for hydrogen transport in Finland. Previous studies and ongoing pipeline projects were reviewed to identify potential and barriers to hydrogen transport. A fatigue life assessment tool was built because material challenges have been one of the main concerns of hydrogen transportation. Many European countries aim at utilizing existing gas infrastructure for hydrogen. Conducted studies and pilot facilities have provided promising results. Hydrogen reduces the fatigue life of the pipeline, but existing pipelines can be used for hydrogen if pressure variation is maintained at a reasonable level and the maximum operation pressure is limited. Moreover, the use of existing pipelines can reduce hydrogen transport costs, but the suitability of every pipeline for hydrogen must be analyzed, and several issues such as leakage, leakage detection, effects of hydrogen on pipeline assets and end users, corrosion, maintenance, and metering of gas flow must be considered. The development of hydrogen transport will vary within countries depending on the structure of the existing gas infrastructure, and on the future hydrogen use profile. [Display omitted] • H 2 pipeline transportation projects in Europe were reviewed. • Use of linear elastic fracture mechanics fatigue assessment tool was demonstrated. • 80 bar natural gas pipeline could be converted to 45–55 bar H 2 pipeline. • Existing natural gas network will be utilized for H 2 transportation in the future. • Further research needed to ensure feasibility of H 2 transportation in existing grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrodynamic forces influence the efficiency and safety of pipeline transport in ocean engineering. A capsule pipeline is an example of pipeline transportation. In this work, a dynamic model is proposed to explain the oscillating motion of a capsule in a hydraulic capsule pipeline (HCP). The main study was conducted using a modal analysis of hydrodynamic forces acting on a capsule, which could be divided into frictional drag and pressure drag forces. The results indicated the presence of independent modes with different contributions to the hydrodynamic forces. Ultimately, the first to fiftieth modes represented 94~97.3% of the hydrodynamic force contributions. These modes had their own frequency ranges and power spectrum density (PSD) functions, and the frictional drag and pressure drag were both found to coincide with the narrow-band characteristics of the lower-order modes. However, the PSD functions of the frictional drag were found to fulfill the wide-band characteristics corresponding to the higher-order modes. Then, coherent structures were extracted. As the mode order increased, the vortices became more fragile and the frequency became higher. This phenomenon coincided with an increase in the frequency of the time coefficient peak, which became larger. This work could provide new perspectives on the hydrodynamic forces of pipeline transport, especially its dynamic analysis of the interaction between a rigid capsule and fluid flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pipeline conveying is a crucial method for realizing gangue slurry filling. In order to avoid the blockage of gangue slurry in pipeline conveying, it is necessary to clarify the deposition behavior of gangue particles in the pipeline. This paper analyzes coal gangue’s microstructure and mineral composition in the Zhaozhuang No. 2 coal mine through electron microscope scanning and X-ray diffraction tests. We studied the viscosity characteristics of gangue slurry at different mass concentrations and particle sizes and analyzed the change rule of viscosity of gangue slurry with time. Based on determining the nature of the slurry material, a simulation analysis of the deposition behavior of the gangue slurry in a pipeline was carried out using the coupled fluid dynamics–discrete element (CFD-DEM) method. The results show that gangue slurry with a particle size larger than 1.0 mm is likely to lead to the blockage of the pipeline. A small increase in viscosity will promote a uniform distribution of particles inside the pipeline. The deposition behavior of particles is jointly influenced by gravity, fluid interaction force, inter-particle force, and the interaction between particles and the pipeline surface. The research results can be used as a reference for the design and study of gangue slurry grouting systems.

To explore the microscopic effects of adding large particles on the transport characteristics of slurries in horizontal pipes, especially the reason why the pipeline resistance can be significantly reduced under certain working conditions, we simulated and compared the transport characteristics of a glass sphere slurry with a uniform particle size of 0.125 mm, before and after addition of the same particle volume fraction of 0.44-mm glass spheres at different flow rates and different solid-volume concentrations. The effects of the addition of large particles on the transport characteristics of small particles under different flow conditions, including the solid-volume concentration distribution, particle velocity distribution, granular pressure, turbulent kinetic energy of the small-particle phase, and wall shear force were studied. The adition of large particles was found to increase the granular pressure, decrease the turbulent kinetic energy of the small-particle phase, significantly reduce the wall shear force of the small particles, and reduce the total pipe resistance (by ∼10%) at flow velocities of 4 m/s and solid-volume concentrations of 20%, while under other conditions, especially at flow velocities of 2 m/s, the addition of large particles significantly increased the total pipe resistance. In addition, the mechanism and characteristics of the resistance reduction achieved by the large particles were examined from the perspective of reduced turbulence intensity. The results offer insights for a greater understanding of the resistance reduction mechanism and characteristics of graded slurry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previously conducted studies have established that pipeline hydraulic transport systems are currently the most promising deep-sea mining systems, and the pipeline transport performance of polymetallic nodules is one of the technical priorities. In this paper, a coupled CFD–DEM approach is adopted to numerically calculate the solid–liquid two-phase flow of seawater with polymetallic nodules. Small-scale experiments were conducted to validate the coupled model. Particle dynamics analysis was carried out under different inlet flow rates, feed concentrations and nodule fragmentation levels. The simulation results show that different operating parameters have significant effects on the pipeline transportation process. With low inlet flow rate, high feed concentration, and high percentage of large particles, the particle distribution and motion characteristics show a trend that is not conducive to safe transport. A set of recommended operating parameters for hydraulic transport of polymetallic nodule pipelines was summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Social & Economic Processes / Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok is the property of University of Szeged, Faculty of Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pipeline transportation is widely regarded as the most cost-effective method for conveying substantial volumes of hydrogen across extensive distances. However, before hydrogen can be widely used, a new pipeline network must be built to reliably supply industrial users. An alternative way to rather expensive investments in new infrastructure could be to use the existing pipeline network to add pure hydrogen to natural gas and further transport the gas mixture in an industrially safe way. The new solution necessities will be examined for compression, transportation, and fire hazard accidents, which have not been scrutinized by other scholars. This study presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the methane–hydrogen mixture compression process and a mathematical description of the main pipeline operation during gas mixture transportation, considering industrial fire safety issues. By examining a case study involving a main gas pipeline and its associated mathematical model for hydrogen transportation, it becomes feasible to assess the potential hazards associated with various leakage areas and the subsequent occurrence of fires. The findings of this investigation demonstrate that the spontaneous combustion of hydrogen due to leakage from a natural gas pipeline is directly influenced by the proportion of hydrogen present in the gas mixture. If the hydrogen percentage reaches a balanced ratio of 50–50%, it is plausible that the equipment at the compressor station could be subject to detrimental consequences, potentially leading to accidents and fires. Furthermore, the obtained results from modeling in ANSYS Fluent software propose two practical scenarios, which demonstrate that despite the limited research conducted on the safety aspects and the occurrence of fires during the operation of hydrogen gas pipelines, industrial and fire safety necessitate the inclusion of hydrogen transport infrastructure as a pivotal element within the broader framework of hydrogen infrastructure development.

The growing need for hydrogen indicates that there is likely to be a demand for transporting hydrogen. Hydrogen pipelines are an economical option, but the issue of hydrogen damage to pipeline steels needs to be studied and investigated. So far, limited research has been dedicated to determining how the choice of inspection method for pipeline integrity management changes depending on the presence of a coating. Thus, this review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of inspection methods specifically for detecting the defects formed uniquely in coated hydrogen pipelines. The discussion will begin with a background of hydrogen pipelines and the common defects seen in these pipelines. This will also include topics such as blended hydrogen-natural gas pipelines. After which, the focus will shift to pipeline integrity management methods and the effectiveness of current inspection methods in the context of standards such as ASME B31.12 and BS 7910. The discussion will conclude with a summary of newly available inspection methods and future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of a study related to the choice of modes and pressure regulation to save electricity. Calculations are carried out on the example of a technological section of a specific oil pipeline. The paper demonstrates an approach to assessing the economic efficiency of each of the flow control options to obtain the required performance. The above arguments and methods of selecting modes can be applied to any oil pipelines and product pipelines.

• Novel methodology for variable flow CO 2 pipeline design optimisation. • Utilises logit-normal distribution to describe variable flow scenarios. • Methodology is validated for different flow rates and transport lengths. • Oversized pipeline diameter minimises unitised transport cost. • Oversized design yields lower cost compared to buffer tanks. Pipeline transport has emerged as the most cost-effective method for transporting CO 2 onshore. The CO 2 flow rate is a key factor driving transport costs, underscoring the need to understand the impact of flow rate variability in CO 2 pipeline networks on their design and economics. This paper presents an optimal pipeline design methodology for CO 2 pipelines operating under variable flow that considers the probability distribution of CO 2 flow rate and the pipeline length. The results imply that pipelines designed for optimal performance under variable flow rates often demand a higher level of overdesign compared to pipelines intended for steady-state conditions. Decision-makers must balance the trade-offs between pipeline oversizing and installing multiple pressure boosting stations, especially applicable to large transportation distances and projects of extended duration. The examination of different approaches to pipeline design reveals that a variable flow pipeline design based on mean flow rate is not recommended, because it is incapable of handling the maximum flow rate. This drawback is overcome by adopting the variable flow stochastic pipeline design presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrodynamic forces influence the efficiency and safety of pipeline transport in ocean engineering. A capsule pipeline is an example of pipeline transportation. In this work, a dynamic model is proposed to explain the oscillating motion of a capsule in a hydraulic capsule pipeline (HCP). The main study was conducted using a modal analysis of hydrodynamic forces acting on a capsule, which could be divided into frictional drag and pressure drag forces. The results indicated the presence of independent modes with different contributions to the hydrodynamic forces. Ultimately, the first to fiftieth modes represented 94~97.3% of the hydrodynamic force contributions. These modes had their own frequency ranges and power spectrum density (PSD) functions, and the frictional drag and pressure drag were both found to coincide with the narrow-band characteristics of the lower-order modes. However, the PSD functions of the frictional drag were found to fulfill the wide-band characteristics corresponding to the higher-order modes. Then, coherent structures were extracted. As the mode order increased, the vortices became more fragile and the frequency became higher. This phenomenon coincided with an increase in the frequency of the time coefficient peak, which became larger. This work could provide new perspectives on the hydrodynamic forces of pipeline transport, especially its dynamic analysis of the interaction between a rigid capsule and fluid flow.

The paper will show some technical solutions that are available in a present geopolitical situation, which result from the previous experimental researches of many of the Romanian and international researchers, including Henri Coanda. The paper takes into consideration that all the real scale positively tested researches represent available ways which may be reloaded based on the present technology, even though they are 50 years old, 100 years old or more. The available real scale positively tested researches that will be shown in the paper, will include a solution for aeronautical sciences, especially thrust&lift propulsion and also a solution for atmospheric health&cleaning. The paper shows that usually we do not need to spend a lot of time&money on researches that were done before, but just to know them and use them in accordance with the present technology and opportunities.[1][2] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When dense paste transports in pipe, the pressure loss is enormous. To make use of the wall slip phenomenon, different liquids were injected into the boundary layer in horizontal pipe and pressure loss per unit reduces. Through the pipe transportation tests, the effect of different factors to the resistance was analysed respectively, such as the thickness of boundary layer, the concentration of material, the type of drag reducer, the transport velocity and the flow rate. Results show that the drag reduction effect is much better with a higher thickness and lower transport velocity, and also obtains that PEO (Polyethylene oxide) solution as boundary layer is much more effective than water. With analysis of variance and significance test, the influence degree of the three main factors on the transport resistance is sorted as the thickness of the boundary layer, paste concentration, pipe diameter. The thickness of boundary layer has the greatest influence on the transport resistance. All conclusions provide a basis for how to use the boundary layer rationally in engineering paste pipeline transportation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waxy oil transportation in the industrial pipeline becomes impossible at temperatures below pour point. Pour point depressant application allows transportation by decreasing pour point and increasing waxy oil fluidity. The novelty of the research lies in modeling waxy oil transportation with pour point depressant in the industrial pipeline. “Randep-5102″ pour point depressant with a dose of 200 ppm is used for pumping of waxy oil. Continuity, momentum and energy equations with closing relations were solved by the numerical method. The verification of the theoretical analysis was carried out with experimental data measured by the SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system sensors along the industrial pipeline length. The results of comparing thermo-hydraulic calculations with experimental data confirmed the effectiveness of pour point depressant for pumping of waxy oil at temperatures below pour point.

The growing need for hydrogen indicates that there is likely to be a demand for transporting hydrogen. Hydrogen pipelines are an economical option, but the issue of hydrogen damage to pipeline steels needs to be studied and investigated. So far, limited research has been dedicated to determining how the choice of inspection method for pipeline integrity management changes depending on the presence of a coating. Thus, this review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of inspection methods specifically for detecting the defects formed uniquely in coated hydrogen pipelines. The discussion will begin with a background of hydrogen pipelines and the common defects seen in these pipelines. This will also include topics such as blended hydrogen-natural gas pipelines. After which, the focus will shift to pipeline integrity management methods and the effectiveness of current inspection methods in the context of standards such as ASME B31.12 and BS 7910. The discussion will conclude with a summary of newly available inspection methods and future research directions.

Offshore carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is emerging as an essential option for decarbonization. Pipelines are an efficient and cost-effective way to transport large volumes of CO 2. Safe transportation of carbon dioxide (CO 2) to offshore storage and injection facilities is one of the prerequisites to ensuring safe CCUS operation. The current work first examines offshore CO 2 pipeline hazards in CCUS projects based on existing literature. Then, it compares pipeline safety regulations in the USA, Europe, Australia, China, and the Middle East, aiming to identify how these regulations have covered these hazards and potential areas for improvement. Lastly, it provides recommendations to enhance CO 2 pipelines' safety within CCUS projects. The results suggest that although the examined jurisdictions share a holistic commitment towards safety and environmental protection, notable differences exist. The existing regulations in the USA and Australia do not sufficiently account for the challenges faced in offshore CCUS operations, particularly those posed by CO 2 impurities. In Europe, the distinct hazards of CO 2 streams from CCUS are acknowledged. However, the required directives and guidelines for pipeline design and operation have not adequately addressed these hazards. Bridging these regulatory gaps requires measures including international harmonization, establishing guidelines for repurposing pipelines, and the implementation of Safety Case legislations. Furthermore, the existing regulatory frameworks can be improved by integrating with standardizing organizations' operating standards and recommended practices (e.g., Det Norske Veritas and International Organization for Standardization). This paper will be a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and industrial stakeholders in understanding the regulatory landscape for offshore CO 2 pipelines for CCUS purposes. • Hazards and risks of pure and impure CO 2 transportation via pipelines are discussed. • A critical review of regulatory guidelines for CO 2 transportation for CCUS. • Regulatory gaps have been identified and discussed. • Results suggest that no framework has adequately considered safety concerns. • Recommendations have been provided to improve safety of pipeline CO 2 transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the pipeline transport performance of slurry shield circulation system, a bionic pipeline with transverse protuberances structure similar to sand ripples in desert is used for stones transport pipeline of slurry circulation system. Based on the theory of CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method), the numerical calculation model of fluid-particle coupling of the bionic pipeline is established, and the experimental platform of the slurry circulation system is set up to verify the validity of the numerical calculation model. The pipeline transport characteristics of the ordinary smooth straight pipeline was compared with the bionic pipeline. The findings show that the bionic pipeline has the optimal pipe conveying performance, which reduces the number of stones accumulation in the pipeline by about 35% compared with that of the ordinary smooth straight pipeline. The single factor analysis was used to investigate the influence laws of different geometric parameter structures on the flow field and stone distribution of the bionic pipeline. [Display omitted] • The bionic pipe with transverse protrusion is applied to mud-water circulation pipe. • The slag carrying performance of pipeline was evaluated by CFD-DEM method. • The relationship between the structure parameters and the slag carrying performance of the pipeline is studied. • The conveying performance of the bionic pipe reduces the number of stones in the ordinary pipe by about 35% [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonstationary one-dimensional flow of a weakly-compressible fluid in a pipeline is considered. The flow is described by a nonlinear system of two partial differential equations for the fluid flow rate and pressure in the pipeline. An inverse problem on determination of the fluid pressure and flow rate at the beginning of the pipeline needed for the passage of the assigned quantity of fluid in the pipeline at a certain pressure at the pipeline end was posed and solved. To solve the above problem, a method of nonlocal perturbation of boundary conditions has been developed, according to which the initial problem is split at each discrete moment into two successively solvable problems: a boundary-value inverse problem for a differential-difference equation of second order for the fluid flow rate and a direct differential-difference problem for pressure. A computational algorithm was suggested for solving a system of difference equations, and a formula was obtained for approximate determination of the fluid flow rate at the beginning of the pipeline. Based on this algorithm, numerical experiments for model problems were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many countries have main pipeline systems that deliver hydrocarbon deposits from fields to their places of consumption and for export. Pipelines during operation require constant maintenance, industrial safety monitoring, repair, and protection. An accident there entails significant loss of product, additional financial costs, tangible environmental damage, and, in some cases, loss of life. To prevent it, it is necessary to use various types of monitoring, including aerospace. In addition to existing control methods, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) of a helicopter type with a long flight range can become a modern high-tech tool for solving problems of monitoring main pipelines. For a helicopter manufacturing enterprise, this is a new perspective area in diversifying its production and commercial activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of News of Kazakhstan Science / Novosti nauki Kazahstana is the property of NCSTE (JSC National Center for State Scientific and Technical Evaluations) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article reveals the specifics of legal regulation of relations in the field of oil and gas transportation by trunk-lines in the context of adaptation of transport legislation of Ukraine to the legislation of the European Union in accordance with the provisions of the Association Agreement. The factors that influence the effectiveness of the organizational and legal mechanism are determined, and measures aimed at improving legal regulation, which will enhance the level of safety and competitiveness of the Ukrainian trunk transport network, are presented.

In deep ocean transportation pipeline, the swirling internal flow has a significant impact on the marine minerals transportation efficiency and safety. Therefore, the present work investigates various swirl flow motions for the slurry transport characteristics of the multi-sized particulate flow in a horizontal pipeline. Since the internal flow is a liquid-solid-solid mixture, a steady-state three-dimensional Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase approach in conjunction with the k-ω SST turbulence model is implemented for numerical simulation in the commercial CFD software ANSYS FLUENT 17.0. Numerical predictions of the mixture solid concentration distributions are generally in good conformance with experimental measurements. It is clearly revealed the transition of flow regime from heterogeneous to pseudo-homogeneous with the increasing level of swirl intensity at inlet. Compared to non-swirling flow, the swirling flow is of benefit to the multi-sized solid suspension capacity and the transportation efficiency. Moreover, the intense swirling vortex results in a strong influence on the characteristics of the lubrication layer formed by fine solid particles near the bottom of the pipe. These results provide valuable insights regarding the influence of swirl flow on the transport process for deep ocean mining.

The state, problems, and prospects of conventional, unified and special laboratory, bench and full-scale tests to substantiate the systematic assessment of strength, durability, survivability, cold resistance, reliability, and safety of the key elements of pipeline transport of crude oil and refined products are considered. These tests correlate with the stages of the pipeline life cycles and basic and reference computational-experimental methods of determining the criterial characteristics of pipe steels, pipes and main pipelines with regard to domestic and foreign practices. The experimental basic mechanical characteristics obtained in standard static tensile tests (yield and strength limits, elastic moduli) are part of the basic static strength calculations of newly designed and operating pipelines. Standard hardness and impact elasticity tests are used to control the pipe steel quality. The results of standard tensile tests provide additional design information for the assessment of static strength with respect to the ductility and degree of steel hardening during elastoplastic deformation. Unified laboratory tests are meant for refining the pipeline strength with allowance for the stress state 3D effects, absolute sizes of the pipeline cross section, strain rate, anisotropy, cold resistance, corrosion, and the presence of welded joints. The assessment of pipe steel crack resistance and pipes according to the criteria of linear and nonlinear fracture mechanics with allowance for technological and operational defects holds a specific place in laboratory and bench testing. The experience in conducting these tests, accumulated in the Russian oil pipeline system is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)