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This study aimed to develop and validate a bone marrow edema model using a magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics nomogram for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 302 patients with and without osteoarthritis were retrospectively collected from April 2022 to October 2023 at Longhua Hospital affiliated with the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The participants were randomly divided into two groups (a training group, n = 211 and a testing group, n = 91). We used logistic regression to analyze clinical characteristics and established a clinical model. Radiomics signatures were developed by extracting radiomic features from the bone marrow edema area using MRI. A nomogram was developed based on the rad-score and clinical characteristics. The diagnostic performance of the three models was compared using the receiver operating characteristic curve and Delong’s test. The accuracy and clinical application value of the nomogram were evaluated using calibration curve and decision curve analysis. Clinical characteristics such as age, radiographic grading, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index score, and radiological features were significantly correlated with the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The Rad score was constructed from 11 radiological features. A clinical model was developed to diagnose osteoarthritis (training group: area under the curve [AUC], 0.819; testing group: AUC, 0.815). Radiomics models were used to effectively diagnose osteoarthritis (training group,: AUC, 0.901; testing group: AUC, 0.841). The nomogram model composed of Rad score and clinical characteristics had better diagnostic performance than a simple clinical model (training group: AUC, 0.906; testing group: AUC, 0.845; p < 0.01). Based on DCA, the nomogram model can provide better diagnostic performance in most cases. In conclusion, the MRI-bone marrow edema-based radiomics-clinical nomogram model showed good performance in diagnosing early osteoarthritis.

Abstract The design of catalysts with tunable active sites in heterogeneous interface structures is crucial for addressing challenges in the water‐splitting process. Herein, a hollow spherical heterostructure FeCo‐P is successfully prepared by hydrothermal and phosphorization methods. This hollow structure, along with the heterogeneous interface between Co2P and FeP, not only facilitates the exposure of more active sites, but also increases the contact area between the catalyst and the electrolyte, as well as shortens the distance for mass/electron transfer. This enhancement promotes electron transfer to facilitate water decomposition. FeCo‐P exhibits excellent hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution (OER) performance when reaching @ 10 mA cm−2 in 1 mol L−1 KOH, with overpotentials of 131/240 mV for HER/OER. Furthermore, when FeCo‐P is used as both the cathode and anode for overall water splitting (OWS), it only requires low voltages of 1.49, 1.55, and 1.57 V to achieve CDs of 10, 100, and 300 mA cm−2, respectively. Density functional theory calculations indicate that constructing a Co2P and FeP heterogeneous interface with good lattice matching can facilitate electron redistribution, thereby enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of OWS. This work opens up new possibilities for the rational design of efficient water electrolysis catalysts derived from MOFs.

Abstract Recently, the application of attention mechanisms in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has become a hot area in computer vision. Most existing methods focus on channel attention or spatial attention. Some mixed attention usually achieves better performance than channel attention or spatial attention with the help of a complex model structure, which increases the complexity of the model. This article proposes an efficient mixed attention that combines channel information with spatial information using learnable broadcast addition to reduce this complexity. In particular, this module can simplify learning and improve performance with fewer parameters. Furthermore, our method uses an excitation method based on the Tanh function to reduce computational resources while maintaining model performance, and it is a lightweight attention module that can be used in arbitrary CNNs to improve performance. Experiments on ImageNet and Cifar confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Besides, our method remains highly competitive for object detection tasks and image segmentation tasks.

Environmental taxes are important means by which governments can address environmental pollution problems. Amid increasingly severe global warming, how should environmental taxes be used to better combat pollution and reduce emissions to promote sustainable socioeconomic development? This empirical analysis explores the influence of environmental taxes on CO2 emissions by utilizing a spatial Durbin model constructed with panel data from 2006 to 2020 encompassing 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities under the direct jurisdiction of China's central government. First, we found that a strong spatial auto-correlation exists between carbon emission intensity and environmental taxes at the geographic and economic levels in each province. The characteristics of high–high and low–low agglomeration are consistent with the actual situation where each province has a strong regional correlation. Second, the estimation results of environmental taxes' spatial effect on carbon emissions show that under the neighboring space weight matrix, environmental taxes and fees can not only better promote regional carbon emission reduction but also reduce the carbon emissions of neighboring regions. Under the economic distance weight matrix, environmental taxes' impact on reducing carbon emission intensity in the province is not significant, but it can promote the reduction of carbon emissions in the economically neighboring provinces. Additionally, the results of the sub-tax estimation of environmental taxes and carbon emission intensity show that differences exist in the impacts of different environmental taxes on carbon emission intensity under different weight matrices. Among them, environmental protection, resource, vehicle and vessel, and urban land use taxes are basically unfavorable in reducing carbon emission intensity in a region and its neighboring regions, while urban maintenance and construction and cultivated land occupation taxes enhance carbon emission reduction. Our findings suggest that efficiently promoting carbon emissions reduction requires effectively utilizing the spatial effects of environmental taxes and carbon emissions, establishing and improving the regional carbon emissions reduction linkage mechanism, including carbon dioxide in the scope of taxation to further strengthen environmental taxes' positive impact on carbon emission reduction, and focusing on the heterogeneity of environmental tax implementation to achieve emission reduction goals.

Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) is one of the most prevalent viruses deteriorating sugarcane production. Salicylic acid (SA) plays an essential role in the defense mechanism of plants and its exogenous application has been observed to induce the resistance against biotic and abiotic stressors. In this study, we set out to investigate the mechanism by which sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) infected sugarcane responds to SA treatment in two sugarcane cultivars, i.e., ROC22 and Xuezhe. Notably, significantly low viral populations were observed at different time points (except for 28 d in ROC22) in response to post-SA application in both cultivars as compared to control based on qPCR data. Furthermore, the lowest number of population size in Xuezhe (20 copies/µL) and ROC22 (95 copies/µL) was observed in response to 1 mM exogenous SA application. A total of 2999 DEGs were identified, of which 731 and 2268 DEGs were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Moreover, a total of 806 DEGs were annotated to GO enrichment categories: 348 biological processes, 280 molecular functions, and 178 cellular components. GO functional categorization revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolic processes, extracellular regions, and glucosyltransferase activity, while KEGG annotation revealed that DEGs were mainly concentrated in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant-pathogen interaction suggesting the involvement of these pathways in SA-induced disease resistance of sugarcane in response to SrMV infection. The RNA-seq dataset and qRT-PCR assay showed that the transcript levels of PR1a, PR1b, PR1c, NPR1a, NPR1b, PAL, ICS, and ABA were significantly up-regulated in response to SA treatment under SrMV infection, indicating their positive involvement in stress endorsement. Overall, this research characterized sugarcane transcriptome during SrMV infection and shed light on further interaction of plant-pathogen under exogenous application of SA treatment.

Abstract Artemisia giraldii Pamp. is an herbaceous plant distributed only in some areas in China. To understand the evolutionary relationship between plastid and mitochondria in A. giraldii, we sequenced and analysed the plastome and mitogenome of A. giraldii on the basis of Illumina and Nanopore DNA sequencing data. The mitogenome was 194,298 bp long, and the plastome was 151,072 bp long. The mitogenome encoded 56 genes, and the overall GC content was 45.66%. Phylogenetic analysis of the two organelle genomes revealed that A. giraldii is located in the same branching position. We found 13 pairs of homologous sequences between the plastome and mitogenome, and only one of them might have transferred from the plastid to the mitochondria. Gene selection pressure analysis in the mitogenome showed that ccmFc, nad1, nad6, atp9, atp1 and rps12 may undergo positive selection. According to the 18 available plastome sequences, we found 17 variant sites in two hypervariable regions that can be used in completely distinguishing 18 Artemisia species. The most interesting discovery was that the mitogenome of A. giraldii was only 43,226 bp larger than the plastome. To the best of our knowledge, this study represented one of the smallest differences between all sequenced mitogenomes and plastomes from vascular plants. The above results can provide a reference for future taxonomic and molecular evolution studies of Asteraceae species.

Abstract Background Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. is a perennial herb whose dried roots are commonly used as a source of traditional medicines. To elucidate the organelle-genome-based phylogeny of Saposhnikovia species and the transfer of DNA between organelle genomes, we sequenced and characterised the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of S. divaricata. Results The mitogenome of S. divaricata is a circular molecule of 293,897 bp. The nucleotide composition of the mitogenome is as follows: A, 27.73%; T, 27.03%; C, 22.39%; and G, 22.85. The entire gene content is 45.24%. A total of 31 protein-coding genes, 20 tRNAs and 4 rRNAs, including one pseudogene (rpl16), were annotated in the mitogenome. Phylogenetic analysis of the organelle genomes from S. divaricata and 10 related species produced congruent phylogenetic trees. Selection pressure analysis revealed that most of the mitochondrial genes of related species are highly conserved. Moreover, 2 and 46 RNA-editing sites were found in the chloroplast genome (cpgenome) and mitogenome protein-coding regions, respectively. Finally, a comparison of the cpgenome and the mitogenome assembled from the same dataset revealed 10 mitochondrial DNA fragments with sequences similar to those in the repeat regions of the cpgenome, suggesting that the repeat regions might be transferred into the mitogenome. Conclusions In this study, we assembled and annotated the mitogenome of S. divaricata. This study provides valuable information on the taxonomic classification and molecular evolution of members of the family Apiaceae.

PurposeThis study aimed to use meta-analysis to determine the impact of resistance and balance training on athletic ability and quality of life for patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF).MethodsThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes. The PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane, Embase, and CNKI databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to September 2022. The search strategy was related to the intervention measures, population, and results, and was structured around the search terms: “Exercise,” “Osteoporotic vertebral fracture,” and “activities of function.” Two reviewers strictly implemented the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subgroup analyzes of age and training duration were performed for the main outcomes.ResultsWe included 12 RCTs (n = 1,289) of resistance and balance training in patients with OVF. Compared with controls, the intervention group showed improvements on the Quality of Life Questionnaire issued by the European Foundation for Osteoporosis, visual analog pain scale, Timed Up and Go, falls efficacy scale international (FES-I), kyphosis, and functional reach. On subgroup analysis, the effect was more significant when training continued >10 weeks.ConclusionResistance and balance exercise training improved function and balance, and reduced fall risk in patients with OVF. We recommend resistance and balance training for at least 10 weeks. Future multicenter, large sample trials are needed for more reliable conclusions.

Abstract Background Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is one of the most valuable feedstocks for sugar production. In addition to the production of industrial raw materials such as alcohol, papermaking, the fiber of livestock feed, respectively, sugarcane can produce bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins. Elucidation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway is critical for the molecular breeding of sugarcane varieties with favorable traits. We aimed to identify candidate genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis by transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Results Three varieties of sugarcane displaying different colors were used in this study: FN15 (greed rind), ROC22 (red rind), and Badila (purple rind). Sample materials were subjected to metabolomic analysis using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and RNA-seq analysis. The metabolomic profiling results showed Cyanidin, Cyanidin (6’-malonylglucoside), Cyanidin O-glucoside, and Peonidin O-glucoside were the main components responsible for the rind color. Then, through RNA-seq analysis, we identified a total of 3137, 3302, 3014 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the rind and pith tissues for the corresponding varieties Badila rind, ROC22, and FN15. We then compared the expression levels of genes among the rind tissues from the three varieties. We identified 2901, 2821, and 3071 DEGs between Badila rind vs. ROC22 rind, Badila rind vs. FN15 rind, ROC22 rind vs. FN15 rind, respectively. We identified two enriched pathways, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis. Sequencing similarity search identified a total of 50 unigenes belonging to 15 enzyme families as putative genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in sugarcane rind. Seven of them were identified as candidate genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in the rind of sugarcane through co-localization analysis with the anthocyanin content in sugarcane. In total, 25 unigenes were selected and subjected to RT-qPCR analysis, and qRT-PCR results were consistent with those obtained with the RNA-Seq experiments. Conclusions We proposed a pathway for anthocyanin biosynthesis in sugarcane rind. This is the first report on the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in sugarcane using the combined transcriptomic and metabolomic methods. The results obtained from this study will lay the foundation for breeding purple pith sugarcane varieties with high anthocyanin contents.

Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. is a parasitic plant and widely distributed in Europe and North America. Here, we compared the plastome sequences of a C. gronovii plant collected from China and other 16 Cuscuta plastomes, including one C. gronovii plastome from North America. The plastome was 86,727 bp in size with a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 14,354 bp, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 50,956 bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 7,063 bp. We predicted 97 genes in the plastome, including 61 protein-coding genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and 28 transfer RNA genes. We detected a total of 21 microsatellite, 16 tandem, and ten interspersed repeats in the genome. Gene contents analysis of 17 Cuscuta plastomes showed the loss of the entire ndh gene family. The phylogenomic analysis using 22 shared protein sequences shows that the two C. gronovii formed a cluster. Thirteen of Cuscuta plastomes showed no rearrangement. The other three showed smaller inversions and smaller numbers of gene deletion. Next, we identified the two INDELs, one SNP site between the two C. gronovii plastomes. And we identified two putative RNA editing sites. Lastly, to distinguish between C. gronovii and two medicinal Cuscuta species, C. chinensis and C. australis, we identified ten molecular markers based on the genome sequences. The overall large-scale gene loss, conserved gene order, low intraspecific divergence are consistent with the adaptation of C. gronovii to a parasitic lifestyle.

Environmental taxation is a formal environmental regulation policy formed by government intervention. It is generally believed that the imposition of environmental taxation can effectively promote economic agents to reduce pollutant emissions. Thus, based on panel data from 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China, this paper examines the pollution reduction effects and regional heterogeneity of environmental taxes on three major pollutants. It is found that the current environmental taxation in China can promote the emission reduction of ammonia nitrogen, and sulfur dioxide to a certain extent, but the effect on chemical oxygen demand is not outstanding. From the results of the regional heterogeneity test, there are differences in the effect of environmental taxation on the reduction of major pollutants in each region. The current environmental tax policy has a relatively strong effect on emission reduction in the western region with little effect in the eastern and central regions. Therefore, to better utilize the policy, this paper suggests adjusting the environmental tax levy standard according to local conditions and strictly levying environmental taxes and fees on various pollutants in terms of quantity.

Natural disasters have a major detrimental impact on agricultural production. In recent decades, China has experienced more frequent natural disasters as a result of climate change. Although the spatial and temporal changes in natural disasters for individual catastrophic activities are well understood, the impact of several disasters on cereal crop productivity and subsequent quality loss remains unknown. Furthermore, due to the key significance of cereal in China’s daily diet, a decrease in cereal quality, namely protein, will have a detrimental effect on nutrient supply. To better understand the relationship between natural disasters and cereal crop food quality in China, we used province-level data from 1988 to 2020 to construct a dataset of natural disasters, crop production, and protein contents of cereal crops (rice, wheat, and maize). Our findings suggest that activities in areas affected by natural disasters have decreased dramatically since the 21st century, with changes in areas affected by such disasters varying by province. Between 1988 and 2020, the total protein losses from grain and straw harvests due to natural disasters were 11.93 and 391.27 million tons. Overall, the annual mean total protein loss in maize, rice, and wheat was 4,982.26, 5,055.4, and 4,200.34 thousand tons, respectively. Although was responsible for half of the protein losses in more than half of the provinces. Drought and floods accounted for 80% of the total area affected by all natural disasters.

In the problem of causal discovery, conditional independence (CI) tests are generally used to detect the causal relationships among observed data. Due to the curse of dimensionality and the limitation of causal direction learning based on V-structure learning, it is difficult for constraint-based methods to distinguish the actual graph from a set of Markov equivalence classes. To alleviate this problem, in this work, a novel regression-based method to test CIs over linear Non-Gaussian data is proposed. The main purpose of this proposal is to relax the CI test of x⊥y|Z to two unconditional independence tests x - f (Z) ⊥y - g (Z) + ΣH (Z) and x - f (Z) + ΣH (Z) ⊥y - g (Z), wheref and g can be estimated by linear regression independently. In addition, we further show that x -f (Z) ⊥y-g (Z)+ΣH (Z) ( or x -f (Z)+ΣH (Z) ⊥y- g (Z) ) can lead to x ← Z ( or y ← Z ). According to this regression-based method, we design a causal structure learning algorithm to learn the actual graph instead of a set of Markov equivalence classes over the observed data. Experiments indicate that our method can detect much more causal relationships than other existing methods, especially in large-scale cases.

Codonopsis pilosula subsp. tangshen is one of the most important medicinal herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. Correct identification of materials from C. pilosula subsp. tangshen is critical to ensure the efficacy and safety of the associated medicines. Traditional DNA molecular markers could distinguish Codonopsis species well, so we need to develop super or specific molecular markers. In this study, we reported the plastome of Codonopsis pilosula subsp. tangshen (Oliv.) D.Y. Hong conducted phylogenomic and comparative analyses in the Codonopsis genus for the first time. The entire length of the Codonopsis pilosula subsp. tangshen plastome was 170,672 bp. There were 108 genes in the plastome, including 76 protein-coding genes, 28 transfer RNA (tRNA), and four ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Comparative analysis indicated that Codonopsis pilosula subsp. tangshen had an unusual large inversion in the large single-copy (LSC) region compared with the other three Codonopsis species. And there were two dispersed repeat sequences at both ends of the inverted regions, which might mediate the generation of this inversion. We found five hypervariable regions among the four Codonopsis species. PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing experiments demonstrated that two hypervariable regions could distinguish three medicinal Codonopsis species. Results obtained from this study will support taxonomic classification, discrimination, and molecular evolutionary studies of Codonopsis species.

Exploring and compiling a natural resource balance sheet is of great significance for improving both natural resource and environmental management and for realizing sustainable social and economic development. Based on a literature review of previous studies, in this study, we analyzed the composition, measurement methods, and methods used to acquire data of the major elements used in a natural resource balance sheet, as well as determined that the balance formula for the sheet should comprise natural resource assets, natural resource liabilities, and the benefits of natural resources. A basic report format for the natural resource balance sheet was compiled on this basis.

Abiotic stressors are major constraints that affect agricultural plant physio-morphological and biochemical attributes, resulting in a loss of normal functioning and, eventually, a severe decline in crop productivity. The co-occurrence of different abiotic stresses, rather than a specific stress situation, can alter or trigger a wide range of plant responses, such as altered metabolism, stunted growth, and restricted development. Therefore, systematic and rigorous studies are pivotal for understanding the impact of concurrent abiotic stress conditions on crop productivity. In doing so, this review emphasizes the implications and potential mechanisms for controlling/managing combined abiotic stresses, which can then be utilized to identify genotypes with combined stress tolerance. Furthermore, this review focuses on recent biotechnological approaches in deciphering combined stress tolerance in plants. As a result, agronomists, breeders, molecular biologists, and field pathologists will benefit from this literature in assessing the impact of interactions between combined abiotic stresses on crop performance and development of tolerant/resistant cultivars.

Modulating the structure of a photocatalyst at the molecular level can improve the photocatalytic efficiency and provides a guide for the synthesis of highly qualified photocatalysts. In this study, TiO2 was modified by various organic compounds to form different TiO2-based hybrid photocatalysts. 1,10-Phenanthroline (Phen) is an organic material with delocalized π-conjugated systems. It was used to modify TiO2 to form the hybrid photocatalyst Phen/TiO2. Furthermore, 1,10-phenanthrolin-5-amine (Phen-NH2) and 1,10-phenanthroline-5-nitro (Phen-NO2) were also used to modify TiO2 to form NH2-Phen/TiO2 and NO2-Phen/TiO2, respectively. The samples of TiO2, Phen/TiO2, NO2-Phen/TiO2, and NH2-Phen/TiO2 were carefully characterized, and their photocatalytic performance was compared. The results indicated that the photocatalytic efficiency followed the order of NH2-Phen/TiO2 > NO2-Phen/TiO2 > Phen/TiO2 > TiO2. It could be found that modifying TiO2 with different organic compounds containing delocalized π-conjugated systems could enhance the photocatalytic ability; furthermore, the level of this enhancement could be modulated by different delocalized π-conjugated systems.

Effective strategies to deal with rare earth pollution are urgently needed due to the overexploitation of rare earths resource. In this study, a novel nanocomposite of UiO-66-NH2/CPA-MA denoted as UA was successfully synthesized, which can simultaneously remove and detect Ce4+ in water. The hybrid consists of UiO-66-NH2 and CPA-MA. Based on the high adsorption performance of UiO-66-NH2, it can remove Ce4+ with high capacity by adsorption. Moreover, it can change its color from olive drab to light cyan depending on the adsorbed Ce4+ concentration, and the chroma is linearly related to the Ce4+ concentration. So, UA can be used to qualitatively and quantitatively detect Ce4+ by its color changing. The kinetics of adsorption course was investigated in details. The anti-inference ability of the nanocomposite in coexisting systems was carefully evaluated. The results indicate that UiO-66-NH2/CPA-MA is highly potential to deal with Ce4+ pollutions due to its bifunctionality.

Due to the abuse application of antibiotics in the recent decades, a high level of antibiotics has been let out and remains in our environment. Electrochemical sensing is a useful method to sensitively detect antibiotics, and the key factor for a successful electrochemical sensor is the active electrode materials. In this study, a sensitive electrochemical sensing platform based on a metal-organic framework (MOF) of MIL-53 (Fe) was facilely fabricated. It shows highly selective and sensitive detection performance for trace tetracycline. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was applied to analyze the detection of tetracycline. The linear range of tetracycline detection was 0.0643 μmol/L-1.53 μmol/L, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.0260 μmol/L. Furthermore, the MOF-enabled sensor can be effectively used in actual water bodies. The results indicate that the electrochemical sensor is a high potential sensing platform for tetracycline.

No visible light activity is the bottle neck for wide application of TiO2, and Boron doping is one of the effective way to broaden the adsorption edge of TiO2. In this study, several Boron doped TiO2 materials were prepared via a facile co-precipitation and calcination process. The B doping amounts were optimized by the degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation, which indicated that when the mass fraction of boron is 6% (denoted as 6B-TiO2), the boron doped TiO2 materials exhibited the highest activity. In order to investigate the enhanced mechanism, the difference between B-doped TiO2 and bare TiO2 including visible light harvesting abilities, separation efficiencies of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, photo-induced electrons generation abilities, photo-induced charges transferring speed were studied and compared in details. h+ and ·O2- were determined to be the two main responsible active species in the photocatalytic oxidation process. Besides the high degradation efficiency, 6B-TiO2 also exhibited high reusability in the photocatalysis, which could be reused at least 5 cycles with almost no active reduction. The results indicate that 6B-TiO2 has high photocatalytic degradation ability toward organic dye of rhodamine B under visible light irradiation, which is a highly potential photocatalyst to cope with organic pollution.

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is one of the most important industrial cash crops, contributing to the world sugar industry and biofuel production. It has been cultivated and improved from prehistoric times through natural selection and conventional breeding and, more recently, using the modern tools of genetic engineering and biotechnology. However, the heterogenicity, complex poly-aneuploid genome and susceptibility of sugarcane to different biotic and abiotic stresses represent impediments that require us to pay greater attention to the improvement of the sugarcane crop. Compared to traditional breeding, recent advances in breeding technologies (molecular marker-assisted breeding, sugarcane transformation, genome-editing and multiple omics technologies) can potentially improve sugarcane, especially against environmental stressors. This article will focus on efficient modern breeding technologies, which provide crucial clues for the engineering of sugarcane cultivars resistant to environmental stresses.