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1. Immediate Effects of Hypnosis, Mindfulness Meditation, and Prayer on Cold Pressor Outcomes: A Four-Arm Parallel Experimental Study

Author

Ferreira-Valente A, Van Dyke BP, Day MA, Teotónio do Carmo C, Pais-Ribeiro J, Pimenta F, Costa RM, and Jensen MP

Subjects
hypnosis, mindfulness meditation, prayer, experimental pain, cold pressor arm wrap, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Alexandra Ferreira-Valente,1– 3 Benjamin P Van Dyke,4 Melissa A Day,2,5 Catarina Teotónio do Carmo,1 José Pais-Ribeiro,1 Filipa Pimenta,1 Rui M Costa,1 Mark P Jensen2 1William James Center for Research, Ispa – University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal; 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 3Research Center for Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal; 4Department of Psychology, Young Harris College, Young Harris, GA, USA; 5School of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Behavioral Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, AustraliaCorrespondence: Alexandra Ferreira-Valente, Research Center for Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua de Diogo Botelho, Porto, 1327 4169-005, Portugal, Tel +351 226196200, Email mafvalente@gmail.comPurpose: Previous research supports the usefulness of hypnosis (HYP), mindfulness meditation (MM), and prayer as pain self-management strategies in adults with chronic pain. However, their effects on acute pain have been less researched, and no previous head-to-head study compared the immediate effects of these three approaches on pain-related outcomes. This study compared the immediate effects of HYP, MM, and Christian prayer (CP) on pain intensity, pain tolerance, and stress as assessed by heart rate variability (HRV).Participants and Methods: A total of 232 healthy adults were randomly assigned to, and completed, a single 20-minute session of MM, SH, CP, or an attention control (CN), and underwent two cycles (one pre- and one post-intervention) of Cold Pressor Arm Wrap (CPAW). Sessions were audio-delivered. Participants responded to pre- and post-intervention pain intensity measurements. Pain tolerance (sec) was assessed during the CPAW cycles. HRV was assessed at baseline, and at pre- and post-intervention CPAW cycles. The study protocol was pre-registered at the ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT04491630).Results: Small within-group decreases in pain intensity and small increases in pain tolerance were found for HYP and MM from the pre- to the post-intervention. Small within-group improvements in the LH/HF ratio were also found for HYP. The exploratory between-group pairwise comparisons revealed a medium effect size effects of HYP on pain tolerance relative to the control condition. The effects of CP were positive, but small and not statistically significant. Only small to medium, though non-significant, Time × Group interaction effects were found.Conclusion: Study results suggest that single short-term HYP and MM sessions, but not biblical-based CP, may be useful for acute pain self-management, with HYP being the slightly superior option. Future research should compare the effects of different types of prayer and examine the predictors and moderators of these pain approaches’ effects on pain-related outcomes.Keywords: hypnosis, mindfulness meditation, prayer, experimental pain, cold pressor arm wrap

Published
2022

2. Scaling solutions for current-carrying cosmic string networks

Author

Pimenta, F. C. N. Q. and Martins, C. J. A. P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Cosmic string networks are the best motivated relics of cosmological phase transitions, being unavoidable in many physically plausible extensions of the Standard Model. Most studies, including those providing constraints from and forecasts of their observational signals, rely on assumptions of featureless networks, neglecting the additional degrees of freedom on the string worldsheet, e.g. charges and currents, which are all but unavoidable in physically realistic models. An extension of the canonical velocity-dependent one-scale model, accounting for all such possible degrees of freedom, has been recently developed. Here we improve its physical interpretation by studying and classifying its possible asymptotic scaling solutions, and in particular how they are affected by the expansion of the Universe and the available energy loss or transfer mechanisms. We find three classes of solutions. For sufficiently fast expansion rates the charges and currents decay and one asymptotes to the Nambu-Goto case, while for slower expansion rates they can dominate the network dynamics. In between the two there is a third regime in which the network, including its charge and current, reaches full scaling. Under specific but plausible assumptions, this intermediate regime corresponds to the matter-dominated era. Our results agree with, and significantly extend, those of previous studies., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; to appear in Phys. Rev. D

Published
2024

3. Evolution of current-carrying string networks

Author

Correia, J. R. C. C. C., Martins, C. J. A. P., and Pimenta, F. C. N. Q.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Cosmic string networks are expected to form in early Universe phase transitions via the Kibble mechanism and are unavoidable in several Beyond the Standard Model theories. While most predictions of observational signals of string networks assume featureless Abelian-Higgs or Nambu-Goto string networks, in many such extensions the networks can carry additional degrees of freedom, including charges and currents; these are often generically known as superconducting strings. All such degrees of freedom can impact the evolution of the networks and therefore their observational signatures. We report on the results of $2048^3$ field theory simulations of the evolution of a current-carrying network of strings, highlighting the different scaling behaviours of the network in the radiation and matter eras. We also report the first numerical measurements of the coherence length scales for the charge and current and of the condensate equation of state, and show that the latter mainly depends on the expansion rate, with chirality occurring for the matter era. Qualitatively, the fact that the matter era is the optimal expansion rate for these networks to reach scaling is in agreement with recent analytic modeling., Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables; to appear in Phys. Lett. B

Published
2024

4. Brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for weight loss in midlife women: a controlled study with follow-up

Author

Pimenta F, Leal I, Maroco J, and Ramos C

Subjects
Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Filipa Pimenta, Isabel Leal, João Maroco, Catarina RamosPsychology and Health Research Unit, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, PortugalObjective: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven to be effective in weight reduction. This study explores whether individual, 8-session CBT can promote weight loss in midlife women.Methods: Anthropometric (weight, abdominal perimeter, and body mass index calculation), psychological (health-related and sexual quality of life, stress, anxiety, and depression), and behavioral measures (binge eating disorder and restrained, external, and emotional eating) were assessed at baseline (T1), posttreatment (T2), and 4-month follow-up (T3), for a total of 21 women at baseline; the CBT group (n = 11) and the control group (n = 10; waiting list) were compared.Results: Statistically significant effects that were dependent on the intervention were observed on weight (F = 4.402; P = 0.035; ηp2 = 0.404; π = 0.652) and body mass index (F = 3.804; P = 0.050;ηp2 = 0.369; π = 0.585); furthermore, marginally significant effects were observed on external eating (F = 2.844; P = 0.095; ηp2 = 0.304; π = 0.461). At follow-up, women in the CBT group presented with lower weight, abdominal perimeter, body mass index, and external eating; higher health-related quality-of-life and restrained eating were also observed in this group. Most differences identified were at a marginally significant level. Moreover, at follow-up, none of the participants of the CBT group met the criteria for binge eating disorder, whereas the number of women with binge eating disorder in the control group remained the same through all three assessments.Conclusion: An effective, though small, weight loss was achieved. Changes in quality of life were also observed. Moreover, changes in external eating behavior were successful.Keywords: cognitive-behavioral therapy, control group, follow-up, midlife, weight loss, women

Published
2012

6. Conjugate heat transfer in the unbounded flow of a viscoelastic fluid past a sphere

Author

Pimenta, F. and Alves, M. A.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

This work addresses the conjugate heat transfer of a simplified PTT fluid flowing past an unbounded sphere in the Stokes regime ($Re = 0.01$). The problem is numerically solved with the finite-volume method assuming axial symmetry, absence of natural convection and constant physical properties. The sphere generates heat at a constant and uniform rate, and the analysis is conducted for a range of Deborah ($0 \leq De \leq 100$), Prandtl ($10^0 \leq Pr \leq 10^5$), Brinkman ($0 \leq Br \leq 100$) and conductivity ratios ($0.1 \leq \kappa \leq 10$), in the presence or absence of thermal contact resistance at the solid-fluid interface. The drag coefficient shows a monotonic decrease with $De$, whereas the stresses on the sphere surface and in the wake first increase and then decrease with $De$. A negative wake was observed for the two solvent viscosity ratios tested ($\beta$ = 0.1 and 0.5), being more intense for the more elastic fluid. In the absence of viscous dissipation, the average Nusselt number starts to decrease with $De$ after an initial increase. Heat transfer enhancement relative to an equivalent Newtonian fluid was observed for the whole range of conditions tested. The temperature of the sphere decreases and becomes more homogeneous when its thermal conductivity increases in relation to the conductivity of the fluid, although small changes are observed in the Nusselt number. The thermal contact resistance at the interface increases the average temperature of the sphere, without affecting significantly the shape of the temperature profiles inside the sphere. When viscous dissipation is considered, significant changes are observed in the heat transfer process as $Br$ increases. Overall, a simplified PTT fluid can enhance heat transfer compared to a Newtonian fluid, but increasing $De$ does not necessarily improve heat exchange.

Published
2020
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17. Measuring adherence to inhaled control medication in patients with asthma : Comparison among an asthma app, patient self-report and physician assessment

Author

Cachim, Afonso, Pereira, Ana Margarida, Almeida, Rute, Amaral, Rita, Correia, Magna Alves, Marques, Pedro Vieira, Loureiro, Cláudia Chaves, Ribeiro, Carmelita, Cardia, Francisca, Gomes, Joana, Vidal, Carmen, Silva, Eurico, Rocha, Sara, Rocha, Diana, Marques, Maria Luís, Páscoa, Rosália, Morais, Daniela, Cruz, Ana Margarida, Santalha, Marta, Simões, José Augusto Rodrigues, Silva, Sofia da, Silva, Diana, Gerardo, Rita, Bom, Filipa Todo, Morete, Ana, Vieira, Inês, Vieira, Pedro, Monteiro, Rosário, Raimundo, Rosário, Monteiro, Luís, Neves, Ângela, Santos, Carlos, Penas, Ana Margarida, Regadas, Rita, Marques, José Varanda, Rosendo, Inês, Aguiar, Margarida Abreu, Fernandes, Sara, Cardoso, Carlos Seiça, Pimenta, F., Meireles, Patrícia, Gonçalves, Mariana, Fonseca, Joao A, Jácome, Cristina, and uBibliorum

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, mobile apps, self-management, Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Clinical decision support systems, Immunology, Technology assessment, asthma, technology assessment, smartphone, Asthma, mHealth, Mobile apps, medication adherence, Self-management, Immunology and Allergy, eHealth, Patient participation, Smartphone, patient participation, Medication adherence, clinical decision support systems, Lungmedicin och allergi
Abstract

Background Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of using an asthma app to support medication management and adherence but failed to compare with other measures currently used in clinical practice. However, in a clinical setting, any additional adherence measurement must be evaluated in the context of both the patient and physician perspectives so that it can also help improve the process of shared decision making. Thus, we aimed to compare different measures of adherence to asthma control inhalers in clinical practice, namely through an app, patient self-report and physician assessment. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of three prospective multicentre observational studies with patients (≥13 years old) with persistent asthma recruited from 61 primary and secondary care centres in Portugal. Patients were invited to use the InspirerMundi app and register their inhaled medication. Adherence was measured by the app as the number of doses taken divided by the number of doses scheduled each day and two time points were considered for analysis: 1-week and 1-month. At baseline, patients and physicians independently assessed adherence to asthma control inhalers during the previous week using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS 0–100). Results A total of 193 patients (72% female; median [P25–P75] age 28 [19–41] years old) were included in the analysis. Adherence measured by the app was lower (1 week: 31 [0–71]%; 1 month: 18 [0–48]%) than patient self-report (80 [60–95]) and physician assessment (82 [51–94]) (p 0.05). There was a moderate correlation between patient self-report and physician assessment (ρ = 0.596, p

Published
2023

18. Feasibility of an asthma app to monitor inhaler adherence in primary care: a 4-month prospective multicentre study

Author

Oliveira Jácome, C I, primary, Rocha, S, additional, Cardia, F, additional, Lobo, R, additional, Ferreira, T, additional, Guimarães, C, additional, Cruz, A M, additional, Morais, D, additional, Páscoa, R, additional, Vieira, I, additional, Silva, S, additional, Santos, C, additional, Monteiro, L, additional, Monteiro, R, additional, Rodrigues, N, additional, Cepa, M, additional, Faria, M J, additional, Monteiro Penas, A, additional, Neves, Â, additional, Rosendo, I, additional, Seiça Cardoso, C, additional, Oliveira, R, additional, Sousa Coelho, D, additional, Varanda Marques, J, additional, Reis, B, additional, Fernandes, S, additional, Meireles, P, additional, Pimenta, F, additional, Salgueiro, L, additional, Abreu Aguiar, M, additional, Mourão, A R, additional, Pereira, A M, additional, Almeida, R, additional, Amaral, R, additional, Alves-Correia, M, additional, Correia De Sousa, J, additional, and Almeida Fonseca, J, additional

Published
2022
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23. Mental, Physical and Socio-Economic Status of Adults Living in Spain during the Late Stages of the State of Emergency Caused by COVID-19

Author

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sánchez-Rodríguez E; Ferreira-Valente A; Pimenta F; Ciaramella A; Miró J, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Sánchez-Rodríguez E; Ferreira-Valente A; Pimenta F; Ciaramella A; Miró J

Abstract

Research has shown that the confinement measures implemented to curb the spread of COVID-19 can have negative effects on people’s lives at multiple levels. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to better understand the mental, physical, and socio-economic status of adults living in Spain during the late stages of the state of emergency caused by COVID-19. Five hundred and forty-four individuals responded to an online survey between 3 June and 30 July 2020. They were asked to report data about their mental and physical health, financial situation, and satisfaction with the information received about the pandemic. Means, percentages, t-test, ANOVAs, and logistic regressions were computed. A third of the participants reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress, and worries about their health and the future. Participants also described mild levels of fatigue and pain during lockdown (66%), and a reduction in household income (39%). Respondents that were female, younger, single, and with lower levels of education reported experiencing a greater impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed that the negative effects of lockdown were present in the late stages of the state of emergency. The findings can be used to contribute to the development of programs to prevent or mitigate the negative impact of confinement measures.

Published
2022

28. Molecular epidemiology of MRSA in 13 ICUs from eight European countries

Author

Hetem, D. J., Derde, L. P. G., Empel, J., Mroczkowska, A., Orczykowska-Kotyna, M., Kozińska, A., Hryniewicz, W., Goossens, H., Bonten, M. J. M., Cooper, B., Malhotra-Kumar, S., Willems, R., Gniadkowski, M., Dautzenberg, M., Annane, D., Aragão, I., Chalfine, A., Dumpis, U., Esteves, F., Giamarellou, H., Muzlovic, I., Nardi, G., Petrikkos, G., Tomic, V., Martí, A. Torres, Stammet, P., Brun-Buisson, C., Aires, E., Antoniadou, A., Armaganidis, A., Blairon, F., Carneiro, J., Chaskou, D., Coppadoro, P., Dias, A.-P., Drinovec, I., Elia, M., Exarchou, V., Flet, A., Fournier, J., Gillet, N., Jaklič, A., Jereb, M., Kane, A., Karkali, E., Kieffer, J., Kirpach, P., Landelle, C., Landercy, F., Lawrence, C., Legrand, P., Lopes, V., Magira, E., Marco, F., Martínez, J. A., Melbārde-Kelmere, A., Misset, B., Monte, R., Moreno, E., Nguyen, J. C., Novak, M., Orazi, D., Papadomichelakis, E., Papaparaskevas, J., Paris, M., Pavleas, J., Pimenta, F., Piñer, R., Radouan, A., Ramunno, M.-G., Reis, M., Rinaldi, I., Ronco, E., Jose, A. San, Seme, K., Skiada, A., Trapassi, S., Tronci, M., Verachten, M., Vila, J., Vrankar, K., Winkler, M., Zagavierou, S., Hopman, M., Leus, F., Schotsman, J., and Zwerver, J.

Published
2016
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30. The Egas Moniz histology digital platform – a dream that came true

Author

Cavacas, M. A., primary, Pereira, A., additional, Braz de Oliveira, V., additional, Remédios, M., additional, Cavacas, A. R., additional, Gancho, R., additional, Pimenta, F., additional, Botelho, J., additional, Henriques, P., additional, Borrecho, G., additional, Oliveira, P., additional, Camisão, J., additional, Marques, M. E., additional, and Mendes, J. J., additional

Published
2021
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49. Self-regulation model applied to menopause: a mixed-methods study.

Author

Pimenta, F., Ramos, M. M., Silva, C. C., Costa, P. A., Maroco, J., and Leal, I.

Subjects
*MENOPAUSE, *MANN Whitney U Test, *SELF regulation, *SEXUAL intercourse, *SEMI-structured interviews, *PSYCHOLOGICAL aspects of aging, *MENOPAUSE & psychology, *SELF-evaluation, *QUALITATIVE research, *HEALTH attitudes
Abstract

Objectives: Considering that bio-psycho-sociocultural variables influence menopause, this research aimed to assess the suitability of the self-regulation model in explaining the menopausal experience, and to explore differences among participants with different characteristics (e.g. health, sexual related) regarding menopause representations.Methods: Overall, 27 Portuguese women aged 40-65 years were assessed for sociodemographics, health, and sexual activity, as well as menopausal status and symptoms. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. A directed content analysis was performed, and the qualitative data presented. Afterward, the frequencies of the categories were analyzed through quantitative methods (Mann-Whitney U tests).Results: Aging was the most frequently mentioned feature regarding menopause Identity, whereas vasomotor symptoms were the most mentioned regarding Negative Consequences and menses cessation regarding Positive Consequences. Features related to Cause (hormonal changes) and Control (need for acceptance) of menopause were also identified. No differences were found in the frequency of menopause representations between women with different characteristics (e.g. with higher vs. lower vasomotor symptom severity).Conclusion: The suitability of the self-regulation model to explain these women's menopause experience was confirmed and the representations did not vary among participants with different characteristics. This research might help professionals and researchers in developing comprehensive interventions, based on this theoretical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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