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The key issues related with rendering the ocular prosthetic aid to patients with anophthalmos and with cosmetically inferior, i.e. a smaller-size, blind eye, are in the focus of attention. Around 320,000 persons need ocular prostheses in the territory of the Russian Federation, hence adequate prosthetic measures are taken to cope with the cosmetic, medical and social rehabilitation of patients. The ocular prosthetics service deals with issues related with prostheses manufacturing technologies as well as with other therapeutic and surgical aspects which call for working out a unified policy with its subsequent commissioning into the practice of ophthalmologic institutions.

The study was performed on 20 male rabbits. The effect of intravenous delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP), 60 nmol/kg in 5 ml of saline, on central hemodynamic parameters was studied in 11 experiments. Nine rabbits formed the control group. Two heterodirectional responses of the heart and vessels occurred in the animals given DSIP, which made them divide into 2 groups: those with a predominantly cardiac type of hemodynamic responses (n = 5) and animals with a predominantly vascular type of hemodynamic responses (n = 6). The results of the studies showed that DSIP affected central hemodynamics of intact animals; a direct action of DSIP on the vascular tone and permeability as well as on myocardial contractility cannot be excluded. The changes in hemodynamic parameters were, however, within the physiological normal range.

Adrenal reactivity of the circulation and of several metabolic and regulatory systems, which had been induced by narcosis and surgical trauma, was studied on 50 mongrel dogs. Operative trauma (thoracotomy) done under thiopental sodium narcosis was accompanied with the moderately elevated adrenal reactivity of the circulation and essentially unchanged metabolic processes. Changes in the cardiac contractility and pump function induced by catecholamines are mediated through cardiac and vascular beta-adrenergic mechanism. These metabolic changes are determined by the state of adrenergic mechanisms. At the same time there is no distinct correlation between these changes and beta-adrenoreceptor state.

In dogs with experimental mitral valve incompetence, by the end of the adaptation stage (2nd week) the cardiac functional reserve decreases; the decrement is correlated with the exhaustion of the reserve of catecholamine synthesis evident from the decrement of their precursors in the myocardium and adrenals as well as from the destruction of plentiful cells of the adrenal medulla, accompanied by development of necrosis, dystrophy, and disturbances of vascular permeability in the adrenal glands. In the initial period of the compensatory stage (1st month) a considerable activation of the catecholamine synthesis takes place, together with their increase in the right ventricular myocardium and in the adrenals.

The cytogenetic study performed has shown that karyotyping of meiotic cells can be based on the synaptonemal complexes (SC) of spreading pachytene spermatocytes of bull and of horse. The horse SC karyotype has not been previously described. A comparison of the relative length of SC with metaphase chromosomes of bull and horse somatic cells has revealed the correspondence of the chromosome length in pachytene of meiosis and metaphase, which is in agreement with the data on house mouse and Chinese hamster. The method of spreading pachytene cells may be of great practical importance in studies of the fertility disturbances in farm animals.