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7. A multi-omics insight on the interplay between iron deficiency and N forms in tomato.

Author

Lodovici, Arianna, Buoso, Sara, Miras-Moreno, Begoña, Lucini, Luigi, Tomasi, Nicola, García-Pérez, Pascual, Pinton, Roberto, and Zanin, Laura

Subjects
PLANT metabolism, AMMONIUM nitrate, IRON deficiency, MULTIOMICS, PLANT yields
Abstract

Introduction: Nitrogen (N) and iron (Fe) are involved in several biochemical processes in living organisms, and their limited bioavailability is a strong constraint for plant growth and yield. This work investigated the interplay between Fe and N nutritional pathways in tomato plants kept under N and Fe deficiency and then resupplied with Fe and N (as nitrate, ammonium, or urea) through a physiological, metabolomics and gene expression study. Results: After 24 hours of Fe resupply, the Fe concentration in Fe-deficient roots was dependent on the applied N form (following the pattern: nitrate > urea > ammonium > Fe-deficient control), and whereas in leaves of urea treated plants the Fe concentration was lower in comparison to the other N forms. Untargeted metabolomics pointed out distinctive modulations of plant metabolism in a treatment-dependent manner. Overall, N-containing metabolites were affected by the treatments in both leaves and roots, while N form significantly shaped the phytohormone profile. Moreover, the simultaneous application of Fe with N to Fe-deficient plants elicited secondary metabolites’ accumulation, such as phenylpropanoids, depending on the applied N form (mainly by urea, followed by nitrate and ammonium). After 4 hours of treatment, ammonium- and urea-treated roots showed a reduction of enzymatic activity of Fe(III)-chelate reductase (FCR), compared to nitrate or N-depleted plants (maintained in Fe deficiency, where FCR was maintained at high levels). The response of nitrate-treated plants leads to the improvement of Fe concentration in tomato roots and the increase of Fe(II) transporter (IRT1) gene expression in tomato roots. Conclusions: Our results strengthen and improve the understanding about the interaction between N and Fe nutritional pathways, thinning the current knowledge gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Effects of water-extratable humic substances on molecular physiology of nitrate uptake in two maize inbred lines with different nitrogen use efficiency

Author

Tomasi, Nicola, Monte, Rossella, Rizzardo, Cecilia, Venuti, Silvia, Zamboni, Anita, Cesco, Stefano, Pinton, Roberto, and Varanini, Zeno

Subjects
Nutrient Acquisition, Homeostasis and Sink/Source Relations, NO3- uptake, humic substances, maize, NUE, gene expression
Abstract

Soil humic substances are known to positively influence plant growth and nutrition. In particular, low-molecular fractions have been shown to increase NO3- uptake and PM H+-ATPase activity and alter expression of related genes. In this work, a water-extractable low-molecular humic fraction (WEHS) has been tested for its ability to affect molecular physiology of nitrate uptake in two maize inbred lines with different NUE. WEHS causes an acceleration of the increase in net nitrate uptake rate in both lines, almost halving the time needed to reach the maximal uptake capacity. Transcriptional analyses indicate that WEHS positively modulate some genes involved in nitrate uptake (NRT2.1 and MHA2) and assimilation (NR2). It appears that humic substances can favour nitrogen acquisition by improving uptake and assimilation of nitrate. Results point out the importance of considering the interactions between roots and soil components in order to get a better understanding of nutrient use by plants and to improve agricultural practices aiming at reducing input of fertilizers.

Published
2009

16. A mechanistic mathematical model for describing and predicting the dynamics of high‐affinity nitrate intake into roots of maize and other plant species.

Author

Zanin, Laura, Tomasi, Nicola, Casagrande, Daniele, Danuso, Francesco, Buoso, Sara, Zamboni, Anita, Varanini, Zeno, Pinton, Roberto, and Blanchini, Franco

Abstract

A fully mechanistic dynamical model for plant nitrate uptake is presented. Based on physiological and regulatory pathways and based on physical laws, we form a dynamic system mathematically described by seven differential equations. The model evidences the presence of a short‐term positive feedback on the high‐affinity nitrate uptake, triggered by the presence of nitrate around the roots, which induces its intaking. In the long run, this positive feedback is overridden by two long‐term negative feedback loops which drastically reduces the nitrate uptake capacity. These two negative feedbacks are due to the generation of ammonium and amino acids, respectively, and inhibit the synthesis and the activity of high‐affinity nitrate transporters. This model faithfully predicts the typical spiking behavior of the nitrate uptake, in which an initial strong increase of nitrate absorption capacity is followed by a drop, which regulates the absorption down to the initial value. The model outcome was compared with experimental data and they fit quite nicely. The model predicts that after the initial exposure of the roots with nitrate, the absorption of the anion strongly increases and that, on the contrary, the intensity of the absorption is limited in presence of ammonium around the roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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43. Identification of an Isoflavonoid Transporter Required for the Nodule Establishment of the Rhizobium-Fabaceae Symbiotic Interaction

Author

Biała-Leonhard, Wanda, primary, Zanin, Laura, additional, Gottardi, Stefano, additional, de Brito Francisco, Rita, additional, Venuti, Silvia, additional, Valentinuzzi, Fabio, additional, Mimmo, Tanja, additional, Cesco, Stefano, additional, Bassin, Barbara, additional, Martinoia, Enrico, additional, Pinton, Roberto, additional, Jasiński, Michał, additional, and Tomasi, Nicola, additional

Published
2021
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48. Identification of an Isoflavonoid Transporter Required for the Nodule Establishment of the Rhizobium-Fabaceae Symbiotic Interaction

Author

Biała-Leonhard, Wanda, Zanin, Laura, Gottardi, Stefano, de Brito Francisco, Rita; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-8477, Venuti, Silvia, Valentinuzzi, Fabio, Mimmo, Tanja, Cesco, Stefano, Bassin, Barbara, Martinoia, Enrico; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-7089, Pinton, Roberto, Jasiński, Michał, Tomasi, Nicola, Biała-Leonhard, Wanda, Zanin, Laura, Gottardi, Stefano, de Brito Francisco, Rita; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-8477, Venuti, Silvia, Valentinuzzi, Fabio, Mimmo, Tanja, Cesco, Stefano, Bassin, Barbara, Martinoia, Enrico; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-7089, Pinton, Roberto, Jasiński, Michał, and Tomasi, Nicola

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) as well as Phosphorus (P) are key nutrients determining crop productivity. Legumes have developed strategies to overcome nutrient limitation by, for example, forming a symbiotic relationship with N-fixing rhizobia and the release of P-mobilizing exudates and are thus able to grow without supply of N or P fertilizers. The legume-rhizobial symbiosis starts with root release of isoflavonoids that act as signaling molecules perceived by compatible bacteria. Subsequently, bacteria release nod factors, which induce signaling cascades allowing the formation of functional N-fixing nodules. We report here the identification and functional characterization of a plasma membrane-localized MATE-type transporter (LaMATE2) involved in the release of genistein from white lupin roots. The LaMATE2 expression in the root is upregulated under N deficiency as well as low phosphate availability, two nutritional deficiencies that induce the release of this isoflavonoid. LaMATE2 silencing reduced genistein efflux and even more the formation of symbiotic nodules, supporting the crucial role of LaMATE2 in isoflavonoid release and nodulation. Furthermore, silencing of LaMATE2 limited the P-solubilization activity of lupin root exudates. Transport assays in yeast vesicles demonstrated that LaMATE2 acts as a proton-driven isoflavonoid transporter.

Published
2021

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